949791

CLEAN SKY Aeronautics & Air Transport JTI
Application for Associate Member in the Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) Platform
INEGI - Portugal
November 2006
Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)
TABLE OF CONTENT
1. 2. 3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 5. 6. 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.8. 6.9.
PROPONENT IDENTIFICATION SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK AND RELEVANCE Introduction Rationale Proposed Technologies EXISTING EXPERTISE AT INEGI INEGI Research Team for the GRA Platform INEGI Project Leader for the GRA Platform Scientific Production of INEGI Team NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION PROPOSED WORK WITHIN THE GRA PLATFORM Structures and Materials Damage and Fracture Mechanics Numerical Modelling Techniques Experimental Mechanics and Non-Destructive Testing Vibration Analysis and Control Tribology and Maintenance Rapid Prototyping and Rapid Tooling Sheet Metal Forming Technologies Multidisciplinary Design and Manufacturing Optimization
3 4 4 4 5 7 10 10 12 12 13 13 13 15 16 17 18 19 21 22 23 25 28 29 37 39
6.10 INEGI Contribution in the GRA Platform Work Plan 7. PROPOSED BUDGET
ANNEX I Curriculum Vitae of INEGI Leading Scientist ANNEX II Letter of Intent ANNEX III List of R&D Collaborative Projects
INEGI Application for Associate Member in the Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) Platform
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1. PROPONENT IDENTIFICATION INEGI is a private Non-Profit Organization (a University-to-Industry Interface Institute) aiming to contribute to the development of both industry and university, through research and development, demonstration and technology transfer in the areas of conception and project, design, mechanical simulation, materials, production engineering, energy, tribology and industrial maintenance, management and environment. The shareholders of INEGI are the University of Porto (40%), Industrial Associations and SMEs (60%). INEGI activities are focused on Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Management and Information Technology Engineering and its competence is recognized by Portuguese and European entities mainly because of its participation in a great number of successful R&D projects, and specialized services and consultancies to industry. Since its creation in 1986, INEGI has been growing steadily, broadening its area of intervention to almost all areas of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management. More than 1500 projects have been developed over the last 20 years, for public and private companies as well as governmental institutions, under different types of contracts, established according to the nature of the projects and the organisations involved. Whenever necessary and possible, the creation of INEGI/Client combined work teams has been assured, as well as the cooperation with other national and foreign technological infrastructures and support from institutions which are geared towards the funding of R&D and technology transfer activities. In July 1990 INEGI was awarded the status of Institution of Public Utility, and was also recognized as an important organisation for the scientific, Industrial and technological development in Portugal. INEGI staff is composed of some 180 people, 20% of which have a doctoral degree, 60% are graduate scientists and engineers, and the remaining 20% are technicians and administrative. The organizational chart of the Institute is as presented below (Figure 1). Further information about the mission, the organization and the activities of INEGI can be found in the Institute website at http://www.inegi.up.pt.
Figure 1 Organizational Chart of INEGI
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2. SUMMARY Aeronautics and Space are entering a new age - the age of sustainable growth characterized by the need of more affordable, cleaner, quieter, safer air travel and space exploration. New research and development will be essential in responding to this challenge. INEGIInstitute of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management proposes to become an Associate Member of the Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) Platform of the Clean Sky Aeronautics & Air Transport JTI in the 7th Framework Programme of the European Commission. The mission consists of developing fundamental engineering science and associated technologies with application to air and space vehicles, associated systems and components. The work programme is planned in accordance with the goal of strengthening and integrating the GRA Platform initiative and to meet the societys needs for more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly air travel and space exploration. This proposal gathers the expertise of more than 25 PhD senior researchers in the areas of Mechanical Engineering, Aeronautics and Space that have been developing a continued activity of research and development in line with the National and European priority areas of action, supporting industrial partners, regulatory entities, development planning, expert consulting and others, adding in this form to the improvement of technological development, the persecution of the national objectives for policies in science and technology and for a more visible and active involvement in international activities. The matrix of competences of INEGI with respect to the GRA Platform needs, the mission and objectives of the proposed activity of the Institute are described in the following sections. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK AND RELEVANCE 3.1. Introduction Aeronautics and space activities play a vital role in Europes economy and our overall quality of life. However, by its very nature, this activity has impacts on the environment, ranging from air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and water pollution to urban sprawl, all of which impact on our health and well being. Sustainable air travel and space exploration can create viable, long-term economic and business opportunities. The development of new materials, processes, and design innovation technologies presents new strategic growth opportunities in an increasingly competitive global economy. Over the past two decades, new fields of engineering have emerged from a spurt of invention and innovation led by new materials. In particular, the emerging science of multifunctional materials has spurred progress engineering to enhance the performance of structural systems. The new technologies have invited us to revise the engineering rules, not only because they spur new industries but also because they embody a sweeping capacity to lower the weight and cost of designing and manufacturing new structural systems while improving overall performance. The fields of smart structures, advanced composites, alternative propulsion systems and communication, navigation and control capabilities are predicted to be some of key-enabling technologies that will fuel industrial growth in the aeronautics and space sectors in the 21st century. The improved understanding of these technologies and associated processes will be of direct use to the industrial partners. Given its multidisciplinary nature, covering materials
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science, aerodynamics, structures, controls, manufacturing, propulsion and instrumentation, the research will produce results that will directly benefit the purpose of the GRA Platform and the aeronautics and space sectors in Europe. Additionally, it should be noted the contribution of the proposed activities to the development of the national aerospace research and industrial sectors and the fostering of the Portuguese participation in the European common efforts to promote aeronautics and space. 3.2. Rationale The output from INEGIs proposed research program within the GRA Platform will provide basic and applied research to support the development of innovative technologies, focusing on the use of multifunctional materials, through the expansion of knowledge in materials science, controls and instrumentation engineering. In the aeronautics and space engineering fields, the current trends point towards the development and design of more affordable vehicles in terms of cost, more habitable in terms of comfort ride and noise pollution, more survivable and safe in the advent of accidents, and more efficient in terms of air pollution. Figure 2 depicts the requirements that drive the development of new technologies and the basic research needed to realize novel concepts such as morphing , autonomous, all-composite, green, quiet air and space vehicles and platforms.
Affordability, Survivability, Habitability, Manufacturability Integration, Innovation, Safety, Environment, Efficiency
Requirements
Aeronautics and Space

