Mathcad - Ampacity Calculation

POWER CABLE AMPACITY
(132 kV)
132 kV, 1200 mm2

In trench section
In HDD crossing section
In Duct bank for crossing section
Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd
22.03.2013
CONTENTS
Variable Data (General)
Power Cable Ampacity Calculations

1.
AC Resistance of Conductor
13
2.
Dielectric Loss per Unit Length for the Insulation
15
3.
Loss Factor for Metallic Screen and Sheath
15
4.
Calculation of Thermal Resistance
21
5.
Conductor Temperature Rise above the Ambient
26
6.
Continuous Current Carrying Capacity of one 132 kV circuit
26
7.
Reduction factor of one 132 kV Circuit
29
8.
Super position method to calculate interaction of Brugg 132 kV cable

circuit and two existing 400 kV cable circuits
39
Reduction factor of interaction of Brugg 132 kV cable circuits with the

two existing 400 kV cable circuits
51
9.
Power Cable Impedance Calculations

1.
Positive/Negative Sequence Impedance
76
2.
Zero Impedance
76
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POWER CABLE AMPACITY

CALCULATIONS
IEC 60287 & CIGRE WG B1-03
22.03.2013
CABLE TYPE: 132 kV XLPE cable, 12sqmm, copper conductor, lead & HDPE sheathed (BRUGG)
INSTALLATION PLACE: ABU DHABI - U.A.E.
PROJECT: ABU DHABI 26 / ETA, TRANSCO N7144
VARIABLE DATA
A. Electrical System Data:
U p_400 := 400000
(Phase to phase voltage, V)
U p_132 := 132000
(Phase to phase voltage, V)
fc := 50
(Frequency, Hz)
:= 2. fc
(Angular frequency, Hz)
Iccs_400 := 63000
(Max. earth-fault current in cable sheath, A)
Iccs_132 := 31500
(Max. earth-fault current in cable sheath, A)
tcc := 0.5
(Short-circuit time in the metallic sheath, sec)
P 400tr := 1102.3
(Transmission capacity for induced voltage calculation, MVA)
P 400hdd := 568
P 400rc := 800

P 400tr
Inom_400tr :=
U p_400 10
Inom_400hdd :=
P 400hdd
Up_400 10
Inom_400rc :=
(Nominal transmission current in trench, A)
Inom_400tr = 1591
(Nominal transmission current in HDD crossing, A)
Inom_400hdd = 820
P 400rc
6
Up_400 ( 10 )
= 314.2
(Nominal transmission current in road crossing, A)
Inom_400rc = 1155
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B. Cable Construction Data:

n := 1
(Number of load-carrying in the cable)
np := 1
(Number oc conductors in parallel)
dc := 45
(Diamenter of conductor, mm)
Acc := 1200
(Cross-section of copper condutor, mm 2 )
tc1 := 0.9
(Thickness of conductor binder/swelling tape, mm)
dc0 := dc + 2 tc1
(Diamenter of conductor, including binder tape, mm)
tc2 := 1.5
(Avarage thickness of conductor screen, mm)
tcs := tc1 + tc2
(Total thickness of conductor screen, mm)
tcs = 2.4
dc1 := dc + 2 tcs
( Diameter of conductor, including screen, mm)
dc1 = 49.8
ti := 16
(Min. avarage thickness of insulation, mm)
din := dc + 2 tcs + 2 ti
(External diamenter of insulation, excluding screen, mm)
tinss := 1.8
(Min. avg. thickness of insulation screen, mm)
dbst := din + 2 tinss
(Diameter over insulation screen, mm)
tst1 := 0.9
(Thickness of swelling tape/bedding, mm)
dbcs := dbst + 2 tst1
(Diameter over swelling tape/bedding, mm)
tcms :=
dbcs dc
(Thickness between condcutor and metal sheath, mm)
dc0 = 46.8
din = 81.8
dbst = 85.4
dbcs = 87.2
tcms = 21.1
tls := 3.6
(Avg. thickness of lead sheath, mm)
dals := dbcs + 2 tls
(Diameter over lead sheath, mm)
dlead := dals tls
(Mean diameter of lead sheath, mm)
dmm := dals tls
(Mean geometric diameter of lead sheath, mm)
dmm = 90.8
(Cross-section of lead sheath, m2)
Alead = 1.027 10
Alead := tls dbcs + tls 10
tos := 4.7
(Avg. thickness of outer covering, including SC skin, mm)
do := dals + 2 tos
(External diameter of the cable, mm)
dals = 94.4
dlead = 90.8
do = 103.8
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C. Electrical Characteristics:
Ro := 15.1 10
copper := 1.7241 10
lead := 21.4 10
(D.C. resistance of the conductor at 20C, Ohm/m)

