What is the Internet?

The Internet is a system built around computer networks that is used globally, to produce and share information around the world. The Internet was founded in 1969. The first two nodes of what would become !" #$T were interconnected between %eonard &leinrock #etwork 'easurement (enter at the )(% *+ +chool of $ngineering and pplied +cience and ,ouglas $nglebart*s #%+ system +!I International -+!I. in 'enlo "ark (alifornia, on /9 0ctober 1969.

Wikipedia. (2007). The Internet. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet. Last accessed 2 /0!/20!".

What is the World Wide Web? In1ented in 1991 by Tim23arners %ee, The World Wide Web -WWW. is a system te4t, which is accessed through web browsers. $4amples of web browsers would be 5oogle, 6irefo4 and Internet $4plorer. This is a diagram with my 1isual representation of the World Wide Web.

The computers that where in1ented in the late 67*s and early 87*s are a lot different to the more modern ones we ha1e today. (omputers from the 67*s and 87*s were limited on the things you could do it would take along time 9ust to programme a small s:uare to change colour for e4ample. 0$' and I3' are the two computers which were mainly used in late 67*s and 87*s. These computers were mainly used to store information on. They contributed to society by deli1ering the most up to date computer back then. Without these computers e1er e4isting we would not ha1e the

technology we ha1e today and if we did it would ha1e come at a later date. This photo represents a 1987*s (omputer.

This photo represents a computer called colossus it was the first e1er2programmable de1ice used to break 5erman ciphers during WWII.

$2mail is a method used to e4change digital information around the world. It was created in 198/. The ; sign is a part of e1ery +'T" of e1ery email address. The more modern $mail system is instant messaging which people use from 6acebook or other social networks including apps for e4ample whatsapp. positi1e of the email system is of course you can message anyone from around the world with a simple click of a button as long as hey ha1e an email address. nother positi1e is that it is fast and reliable. negati1e is that there are hackers who can hack your address and can see your information, another reason to ne1er gi1e out your bank details o1er email. nother negati1e is +pam, which is common with $mails.

Who is Tim23arners %ee? Tim23arners %ee is a computer scientist who in1ented the World Wide Web. <e graduated from the uni1ersity of o4ford in 1986 where he recei1ed a degree in physics. +on after his degree he started working for a telecommunications company called "lessey "oole. In 198= he 9oined ,.5. #ash in ,orset where he helped create typesetting software for printers. 6rom >une to ,ecember 19=7 3erners2%ee worked as an Independent contractor ($!#. While there, he proposed a pro9ect based on the concept of <yperte4t, to facilitate sharing and updating information among researchers. To demonstrate, he built a prototype system named $#?)I!$. fter lea1ing ($!# in late 19=7, he went to work at >ohn "oole@s Image (omputer +ystems, %td, in 3ournemouth, $ngland. <e ran the company@s technical side for three years. The pro9ect he worked on was a A!eal2Time !emote "rocedure (allA which ga1e him e4perience in (omputer #etworking. In 19=B, he returned to ($!#. In 19=9, ($!# was the largest Internet node in $urope, and 3erners2%ee saw an opportunity to 9oin hyperte4t with the Internet. Wikipedia. -.. Tim Berners-Lee. 1ailableC httpCDDen.wikipedia.orgDwikiDTimE3erners2 %ee. %ast accessed /9D1D/71B.

The state of computers in the early =7*s where good but still not ad1anced yet. They did ha1e personal computers. 19=12 I3' "( 19=B2 pple 'acintosh 19=6 F They were mainly used for home use but still were ne1er capable of doing a lot of things.

3ig businesses used these computers as databases for their clients. (omputers back then were 1ery limited and only certain people had home use of them.

ser1er is a system that responds to the re:uest and deli1ers data to other client computers o1er a local network. Website owners ac:uire ser1ers so that you can store your information in. ll social networking sites ha1e ser1ers so their users can ha1e a large amount of information shared on their sites without crashing. )!%C )!% stands for )niform !esource %ocator, It is known more commonly as a web address. $1ery website has a )!% to direct you to that specified address. )!% looks like thisC httpsCDDwww.google.co.ukDsearch? :GfacebookHo:GfacebookHa:sGchrome.7.I99I967lB.171997HsourceidGchromeHieG )T62=J:GtheKmanchesterKcollege )!% protocol is used to access a resource, )!% <ost Identifies the computer or network de1ice and the )!% location has a path to one specific network host.
#radle$ %itchell. (). URL. Available: http://co&pnetworking.abo't.co&/od/internetaccessbest'ses/g/blde()'rl.ht&. Last accessed 2 /!/20!".