all-composite aircraft morphing aircraft quiet aircraft green aircraft rigidizable and inflatables spacecraft and probes novel configurations autonomous aircraft
Technologies:
Smart structures Composite and metallic structures Joining and repair Structural Integrity Health monitoring Inflatable materials Noise and vibration Robotics Efficient engines Mechatronic systems High lift and drag reduction Crashworthiness
INEGI Capabilities:
Composite materials Mechanical and product design Damage and fracture mechanics Structural analysis and vibrations Tribology & industrial maintenance Testing of materials and products Exp. stress analysis & NDT Multidisciplinary optimization Actuators and sensors Rapid prototyping and tooling Sheet metal forming technologies
Figure 2 Synergy between the needs, the proposed technologies and the research capabilities at INEGI
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(a)-Autonomous Vehicles: Autonomous Unmanned Air and space Air Vehicles (AUVs) growing family of vehicles includes a large number of new technological developments. They can be considered as disruptive because they will revolutionize air and space engineering in many areas. We are looking at novel concepts and configurations for uninhabited air vehicles. Tomorrows avionic systems will control clusters of micro-satellites and swarms of mini and micro AUVs that will fly and work together. Cooperative control will enable swarms to execute coordinated tasks, like search and rescue and fire surveillance. Smart materials research has long been the foundation of studies on smart and adaptive technologies for aerospace vehicles. The unique capabilities of smart materials and structures have inspired numerous innovative concepts that are crucial enablers to adaptive structural morphing, active flow control, simplified mechanisms and a host of other approaches. On the propulsion side, counter flow thrust vectoring is a fluidic technique developed with the dual objective of achieving thrust vectoring without the use of movable parts, and at the same time, avoiding hysteretic behaviour common to fluidic devices. (b)-Green Aircraft: Advances in materials are allowing researchers to evaluate new composite and aluminium possibilities to find the best solutions for durability and cost. Composite materials provide greater durability, reduced maintenance, and increased potential for future development. Interestingly, there is little weight difference between composite and aluminium materials and the cost of the fabricating composite components has become more competitive. It is also possible that sensors will be embedded into the composite structures to monitor the health and help schedule maintenance. Researchers are also looking at incorporating health-monitoring systems that will allow the airplane to self-monitor and report maintenance requirements to ground-based computer systems. Another improvement in efficiency will come in the way the airplane is designed and built. (c)-Quiet Aircraft: Increases in air traffic and growth in populations that surround airports are resulting in a noise impact on a larger percentage of the community and a stronger desire to reduce the noise around airports. There are many sources of noise from current aircraft. The fan blades, by pushing through the air, cause noise by themselves. Once past the fan, the air is split down two different paths, the fan duct and the core duct. The theory of noise generation (aeroacoustics) has to be studied and computer codes to simulate the theory have to be developed. The final goal of this effort is to have computer models for jet noise that will predict the source of the noise and how it is sent into the surrounding air. Theoretical understanding of jet noise is used to develop ideas for noise reduction concepts that are tested in model scale. An approach to noise reduction is the active noise control effort. The primary principle of active noise control is to sense the noise disturbances in the engine and cancel them before they leave the engine. In effect, negative noise is made to cancel out the engine's sound waves so that no noise is heard. This is a multidisciplinary effort involving duct acoustics, controls, and actuator/sensor design. (d)-Morphing Aircraft: Active aeroelastic and morphing aerospace structures are ideal applications for smart materials. A substantial research effort is beginning to be devoted in the field of morphing/active aeroelastic technologies, the vast majority of which is in the USA. There is a major need for the EU to expand its research capabilities in this rapidly developing area, in order to develop new fuel efficient morphing/active aeroelastic aircraft designs which will be able to compete with future US designs. Developing new concepts, as well as enhancing current approaches, will not be enough; the technology is getting mature enough to consider its integration into the overall multidisciplinary aircraft design methodology.
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(e)-All-Composite Aircraft: The increased use of advanced composite materials in aeronautics would lead to major reductions in the operating costs of transport aircraft. The manufacture of an all composite aircraft requires a high level of structural integration leading to important gains in terms of weight savings, and in the reduction of both manufacturing and maintenance costs. Some of the required key technologies required for an all-composite aircraft include design tools for highly-loaded junctions (e.g. wing-to-fuselage), inspection procedures, damage tolerance, repair, crashworthiness, damage monitoring, and architectures with combined functions. (f)-Novel Configurations: Todays commercial transport aircraft present the classical configuration consisting of a fuselage for the cabin, a wing to lift it and horizontal and vertical tail-planes at the rear part of the fuselage for stability and control. This typical configuration is fully adapted to technologies developed in the last decades. Since then several technological improvements are reaching a level of maturity that will allow to perform a novel optimisation of the global architecture of the aircraft, taking advantage of all progress in the domains of aerodynamics, structures, flight controls, multidisciplinary design, etc. Novel aircraft configurations will require validation for lifting and flight stability and control taking into account safety and certification issues. The objective is to demonstrate an increased operational efficiency of civil aircraft incorporating new configurations and technologies in response to market forecasts. Future demand will remain segmented: long and short range, high and low capacity, transonic and super sonic speed, luxury and economy, express service versus scheduled service. Solutions will include those that depend on new approaches; to the use of fixed and rotary wing aircraft, to product design and development and to operating concepts. 3.3. Proposed Technologies The value-added products and processes delineated in the preceding section will require the development of new technologies in order to realize the proposed novel systems. The proposed new technologies include new research and development in the fields of smart structures, composite structures, health monitoring, joining and repair, inflatable and rigidizable materials for application to large space structures, efficient engines, drag reduction and high-lift devices, mechatronic systems, robotics, instrumentation, flight testing, noise and vibration suppression, to name a few. (a)-Smart Structures: In the past decade, technological developments in materials and computer sciences have evolved to the point where their synergistic combination has culminated in a new field of multi-disciplinary research in adaptation. The advances in material sciences have provided a comprehensive and theoretical framework for implementing multi-functionality into materials, and the development of high-speed digital computers has permitted the transformation of that framework into methodologies for practical design and production. Adaptive structures represent a new approach or design philosophy that integrates the actions of sensors, actuators and control circuit elements into a single system that can respond adaptively to environmental changes in a useful manner. These integrated systems possess a functionality that adds significant value to materials, technologies or end-products, which in turn enables system performance enhancements that are not possible with traditional conventional approaches. The European Aerospace Industry is committed to increase the use of advanced composite materials and adaptive or smart structures in primary aircraft and spacecraft structures.
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The key technological developments that have combined to establish the potential feasibility of mechatronic systems and advanced adaptive structures include the development of functional materials and their utilization in devices such as distributed actuators and sensors, and the advent of faster computers, new algorithms and signal processing technologies. The electro-magneto-thermo-mechano-rheological materials have opened up new horizons in terms of actuation simplicity, compactness and miniaturization potential. The most recognized types of materials are shape memory alloys, magnetostrictive materials and piezoelectrics, which develop strains or displacements when exposed to thermal, magnetic and electric fields, respectively. (b)-Composite Structures: The certification process of advanced composite structures relies upon a large number of expensive experimental tests. This fact contributes to the high cost of composite structures. Therefore, the development of design tools based on accurate models that simulate the mechanical behaviour of composite materials is required to reduce the cost of a composite structure. With the advent of novel manufacturing techniques it is possible to define new types of composite structures. Commercial systems for precise placement of prepreg composite tows allow the fabrication of advanced composite structures in which the tows may be precisely laid down along curvilinear paths within a given ply to produce what is called variable stiffness (VS) composite laminates. VS laminates have great potential for improving the structural performance of composite structures in terms of stiffness, buckling, and failure loads. (c)-Health Monitoring: The aircraft industry, one of the most innovative industries, is constantly obliged to introduce new materials and technologies. Structural health monitoring (SHM) in this industry is of fundamental importance from the point of view of weight reduction, for monitoring hot spot areas for early damage detection and to perform crack monitoring. The expected weight reduction may result from a modification in todays damage tolerance philosophy, if the detectable damage sizes can be reduced. There are two main application areas for SHM, the Maintenance and the Design. Within the former the main preoccupations are i) the reduction of inspections, ii) the crack monitoring, iii) the corrosion monitoring, iv) the life extension and v) the early crack detection, most critical in areas with restricted access, with difficulty in applying non-destructive techniques (NDT) and when the load spectra are variable. The latter has as main objectives the improvement of structural efficiency and most of all the saving in the weight. The predicted areas where developments are intended to be focussed are those related to NDT methods for the early detection of faults, i.e., the development of appropriate techniques for accurate damage detection, mainly in composite structures. These will consist essentially on vibration-based methods. (d)-Joining and Repair: Both bonded and bolted joints are extensively used to join the components of aerospace structures. However, due to the stress concentrations created, the joints are a source of weakness and contribute to an excess of weight. Considering that the joints are very often the critical part of a structure, the soundness of their design procedures is reflected on the overall weight and cost of the product. Therefore, reliable and general joint design methods for aerospace structures are required to avoid unnecessary over design and the corresponding weight penalties. The spacecraft structures can be subjected to both low- and high velocity impacts resulting from events such as runway debris or bird impacts. These events may damage a structural component, and repair procedures need to be defined. The procedures typically used to repair structural components are both bonded and bolted patches. Therefore, the novel joining
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technologies to be developed will be relevant for the design of repair procedures for advanced aircraft and spacecraft structures. (e)-Mechatronic Systems: Mechatronics plays an important role in systems design since many technical processes and products in the area of mechanical and electrical engineering are showing and increasing integration of mechanics with computing control and information processing. This integration is between the components (hardware) and by the information driven functions (software) resulting in integrated systems called mechatronic systems. Its development involves finding an optimal balance between the basic mechanical structure, sensors and actuators implementation, automatic information processing and overall control. Thus, formerly mechanical functions are replaced by computer controlled functions, resulting in simpler mechanical structures and increased functionality. This technical progress has a very large impact in the engineering world with particular relevance to aeronautical and space industries. Mechatronic design is essential features in designing new aircrafts and space crafts. Examples of this are the green aircraft that relies on embedded sensors into its composite structures to monitor the health and help maintenance planning, or the quiet aircraft where sensors and actuators are integrated to reduce noise by active means. At technological level mechatronics is the cornerstone to development in smart structures, in health monitoring, noise and vibration control, in developing new sensors and actuators, and robotics systems. (f)-Crashworthiness: The recent Concorde tragedy highlighted that even impacts from so called soft-bodies such as tyre debris or birds can be catastrophic. Most events have less serious consequences, but it is estimated that around 350 fatalities have occurred due to bird strikes, and during 1990-1998, $74m worth of damage was done to US aircraft by impacts with wildlife. High velocity impacts on aircraft due to flying objects and survivable crash landings on different surfaces are complex phenomena because of the high number of variables involved. Such variables include material characteristics of the impacted media, impactors and surfaces at high strain rate, and the interaction between the aircraft structure and the impactors or surfaces. Therefore, aerospace manufacturers rely heavily on tests, supported by empirical equations, for design and certification of aircraft subjected to such impacts. These methods are not only time-consuming and expensive but they lead to conservative design, resulting in a weight penalty and hence an adverse effect on the performance of aircraft. With the developments in software and hardware computing power, it is now becoming more realistic to develop computational methods for predicting the behaviour of aircraft structures subjected to survivable crashes and high velocity impact scenarios. The objective is to develop methods/tools to predict the behaviour of aircraft structures subjected to high velocity impacts. Implementation of such methods will contribute to enhanced safety through damage tolerant aircraft design and the development of crashworthy aircraft concepts. (g)-Noise and Vibration: Vibrations can cause damage due to material fatigue or compromise performance of precision instruments. They pose health risks to humans from industrial noise and potential failure of heavy equipment and structures. Stray vibration may cause misreading and reduced sensitivity in navigational gyroscopes, communication antennas, etc. They can also affect tolerances and surface finish in precision machining due to chatter vibrations in machine tools. Thus, elimination of undesired vibrations is very important from various considerations. Traditionally, vibrations are absorbed through passive methods, which employ isolating springs and dampers. These passive methods are usually unable to provide sufficient bandwidth or attenuation.
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Use of adaptive structure technologies is promising for active vibration damping applications. Adaptive structures either create nullifying disturbances (similar to active noise control) or use piezoelectric ceramics and resonant shunts to dissipate vibration energy. Active vibration control (AVC) differs from active noise control (ANC) since the vibrations which are being damped by AVC are within the structural material, while the vibrations being eliminated are in ANC are in the air (sound). However, the basic principles of ANC can be applied to AVC and the control hardware and software architectures are generally similar in both these adaptive structure technologies. 4. EXISTING EXPERTISE AT INEGI 4.1. INEGI Research Team for the GRA Platform The scientific units of INEGI have a long lasting experience and expertise in most of the subareas of the transports, energy, aeronautics and space, as described in the first part of this document. This expertise results from the involvement in research and development in collaborative projects with national and international partners originating from the public and private sector, collaboration with national and international institutions of excellence in the different fields covered by these areas and in supporting the decision making of public policies. In brief the matrix with the GRA Platform needs and the expertise of the research units involved in INEGI are outlined in Figure-1 above. The names of all senior researchers (PhD) of INEGI, their areas of activity and commitment to the GRA Platform initiative are described in Table-1 below.
Table 1- List of INEGI Senior Researchers that will participate in the GRA Platform initiative Commitment in the GRA Platform (Man-Month) 60
Name
Position
Areas of Activity
Joaquim Silva Gomes
Full Professor & Scientific Coordinator Full Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager
R&D Management Experimental Mechanics Product Design Composite Materials Smart Materials Product Design Tribology/Maintenance Product Design Tribology/Maintenance Surface Engineering Tribology/Maintenance Product Design Experimental Mechanics Product Design Smart Materials Vibrations
Antnio Torres Marques
20
Lus Andrade Ferreira Antnio Monteiro Baptista Jorge Oliveira Seabra Mrio Augusto Pires Vaz Jos Dias Rodrigues
20 20 20 30 20
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Table 1(continued) - List of INEGI Senior Researchers that will participate in the GRA Platform initiative Commitment in the GRA Platform (Man-Month) 20
Name
Position
Areas of Activity
Antnio Mendes Ferreira
Associate Professor & Project Manager Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Full Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Associate Professor & Project Manager Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Associate Professor & Project Manager
Composite Materials Numerical Simulation Composite Materials Smart Materials Experimental Mechanics Composite Materials Experimental Mechanics Composite Materials Fracture Mechanics Optical Techniques Smart Materials Optical Techniques Smart Materials Composite Materials Fracture Mechanics Numerical Techniques Mechanical Simulation Tribology/Maintenance Surface Engineering Materials Engineering Experimental Mechanics Composite Materials Smart Materials Materials Engineering Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing Sheet Metal Forming Materials Engineering Rapid Prototyping Manufacturing Sheet Metal Forming Manufacturing Metal Forming Sheet
Jos Lus Soares Esteves
20
Rui Miranda Guedes Marcelo Ferreira de Moura Joo Manuel Tavares Rui Soares Ribeiro Pedro Camanho Renato Natal Jorge Antnio Aguiar Vieira Carlos Moreira de S Nuno Andr Correia Antnio Barbedo Magalhes Augusto Barata da Rocha Fernando Lino Alves Abel Dias dos Santos Jos Ferreira Duarte Teresa Pereira Duarte Carlos C. Antnio
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Materials Engineering Rapid Prototyping Numerical Techniques Optimization
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Table 1(continued) - List of INEGI Senior Researchers that will participate in the GRA Platform initiative Commitment in the GRA Platform (Man-Month) 20 20 400
Name
Position
Areas of Activity
Catarina Ferreira Castro Lusa Costa Sousa Others
Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Assistant Professor & Senior Researcher Junior Scientists & Technicians
Numerical Techniques Optimization Numerical Techniques Optimization All
4.2. INEGI Project Leader for the GRA Platform Joaquim Silva Gomes, Aggregation, Full Professor (see CV in Annex I) 4.3. Scientific Production of INEGI Team The scientific production in the last five years of the INEGI team involved in the present GRA Platform proposal is summarized in Table-2 below. For a detailed description of the scientific production of the team, please see the Institute website at http://www.inegi.up.pt.
Table 2-Scientific production of INEGI team in the last 5 years
ITEM Books and Chapters of books International Journals National Journals International Conferences National Conferences MSc Theses PhD Theses Reports International Projects - Leaders International Projects - Partners National Projects - Leaders National Projects - Partners Patents and Prototypes Organization of Conferences Editorial Boards
NUMBER 39 156 86 367 195 42 22 75 6 35 41 15 5 21 6
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5. NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION Since its creation in 1986, INEGI has been involved in a considerable number of collaborative projects, under national and international programmes and research networks, many of them funded by the European Commission. Some of INEGI partners in recent collaborative projects and research networks are listed in Table-3 below.
Table 3-List (not exhaustive) of INEGI partners in Collaborative Research Projects and Networks A.BRITO (PT) ADRIA Airways (IT) Aerospatiale (FR) AIRBUS (UK) BAe Systems (UK) BOSCH (DE) BUEHLER (DE) CASA-EADS (SP) CERN (CH) CETIM (FR) CIT (UK) COMTEC (DE) CSL (BE) Deutschland GmbH (DE) EADS (DE) EFACEC (PT) EMPA (CH) ENSAM Bordeaux (FR) ESA (FR) FCT-University of Coimbra (PT) FIAT (IT) Hellenic Aerospace Ind. (GR) IFW Dresden (DE) IMMG (BE) INASMET (SP) INESC-University of Porto (PT) INSA-Lyon (FR) ISL (FR) IST-Lisbon Tech. Univ. (PT) ITO-Univ. Stuttgart (DE) LABEIN (SP) LEICA Optics (DE/PT) Lufthansa Technik (DE) Messier-Bugatti (FR) MIT (USA) MONITION (UK) Nanyang Tech. University (SG) NASA (USA) NOLIAC (DK) Nottingham Univ. (UK) OGMA (PT) ONERA (FR) PSA (FR) RENAULT (FR) SAGEM SD (FR) Salvador Caetano IMVT (PT) SAMTECH (BE) SKODA Vyzkum (CZ) TAP-Portugal (PT) TEKNIKER (SP) THALES (FR) TNO (NL) TUDelft (NL) UA-University of Aveiro (PT) UM-University of Minho (PT) University Carlos III (SP) University of Paderbon (DE) University of Toronto (CA) VIDROPOL (PT) VULCANO-BOSCH (PT)
A non-exhaustive list of National and International Collaborative Projects in which INEGI has been involved in the recent past is presented in Annex III. 6. PROPOSED WORK WITHIN THE GRA PLATFORM 6.1. Structures and Materials Technological Relevance: The increased use of composite and smart materials and structures in the next generation of aircraft and spacecraft depends on the in-depth knowledge of the mechanical behaviour of these materials. The deficiencies in the knowledge about the material response and the absence of appropriate models representing the mechanical behaviour of advanced composites have negative effects on the recurring and non-recurring cost of composite structures used in spacecraft. The non-recurring costs are currently too high due to the requirement of experimentally validating a composite structure at all stages of product development (building-block approach). The recurring costs are also affected by the use of
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high safety factors when designing a composite structure that lead to excess weight. Considering that most composite structures are strength critical, damage tolerance analyses are also emerging requirements. The research team has been contributing over the last years to the understanding of the mechanical behaviour of advanced composites in the context of several Research and Development (R&D) programmes and international collaboration. New trends call for the implementation of fiber reinforced composites, because of their design versatility, low weight and high mechanical performance tailorable to the industrial requirements. Structural pieces fabricated by pre-preg technology, which started to replace heavy metallic parts over the past fifty years, are now being replaced by components manufactured by new methodologies called Liquid Composite Moulding (LCM) processes. Among them, Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM), Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) and Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI), belong to the group of low injection pressure processing techniques. RTM turned out to be already a successful closed mould technology for small composite products in large series. However, when large products in smaller series are required, demands on further cost reduction are becoming crucial. Then VARTM and VARI, happen to be more attractive, as they require only one rigid mould face and can be processed under room temperature. In summary, level of confidence to LCM manufacturing is still low and the risk of failure during production is considered high. Reliable flow simulation software could remove this opinion and is also inevitable in determination of an optimal injection strategy. Research Expertise: INEGI research group for this project has demonstrated considerable experience in the area of structures and materials, with a broad ranging research background in adaptive composites with distributed piezoelectric actuators and sensors, development and testing of fiber reinforced composites. The research output from the group has been excellent for the past 5 years including the publication of several books, chapters in books and more than 30 papers in refereed international journals. The research members have also either led or participated in a considerable number of national and international projects in this area. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Development of reliable resin flow simulation software with correct implementation of the capillary effects, suitable for mesolevel simulations and capable to replicate void formation physics. Capillary action implementation brings numerical difficulties when continuous Galerkin method is used. This will be overcome by post-processing of the frontal velocities yielding superior convergence results. Further, temperature and fibers dislocation influence will be examined; the latter will be accessed through the concept of deformable porous media. Experimental validation will deal with the basic mesolevel situations. The technology will be learned, specimens will be prepared in a way to represent geometries used in the numerical simulations. Transparent moulds and high speed vision system on one hand and newly developed by Dutch investigators sensors on the other hand will be used to track experimentally the resin advance inside as well as in between the fiber tows. Development of numerical models for linear and non-linear analysis of laminated plate/shells with piezoelectric or magnetorestritive structures, using higher order shear deformation models (HSDT) and layerwise models by displacement and mixed formulation. Development of control models to carry out active vibration suppression and shape control.
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Implementation of genetic or simulated annealing algorithms in order to carry out structural optimization of adaptive structures considering continuous and discrete design variables, for the sizing and location of active (sensors and actuators) and passive dampers. Development of a combined numerical/experimental method for the identification of mechanical, electro and magneto properties of smart laminates, by inverse techniques based on analytical sensitivities and non-linear mathematical programming and by artificial neural networks.
6.2. Damage and Fracture Mechanics Technological Relevance: Due to the high specific stiffness of advanced composite materials, composite structures are very often strength critical, rather than stiffness critical as usual in metallic structures. Therefore, the design of composite structures must take into account the onset and propagation of the different damage mechanisms occurring in a composite material. Furthermore, damage tolerance analysis need to be performed during the service life of a composite structure. Taking into account the complexity of the onset and interaction of the damage mechanisms occurring in advanced composites (e.g. matrix cracks, fibre fracture), structural integrity analyses of composite materials need to be performed using a combination of Continuum Damage Mechanics and Fracture Mechanics. Research Expertise: INEGI researchers have been contributing over the last years to the understanding of the damage mechanisms and fracture of both advanced composites and metallic structures in the context of several Research and Development (R&D) programmes and international collaboration. INEGI has been involved in R&D projects in collaboration with NASA Langley Research Centre (NASA-LaRC) since 2000. The topics addressed were the development of novel decohesion finite elements for the simulation of delamination in composites, new failure criteria for intralaminar damage (LaRC04 failure criteria), and new continuum damage models for laminated composites. The technologies developed had a clear impact on the industry and services: as a result of the INEGI-NASA collaboration, and of the successful transfer of the technologies developed to the industry and services, the INEGINASA research team (Dr. Pedro Camanho, and others) was recently nominated by NASALangley Research Centre for the Richard T. Whitcomb Aerospace Technology Transfer Award. INEGI researchers have also been involved in R&D projects in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA). In the context of such projects, INEGI researchers are developing the design methods for the mechanical joints used in the main composite structure of the Ariane V launcher. The design methodologies will be implemented in ESAs design handbook. The research performed at INEGI is supported by composite manufacturing equipment, servo hydraulic test machines, special test rigs and instrumentation systems, and computational resources. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Experimental investigation of size effects in composite materials loaded in transverse tension, in-plane shear, and transverse compression. Experimental investigation of the relaxation of residual thermal strains in multidirectional laminated composites.