8
(Electrical resistivity of Copper, Ohm/m) - IEC 60287-1-1, Table 1
(Electrical resistivity of Lead, Ohm/mm) - IEC 60287-1-1, Table 1
D. Electrical Coefficients:
kp := 0.37
(Proximity effect coefficient acc. to Cigre technical paper n272,

Working Group B1.03)
ks := 0.44
(Proximity effect coefficient acc. to Cigre technical paper n272,

Working Group B1.03)
E. Insulation Characteristics:
p := 2.4
(Relative permittivity of insulation)
tan ( ) := 0.001
(Loss factor of the insulation)
F. Thermal Resistivities:
xlpe := 3.5
(Themal resistivity of XLPE, K.m/W acc to IEC 60287-2-1)
pe := 3.5
(Themal resistivity of PE, K.m/W acc to IEC 60287-2-1)
b := 6
(Themal resistivity of swelling tapes, K.m/W)
sc := 2.5
(Themal resistivity of S/C, K.m/W)
pvc := 6
(Themal resistivity of PVC, K.m/W acc to IEC 60287-2-1)
sr := 1.2
(Themal soil resistivity at road crossing , K.m/W)
st := 1.2
(Themal soil resistivity in trech (Stabilised sourrounding , K.m/W)
bentonite := 1.0
(Themal resistivity of bentonite , K.m/W)
concrete := 1.0
(Themal soil resistivity of concrete of the duct bank , K.m/W)
hdd := 1.0
(Themal soil resistivity of HDD section , K.m/W)
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G. Temperatures and Temperature Coefficients:
max := 90
(Max. operating temperature of conductor. C)
c1 := 250
(Max. short-circuit temperature of conductor, C)
ms := 80
(Max. working temperature of the lead sheath, C)
cs1 := 250
(Final earth-fault temperature of copper wire screen, C)
cs2 := ms
(Initial earth-fault temperature of copper wire screen, C)
l1 := 180
(Final earth-fault temepratre of lead sheath, C)
cground := 40
(Max. ground temperature, C)
bentonite := 70
(Mean temperature of the medium filling between cable and duct, C)
ap := 77.3
(Mean temperature of air inside the road crossing pipe, C)
c20 := 3.93 10
(Constant copper temperature coefficient, 1/C)
lead := 4 10
(Temperature coefficient of lead sheath resistance. 1/C)
c := 234.5
(Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance copper)
Kc := 226
(Constant of copper)
s := 230
(Reciprocal of temperature coefficient of resistance lead)
Ks := 41
(Constant of lead)
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H. Typical Trough cross-sction:

