954/2 Oct 2009 1 Confidential

MATHEMATICS S/T PAPER 2

ANSWER SCHEME
3. If x – y = z, express ddxy in terms of ddxz . Using the substitution
1. Solve the equation sin 3θ + sin 5θ = cos θ for values of θ x – y = z, solve the differential equation
dy
= x – y, given that
between 0 and π. [5]. dx
y = 0 when x = 0. [6]
sin 3θ + sin 5θ = cos θ x – y = z …(I)
sin 5θ + sin 3θ = cos θ Differentiate (I) with respect to x
dx dy
 5θ + 3θ   5θ − 3θ  dx – = dz
dx dx
2sin   cos   = cos θ M1
 2   2  1–
dy
= dz ⇒
dy
= 1– dz …(II) B1
dx dx dx dx
2sin4θ cos θ = cos θ
dy
2sin4θ cos θ – cos θ = 0 =x–y
dx
cos θ (2sin4θ – 1) = 0 M1
Substitute (I) and (II)
(2sin4θ – 1) = 0
1– dz = z ⇒ dz = 1– z M1
1 dx dx
cos θ = 0 , sin4θ = (both) A1
2 1
π π 5π 13π 17π B1 ∫ 1 − z dz = ∫ dx M1
θ= 4θ = , , ,
2 6 6 6 6 – ln(1– z) = x + C A1
π 5π π 13π 17π A1 Given x = 0 , y = 0 then z = x – y = 0
θ = , , , , (CAO) – ln(1– 0) = 0 + C ⇒ C = 0 M1
24 24 2 24 24 ∴– ln(1– z) = x
0.1309, 0.6545, 1.571, 1.702, 2.225 (CAO) – ln(1– (x – y)) = x
0.131, 0.654, 1.57, 1.70, 2.23 (CAO) ln(1– x + y) = – x A1
or y = e– x+ x –1

2. Express 6 sin x cos x – 8 cos2 x + 22 in the form A sin 2x + B

cos 2x + C, with A, B and C are constants to be determined. 4. In the diagram, HAK is a tangent to the circle ABCD. The
Hence, find the largest and smallest value for chord BC is parallel to HK. Chords AD and BC produced meet
1 ∠ABC = ∠ADB,[3]
at X. Prove that (i)∠ (ii) ∆ABD and
[6].
6 sin x cos x − 8 cos2 x + 22 ∆CXD are similar. [4].
6 sin x cos x – 8 cos2 x + 22
= 3(2 sin x cos x) – 4(2 cos2 x) + 22 C
= 3(2 sin x cos x) – 4(cos 2x + 1) + 22 M1 B X
= 3sin2x – 4cos 2x + 18 A1 α1
Let g(x) = 3sin2x – 4cos 2x = rsin(2x –α α) , r>0, α= acute
= r sin2x cosα α – r cos2x sinαα α2 D
∴ r cosα α = 3 … (I) and r sinα α= 4 …(II) B1
α3
α)2 +r2 (sinα
(I)2+(II)2: r2 (cosα α )2 = 3 2 + 4 2
2
r [(cosαα) + (sinα
2
α) ] = 25
2
H A K
r2 = 25 ⇒ r = 5 (i) Let ∠ABC = α1, ∠ADB =α2 , ∠HAB =α3
α = 3 ⇒ cosα
From (I) : 5 cosα α=
3
⇒ α =53.13o α1 = α3 (given BC//HK, a pair of alternate interior angle) B1
5 α2 = α3 (angles in alternate segments) B1
g(x) = 3sin2x – 4cos 2x = 5 sin (2x –53.13o) B1
g(x)min= –5 g(x)max= 5
∴ α1 = α2 ⇒ ∠ABC = ∠ADB B1
1
Let f(x) =
6sin x cos x − 8cos2 x + 22 B C X
1 1 α1 β1 θ1
= =
3sin 2 x − 4 cos 2 x + 18 5sin(2 x − 53.13° ) + 18 θ2 α4
α2
1 1 D
f(x)min= =
5 + 18 23
A1 α3 β2
θ3
1 1 A1
Let H A K
f(x)max= =
− 5 + 18 13 ∠XDC=α4, ∠CXD =θ1,∠ABD=θ2 , ∠XCD=β1, ∠BAD=β2,
∠KAD=θ3
954/2 Oct 2009 2 Confidential
From part (i) α1 = α3 = α2 p
α1 = α4 (Exterior angle of cyclic quadrilateral) b
asymptote D1
∴ α4 = α2 …..(∗) B1 k and p value
β1 = β2 (Exterior angle of cyclic quadrilateral) …(☆) B1 b
5k
θ1 =θ2 (If two angles of one triangle equal two angles B1
t
shape of D1
curve
of another triangle, the remaining angles are equal) . . . (ℂ)
[Can also use: θ1 = θ3 (given BC//HK)
θ2 = θ3 (angles in alternate segments). So θ1 = θ2 ]
From (∗),(☆),(ℂ) : ∆ABD and ∆CXD are similar (AAA) B1 6. Ship P moves with a velocity of (60i +25j) kmh−1 and ship Q
moves with a velocity (9i +12j) kmh−1 , where i and j are unit
vectors in the directions to the east and north respectively. At
5. The population of an island at time t is p. The number of births a particular instant , the position vector of ship Q relative to
per unit time is b, and the number of deaths per unit time is ship P is 22i km. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the
proportional to the population at that time. By taking p as a velocity of ship P relative to ship Q and the shortest distance
dp
between ship P and ship Q. [6]
continuous variable, show that = b – kp, where k is a At 0900 hours when ship P is directly north of ship Q, ship P
dt
positive constant. [2] Solve the differential equation with the changes its course but maintains its speed to intercept ship Q.
Find the course that must be steered by ship P and the time
condition that p = b when t = 0. Express p as a function of taken to intercept ship Q. [8]
5k
t.[5]Find the exact time when the population of the island Ship P Ship Q Ship P relative to Q
is 9b .[2]Sketch the graph of p versus t.[2]  60  9 VPQ = VP − VQ
10 k VP =   kmh−1 VQ =   kmh−1 ɶ ɶ ɶ
dp ɶ  25  ɶ  12 
Number birth perunit time: =b θ  60   9 
dt β = M1
θ 25 β 12 – 
dp dp 60 9  25   12 
Number death perunit time: ∝p ⇒ = –kp , k>0 B1
dt dt VP= (60) + (25) 2 2
VQ= (9) 2 + (12)2
dp  51 A1
∴
dt
= b – kp
A1 = 65 kmh−1 = 15 kmh−1 = 
 13 
1
∫ b − kpdp = ∫ dt M1 θ=tan−1( 60
25
)=67.38o θ=tan−1( 12
9 )=36.87o =51 i +13 j kmh−1