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Development of advanced constitutive models able to represent the onset and interaction of intralaminar damage (e.g. matrix transverse cracks) and interlaminar damage (delamination). Development of mesh-independent Finite Element Models implementing the proposed constitutive models. Experimental validation of the proposed technologies.
6.3. Numerical Modelling Techniques Technological Relevance: Recently, the limitations of conventional computational methods, such as classical finite elements, became apparent. There are many problems of industrial interest which cannot be easily treated with these classical mesh-based methods: for example, the simulation of manufacturing processes such as extrusion where it is necessary to deal with extremely large deformation of the mesh or simulations of failure where the modelling of the propagation of cracks with arbitrary and complex pats is needed. The underlying structure of the classical mesh-based methods, which is strongly dependent on their reliance on a mesh, is not ideally suited for the treatment of discontinues that not coincide with original mesh edges. The objective of mesh-free methods is to eliminate at least part of the mesh dependency structure by constructing the approximation entirely in terms of nodes. The application of the new numerical techniques is promising mainly in areas where the traditional finite element solution are difficult or even impossible, namely in problems with free surfaces and moving discontinuities. The research and development of these new numerical techniques may allow the simulation of the filling of moulds in polymer flow or in casting of metals, where it is necessary to track at each instant the moving free surface of the joining of different free surfaces. Research Expertise: INEGI researchers have more than 20 years of research in numerical techniques (finite differences, finite element method, meshless methods, etc) in solid mechanics with many PhD and MSc theses concluded, papers published in the most important international journals and many projects in this field. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Analyse the behaviour of mesh-free methods and its comparison with finite element method in some industrial applications. Determine in which situations mesh-free methods can be advantageous (in comparison with finite element method). Study of some problems related to the Element Free Galerkin (EFG) method, namely volumetric locking (especially in 3D problems) and shear locking (in shell and plate structures). Develop new formulations based on EFG method, in order to avoid or alleviate the volumetric locking, Study and develop these new formulations for thin shell structures (in order to attenuate the shear locking), including isotropic and anisotropic nonlinearities. Promote the use of these new numerical methods on the virtual prototyping processes of industrial parts.
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6.4. Experimental Mechanics and Non-Destructive Testing Technological Relevance: Experimental techniques are very important tools not only for numerical modelling validation but also for prototypes inspection and for structural integrity diagnosis. In fact, by using the appropriate experimental techniques, relevant information, concerning the structural behaviour of structures and parts, can be obtained. The combined use of experimental and numerical techniques, by which experimental data are introduced in the numerical routines for stress calculation, have a great potential. This method of structural analysis is known as hybrid technique; it leads to a considerable improvement on the final result accuracy and to a very significant reduction of the calculation time in the numerical modelling. This methodology can be very useful for development of new structures and machines and also for its inspection and monitoring. From the many experimental techniques available, image techniques, like holographic and Moir interferometry and image correlation, have nowadays a leading position in this area. They are non-destructive, extremely sensitive and reliable and the obtained experimental data can easily be converted in a digital form for automatic data acquisition and processing. Every year new research & development, national and international, projects are submitted to improve the available experimental techniques and implement new applications. One important example is the development of new inspection techniques in composite materials by using optical methods. This inspection methodology was developed during the last decade and is now ready to be used as an important tool in aeronautic industry. Experimental methods are now facing important challenges in new areas of research like: nanotechnologies, smart structures, high performance composites and also in areas like structural inspection and monitoring. Using the new equipment available and more powerful data acquisition and processing devices new techniques and applications are being developed and implemented. Image techniques lead to field measurements were gradients and abnormal behaviours are easily detected, so important effort is dedicated to its development. New detectors and new illumination sources like IR, Ultra Sounds and X-ray detection, allow the construction of new devices which may be applied in the quality control of structures and components. Research Expertise: The INEGI proponent group has more than twenty years of experience in the use of experimental techniques for engineering applications, in different activities like consulting, inspection of structures and other services for mechanical design support. It has been involved in many R&D National and International Projects, Transference of Technology and Advanced Education activities. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Development of image methods for characterization of residual stress fields and structural integrity inspection. Design and construction of new prototypes for 3D shape characterization based on image processing techniques associated to structured light illumination. New algorithms and illumination devices will be developed. Based on existing software new routines will be implemented for 3D vision, image segmentation, identification and following of geometries obtained from deformed bodies. New industrial and medical applications of digital vision will be investigated. Development of NDT non contact techniques based on laser illumination and IR detection. In the second case impulse and sinusoidal excitation will be studied.
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Implementation of new techniques to study transient phenomena in metallic and composite parts. Pulsed lasers and high acquisition rate cameras will be used to obtain the image records, and TV-holography, Moir and image correlation techniques will be used to assess the dynamic displacement fields. New image processing algorithms will be implemented, based on neuronal networks and fuzzy logic, for image interpretation. These new routines will be used for automatic detection of defects and to improve the interpretation of images obtained with displacements measurement. Development of techniques for the characterization of the dynamic behaviour of materials under compression, tension and bending loads. These techniques will be used to study isotropic and non-isotropic materials. Implementation of set-ups to investigate the dynamic behaviour of adaptive components integrating sensors and actuators. Optical fibres and PZTs will be used as sensors being the actuators built with PZT fed with an appropriate signal. Development of laser pulsed techniques based on Nd:YAG and Ruby lasers illumination and double and multiple high speed video image recordings. Design and construction of new equipment for experimental measurements and non destructive inspection.
6.5. Vibration Analysis and Control Technological Relevance: Active and passive vibration control mechanisms in structures are effective solutions to control and reduce dynamic effects in light and flexible structures, such as high vibration levels and noise emission, and to extend working life of mechanical parts under cyclic loading or impact. The usual configuration of smart structures contains a system of piezoelectric sensors that convert the strains of the structure into electric signals. These signals are fed into a controller that in turn activate a system of piezoelectric actuators in order to modify in real-time the structure response to external excitation. The most widely exploited application of the smart structure technology is active vibration control or active damping. The application of viscoelastic layers on light structures can provide a simple and reliable passive damping mechanism, particularly efficient under specific conditions of vibration. The damping treatments with viscoelastic layers can be applied on the surface of the vibrating structure, with or without a constraining layer, or integrated in the structure constituting a sandwich material. These treatments are widely used in the aeronautical and aerospace industry, where they are the prime solution of passive damping treatments of light and large structures. Vibration control in adaptive structures can be achieved with segmented surface-bonded piezoelectric sensors and actuators coupled by a controller. Designing and analysing practical smart structures and selecting the positions of the piezoelectric patches require the use of reliable models combined with adequate numerical techniques to simulate the dynamical behaviour. The numerical models must take into account the coupled electro-mechanical effects induced in the structure and incorporate an algorithm of control. The damping mechanism of the passive treatments with viscoelastic layers is closely related to the high shear deformation that occurs in the viscoelastic layer as a result of the constraining effect of the adjacent layers. Thus, the numerical model must describe accurately the deformation of the dissipative layer and represent correctly the viscoelastic material properties. As the active mechanisms of vibration control are more efficient in the low frequency range and the passive
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ones in the high frequencies, the main purpose of this action is the development and characterisation of hybrid mechanisms combining piezoelectric patches and viscoelastic materials leading to an efficient mechanism in a broadband frequency. Research Expertise: The INEGI proponent group has more than 20 years of research and development in the fields of Vibration Analysis and Modal Analysis. Participation in a considerable number of international and national R&D projects. Many MSc and PhD Thesis concluded, and more than 50 technical papers in international journals and conferences. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Modeling and experimental validation of passive damping treatments achieved with superficial or embedded viscoelastic layers; Development of multi-layer and multi-material viscoelastic damping treatments for broadband temperature applications; Numerical and experimental investigation of the parametric effects of the viscoelastic layers, material properties and treatment configuration on the vibration damping; Development and experimental validation of a finite element to model the active vibration control of adaptive structures with piezoelectric patches with sensing and actuating capabilities; Numerical investigation of the effectiveness of classical and optimal control strategies to suppress vibrations in adaptive structures with piezoelectric patches; The parametric effects of the localization, shape and dimensions of piezoelectric sensors and actuators and control parameters on the vibration control of adaptive structures under sine and multi-sine excitation; Modeling, development and testing of hybrid vibration control mechanisms combining piezoelectric patches and viscoelastic layers. 6.6. Tribology and Maintenance Technological Relevance: The need for a reduction of power dissipation in mechanical components requires the substitution of petrol oils (in order to reduce CO2 emissions) by new compatible low viscosity (reduce fuel consumption) biodegradable gear oils based on native polioesters or water based polialquilen glycols, eliminating toxic tribo-reactive additives (reduce particulate emissions). In many applications, the protection/performance provided by standard lubricant additives must be replaced by tribo-reactive materials and surface coatings. The development of low friction coatings and the analysis of their properties and performance are of major importance and will demand a systematic use of nanotechnologies. These new tribological systems will have different performances and will impose a complete revision and update of maintenance practice. Low viscosity lubricants generate very low film thickness between the contacting surfaces in mechanical components. Thus, new models must be developed for the mixed film and boundary EHD lubrication regimes, taking into account the surface roughness interaction, lubricant rheological properties and contact temperature. These models are of major importance for the prediction of contact fatigue and scuffing in gear teeth. The innovative approach is to consider a system problem and not a lubricant problem: The role of toxic EP/AW additives (C, S-Zn, ) will be taken by the use of self-lubricating triboreactive
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materials such as the Austempered Ductile Iron or using low friction self-lubricating surface coatings. New environmental friendly greases based on polyurea thickners are of major interest for rolling bearing and ball-screw applications. These new biodegradable greases require extensive evaluation of the performance of mechanical components lubricated with them and also the establishment of reliable procedures to analyse contaminated grease samples for the condition monitoring of such mechanical components. As in most electro-mechanical devices, the tribological contacts set the technological limits of surfaces, the relation between reliability and tribology is of great importance, as it is for maintenance strategies too. Research Expertise: The INEGI proponent group has more than 20 years of research and development in the field of Tribology: Participation in many international 26 national R&D projects, 25 MSc and 8 PhD thesis concluded, and more than 70 technical papers in international journals and conferences, collaboration with many European research laboratories and industrial companies. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Development of a mixed film EHD lubrication model taking into account the roughness and friction interaction between the contacting surfaces, the lubricant rheological properties and the contact temperature. Modelisation of the contact fatigue behaviour of gear teeth considering a mixed film EHD lubrication model and cumulative contact fatigue damage model (e.g. Dang-Van), correlated with experimental results from gear contact fatigue tests. Development of a boundary film EHD lubrication model taking into account the lubricant rheological parameters, the contact temperature and the surface roughness of the contacting surfaces. Modelisation of the scuffing behaviour of gear teeth considering a boundary EHD lubrication model and local scuffing criteria (dissipated energy, film breakdown), correlated with experimental results from gear scuffing tests. Experimental characterisation of the contact fatigue properties of low friction high resistance tribo-reactive materials, such as the Austempered Ductile Iron, and its application to aeronautical gears. Development of additive free biodegradable oil and grease lubricants and their application to gears made of tribo-reactive materials (ADI) and to steel gears coated with low friction surface coatings (MoST and Carbon-Chromium). Experimental contact fatigue behaviour of rolling bearings lubricated with additive free biodegradable greases; Influence of grease contamination on the contact fatigue life of rolling bearings. Condition monitoring of large bore / low speed rolling bearings, lubricated with biodegradable greases. Design, manufacturing and testing of a high speed rolling bearing test rig, with load, speed, temperature and torque control. Development of design strategies to include the tribological data in the reliability analysis. Development of maintenance strategies that are based in condition monitoring of components and equipments.
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6.7. Rapid Prototyping and Rapid Tooling Technological Relevance: The rapid development and the easy accessibility to CAD programs associated to the Rapid Prototyping (RP) and Rapid Tooling (RT) technologies are fundamental to answer present companies demands. In fact, in recent years companies are continuously under a tremendous pressure to reduce the time to market of their new high quality products. To answer this goal, the Design and Product Development departments have to use CAD programs, RP and RT systems to manufacture prototypes of parts or/and tools to produce pre series of the products under development. RP and RT machines can be used to fulfil this objective, but these equipments are very expensive and use a limited range of materials, which makes the necessity to associate them to conversion technologies such as: moulds in silicone and resins, ceramic and plaster moulding, investment casting processes, etc., to reduce costs and to produce prototypes in the same materials as the final products. The aim of rapid prototyping and rapid tooling systems is to anticipate the overall development and production process of new products to the early project stages, in order to reduce the time to market and to avoid expensive design changes in advanced stages of the product development. The goal is to get the prototype in the same material and manufacturing process of the production parts. It is noticeable that rapid prototyping technologies allows the production of parts of any geometry and complexity and so, they can exhibit potential to compete with traditional CNC machining that, at present, dominates the wide tool manufacturing market. Another advantage is the possibility to get, directly embedded in the mould, conformal cooling lines that allow reducing injection-moulding cycle times. Using rapid tooling processes it is possible to rapidly obtain prototype working tools to produce the first prototypes or pre-series, by different manufacturing processes, in a faster and cheaper way than the traditional machining processes. The great interest for these technologies has been revealed in numerous projects that are being developed all over the industrial countries (United States, Europe and Asia), in universities, laboratories and companies whose policy, sometimes, is not trading, but to get strategic advantages over their competitors. The main advantages of these precision foundry processes are: high dimensional stability, easy collapsibility, high resistance to thermal shock and accurate details reproduction (finger prints and leather textures, for example), and good surface quality and speed (when compared with traditional machining). As indirect rapid tooling processes, and even as a production tooling, the production of metallic tools by ceramic or plaster moulding and ceramic shells can be much more promising than direct rapid tooling processes such as SLSm from DTM and DMLS from EOS. Research Expertise: The INEGI proponent group has more than 20 years of work in the field of foundry and more than 10 years in the fields of rapid prototyping, rapid tooling and conversion technologies, where different types of national and international projects were developed, and the technologies developed where transferred to the industry. The team has developed its own technology of investment casting for aluminium and other non-reactive alloys. This technology is being used to produce functional prototypes and parts for the automotive industry and other applications for Portuguese, German and other industries. A considerable amount of papers where published in national and international conferences and in journals of the speciality. One book about Rapid Prototyping, Rapid Tooling and Conversion Technologies was also published.
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Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Improve the State-of-Art in the Rapid Prototyping and Rapid Tooling areas and Conversion Technologies. Supply the companies involved in GRA consortium with the necessary knowledge to produce advanced parts for aeronautical industry with new designs and in a short period of time (reduce the time to market). The tools manufactured will be used to produce functional prototypes or pre-series through final different manufacturing processes such as plastics injection, sheet metal forming, die casting, etc. Starting with rapid prototyping techniques, such as stereolitography (SL), laminated object manufacturing (LOM) or traditional model manufacturing techniques (reproduction with polymeric filled resins or silicones), develop a rapid tooling process based on polymeric matrix composites and metal spray surface layers to produce composite tools. Metallic fillers allow significant improvement in the resin thermal conductivity, while small amounts of milled fibres enhance the wear resistance, with little changes in the processability and in the allowed aluminium concentration in the resin matrix. A metallic sprayed layer on the external surface of the composite can be applied in some types of moulds and significantly reduce the thermoplastic injection cycle. Use ceramic and plaster moulding and ceramic shells (investment casting process) to produce metallic parts or tools. The metallic parts/tools are obtained by directly pouring different types of metals (aluminium, copper, zinc, reactive alloys and others) into precision ceramic or plaster moulds and ceramic shells. Manufacture ceramic shells for reactive alloys, using binders and ceramics based on calcium or ytria stabilized zirconia and other materials. Develop the whole technology, from the melting under vacuum or controlled atmosphere to the finishing and control of prototypes and parts. All the casting process will be accomplished with the simulation of feeding and solidification in order to produce cast moulds/parts with adequate mechanical properties. 6.8. Sheet Metal Forming Technologies Technological Relevance: Sheet metal forming is an industrial process strongly dependent on numerous interactive parameters. In the last few years, metal forming simulation, using FE methods, brought new advances to this technology, allowing the prediction of most industrial problems (spring-back, buckling, necking, etc.) New materials introduced by automotive and aeronautical companies, for fuel consumption reduction, like new aluminium alloys, also brought new challenges that need a better description of material behaviour, through more efficient plasticity models, with new yield criteria, hardening laws, texture phenomenon, etc. The purpose of this action is to exchange and strengthen knowledge and experience about recent metal forming developments, for educational and technology transfer actions. The proposed activity plan intends to strengthen the development of several subjects related with metal forming processes and particularly with sheet metal area. Such subjects include the development of capabilities in numerical modelling using the FE method applied to metal forming processes; to encourage its application to industries by technology transfer; to provide education and training in metal forming technology to technicians and engineers. The
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research group has a wide experience in European and International Projects with industrial companies and Universities. Moreover, the participation in national research projects with Portuguese companies has lead to successful state-of-the-art products exported to Europe, USA and South America. Research Expertise: The INEGI proponent group has a wide experience in European and International Projects with industrial companies and Universities. Moreover, the participation in national research projects with Portuguese companies has lead to successful state-of-the-art products exported to Europe, USA and South America. The group has more than 20 years of work in the field of sheet metal forming, with a strong connection to European and Japanese research groups and companies, having participated in several European and International projects (Brite-Euram, IMS, etc.). A considerable number of papers has been published in national and international conferences and in journals of the speciality. The group has published more than six books about sheet metal forming. Technical Activities: The following activities and related objectives will be contemplated: Develop R&D and training activities in the field of Sheet Metal Forming Technologies, with direct application for the GRA Platform initiative. Use numerical modelling tools and the Finite Element Method to save time and money in the process of product development of metal forming components. This is very much related with application of new materials, the current short product cycles, competitiveness, reduction of experimental try-out, etc. However, this area still needs developments in order to get correct predictions. Such developments include, for example: implementation of better and updated mechanical models to characterize materials; the prediction of the correct geometry of the stamping tools, which compensates spring back and reduces or eliminates the need for experimental tool correction and try-out. Use new tooling materials. This is particularly important in the production of low volume series (10-10.000 parts). Alternative tooling materials like polyurethane or wood for producing sheet metal tools may give opportunity for low tooling costs as well as small lead time, and there is a need only to overcome lack of know-how on its processing and also its wear durability related to required product geometry, material and expected production volume. This subject may also be related with the development of the concept of rapid tooling and rapid prototyping. Education and training of metal forming technology, as well as its numerical modelling to both technicians and engineers. 6.9. Multidisciplinary Design and Manufacturing Optimization Technological Relevance: The design of complex engineering systems requires the involvement of several teams of specialists in different disciplines each dependent on the work of the other groups. Furthermore with the increasing demand on system capabilities and dependability not only the product complexity increases but also the analyses required from each involved discipline should be more reliable and based on more complex and accurate design/analysis tools. These added complexities not only promote higher team specialization, with the consequent difficulties in communication, and data interchange, but also increases the involved disciplines interdependency.
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Single design/single discipline design methodologies could not successfully tackle such type of complexities. On the other hand Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) is a methodology specifically developed to tackle this type of difficulties in the design of complex engineering systems. It relies on optimization methods to coherently exploit the synergism of the mutually interacting engineering fields involved in the design problem. Design and development of aeronautics and aerospace systems and structures is probably one of the areas were this difficulties are more apparent and this probably justifies why it is the area were more effort has been putted in the development of MDO as an effective design tool. Aeronautic and aerospace systems are formed not only by various highly interacting subsystems but also involving several scientific/technical areas. Here, besides the strong interdependency of the different subcomponents involved in the structure/system, the design process involves various disciplines such as, structures, propulsion, control and aerodynamics, requires complex analysis and the design variables are numerous and interdisciplinary. This makes the development of MDO methodologies for the design of aerospace structures and systems a crucial step for a successful effort. Research Expertise: INEGI research group has an extensive experience with the development of optimization methodologies for single and multidisciplinary problems. The group has developed and applied these methodologies to the project of aerospace and mechanical structures, design of composite and cellular materials, smart and adaptive structures, manufacturing processes, etc. These methodologies and expertise have been developed in a single and multidisciplinary context and have been decisive in the group active involvement in several national and international and European projects. The research group has also an important experience in the organization of scientific meetings and workshops in MDO. Technical Activities: MDO methodologies are crucial for the development of the different technologies and its successful integration into the systems and/or structures. So MDO in INEGI is a horizontal activity area where a strong part of the development will be the synergetic integration of the research activity in the other areas. Besides the horizontal efforts there are specific developments still required to extend MDO into a methodology to tackle practical aeronautical engineering design problems within the GRA Platform initiative, namely: Optimization Algorithms: Development of reliable optimization tools either gradient based, stochastic (e.g. genetic algorithms, evolutionary algorithms) or hybrid for single and multi-objective optimization problems. Sensitivity analysis: Development of sensitivity analysis tools to characterize the design influence on the state variables or on the system response (e.g. stresses, frequencies ) and taking into account the problems interdisciplinary. Parallel/distributed computing methodologies: Development of parallel and/or distributed computing methodologies in the different disciplinary models to decrease the time and the hardware capabilities required for the different analysis. Integration of disciplinary simulation tools: Development of data management structures that permit common treatment of different geometric models, model interchange of information and integrated data analysis processing. Applications to structural and manufacturing processes within the GRA Platform initiative.
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6.10. INEGI Contribution in the GRA Platform Work Plan In brief, the matrix with the needs of the Work Plan in the GRA Platform and the expertise available in INEGI are outlined in Table 4 below.
Table 4 Expertise at INEGI versus needs in the GRA Platform Work Plan
GREEN REGIONAL AIRCRAFT (GRA) PLATFORM