132 kV Circuit
hgcb_tr := 1150
(Distance from ground surface to cable bottom, mm)
do
hg1ca_tr := hgcb_tr
2
(Distance from ground surface to cable axis, mm)
s tr := 200
(Axial spacing of conductor R,Y,B in trench, mm)
s ctr := 2100
(Center to Center distance of cable circuits in trench, mm)
m_tr := 81.5
(Working temperature of the lead sheath in trough, C)
hg1ca_tr = 1098
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I. HDD Crossing
132 kV Circuit
tpipe_hdd := 15
(Thickness of HDPE duct wall, mm)
dipipe_hdd := 195
(Inside diameter of HDPE duct, mm)
dopipe_hdd := dipipe_hdd + 2 tpipe_hdd
(Outdise diamenter of HDPE, mm)
tbt := 50
(Thickness of bentonite layer around the cable, mm)
s hdd := dopipe_hdd
(Axial spacing of the conductors in HDD section, mm)
dopipe_hdd = 225
Lhdd := 7000 + +
2 3
dopipe_hdd (Distance from road level to the trefoil center, mm)
m_hdd := 80
Lhdd = 7242
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J. Typical Road Crossing:

132 kV Circuit
tpipe_rc := 10
(Thickness of HDPE duct wall, mm)
dipipe_rc := 180
(Inside diameter of HDPE duct, mm)
dopipe_rc := dipipe_rc + 2 tpipe_rc
(Outdise diamenter of HDPE, mm)
tbt := 50
(Thickness of bentonite layer around the cable, mm)
WDB := 1800
(Width of the Duct bank, mm)
H DB := 550
(Height of the Duct bank, mm)
hgDB := 1225
(Depth of the Duct bank centre, mm)
N := 3
(Number of cables of half duct banks)
s rc := 300
(Axial spacing of the conductors in road crossing, mm)
10
dopipe_rc = 200
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s crc := 2100
(Center to Center distance of cable circuits in trench, mm)
hgcb_rc := 1325
(Distance from ground surface to cable bottom, mm)
hgdb_rc := hgcb_rc +
tpipe_rc
do
hg1ca_rc := hgcb_rc
hgda_rc := hgdb_rc
(Distance from ground surface to duct bottom, mm)
2
(Distance from ground surface to cable axis, mm)
2
dipipe_rc
(Distance from ground surface to duct axis, mm)
m_rc := 80.5
hgdb_rc = 1330
hg1ca_rc = 1273
hgda_rc = 1240
K. Details of parallel running 400 kV Cables in Trough Section:

hg400_tr := 1100
(Burial depth from ground surface to cable bottom, mm)
D 400a_400b_tr := 2800
(Axial distance between 400 kV and 400 kV Circuits, mm)
D 400a_132_tr := 2100
(Axial distance between 400 kV closest and 132 kV Circuits, mm)
D 400b_132_tr := 4900
(Axial distance between 400 kV furthest and 132 kV Circuits, mm)
S 400_tr := 600
(Axial distance between of the 400 kV circuits, mm)
A400 := 2500
(Cross section of copper conductor, mm 2)
RAC_400_tr := 9.7232 10
(AC resistance of the conductor, Ohm/m)
1a_tr_400 := 0.0901
(Loss factor for screen and sheath of phase 1)
1b_tr_400 := 0.0605
1c_tr_400 := 0.0601
Wd400 := 1.08
(Dielectric Losses, W/m)
11
22.03.2013
I. Details of parallel running 400 kV Cables in HDD Section:

hg400_hdd := 7500
do400pipe := 280
(Thickness of HDPE pipe,mm)
S 400_hdd := do400pipe = 280
L400hdd := 7000 + +
2 3
do400pipe (Distance from road level to trefoil center,mm)
Hhl400 := L400hdd S400_hdd

3
(Burial depth of the upmost cables,mm)
Hhl400 = 7140
Hbl400 := L400hdd + S400_hdd

3
(Burial depth of the deepes cables,mm)
Hbl400 = 7463
D 400a_400b_hdd := 3000
D 400a_132_hdd := 3000
D 400b_132_hdd := 6000
RAC_400_hdd := 9.754 10
1_hdd_400 := 0.1