Magnitude , VPQ = (51)2 + (13)2 = 2770 , 52.63 , 52.6 kmh−1 A1

1 −k
∫
− k b − kp
dp = dt ∫
α Direction , α= tan−1( 13
51 ) =75.70o
1 A1 α 13
ln(b–kp) = t + C 51 In the direction N 75.70o E A1
−k
Given p = b when t = 0 90 –α = 90–75.70=14.30o
5k P1
Let shortest distance =QP1=d
1 1 VPQ
ln(b–k b ) = 0 + C ⇒ C = ln( 4 b ) M1 ɶ
Sine Rule
−k 5k −k 5 d d 22
A = M1
1 1 sin14.30 sin 900
0
ln(b–kp) = t + ln( 4 b ) 14.30o 22 km d = 5.434 km , 5.43 km A1
−k −k 5
1 1 P Q
– ln(b–kp) + ln( 4 b ) = t (Multiply –k )
k k 5 Ship P Ship Q Ship P relative to Q
ln(b–kp) – ln( 4 b ) = –k t 9
5 VP= 65 kmh−1 VQ =   kmh−1
5 ɶ  12  P
ln [(b–kp)× ] = –k t …………(☆)
4b β
β 12
5 5k b 4b –k t M1A1 9
[( – p)] = e–k t ⇒ p = – e
4 4b k 5k VQ= (9) 2 + (12)2
5 = 15 kmh−1
Given: p= 9b From (☆):–k t = ln[(b–k 9b )× ]=ln 81 M1
10 k 10 k 4b Q
−1
1 3 A1 θ=tan ( 9 )=36.87 o
t = ln 8 or ln 2 12
k k
954/2 Oct 2009 3 Confidential
Let P2Q = y (i) lim F(x) = F(1) (ii) P( 12 < X < 5
)
x→1 4
P2 y
P1 = tan 14.30o M1 b = P( 12 < X < 5
)
lim [ 54 x − 12 x 2 ]= 1 −
4
22km
y = 5.608 km A1 x→1 1 M1 Only this method accepted
VPQ y M1
ɶ [ 54 − 12 ] = 1–b =F( 54 ) –F( 12 )
A d
3 1 A1 = [1– 4(15 ) ]–[ 54 ( 12 ) − 12 ( 12 ) 2 ] M1
o b= 1 – = 4
14.30 22 km 4 4
=[ 45 ]–[ 12 ] = 3
10 A1
P Q

