FSP 150CC-GE20x Product Training Course 8 - CFM & Y.

1731

FSP 150CC-GE206 R4.4.x FSP 150CC-GE201 R4.3.x October 2010 V1.3

Module Contents
Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) Y.1731

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Connectivity Fault Management

Connectivity Fault Management is an emerging standard aimed at enhancing Ethernet service OAM capability
CFM is defined by IEEE 802.1ag and ITU-T Y.1731 (with extended functionality) The main features provided by CFM include the ability to detect, verify, isolate and report connectivity faults on a service instance

The FSP 150CC-GE206 supports the following features

Configure Maintenance Domain Configure Maintenance Associations Configure and manage Maintenance Points (MEP and MIP) Transmit and receive Continuity Check Messages Initiate and respond to Link Trace and Loopback Messages Detect and raise CFM related alarms Y.1731 Ethernet AIS Y.1731 Performance Monitoring (Loss and Delay Measurement) CFM based Link Loss Forwarding

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Overview

A Maintenance Domain (MD) is a bridged network maintained by an operator

Each MD is assigned a Maintenance Domain Level (0-7) Multiple domains at different levels create a hierarchy of MDs

A Maintenance Association (MA) represents the service instance being monitored

It consists of two or more MEPs which define the boundary of the MA

Maintenance Points
can be created at port and VLAN level Maintenance End Point (MEP)
At the boundary of a Maintenance Association initiate and respond to CFM messages

Maintenance Intermediate Point (MIP)

MIPs receive and respond to messages.

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Overview
CPE

Operator A Provider Bridges

Operator B Provider Bridges

CPE

MD Level=5

Customer Domain Service Provider Domain

MD Level=3 Operator Domain MD Level=2 Operator Domain

MEP

MIP

MA

Up MEP CFM traffic is sent towards the bridge (e.g. from LAN towards WAN through the device) Down MEP CFM traffic is sent away from the bridge (e.g. from WAN towards the network)

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Maintenance Domain Hierarchy

MIPs at a higher level are MEPs at a lower level Higher domain subscribes to service of lower domain

Maintenance level restricts visibility upward and downward in hierarchy

Network topology of Provider is not visible to customer. Similarly, Provider cannot see Operators network topology. Higher level can only see what lower level allows to be seen

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Feature Overview

CFM MEP Directionality

Up means CFM traffic sent towards the bridge
Down means CFM traffic sent away from the bridge On the FSP 150CC, the bridge functionality is implemented in the FPGA GE206 Supports:
Client ports:
VLAN-based up and down-MEPs on client ports Port-based down-MEPs on client ports

Network ports:
Port-based down-MEPs on network ports VLAN-based down-MEPs on network ports
Up MEP
CFM Traffic

Down MEP
CFM Traffic

LAN
7

WAN

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

CFM Messages

The standard defines a set of CFM messages along with supporting protocols and procedures CFM messages are used for monitoring and managing the connectivity between the maintenance points in a MA CFM messages include:
Continuity Check messages (CCM) Link Trace messages (LTM) Loopback messages (LBM) Y.1731 Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Delay Measurement Messages (DMM) Loss Measurement Message (LMM)

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Continuity Check Messages (CCM)
Provides heartbeat for connectivity check Also used for MEP MAC discovery

Periodic multicast message toward other MEPs in the same MA

CCM contains:
Source MAC Address, Maintenance Level, MA ID, MEP ID, Sequence # RDI bit indicates CCM from a MEP has not been received

CCM MEP receiver:

Checks for valid CCM data (maintenance level, MAID, MEPID, etc) C Monitors for missing MEP IDs Populates CCM database B

CCM Interval

9

3.3 msec 10 msec 100 msec 1 sec 10 sec 1 min 10 min

Operator A

Operator B

Provider Domain
MEP MIP MA

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

CCM Alarms
Some RDI
Received a CCM from one or more MEPs with the RDI bit set A MEP will set the RDI bit if it has detected one or more of the following defects

Some MAC Status

One or more remote MEPs sent CCM with interface status TLV (Type/Length/Value tuple) indicating its interface is not up All remote MEPs sent CCM with port status TLV indicating its port is not up

Some Remote MEP CCM

Defect is raised if no CCM received for one or more remote MEPs in the MA for 3 consecutive intervals. If the defect persists for 2.5 secs, the alarm is raised.

Erroneous CCM:
CCM received from MEP not configured in the MA A CCM is from a MEP with the same MEP ID as the receiving MEP The CCM interval of a received CCM does not match the receiving MEPs MA value.