(Loss factor for screen and sheath )
J. Details of parallel running 400 kV Cables in Road Crossing Section:

hg400_rc := 1350
D 400a_400b_rc := 2800
D 400a_132_rc := 2100
D 400b_132_rc := 4900
S 400_rc := 300
RAC_400_rc := 9.723 10
1a_rc_400 := 0.0899

12
22.03.2013
1b_rc_400 := 0.0604
1c_rc_400 := 0.0600
1. AC Resistance of Conductor
DC Resistance of Conductor
kcopper( ) := 1 + c20( 20)
R := Ro kcopper max
(Factor)
kcopper max = 1.3
(D.C. resistance of conductor at max. operating temperature, Ohm/m)

R = 1.925 10
R20 := Ro
(D.C. Resistance of condcutor at 20C, Ohm/m)
R20 = 1.51 10
1.1. Cables in trough

1.1.1 Skin Effect Factor
xs :=
ys :=
8 fc
R
xs
( 10 7) ks
(Factor)
xs = 1.695
(Skin effect factor)
192 + 0.8xs
ys = 0.0415
1.1.2 Proximity effect factor

xp :=
8 fc
R
10
(Factor for conduits)
kp
xp = 1.554
4
2
d 2
192 + 0.8 x 4
xp
c
dc
( p)
yp( s) :=
0.312 + 1.18
4
4
s
192 + 0.8xp4 s
xp) + 0.27192 + 0.8 ( xp)
(
( )
yp str = 0.006
1.1.3 AC Resistance of the Conductor
( ))
Rcac_tr := R 1 + ys + yp s tr
(A.C. resistance of conductor at max. operating temperature , Ohm/m)

5
Rcac_tr = 2.017 10
13
22.03.2013
( ))
Rcac_tr20 := R20 1 + ys + yp s tr
(A.C. resitance of condcutor at 20C temperature, Ohm/m)

Rcac_tr20 = 1.6 10
1.2 Cables in HDD

1.2.1 Skin effect factor
ys = 0.0415
yp shdd = 0.00469
1.2.3 AC Resistance of the Conductor
Rcac_hdd := R 1 + ys + yp shdd
))
(A.C. resistance of conductor at max. operating temperature,

Ohm/m)
Rcac_hdd = 2.014 10
Rcac_hdd20 := R20 1 + ys + yp shdd
))
(A.C. resistance of conductor at 20C temperature, Ohm/m)

5
Rcac_hdd20 = 1.6 10
1.3 Cables in Duct Bank at Road crossing

1.3.1 Skin effect factor
ys = 0.0415
( )
yp src = 0.00263
1.3.3 AC Resistance of the conductor
( ))
Rcac_rc := R 1 + ys + yp src
(A.C. resistance of conductor at max. operating temperature, Ohm/mm)

5
Rcac_rc = 2.01 10
14
22.03.2013
( ))
Rcac_rc20 := R20 1 + ys + yp src
(A.C. resistance of conductor at 20C temperature, Ohm/m)

5
Rcac_rc20 = 1.6 10
2. Dielectric Loss per Unit Length for the Insulation

C :=
din
18. ln
dc1

U o :=
10
(Capacitance of each pahse against the screen surrounding, F/m/phase)

C = 268.7 10
Up_132
(Phase to neutral voltage, V)
3
Ic := Uo C 10
(Charging current per conductor, A/km)
2
Wd := C Uo tan ( )
(Dielectric losses per unit length per phase, W/m)
12
3
U o = 76.2 10
Ic = 6.43
Wd = 0.49
3. Loss Factor for the Metallic Screen and Sheath