WP 1.3 A/C Level Requirements/ Architectures WP 1.3.1 Low Weight requirements and architectures WP 1.3.1.1 LWC DR&O WP 1.3.1.2 Requirements for LWC implementation. Architectures
INEGI
Airlines requirements and expectations. Airworthiness. Weight reduction targets Requirements of implemantation from viewpoint of manufacturing process and assembly lines. Structural integrity, weight saving, functionalities other than mechanical, general aircraft environment. Required development and demonstration structural testing. Alternate architectures.
WP 1.3.2 Low Noise requirements and architectures WP 1.3.2.1 Overall requirements and architectures WP 1.3.2.2 Wing movables requirements and architectures WP 1.3.2.3 Landing gear and landing gear installation requirements and architectures WP 1.3.2.4 Requirements and architectures deriving from other criteria- aero efficiency, load alleviation
At aircraft level, for different generic regional aircraft configurations. Starting from current best practice, for concepts with/without slat . Starting from current best practice.

Starting from typical control surfaces and high-lift system configurations of regional aircraft, by considering both concepts with/without slat, including adaptive profile concepts.
WP 2.3 WP 2.3.1
Enabling Technologies Technologies for low-weight Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBG), FBG on surface,Embedded, in special composite strucure configuration; Acoustic Ultrasonic, AU technologies for damage size determination; Acoustic Emission, Transducer technology (design develop and evaluate the sensing/actuation technology). Processing unit technology. Prepreg,RFI,RTM,LRI, dry tow fibres placement,low temperature cure resin for FBG,AU, AE manufacturing process optimisation.
WP 2.3.1.1 Enabling sensors Technologies
WP 2.3.1.2 Enabling manufaturing Technologies for layer
- Primary interest/Full expertise ; - Secondary interest/Partial expertise ; - No interest/No expertise
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WP 2.3.1.3 Enabling Technologies for multilayer Development of the technology for the defined multilayer / multifunctional material. Definition and manufacturing of coupons and panels, sensors application,test and process validation Prepreg,RFI,RTM,LRI, dry tow fibres placement,low temperature cure resin for FBG,AU, AE manufacturing processes. . Methods for damage prediction, Impact force prediction and force location, FEM of Stiffened panels, Damage Detection, Optimised Sensors Distribution. Manufacturing process validation of the available nano-technologies for Multifunctional Materials. Nano addition of graphene, nanotube, metal cluster, silicate and strain control to be investigated towards minimum weight. Flammability, damping, lightning, humidity control functions. Asses repair technologies of multilayer and sensorized aircraft structures. Concept assesment including: a) numerical analyses and aero-acoustic measurements on a wing 2-D model tested in a small WT facility; b) feasibility studies of the flap deployment mechanism; c) feasibility studies of the trailing edge compliant mechanism and actuation system; d) feasibility studies of the complete system (surfaces, actuators, mechanisms, sensors,..) in a multi phisic view . Assessment of alternative technologies from landing gear manufacturers Concept assessment including: a) qualitative evaluation based on aerodynamic (flow visualisation) and aeroacoustic numerical analyses and WTT on simplified models; Multidisciplinary methods for complex systems design and multiphisic simulations;
INEGI
WP 2.3.1.4 Enabling manufaturing Technologies for multilayer WP 2.3.1.5 Enabling Methodologies for design (damage control)
WP 2.3.1.6 Enabling Technologies for Nanomaterials
WP 2.3.1.7 Enabling technologies for Maintenance WP 2.3.2 Technologies for low-noise WP 2.3.2.1 Technologies for low-noise wing movables
WP 2.3.2.2 Technologies for low-noise landing gear system WP 2.3.2.3 Technologies for low-noise landing gear installation
WP 2.3.2.4 Methods and tools for design and optimisation WP 3.3 Application Studies WP 3.3.1 Application Studies for low-weight WP 3.3.1.1 Ranking of applicable technologies WP 3.3.1.2 Technical solutions for Regional A/C
Feasible structural solutions complying with requirements. Selection of feasible solutions for different types of structures and geographic locations on aircraft