P2 Sine Rule
sin λ sin 36.87o 9. On average, the number of cars stopping over at a petrol
λ VP=65 = M1 station is one car per minute. Find, correct to three decimal
15 65 places, the probability (i) that exactly three cars stop at the
VP2Q λ=7.96 o
petrol station in a period of one minute, [2] (ii) that more than
µ Ship P has to steered in the two cars stop over at the petrol station in a period of five
direction S 7. 96o E. A1 minutes. [4].
β=36.87 µ= 180o –36.87o –7.96o= 135.17o X = number of cars stopping over at a petrol station is one
VQ=15
minute
Q Sine Rule e− µ µ x −1
(1) x
X ~ Po(1) and P(X = x) = x! =e x! , x= 0,1,2, …..
65 VP 2 Q
= M1 e−1 (1)3 B1
sin135.170 sin 36.870 (i) P(X = 3) = 3!
B1
VP2Q =76.38 kmh−1 A1 = 0.06131 , 0.0613
Dist an ce y 5.608km Y = number of cars stopping over at a petrol station is 5
Time = = = 0.0734 hour = 4 minutes minutes
Speed VP 2Q 76.38kmh −1 M1
e− µ µ y e −5 (5) y
Y ~ Po(5) and P(Y = y) = y! = y! , y= 0,1,2, …..
A1
The time is at 0904 hours (i) P(Y > 2) = 1–P(Y < 2) B1
= 1 – [P(Y =0)+P(Y =1)+P(Y =2)] M1
e −5 (5)0 e−5 (5)1 e −5 (5)2 (5)0 (5)1 (5)2
= 1–[ 0! + 1! + 2! ] = 1–e–5[ 0! + 1! + 2! ]
7. A discrete random variable X has the following probability M1
= 1–[0.00674+0.03369+0.08422]
distribution. A1
= 0.8753 , 0.8754 , 0.875
x 5 6 7 8
2 2
P(X = x) 2c c c + 2c c2
where c is a constant to be determined.Find the exact value of 10. A survey shows that 60% of the housewives have seen the
E(|X–7|) [5] advertisement of a new product in television. The probability
Sum of all probabilities = 1 that the housewife who has seen the advertisement buys the
2c2 + c + c2 + 2c + c2 = 1 M1 new product is 0.9, while the probability that the housewife
4c2 + 3c – 1 = 0 who has not seen the advertisement buys the new product is
(4c –1)(c +1) = 0 ⇒ ∴ c = 1 , c>0 4
M1 A1 0.3. (i) Find the probability that a housewife buys the
new product. [2] (ii) Find the probability that a
x 5 6 7 8 housewife who buys the new product has seen the
1 1 9 1
P(X = x) 8 4 16 16 advertisement. [2] (iii) Using an appropriate
approximation, find the probability that less than 10 out of 50
housewives who buys the new product, have not seen the
E(|X–7|) = ∑ [ x − 7 P( X = x )] advertisement. [6]
M1
=|5–7| 81 +|6–7| 14 +|7–7| 16
9 +|8–7| 1
16 A = housewife has seen the advertisement
= 9 or 0.5625 A1 B= housewife buys the new product
16
P(B|A)=0.9 B P(A∩B)=0.54
A
P(A)=0.6 P(B’|A)=0.1 B’ P(A∩B’)=0.06
8. Continuous random variable X has the following cumulative
0, x < 0,
5
distribution function. F(x) =  4 x − 2 x , 0 ≤ x < 1, .
1 2

1 − b , x ≥ 1. B P(A’∩B)=0.12
 x P(A’)=0.4 P(B|A’)=0.3
A’
1 5
(i) Find the value of b.[2] (ii) Hence , find P( < X < )[3]. P(B’|A’)=0.7 B’ P(A’∩B’)=0.28
2 4
954/2 Oct 2009 4 Confidential
(i) P(B) = P(A ∩ B ) + P(A’ ∩ B ) D1 ( whiskers seen on graph paper)
= (0.6 × 0.9) + (0.4 × 0.3) M1 D1 ( all correct with outlier)
=0.66 , 50 33 A1