<TT"C +tands for pplication protocol defines how messages are formatted and transmitted and what actions web ser1ers should take. 6or e4ample when you type in a )!% into your browser this actually sends commands to the <TT" to fetch the website you are looking for. httpCDDbpastudio.csudh.eduDfacDlpressDB81DhoutDnetechDhttpdemo.htm This website shows you how <TT" "rotocol works. Webopedia. -.. HTTP Definition. 1ailableC httpCDDwww.webopedia.comDT$!'D<D<TT".html. %ast accessed /9D1D/71B. Web 3rowsers are used to locate, retrie1e and display content on the World Wide Web. This includes, 1ideo, images and other files. The web ser1er sends the information to the web browser, which then displays the results. 'ore modern web browsers are Internet $4plorer and 5oogle.

*hese are +'st so&e e,a&ples o( an earl$)based web browser.

This is a more modern day web browser 6ire6o4.

The computers in the 97@s was slowly ad1ancing and were slowly beginning to get to the technology we ha1e today. 3ut were still 1ery limited. Lou could use word art or e1en play ,0+ 5ames you were able to add clip art to documents, you were able to play education (,@s, the first e1er paint software was a1ailable and in 199I windows brought out there first consumer based windows, named windows 9I. They of course had other windows but were mainly business oriented. 6loppy disks were a big part of (omputers in the 97@s although floppy disks were in1ented in 87@s the 97@s was an era were most people used them for personal use. They ha1e gone out of fashion and were replaced with the more modern (,. Image of a 6loppy ,isk.

These were some of the computers from the 97@sM

There is a massi1e difference between these more modern computers and the pre1ious ones I mentioned earlier. (omputers in the 87@s and =7@s were used mainly used in offices and ne1er really had a lot of space to sa1e work on. They were slow and ne1er really had much use for them. s time went on we slowly de1eloped the computer into a more mainstream product and was targeted for house holders. #ow I am going to talk about file sharing. What is file sharing? file sharing is when you ha1e the ability to transmit files from one computer to another o1er a network or the internet. This is also known as sharing information "/" "eer to "eer, also many people ha1e called file sharing piracy as people share there information including music films software etc so as many people ny multi2user operating system will pro1ide some form of file sharing. mong the best known network file systems is -not surprisingly. the #etwork 6ile +ystem -#6+.. 0riginally de1eloped by +un 'icrosystems for its )#IN2based systems, it lets you read and, assuming you ha1e permission, write to sharable files as though they were on your own personal computer. 6iles can also be shared in file systems distributed o1er different points in a network. 6ile sharing is in1ol1ed in groupware and a number of other types of applications.
%argarete -o'se . (200.). File Sharing . Available: http://searchcons'&eri/ation.techtarget.co&/de(inition/(ile)sharing. Last accessed "/02/20!". Altho'gh &an$ have do'bts on how (ile sharing has a((ected &an$ ind'stries incl'ding with the &'sic and (il& ind'str$ where it is clai&ed that the$ loose &illions o( po'nds a $ear d'e to the (act people download &ovies and &'sic (or (ree and strea&/share the& online. A recent st'd$ has s'ggested that the &'sic ind'str$ has no e((ect with people sharing &'sic online.

0ohn borland. (200"). Music sharing doesn't kill CD sales, study says.Available: http://news.cnet.co&/2!00)!02712).!3!.42.ht&l. Last accessed "/02/20!". 5ne e,a&ple o( that wo'ld be 6i& 7ot8o& (or&er owner o( %ega9pload or a &ore recent website that was blocked b$ &an$ internet co&panies :irate#a$. :recio'sl$; so(tware was available (or ho&e owners to download &'sic and &ovies (or e,a&ple e,a&ple <&'le or <donke$.

%ets start with the negati1es of file sharing. The #egati1es would be legality, you really don@t know how legal the files you share are. What many fail to realise is that pirating can ha1e a serious impact on many aspects of your life, such as your 9ob. (onse:uences of copyright infringement is a big negati1e. 'any ha1e had to pay a fine of up to 1I7,777 dollars for each act. ,ownloading files "/" peer to peer is risky because some of those files can contain 1iruses and spyware that are harmful to your de1ice. It is always recommended to ha1e an anti1irus installed on your computer. 6ile sharing is not all that bad, for e4ample files in the public domain material are uploaded by authors or music artists who choose to share there work so people can download them without them ha1ing conse:uences of copy right infringement, for e4ample, websites such as "ro9ect 5utenberg or the Internet rchi1e offer millions of te4ts, 1ideos and audio in digital format, free to download for any non2commercial use. 6ile sharing is that it is a fast and easy way to distribute information online, it can be used by who e1er has a computer or any modern de1ice. (opyright owners may choose to make some or all of their works a1ailable for free online through file sharing to promote them and increase their audience. +cience fiction author (ory ,octorow, who offers all his works online for free, states that most people who download his free e2books wouldn@t ha1e purchased any 1ersion of them to begin with. 6ile sharing has a few positi1es and negati1es but the main issue is that many abuse it and it has led to many go1ernments trying to shut down file sharing websites.