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WP 3.3.1.3 Tech. solutions for Demonstration WP 3.3.2 Application Studies for low-noise based on previous 'concepts assessment' and including considerations (and/or preliminary analysis) about impact on aerodynamic performance and flight control, structures, materials, weight, systems, reliability, etc. Structural solutions to be demonstrated in ground and flight tests
INEGI
WP 3.3.2.1 Ranking of applicable technologies
WP 3.3.2.2 Technical Solutions for Regional Aircraft WP 3.2.2.2.1 Application of wing movables low-noise technologies
WP 3.2.2.2.2 Application of landing gear lownoise technologies WP 3.3.2.3 Technical Solutions for Flight Demonstrator WP 3.3.2.3.1 Wing movables low-noise solutions for Flight Demonstrator WP 4.2 Definition Demonstration for GRA WP 4.2.1 Definition of Flight Demonstration WP 4.2.2 Definition of Ground Demonstration WP 4.2.3 Definition of iron bird Demonstration WP 4.2.4 Definition of Wind Tunnel Demonstration WP 5.1 Preparation of in flight Demonstration for GRA WP 5.2 Prep. of Ground Test Demo. for GRA WP 5.3 Prep. of Iron Bird Demo. for GRA
a)-MDO based design using optimizer(s) linked to several analysis modules (aeroacoustics, aerodynamics, aero-elasticity, etc.) for 2D WTT b)-Aerodynamic and aero-acoustic 2-D wind-tunnel testing c)Trade-off studies based on aerodynamic and aero-acoustic numerical analyses and tests, using a multidisciplinary approach and considering the full set of requirements d)-Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic tests on wind-tunnel large-scale half-model of baseline and modified wing configurations equipped with low-noise high-lift system, ailerons, low-noise edge devices, low-noise treatments. structural/systems installation studies using concepts and technologies validated previously
including requirements deriving from other functions low weight, low noise, energy management low weight actuation for low noise configurations; flight simulation for M&TM low noise (wing and landing gear), new aircraft configurations low weight, low noise, energy management/all electric aircraft low weight Actuation for low noise configurations; flight simulation for M&TM