(1) Equivalent Resistance of Lead Sheath
( )
klead m := 1 + m 20 lead
(Factor)
klead20 := 1.05
( )
Rs lead m :=
lead
k
Alead lead( m)
lead
k
( 20)
Alead lead
= 208.39 10
(D.C. resistance of the lead sheath at theta C, Ohm/m)
(Max. D.C. metallic sheath resistance at 20C, Ohm/m)
(2) General
( )
m m :=
10 7
Rs
lead( m)
( )
( )
s m := lead klead m
( )
1 m :=
(Electrical resistivity of the lead sheath at screen temperature)
( 107) s( m)
15
22.03.2013
( )
gs m := 1
(Note - For lead sheath cables gs can be take as unity and
( 1 ts) 4
12 10
can be neglected - IEC 60287-1-1)
12
3.1 Circulation Loss Factor (Cl.2.3.6.2 of IEC 60287-1-1)

(1) Circulating loss calculation for three single-core cables in flat formation, without transposition, sheathes
bonded at both ends (Clause 2.3.2)
7.
X flat( s) := 2. 10
X m_flat := 2 10
dlead
2s
ln
(Reactance of Sheath per unit length, Ohm/m)
ln( 2 )
(Mutual reactance per unit length of cable between the sheath of an outer cable and
conductor, Ohm/m)
6
X m_flat = 43.552 10
P ( s ) := Xflat( s) + X m_flat
Q ( s) := Xflat( s)
X m_flat
(a) Centre Cable
'1flat_a m , s , Rac :=
( )
Rslead m
Q ( s)
Rac
2
2
Rs
lead( m) + Q( s)
'1flat_cba m , s , Rac := '1flat_a m , s , Rac 0.004
(Where lenghts of minor sections are unknow, multiply by factor of 0.004)
(b)Outer cable Leading phase
'1flat_b m , s , Rac :=
( )
Rslead m
0.75 P( s )
Rac
2
2
Rs
lead( m) + P( s)
'1flat_cbb m , s , Rac := '1flat_b m , s , Rac 0.004
0.25 Q( s)
( )
Rs lead m
2
+
+ Q( s)
( )
2
2
2
2
3 + Rs lead( m) + P( s) Rslead( m) + Q( s )
2 Rslead m P( s) Q( s) Xm_flat
(b)Outer cable Lagging phase
'1flat_c m , s , Rac :=
( )
Rslead m
0.75 P( s)
Rac
2
2
Rs
lead( m) + P( s)
0.25 Q ( s)
( )
Rslead m
16
+ Q ( s)
+
2
( )
2
2
2
2
3 + Rslead( m) + P( s ) Rs lead( m) + Q( s)
2 Rs lead m P( s) Q ( s) X m_flat
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'1flat_cbc m , s , Rac := '1flat_c m , s , Rac 0.004
(2) Circulating loss calculation for three single-core cables in trefoil formation bonded at both ends (Clause 2.3.1)
X tref( s) := 2. 10
2.s
dlead
7.
ln
(Reactance of Sheath per unit length, Ohm/m)
X tref shdd = 1.006 10
'1_tref m , s , Rac :=
( )
Rslead m
Rac
Rslead( m)
1+
Xtref( s )
'1_tref_cb m , s , Rac := '1_tref m , s , Rac 0.004
3.2 Eddy Current Loss Factor (Cl.2.3.6.1 of IEC 60287-1-1)

(1) Eddy Current loss calculation formula for the three single-core cables in trefoil formation
2
m 2 d
( m) lead
0_t ( m , s) := 3
2 2s
1 + m( m)
d
2.45
lead
1_t ( m , s ) := 1.14 m( m)
+ 0.33
2s
0.92 m( m) + 1.66
2_t m , s := 0
"1_t m , s , Rac :=
Rslead( m)
g
, s 1 + 1_t ( m , s) + 2_t ( m , s ) )
s( m) 0_t ( m ) (
Rac
(2) Eddy Current loss calculation formula for three single-core cables in flat formation
a) Centre cable:
2
m 2 d
( m) lead
0a( m , s ) := 6
1 + m( m) 2 2s
( Eddy current loss factor for cables in trough)
17
22.03.2013
d
3.08 lead
1a m , s := 0.86 m m
2s
1.4 m( m) + 0.7
( )
2a m , s := 0
Rslead( m)
g , s 1 + 1a( m , s) + 2a( m , s ) )
s( m) 0a( m ) (
Rac
"1a m , s , Rac :=
b) Outer cable leading phase:

2
m 2 d
( m) lead (Eddy current loss factor for cables in trough)
0b( m , s) := 1.5
1 + m( m) 2 2 s
d
0.7 lead
1b( m , s ) := 4.7 m( m)
2s
d
3.3 lead
2b( m , s ) := 21 m( m)
2s
"1b m , s , Rac :=
0.16 m( m) + 2
1.47 m( m) + 5.06
Rslead( m)
g , s 1 + 1b( m , s) + 2b( m , s ) )
s( m) 0b( m ) (
Rac
C) Outer cable lagging phase:

2
m 2 d
( m) lead
0c( m , s ) := 1.5
1 + m( m) 2 2 s
1c m , s :=
( ( ) ) ( )
2
2 + ( m( m) 0.3)
0.74 m m + 2 m m
0.5
d
3.7 lead
2c( m , s) := 0.92 m( m)
2 s
"1c m , s , Rac :=
(Eddy current loss factor for cables in trough)
dlead
2s
( )
m m + 1
( )
m m + 2
Rslead( m)
g , s 1 + 1c( m , s) + 2c( m , s ) )
s( m) 0c( m ) (
Rac
18
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3.3 Loss Factor for Sheath and screen

3.3.1 Loss Factor for Sheath in trough
Rs lead ms = 258.403 10
'1flat_cba ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0043 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of centre cable)
'1flat_cbb ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0095 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of outer leading cable)
'1flat_cbc ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0095 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of outer lagging cable)
"1a ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0577
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of centre cable)
"1b ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0152

"1c ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0152
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of outer cable leading phase)
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of outer cable lagging phase)
1a_tr m , s , Rac := '1flat_cba m , s , Rac + "1a m , s , Rac
(Loss factor for metallic screens/sheath for cables in trough, phase 1)
1a_tr ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0621
1b_tr m , s , Rac := '1flat_cbb m , s , Rac + "1b m , s , Rac
1b_tr ms , s tr , Rcac_tr = 0.0247
1c_tr m , s , Rac := '1flat_cbc m , s , Rac + "1c m , s , Rac
1c_tr ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0247
1_tr := 1a_tr ms , str , Rcac_tr = 0.0621
(Loss factor used for current rating calculation)
19
22.03.2013
3.3.2 Loss Factor for Sheath and Screen in HDD
Rs lead ms = 258.4 10
'1_tref_cb ms , shdd , Rcac_hdd = 0.0067
(Circulating current loss factor)
"1_t ms , shdd , Rcac_hdd = 0.0233 (Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of centre cable)
1_hddf m , s , Rac := '1_tref_cb m , s , Rac + "1_t m , s , Rac
(Loss factor for metallic screen/sheath for trefoil formation)
1_hddf ms , shdd , Rcac_hdd = 0.03
1_hdd := 1_hddf ms , shdd , Rcac_hdd = 0.03
(Loss factor used for current rating calculation)
3.3.3 Loss Factor for Sheath and Screen in Road crossing
Rs lead ms = 258.403 10
'1flat_cba ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0072 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of centre cable)
'1flat_cbb ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0127 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of outer leading cable)
'1flat_cbc ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0127 (Circulating current loss factor on lead sheath of outer lagging cable)
"1a ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0257
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of centre cable)
"1b ms , src , Rcac_rc = 6.584 10

"1c ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0066
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of outer cable leading phase)
(Eddy current loss factor on lead sheath of outer cable lagging phase)
1a_rc m , s , Rac := '1flat_cba m , s , Rac + "1a m , s , Rac
1a_rc ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0329
20
22.03.2013
1b_rc m , s , Rac := '1flat_cbb m , s , Rac + "1b m , s , Rac
1b_rc ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0193
1c_rc m , s , Rac := '1flat_cbc m , s , Rac + "1c m , s , Rac
1c_rc ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0193
1_rc := 1a_rc ms , src , Rcac_rc = 0.0329 (Loss factor used for current rating calculation)
4. Calculation of Thermal Resistance