P ( A ∩ B ) 0.6 × 0.9 M1 (iv) the distribution is skewed to the right / positively B1

(ii) P(A|B) = = skewed
P( B ) 0.66
= 0.8182, 0.818 , 9
A1 Q2 – Q1 < Q3 – Q2 or right box longer than left box or B1
11
left box shorter than right box or median is closer to Q1
(iii) X = number of housewives who buys the
new product, have not seen the advertisement
X~B(50, 11 2 )

Mean = np = 50× 2 = 100 (>5) 12. A company sells two types of flour, brand A and brand B, in a
11 11 B1(both mean 10 kg bag. The mass of brand A flour in each bag is normally
Variance = npq = 50× 2
11
× 11
9 = 900
121
& variance) distributed with mean of 10.05 kg and a standard deviation of
Suitable approximation : X~N ( 100 , 900 ) B1 0.2 kg, whereas the mass of brand B flour in each bag is
11 121
normally distributed with mean of 10.05 kg and a standard
X − 100 X − 100
Z= 11
900
= 30
11 deviation of 0.05 kg. (i) Find the probability that a bag brand
121 11
A flour and a bag brand B flour selected at random both are
P(X<10) = P(X<9.5) M1 more than 10 kg. [6]
X − 100 9.5− 100 M1 (ii) If J represents the total mass of two bags of brand A flour
=P( 11 < 11 )
30
11
30
11
and six bags of brand B flour, find the mean and variance of J.
=P (Z<0.15) A1 (for0.15) Hence, find the probability that the total mass of the eight bags
=0.5596 , 0.560 A1 of flour is less than 80 kg. [8]
(i) A~N(10.05, 0.22) B~N(10.05, 0.052)

11. The number of ships which anchor at a port every week for 26 P(A>10) == P ( A−10.05
0.2
> 10−0.2
10.05 ) M1
paricular weeks are as follows. A1
=P (Z> –0.25) = 0.5987
32 28 43 21 35 19 25 45 35 32 18 26 30 10.05 > 10−10.05 )
P(B>10) == P ( B−0.05
26 26 38 42 18 37 49 63 23 40 20 29 46 0.05 M1
(i) Display the data in a stemplot. [2] =P (Z> –1) = 0.8413 A1
(ii) Find the median and interquartile range. [4] P(both more than 10kg)= P(A>10) ×P(B>10)
(iii) Draw a boxplot to represent the data. [3] = 0.5987 ×0.8413 = 0.5037 M1 A1
(iv) State the shape of the frequency distribution. Give a (ii) Let J = A1 + A2 + B1 + B2 + B3 + B4 + B5 + B6 .
reason for your answer. [2]
(i) The number of ships that anchor at a port E(J) = E(A1 + A2 + B1 + B2 + B3 + B4 + B5 + B6)
1 8 8 9 Mean of J = 2 (10.05) + 6 ( 10.05) = 80.4 M1 A1
2 0 1 3 5 6 6 6 8 9 B1
3 0 2 2 5 5 7 8 Var(J) = Var (A1 + A2 + B1 + B2 + B3 + B4 + B5 + B6)
4 0 2 3 5 6 9 Variance of J = 2(0.2)2 + 6 (0.05)2 = 0.095 M1 A1
5
6 3 J ~N(80.4, 0.095) B1
Key : 1|8 means 18 ships B1 and Z= J −80.4
0.095
(ii) Median : r= 12 (26)=13 P(J < 80 ) = P ( J −80.4 < 80−80.4 )
0.095 0.095
M1
y13 + y14 30 + 32
Median = 2
= 2
= 31 B1 = P ( Z < –1.2978) or P ( Z < –1.298) A1
r= 1 (26)=6.5 Q1 =y7= 25 B1 = P ( Z > 1.2978) or P ( Z > 1.298)
4
3
(both = 0.09718 , 0.09714 , 0.0972 , 0.0971 A1
r= 4
(26)=19.5 Q3 =y20= 40 Q)
Interquartile Range = Q3 – Q1 = 40 – 25 M1
= 15 A1 13.
(iii) 1.5(Q3 – Q1)= 22.5
Q1–22.5 = 25–22.5 = 2.5
14.
Q3+22.5 = 40+22.5 = 62.5
Any value ∉(2.5,62.5) is an outlier
63 is an outlier
On graph paper,
D1
o
18 25 31 40 49 63 D1

D1 (box and his median) D1