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WP 5.4 Prep. of Wind Tunnel Demonstration for GRA WP 6.1 In flight Demonstration for GRA WP 6.2 Ground Test Demonstration for GRA WP 6.3 Iron Bird Demonstration for GRA WP 6.4 Wind Tunnel Demonstration for GRA WP 7 Analysis and Final Reporting for GRA low noise (wing and landing gear), new aircraft configurations Low weight, low noise, management/all electric aircraft low weight actuation for low noise configurations; flight simulation for M&TM low noise (wing and landing gear), new aircraft configurations energy
INEGI

7. PROPOSED BUDGET For the calculation of the Budget, the average Man/Month Rate for INEGI personnel is 10.000,00 Euro. Using the same model as in previous projects within the 5th and 6th EC Framework Programs, the cost model to be applied for the Institute is full cost, which means that, like for most of the industrial partners, the funding requested from the EC is only 50% of the budget allocated to INEGIs participation. Accordingly to the man-month allocation given in Table-1 above, the total budget proposed for INEGI is of the order of 10M for the whole period of 7 years, 50% of which will be self funding.
Porto-Portugal, 26th October 2006
Joaquim Silva Gomes (Scientific Coordinator)
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ANNEX I CURRICULUM VITAE OF THE LEADING SCIENTIST
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CURRICULUM VIT
JOAQUIM FRANCISCO SILVA GOMES
Identification: Name: Joaquim Francisco da Silva Gomes Place and Date of Birth: Porto, 10th January 1948 Nacionality: Portuguese; Identity Card No.: 849982 (Porto 2004/11/08) Private address: Rua de lvaro de Casteles, 455 2 C, 4200-046 Porto Telefone: +351 91 725 8950
Institutional address: FEUP/INEGI Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal Tel: +351 22 508 1771; Mobile: +351 91 725 8950; Fax: +351 22 508 15 84 E-mail: sg@fe.up.pt URL: http://sifeup.fe.up.pt/si/FUNCIONARIOS_GERAL.FORMVIEW?P_CODIGO=206329 Academic degrees: - Agregation (DSc) in Mechanical Engineering, FEUP (PT), 1988 - PhD in Mechanical Engineering, UMIST (UK), 1977 - MSc in Mechanical Engineering, UMIST (UK), 1974 - Lic. in Mechanical Engineering, FEUP (PT), 1971 Present Position: - Chair Professor at FEUP (University of Porto, http://www.fe.up.pt) - Coordinator of Research Unit on Experimental Mechanics and New Materials (INEGI/FEUP, http://www.inegi.up.pt) - President ADEMEC (Alumni of Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto) - National Delegate to the 6th Frame-Work Programme of the European Union (Area of Aeronautics and Space) - Member of the Executive Board of C3P-Centre for Pollution Prevention (http://www.c3p.org) Past Positions: - Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 2000-2002, http://www.fe.up.pt/demegi/ - Presidente of INEGI (Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Management), 1988-1997 and 2000-2002, http://www.inegi.up.pt - Member of Executive Council of Faculty of Engineering, U. Porto, 1983-1989 - Associate Professor at FEUP, 1979-1989 - Assistant Professor at FEUP, 1978-1979 - Assistant Lecturer at FEUP, 1971-1978
Fields of Interest (Research): - Experimental Mechanics and Impact Mechanics - Composite Materials - Aeronautics and Space - Pollution Prevention - Management of R&D
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Participation in Editorial Boardss of Scientific Journals and in the Organisation of Scientific International Meetings:

STRAIN-International Journal of BSSM (Editorial board), 1995-2004. Mecnica Experimental-Revista Portuguesa de Mecnica Experimental (Editor), since 1996. International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design, Springer Netherlands (Editorial board), since 2003. 10th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics (Conference Chair), Lisbon, 18-12 July 1994. International Conference Mechanics in Design96 (Scientific Committee), Toronto, Canada, 06-09 May 1996. International Conference Mechanics in Design98 (Scientific Committee), Nothingham, U.K., 06-09 July 1998. 3 Encontro Nacional de Mecnica Experimental (Conference Chair), Porto, 24-26 March 1999. International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure (Conference Co-Chair), Porto, 19-22 July 1999. 1 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia (Conference Chair), Mozambique, 14-16 September 1999. 3rd International Conference on Mechanics & Materials in Design (Scientific Committee and Symposium Organiser), Orlando, USA, 29-31 May 2000. 6th International Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials Under Dynamic Loading (International Advisory Committee), Kracow, Poland, 25-29 September 2000. 2 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia (Conference Chair), Mozambique, 4-6 September 2001. 4 Encontro Nacional de Mecnica Experimental (Conference Chair), Bragana, 17-19 October 2001. New Trends in Design and Manufacture, An International Conference (Conference Co-Chair), Aswan/Egypt, 3-7 November 2001. 3 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia (Conference Chair), Mozambique, 19-21 August 2003. 7th International DYMAT Conference on Mechanical and Physical Behaviour of Materials under Dynamic Loading (Organising Committee), Porto, 8-12 September 2003. 4 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia (Conference Chair), Mozambique, 30 Aug.-1 Sep. 2005. M2D20065th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design (Conference Co-Chair, Porto, 24-26 July 2006.
Other Activities:

President of APAET-Portuguese Association for Experimental Mechanics, (1988-1999). President of European Permanente Committee for Experimental Mechanics, (1990-1994). National Delegate to EURASSEM (European Association for Experimental Mechanics). Member of an International Committee for the evaluation of the Mechanical Engineering Department, Technical University of Lisbon (1996). President of ADEMEC-Alumni of Mechanical Engineering, FEUP, (since 1997). Supervision of many MSc, PhD and Post-Doctoral researchers. Editor of a number of Proceedings of national and international scientific meetings. Author of more than 150 papers in scientific journals and conferences. Coordinator of research projects funded by national and european programmes. Consultant for Industry, through INEGI/FEUP.
Porto, 16 October 2006. J.F. Silva Gomes
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Most Recent Publications: [1]- J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Recent Advances in Experimental Mechanics-Vol.1 and Vol.2, A.A. BALKEMA Publishers, Rotterdam-The Netherlands, 1994. [2]-J.F. Silva, J.M. Justo, J.A. Chousal, M.A.P. Vaz, A.T. Marques and J.F. Silva Gomes, Non-destructive Testing of Composite Structures Using Shearography, 10th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics. Lisbon, 18-22 July 1994. [3]-A.M. Amaro, J.M. Cirne, M.T. Vieira and J.F. Silva Gomes, Measurement of Young's Modulus of Thin Films by Laser Interferometry, 10th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Lisbon, 18-22 July 1994. [4]-N.F. Rilo, M.A.P. Vaz, F.J.Q. Melo and J.F. Silva Gomes, An Assessement od the Stress and Deformation Distribution in Thin-walled Cylindrical Shells Under the Influence of Local Attachements, 10th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics. Lisbon, 18-22 July 1994. [5]-N.F. Rilo, J.F. Silva Gomes and J.M. Cirne, Experimental Stress Analysis of Normally Intersecting Pipes Subjected to Moments, 10th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics. Lisbon, 18-22 July 1994. [6]- A.V.S. Lage, A.O. S. Gomes, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Improvement of Stimulation Methods in ND-Testing. Assessement of the State of the Art,EUCLID-CEPA3-RTP3.1, Aeronautical Applications. Technical Report N EUC-REC-2331-01-INEGI, February 1994. [7]-M.A.P. Vaz, F.J.Q. Melo, J.F.D. Rodrigues and J.F. Silva Gomes, An Experimental and Numerical Assessement of the Noise Emission from the Cover of the Distribution Chain Drive of an Automobile Engine. International Conference Vibration and Noise 95, Veneza, 25-27 April, 1995. [8]- M.A.P. Vaz, F.J.Q. Melo, J.F.D. Rodrigues and J.F. Silva Gomes, Noise and Vibration Analysis of an Automobile Engine Component. International Journal of Machine Vibration, Vol 5 (1996), pp. 63-70. [9]-J.F. Silva Gomes, O Papel dos Institutos de Interface no Sistema Cientfico e Tecnolgico Nacional. A Experincia do INEGI, Revista Engenharia, FEUP/Porto, March 1996. [10]-F. Q. de Melo, J. A. Chousal, J. L. Leal e J.F. Silva Gomes, Anlise de Tenses em Cascas Cilindricas sob a Aco de Foras Localizadas Mecnica Experimental, Revista APAET, Associao Portugusa de Anlise Experimental de Tenses, LNEC, Vol 1, (1996), pp. 19-24. [11]-F.J.Q. Melo, J.M.O.S. Cirne, J.L. Leal e J.F. Silva Gomes.; Propagao de Ondas de Tenso Axissimtricas em Cascas de Revoluo Mecnica Experimental, Revista APAET, Associao Portugusa de Anlise Experimental de Tenses, LNEC, Vol 1, (1996), pp. 33-38. [12]-J.F. Silva Gomes and M.A.P. Vaz, Laser Interferometry Techniques in Experimental Stress Analysis and NDT of Structures and Materials, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 45-56. [13]-F.J.Q. Melo, J.M.O.S. Cirne, J.L. Leal and J.F. Silva Gomes. An Experimental Study of the Propagation of Axisymmetric Stress Waves in Shells of Revolution, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 207-218. [14]-J.A.O. Simes, J.M.O.S. Cirne, F.J.Q. Melo, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, The Propagation of Stress Waves on a Human Dry Femur with a Hip Prosthesis, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 273-280. [15]-J.A.Chousal and J.F. Silva Gomes, Two Colour Phase Unwrapping of Holographic Interferometry Fringe Patterns, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 965-972. [16]-F.M. Santos, J.A.Chousal, J.M. Monteiro, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Interferometric Techniques for Nondestructive Analysis of Composite Structures, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 973-980. [17]-F.J.Q. Melo, J.A.G. Chousal, J.L. Leal and J.F. Silva Gomes, The Experimental and Numerical Stress Analysis of Cylindrical Shells Under the Influence of Local Loads, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 991-1000.
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[18]-J.M. Monteiro, J.A.Chousal, F.M. Santos, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes A Miniaturized Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometer, Proceedings of the International Conference Mechanics in Design, Ontrio/Canad, May 7-9, 1996, pp. 1021-1028. [19]-J.F. Silva Gomes, Innovation and Technology Transfer in Portugal. The Role of the University-Industry Interface Institutes, tti96 Technology Transfer & Innovation Conference, TCD, London, July 1-3, 1996. [20]-Cirne, J. M. O. S., Melo, F. J. M. Q., Leal, J. L. Vaz, M. A. P. and J.F. Silva Gomes, The Study of the Propagation of Axisymmetric Stress Waves along a Composite Pipe, ICCE3, 3rd International Conference on Composites Engineering, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA, July 20-24, 1996. [21]-Fernando F. Santos, Jaime M. Monteiro, Jos A. Chousal, Mrio A. P. Vaz e J.F. Silva Gomes; Interferometria de Speckle na Anlise No Destrutiva de estruturas em Materiais Compsitos, Fsica 96, 13-17 de Set. 1996, Faro, Portugal. [22]-J.F. Silva Gomes and M.A.P. Vaz. Holographic Techniques for Ground Testing of Aeronautical and Aerospatial Structures and Materials. International Workshop on Aerospace and Powered Lift Technologies, UBI, Covilh, 7-9 July 1997. [23]-F.Q. Melo, J.L.Leal, M. A. P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes. Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Axisymmetric Stress Waves in Cylindrical Shells. International Workshop on Aerospace and Powered Lift Technologies, UBI, Covilh, 7-9 July 1997. [24]-J.A.O. Simes, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes e A.T. Marques, Influncia da Rigidez da Prtese da Anca na Distribuio das Deformaes no Fmur. Mecnica Experimental, Revista APAET, Associao Portugusa de Anlise Experimental de Tenses, LNEC, N 2, (1997), pp. 11-19. [25]-J.A.O. Simes, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes e A.T. Marques, Influncia dos Msculos na Caracterizao do Campo das Deformaes num Fmur Compsito. Mecnica Experimental, Revista APAET, Associao Portugusa de Anlise Experimental de Tenses, LNEC, N 2, (1997), pp. 20-28. [26]-J.F. Silva Gomes and M.A.P. Vaz, Impact Damage Detection in Composite Panels by Shearography. 13th US Congress of Applied Mechanics, Florida, 21-26 June 1998. [27]- J. Monteiro, F. Santos, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes. Application of Digital Holographic Techniques for Non Destructive Inspection of Coating Debonds. Proceedings of the Mechanics in Design Conference, Nottingham, (6-9 July 1998), Ed. C.R. Gentle &J.B. Hull, pp.209-216. [28]- J. Monteiro, F. Santos, J.G. Chousal, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes. A Michelson Type of Shear Interferometer for non Destructive Inspection of Debondings in Structures . Proceedings of the International Thermal Spray Conference Vol.1 (1988) pp. 825-829. [29]J.A.O. Simes, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes and A.T. Marques, Development of a Controlled Stiffness Composite Femoral Prosthesis. Mechanics in Design Conference, Nottingham, 6-9 July 1998. [30]-J.A. Chousal, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Digital Holographic Interferometry for Non Destructive Testing. Proceedings of the Mechanics in Design Conference, Nottingham, (6-9 July 1998), Ed. C.R. Gentle &J.B. Hull, pp.167-175. [30]-J.A. Chousal and J.F. Silva Gomes, Improvement of Holographic Interferometry Results by Digital Image Processing, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Oxford, (24-28 August 1998), Ed.I.M. Allison/Balkema, pp. 733-738. [31]-J.A. Chousal and J.F. Silva Gomes, Speckle Interferometry Phase Determination Using a Single Interferogram, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Oxford, (24-28 August 1998), Ed.I.M. Allison/Balkema, pp. 595-6008. [32]-J.O. Carneiro, H. Lopes, J.D. Rodrigues, F.Q. Melo and J.F. Silva Gomes, The Modal Analysis of a Pipe Elbow with Realistic Boundary Conditions, 15th Symposium Danubia-Adria on Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics, Bertinoro/Italy, 30 September-3 October 1998. [33]-J.M Monteiro, A.P. Vaz, F.Q. Melo and J.F. Silva Gomes, Use of Interferometric Techniques for Measuring the Displacement Field in the Plane of a Part-Through Crack Existing in a Plate, 15th Symposium Danubia-Adria on Experimental Methods in Solid Mechanics, Bertinoro/Italy, 30 September-3 October 1998.
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[34]-J.F. Silva Gomes and M.A.P. Vaz, Holographic Techniques in Experimental Mechanics of Solids and Non-Destructive Testing. 18th Symposium on Experimental Mechanics of Solids, Warsaw/Poland 14-16 October 1998. [35]- J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental Proceedings do 3 Encontro Nacional da APAET, Porto, 24-26 March 1999. [36]- J.F. Silva Gomes and Shaker A. Meguid, Proceedings of International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto, 19-22 March 1999. [37]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al. Proceedings do CLME99 - 1 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 14-16 September 1999. [38]-F.Q. Melo, J.O. Carneiro and J.F. Silva Gomes, Pseudo-Dynamic Techniques in Structural Analysis and Design, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [39]-J.O. Carneiro, H. Lopes,J.D. Rodrigues, F.Q. Melo, and J.F. Silva Gomes, The Dynamic Analysis of a Piping System Detail Using Pseudodynamic Techniques, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [40]-J.O. Carneiro,J.D. Rodrigues, F.Q. Melo, and J.F. Silva Gomes, Vibration Analysis of a Beam Using Modal Dynamic Approach and Pseudodynamic Techniques, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [41]-F.Q. Melo, J. Monteiro, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Assessment of the stress-intensity factor of a part-through crack in a plate by holographic interferometry, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [42]-J.A. Chousal and J.F. Silva Gomes, Image Processing Aided Shearography for Composite Materials: Non-Destructive Damage Detection, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [43]-J.A. Chousal and J.F. Silva Gomes, Speckle Interferometry Phase Determination in Transient Problems, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [44]-N.F. Rilo, J.M. Cirne and J.F. Silva Gomes, On Reliability of Spherical Pressure Vessel Support Design by BS and ASME Codes, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [45]-J.M. Cirne, A. Amaro, N.F. Rilo, M.T. Vieira, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Youngs Modulus of Tungsten using Holographic Interferometry and Finite Element Techniques, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [46]-J.M. Monteiro, J.A.O. Simes, M.A.P. Vaz and J.F. Silva Gomes, Holographic Interferometry of Bone Implant Interface, IRF99 International Conference on Integrity, Reliability and Failure, Porto/Portugal, 19-22 July 1999. [47]-N.F. Rilo, M.A.P.Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes, R.A. Leal e J.M. Cirne, A Avaliao do Dano em Materiais Compsitos Laminados e a Investigao no Lome (FEUP) e no Cemuc (FCTUC), 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999. [48]-J.L. Esteves e J.F. Silva Gomes, Tcnicas Experimentais de Anlise de Tenses em Juntas Adesivas, 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999. [49]-J.F. Silva Gomes e M.A.P. Vaz, A Holografia e Tcnicas Afins na Mecnica Experimental e Processos de Controlo No Destrutivo, 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999. [50]-J.M. Monteiro, M.A.P. Vaz, F.Q. Melo e J.F. Silva GomesAvaliao do Factor Intensidade de Tenso ao Longo de uma Fenda Existente numa Placa, Utilizando Tcnicas de Interferometria Hologrfica, 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999. [51]-J.A. Simes, J.M. Monteiro, M.A.P. Vaz e J.F. Silva Gomes, Estudo da Interface Osso/Implante Utilizando Tcnicas de Interferometria Hologrfica, 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999.
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[52]-A.P. Amaro, J.M. Cirne, M.T. Vieira, M.A.P. Vaz e J.F. Silva Gomes, Utilizao da Interferometria Laser na Determinao do Mdulo de Young do Tungstnio, 3 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Porto/Portugal, 22-24 March, 1999. [53]- J.F. Silva Gomes, O Papel dos Institutos de Interface nas Relaes Universidade-Indstria. O caso do INEGI na FEUP, 1 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 14-16 September, 1999. [54]-J.A. Chousal, J.F. Silva Gomes, Measuring Large Displacements by Image Processing Correlation, M2D, 3rd International Conference on Mechanics & Materials in Design, Orlando 2000. [55]-N.F. Rilo, M.A.P. Vaz, J.F. Silva Gomes, R.A.P. Leal e J.M. Sousa Cirne, A Avaliao do Dano em Materiais Compsitos Laminados e a Investigao no LOME (FEUP) e no GME (CEMUC-FCTUC), Mecnica Experimental, N 5 (2000), pp. 69-81. [56]-J.F. Silva Gomes, J.M. Monteiro and M.A.P. Vaz, NDI of Interfaces in Coating Systems Using Digital Interferometry, International Journal of Mechanics of Materials, Vol. 32 (2000), pp. 837-843. [57]-Joaquim A.O. Carneiro, Hernani R Lopes, Francisco J.M.Q. de Melo, Jos F. Dias Rodrigues e J.F. Silva Gomes, Anlise de Estruturas de Tubagens sob Solicitao Ssmica Usando Tcnicas Pseudodinmicas, Revista Portuguesa de Engenharia de Estruturas, N 48 (2000), pp. 49-57. [58]-Jaime M. Monteiro; Mrio A. P. Vaz; Francisco Q. Melo; J. F. Silva Gomes; Use of Interferometric Techniques for Measuring the Displacement Field in the plane of a part-through Crack Existing in a Plate, Int. Jour, of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 78 (2001) 253-259. [59]-Francisco Q. Melo, J.A.O. Carneiro, H.R. Lopes, J.F. Dias Rodrigues, J. F. Silva Gomes, The Dynamic Analysis of Piping Systems using Pseudo-Dynamic Techniques, Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design, Vol. 36-5 (2001), pp. 441-451. [60]-N.F. Rilo, J.F. Silva Gomes, J.M. Cirne and R. Leal, Stresses from Radial Loads and External Moments in Spherical Ppressure Vessels, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 215-2 (2001), pp. 99-109. [61]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Proceedings do CLME2001 - 2 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 4-6 September 2001. [62]-J.F. Silva Gomes, Ligao Universidade-Indstria. Inovao, Investigao e Desenvolvimento, 2 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 4-6 September 2001. [63]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Proceedings do 4 Encontro Nacional da APAET, Bragana, 17-19 October 2001. [64]-F. M. Santos; J. Monteiro; M. A. P. Vaz e J. F. Silva Gomes; A Shearography na Inspeco no destrutiva de Materiais Compsitos; 4 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, 17-19 October 2001, IPB, Bragana. [65]-Monteiro, J. M.; Santos, F. M.; Vaz, M. A. P. e Silva Gomes, J. F.; Uso de Tcnicas Interferomtricas Pulsadas para Inspeco No destrutiva de Estruturas Compsitas; 4 Encontro Nacional de Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, 17-19 October 2001, IPB, Bragana. [66]-J.F. Silva Gomes, Laser Interferometry Techniques: Trends and Future Prospects, International Conference on New Trends in Design and Manufacture, Aswan/Egypt, 3-7 November 2001. [67]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Engenharia e Inovao para o Desenvolvimento, Proceedings CLME2003-3 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 19-21 August 2003. [68]-J.F. Silva Gomes e F.J. Mota Torres, Promoo da Sociedade do Hidrognio em Portugal, 3 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 19-21 August 2003, pp. 265-275. [69]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Anlise Experimental de Tenses e Mecnica Experimental, Proceedings do 5 Encontro Nacional da APAET, Coimbra, 21-23 January 2004. [70]-Francisco Queiros de Melo; Fernando Jos Ferreira; Mrio Augusto Vaz; Joaquim Silva Gomes, Elasticplastic Stress Waves in Ductile-hardening Materials using Finite Element Techniques and a Split-hopkinson Pressure Bar, Proceedings International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering & Sciences, Funchal, Madeira/Portugal, 26-29 July, 2004.
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[71]-J.F. Silva Gomes, Mecnica dos Slidos e Resistncia dos Materiais, Edies INEGI, Porto, 2004 (ISBN: 972-8826-06-0). [72]-S.A. Meguid, A. Czekanski and J.F. Silva Gomes, Chapter 10, Advances in Computational Contact Mechanics, in Progress in Engineering Computational Technology, B.H.V. Topping and C.A. Mota Soares (eds.), Saxe-Coburg Publications, pp. 219-247, 2004. [73]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., A Engenharia como Factor de Inovao e Progresso, Edies INEGI, Porto, 2005 (ISBN: 972-8826-08-7). [74]-J.F. Silva Gomes et al., Proceedings do CLME2005-4 Congresso Luso-Moambicano de Engenharia, Maputo/Moambique, 30AUG-1SEP 2005, Edies INEGI 2005 (ISBN: 972-8826-07-9). [75]-M.A.P. Vaz e J.F. Silva Gomes, O LOME integrado na estratgia do INEGI apoiando a indstria nacional; Tecnometal, 2005. [76]-M.A.P. Vaz, J. M. Monteiro e J.F. Silva Gomes, A investigao em Biomecnica no Laboratrio de ptica e de Mecnica Experimental do DEMEGI; 1 Encontro Nacional de Biomecnica Abrantes, 3-4 de February 2005. [77]-J.F. Silva Gomes e Mrio A.P. Vaz; Ensaio de Anlise Experimental de Tenses para o Estudo da Estabilidade da Ponte Mvel de Leixes; 6 Congresso Nacional de Mecnica Experimental, Ponta Delgada, Aores/Portugal, 27-29 July 2005. [78]-J.F. Silva Gomes and Shaker A. Meguid, Mechanics and Materials in Design, Edies INEGI, Porto, 2006 (ISBN: 972-8826-11-7). [79]-J.F. Silva Gomes and Shaker A. Meguid, Proceedings of M2D2006 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Materials in Design, Porto 24-26 July 2006, Edies INEGI, Porto, 2006 (ISBN: 972-8826-10-9).
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ANNEX II LETTER OF INTENT FROM INEGI REPRESENTATIVES
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LETTER OF INTENT
Application for Associate Member of Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) Platform CLEAN SKY Aeronautics & Air Transport JTI INEGI-Instituto de Engenharia Mecnica e Gesto Industrial, is a Private Non-Profit Research Institute duly organized and existing under the laws of Portugal, whose registered office is at Rua do Barroco, 174, 4465-591 Lea do Balio, Portugal). INEGI hereby confirms the application to become an Associate Member of the Green Regional Aircraft (GRA) Platform of the CLEAN SKY Aeronautics & Air Transport JTI, in response to the call for expressions of interest launched at the Clean Sky workshop on 1 June 2006. To support this goal, INEGI shall support and assist ALENIA Aeronautica, the Platform Leader, in finalising the Proposal in order to submit it in due time to the European Commission. INEGI shall provide ALENIA Aeronautica with all pertinent technical and cost data, which either ALENIA Aeronautica or INEGI deems necessary for the preparation of the Proposal as well as all technical support or other such support as may be mutually agreed upon. The different activities in the framework of the GRA Platform will be developed using the laboratory facilities available at INEGI for the main areas that are mentioned in the present proposal, and which are described above. Professor J.F. Silva Gomes is the research leader that will be responsible for the participation of INEGI in the GRA Platform. INEGI team will also include other scientists and engineers, as described in the proposal, most of them having previous experience in many BRITEEURAM, CRAFT, and STREP projects of previous EC Framework Programmes, and having an extensive experience both in research and technology transfer activities. At the present stage, it is estimated that the total contribution of INEGI to the GRA Platform should be of the order of 1000 Man/Month. For the calculation of the corresponding budget, the average man/month rate for INEGI personnel is 10.000,00 Euro, and the cost model to be applied for the Institute is Full Costs. It means that, like for most of the industrial partners, the funding requested from the EC is only 50% of the budget to be allocated for INEGIs participation. This is of the order of 10M for the whole period of 7 years, 50% of which will be self funding. Porto-Portugal, 26th October 2006
Augusto Barata da Rocha