4.1 Thermal Resistance between on conductor and sheath, T1
(Cl.2.1.1.1 of IEC 60271-2-1)
4.1.1 Thermal Resistance of binder tape over conductor
b dc0
T10 :=
ln
2 dc
(Thermal resistance between one conductor and S/C, K.m/W)
T10 = 0.0375
4.1.2 Thermal Resistance of S/C screen over binder tape

sc dc1
T11 :=
ln
2 dc0
(Thermal resistance between one conductor and insulation sheath,

K.m/W)
T11 = 0.0247
4.1.3 Thermal Resistance of XLPE insulation

T12 :=
xlpe
din
dc1

ln
(Thermal resistance between one conductor and S/C, K.m/W)

T12 = 0.2764
4.1.4 Thermal Resistance of S/C screen over insulation

sc dbst
T13 :=
ln
2 din
(Thermal resistance between one conductor and metallic sheath,

K.m/W)
T13 = 0.0171
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4.1.5 Thermal Resistance of S/C Bedding below Lead Sheath

b
T14 :=
dbcs
dbst
ln
(Thermal resistance between Swelling tape, K.m/W)

T14 = 0.0199
4.1.6 Thermal Resistance one conductor and sheath, T1

T1 := T10 + T11 + T12 + T13 + T14
T1 = 0.3757
4.2 Thermal Resistance between Sheath and Armour, T2

(Cl. 2.1.2 of IEC 60287-2-1)
T2 := 0
(No armouring)
T2 = 0
4.3 Thermal Resistanceof outer covering, T3 (Cl. 2.1.3 of IEC 60287-2-1)
T3 :=
pe
ln1 +
2.tos
dals
(Thermal resistance of outer cover, K.m/W)

T3 = 0.0529
4.4 Thermal Resistanceof cable surrounding, T4 (Cl. 2.2 of IEC 60287-2-1)

4.4.1 Cables in trough
For 3 cables having unequal sheath losses, laid in flat formation and equally spaced apart
u :=
( 2.hg1ca_tr)
u = 21.158
do
u1 := lnu +
2
u 1
soil
2 hg1ca_tr
T4trn( soil) :=
u1 + ln1 +

2
str
u1 = 3.745
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in

trough (to used at numerator of the final formula), K.m/W
( )
T4trn st = 1.632
22
22.03.2013
soil
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_tr ( ms , s tr , Rcac_tr) + 1c_tr ( ms , s tr , Rcac_tr) ) 2 hg1ca_tr
T4trd( soil) :=
( u1) +
ln 1 +
str
2
( 1 + 1b_tr ( ms , str , Rcac_tr) )
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in trough (to used at
denominator of the final formula), K.m/W
( )
T4trd st = 1.649
4.4.2 Cables in HDD

For 3 cables having equal sheath losses, laid in trefoil formation and equally spaced apart
4.4.2.1 Thermal resistance of bentonite between cable and pipe
T41hdd :=
bentonite dipipe_hdd
(Thermal resistance of bentonite between cable and pipe, K.m/W)
ln
do
2
T41hdd = 0.1004
4.4.2.2 Thermal resistance of pipe material
T42hdd :=
pe dopipe_hdd
ln
2 dipipe_hdd
(Thermal resistance of pipe material, K.m/W)
T42hdd = 0.0797
4.4.2.3 Thermal resistance of soil