Crossconnect CCM:
The MA ID does not match the MAID of the receiving MEP The MD is less than the level of the receiving MEPs level
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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Loopback Messages (LBM)
Loopback Messages (LBM) are unicast messages used for fault isolation (similar to ping)
LBMs are used to verify the connectivity between two maintenance points - i.e. between two MEPs or between a MEP and MIP At the destination, a Loopback Reply (LBR) is sent back to the sender

C B

Operator A

Operator B

Provider Domain
MEP MIP LBM LBR

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Link Trace Message (LTM)
Link Trace Messages (LTM) are used for path discovery
Sent from the source MEP to the target MEP (or MIP) At each intermediate MIP to the target, a Link Trace Response (LTR) message is sent back to the originating MEP The LTM is forwarded to the next MIP until the target MEP is reached Based on the information in the LTRs received, the originating MEP can determine the path to the target MEP Up to 10 link trace operations can be active at one time.
C B

Operator A

Operator B

Provider Domain
MEP MIP LTM LTR

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Maintenance Domain (MD) Creation
Up to 32 MDs are supported Format Types:
String MAC Integer DNS Name No Name

MD Level: 0-7 MIP Creation Control*:

None Default Explicit
* Discussed later
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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Up to 32 MANETs supported Format Types:
Integer Primary VID String VPN ID ICC Format

Maintenance Association (MA) Creation - Network

CCM Interval:
3.3, 10, 100 msec; 1, 10 s; 1, 10 m

MEP List:
All MEPs that are part of this MA, one of which will be local

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

MA Creation Component
Associates the MA to a port on the device

Associated Port Primary VID MIP Creation Control*:

None Default Explicit Defer

* Discussed later

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Maintenance End Point (MEP) Creation
Direction State:
Expects to received CCMs

CCM Generation
Fault Alarm Priority:
Lowest priority fault that will result in an alarm

VLAN Priority:
P-bit value for this MEP

Primary VID:
VLAN ID for this MEP

At most 1 MEP per MA per device is supported

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Loopback Initiation
Not intended to be used to measure performance (e.g. roundtrip delay) Only 1 loopback operation can be initiated at a time per MEP Invoked by choosing the Loopback option when right-clicking on the MEP
Destination Type:
MAC Address MAC address of the port supporting the remote MEP Remote MEP Id ID of the remote MEP

Destination ID
based on the Destination Type

Number of LBMs to be transmitted: 1 50 Number of padding bytes in the Data TLV: 0 1473 Data Pattern:
All Zeroes All Ones Alternate

VLAN Priority: 0 7 Transmit LBM Sequence number: automatically incremented by the system and is the value used in the first LBM sent in the group of LBMs. VLAN Drop Enable: If an S-Tag is applied, true results in the DE-bit (Drop Eligible bit) being set.
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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Link Trace Initiation
Only 1 link trace can be initiated at a time per MEP A single multicast message is transmitted Invoked by choosing the Initiate LTM option when right-clicking on the MEP
Destination Type:
MAC Address MAC address of the port supporting the remote MEP Remote MEP Id MEP ID of the remote MEP

Destination ID
based on the Destination Type

TTL [1-255]
LTM Time To Live the max number of 802.1ag hops

Use FDB Only [Enabled/Disabled]

Next LTM Transaction ID (automatically incremented by the system) Egress ID [8 octets]
Identifies the MEP Linktrace Initiator.

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Link Trace Response
As a response to the LTM a device receives LTR Based on the received LTRs there is a Database generated consisting of all MEPs and MIPs that have responded with their statuses, MAC addresses etc.

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

MIPs

If a MIP is required, an MA or the default MD must exist.

MIPs are only created at the lowest MD level that is higher than the level where a MEP exists on that port.
MIP Creation Contol:
None: MIPs are not created Explicit: MIPs are created on the ports for the specified VIDs only if a MEP exists on that port at a lower MD level. Default: MIPs are created when the MA is created. Defer: Only applicable to the MA. The enclosing MDs MIP Creation Control attribute is used to dictate MIP creation.

Two ways that a MIP can be created:

As the result of the creation of an MA. If MA has MIP Creation Control:
Default: Created at same MD level as the MA and for all ports that do not support a MEP. Explicit: Created at higher MD level as the MA if a MEP exists

As the result of creating an entry in the CFM Vlan Table

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Ethernet AIS
AIS Alarm Indication Signal AIS frames can be generated by a MEP based on
Error conditions on the underlying Ethernet port
link level

Error conditions reported by CCMs

Mismerge/ Crossconnect CCM Loss of connectivity Unexpected or Error CCM AIS defect

AIS frames are sent to higher level MEPs to report problems on the lower level MEPs Higher Level MEPs can be configured to react in different ways to the reception of an AIS, e.g.
Generate AIS frame for higher level MEPs Activate Link Loss Forwarding Do nothing (Suppress AIS)

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Link Loss Forwarding
Link Loss Forwarding is an easy way to inform remote equipment about error conditions on the service.

If an error condition exists the Ethernet port is taken down causing the remote device to see a Link Loss
MEPs can be configured to switch off the underlying Ethernet port on reception of
AIS defect CCM with Interface Status TLV isDown RDI Remote MEP CCM Failure

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Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)

Y.1731 Performance Monitoring
On-demand layer 2 test frames between MEPs in the same MA.
Less processing overhead and more accuracy than layer 3 test frames as used in ESA tests until now.

Loss Measurement
Single-ended LM fully supported MEP sends LM messages, the other MEP responds with LMR LM messages carry data frame counts

Delay Measurement
MEP sends DMM, the other MEP responds with DMR DM messages carry time stamps

Offered via ESA Probe

Do not need to create a Reflector Select protocol Y.1731, associate with LAN up MEPs, Parameters are Destination MEP DMM and LMM interval DMM size

ESA statistics are collected, e.g. packet count, loss, one-way and round-trip delay, jitter,
Times are in microseconds! Binned and retrievable like regular ESA results

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End of CFM & Y.1731

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