(President of INEGI)
Joaquim Silva Gomes

(Scientific Coordinator)
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ANNEX III LIST OF RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS
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Participation in Collaborative R&D Projects

(List not exhaustive) 1 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 3 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 4 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 6 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: PSV Long Life Long Life Public Service Vehicle Project study BREU-CT91-0550 (European Commission) 1.750.250,00 Project Leader PEDIP Reforo de Instalaes e Equipamentos PEDIP/91-93 (European Commission and Ministry of Economy) 6.250.000,00 Project Leader LOME Re-equipamento do Laboratrio de ptica e Mecnica Experimental CIENCIA/91-92 (European Commission and Ministry of Science & Technology) 600.000,00 Project Leader EUROLIFEFORM Probabilistic Approach to Predict Life Cycle Costs G1RD-CT-2001-00497 (European Commission) 354.370,00 Partner PLASTICRETE Highly Durable Precast Special Concrete Reinforced with non-metallic Rebars BRPR-CT98-0708 (European Commission) 3.220.771,00 Project Leader INAUTO Inteligncia e Inovao para o Desenvolvimento da Indstria Automvel em Portugal (Agncia de Inovao) 292.516,59 Partner
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Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
SHEAR Sistema de Holografia Laser para CND de Estruturas em Materiais Compsitos CCTD-05/95 (Ministry of Defense) 525.000,00 Project Leader VIP Vibration Intensity Processing BRPR-CT97-0406 (European Commission) 305.642,84 Partner GRP Flanges+Tubagens Design of GRP Flanges and Tests to verify the Design and to Determine Long-Term Properties of GRP Pipes G6RD-CT-2000-00259 (European Commission) 183.821,99 Partner DURVILLE Implementation of Cost Effective Die Filling Processes In Gravity tilt-pour Casting G1ST-CT-2000-S0032 (European Commission) 177.000,00 Project Leader RELTEC Rede Lusfona Tecnolgica e de Apoio Internacionalizao das Empresas (Comisso de Coordenao da Regio Norte) 197.319,46 Project Leader INETFORSMEP The Intelligent System for NET Shape Forming of Sheet Metal Products G1RD-CT-2002-00682 (European Commission) 163.716,00 Partner MNAA Networked Centre of Excellence in Materials for the Economic Development of the Atlantic Area (European Commission) 148.413,70 Partner
Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
10 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 11 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 12 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 13 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
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14 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 15 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 16 Acronym: Title:
PET Desenvolvimento de Tecnologia PET para Mamografia SIFEC/14/01/03/GDR/00134 (Agncia de Inovao) 235.509,00 Partner BETES POLIMRICOS Desenvolvimento e endogeneizao de tecnologias de beto polimrico 03/00296 (Agncia de Inovao) 251.920,50 Project Leader TURBOCAST Desenvolvimento do processo de produo de turboimpulsores por vazamento sob vcuo de ligas de alumnio" (Agncia de Inovao) 476.385,60 Project Leader PIBRAC Piezoelectric Brake Actuator AST4-CT-2005-516111 (European Commission) 714.750,00 Partner BIOMON Towards long-life bio-lubricants using advanced design and monitoring tools COOP-CT-2004-508208 (European Commission) 222.000,00 Partner LITEBUS Modular Lightweight Sandwich Bus Concept TST5-CT-2006-031321 (European Commission) 3.354.068,00 Project Leader
Contract N: Budget: Role: 17 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 18 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 19 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
20 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
FRF Fabrico Rpido de Ferramentas (Agncia de Inovao) 1.052.566,64 Project Leader
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21 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 22 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 23 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 24 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 26 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 27 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 28 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
VAPOMAQ Mquina Automtica para Cozinhar Alimentos a Vapor (Agncia de Inovao) 195.667,50 Project Leader CASAM Civil Aircraft Security Against MANPADS AST5-CT-2006-030817 (European Commission) 368.700,00 Partner PSEUDOTEC Anlise Vibratria de Estruturas Contnuas Usando Tcnicas Pseudodinmicas P/EME/13181/1998 (FCT) 50.000,00 Project Leader FARAF Desenvolvimento de Um Processo de Fabrico Rpido Indirecto de Ferramentas POCTI/EME/41199/2001 (FCT) 50.000,00 Project Leader TESTPLACA Mtodo Hbrido p Caract. Dinm. de Estruturas Compsitas Tipo Placa e Casca sob Solicitao Impacto POCI/EME/63236/2004 (FCT) 50.000,00 Project Leader FCT02-RMG Previso das propriedades a longo prazo de tubagens em plstico reforado com fibra de vidro POCTI/EME/47734/2002 (FCT) 51.000,00 Project Leader FIBRANATURAL Comportamento Mecnico de Compsitos de matriz Polimrica Reforados com Fibras Naturais POCTI/40201/EME/2001 (FCT) 54.000,00 Project Leader
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29 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 30 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 31 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 32 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 33 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 34 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role: 35 Acronym: Title: Contract N: Budget: Role:
SAPIENS01 Simulao Numrica do Processo de Estampagem de Chapas Metalicas - Modulao Mecanica, Metodos POCTI/EME/35945/2000 (FCT) 55.000,00 Project Leader IPF-Sensor Influncia dos parmetros de fabrico no desempenho dos sensores pticos embebidos em materiais compsitos POCI/EME/62147/2004 (FCT) 55.000,00 Project Leader SIM-CAST Optimizao da simulao do processo de fundio POCI/EME/61326/2004 (FCT) 58.000,00 Project Leader OBJDEFOR Segmentao, seguimento e anlise de movimento de objectos deformveis (2D/3D) usando princpios fis POSC/EEA-SRI/55386/2004 (FCT) 63.000,00 Project Leader GEAR-SCUFFING Gear Scuffing - New Experimental and Numerical Models POCTI/35957/EME/2000 (FCT) 65.000,00 Project Leader IMPACTEST Ensaios de Impacto a Baixa Velocidade POCTI/EME/35901/1999 (FCT) 66.000,00 Project Leader CONC/REEC Concepo e Fabrico para Durabilidade usando Materiais Compsitos REEQ/849/EME/2005 (FCT) 444.442,00 Project Leader
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CLEAN SKY Aeronautics & Air Transport JTI

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Figure 1 Organizational Chart of INEGI

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Aeronautics and Space

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Joaquim Silva Gomes

Antnio Torres Marques

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Antnio Mendes Ferreira

Jos Lus Soares Esteves

Materials Engineering Rapid Prototyping Numerical Techniques Optimization

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Catarina Ferreira Castro Lusa Costa Sousa Others

Numerical Techniques Optimization Numerical Techniques Optimization All

NUMBER 39 156 86 367 195 42 22 75 6 35 41 15 5 21 6

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

GREEN REGIONAL AIRCRAFT (GRA) PLATFORM

WP 2.3.1.1 Enabling sensors Technologies

WP 2.3.1.2 Enabling manufaturing Technologies for layer

- Primary interest/Full expertise ; - Secondary interest/Partial expertise ; - No interest/No expertise

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

GREEN REGIONAL AIRCRAFT (GRA) PLATFORM

WP 2.3.1.6 Enabling Technologies for Nanomaterials

- Primary interest/Full expertise ; - Secondary interest/Partial expertise ; - No interest/No expertise

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

GREEN REGIONAL AIRCRAFT (GRA) PLATFORM

WP 3.3.2.1 Ranking of applicable technologies

- Primary interest/Full expertise ; - Secondary interest/Partial expertise ; - No interest/No expertise

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

GREEN REGIONAL AIRCRAFT (GRA) PLATFORM

- Primary interest/Full expertise ; - Secondary interest/Partial expertise ; - No interest/No expertise

Porto-Portugal, 26th October 2006

Joaquim Silva Gomes (Scientific Coordinator)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

ANNEX I CURRICULUM VITAE OF THE LEADING SCIENTIST

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Porto, 16 October 2006. J.F. Silva Gomes

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)

Air Transport System Clean Sky Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)