Hhl := Lhdd shdd
Hbl := Lhdd + shdd
uland :=
Hhl = 7113
(Burial depth of the deepst cable, mm)
Hbl = 7307
(u is calculated with reference to the centre line of the deepest ducts(non-touching

ducts)
uland = 64.954
dopipe_hdd
u 2 1
land
soil
u1
+ ln
land
2
T4land soil :=
(Burial depth of the upmost cable, mm)
2.Hbl
u1land := lnuland +
u1land = 4.867
2
2
( 2 Hbl) + ( shdd)
+ ln
s hdd
( 2 Hhl)
2
2 shdd
( Hbl Hhl) +

2
2
23
shdd
+
T4land hdd = 2.099
22.03.2013
4.4.2.4 Total Thermal resistance of cable surrounding T4
T4hdd soil := T41hdd + T42hdd + T4land soil
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in HDD, K.m/W:
T4hdd hdd = 2.3
4.4.3 Cable in duct at road crossing (reference to hottest cable: n3)

For 3 cables having unequal sheath losses, laid in flat formation and equally spaced apart
4.4.3.1 Thermal resistance of bentonite between cable and pipe
T41rc :=
bentonite dipipe_rc
ln
2 do

T41rc = 0.0876
4.4.3.2 Thermal resistance of pipe material
T42rc :=
pvc dopipe_rc
ln
2 dipipe_rc

T42rc = 0.1006
4.4.3.3 External thermal resistance of pipe material
x :=
1 H DB 4
W
2
DB

2
2
W
DB

HDB
H
ln1 + 2 + ln DB
WDB
2
H 2
DB
2
rb := e
uDB :=
(Equivalent radius of the duct bank, mm)
rb = 357.897
hgDB
uDB = 3.423
rb
T43_corr soil :=
2
N
( soil concrete ) lnuDB + uDB 1

2
24
( )
T43_corr sr = 0.182
22.03.2013
4.4.3.4 Thermal resistance of cable sorrounding T4
ur :=
2 hg1ca_rc
ur = 12.731
dopipe_rc
u1r := lnur +
u 2 1
r
u1r = 3.236
concrete
2 hg1ca_rc
T43m( soil) :=
u1r + ln1 +
+ T43_corr ( soil)
src
2


duct bank (to used at numerator of the final formula), K.m/W
( )
T43m sr = 1.379
2
concrete
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_rc( ms , src , Rcac_rc) + 1c_rc( ms , src , Rcac_rc) ) 2 hg1ca_rc
T43rd( soil) :=
u1r +
ln 1 +
+ T43_corr ( soil)
src
1 + 1b_rc ( ms , src , Rcac_rc) )
2
(

duct bank (to used at denominator of the final formula), K.m/W
( )
T43rd sr = 1.384
4.4.3.5 Total Thermal resistance of cable surrounding T4
T4m soil := T41rc + T42rc + T43m soil
External thermal resistance for current rating calculation in duct

bank to be used at numerator of the final formula, K.m/W)
( )
T4m sr = 1.5677
T4rc soil := T41rc + T42rc + T43rd soil
External thermal resistance for current rating calculation in duct

bank to be used at the denominator of the final formula, K.m/W)
( )
T4rc sr = 1.5723
25
22.03.2013
5. Conductor Temperature Rise above the Ambient Temperature

tr := max cground
(Temperature rise of the conductor with respect to the surroundings of trough, C)

tr = 50
hdd := max cground
(Temperature rise of the conductor with respect to the surroundings of HDD, C)

hdd = 50
rc := max cground
(Temperature rise of the conductor with respect to the surroundings of road crossing, C)
rc = 50
6. Continuous Current Carrying Capacity (A)

6.1 Cables in trough (Current as a function of soil thermal resistivity)
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1tr soil :=
(Variable thermal resistivity of soil, K.m/W)
) )
Rcac_tr T1 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) T2 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) ( T3 + T4trd( soil) )
P1 tr soil := I1tr soil U p_132 10
I1tr soil =
tr Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4trn soil
soil =
(Transmission Power in MVA)
P1 tr soil =
1237
0.8
282.8
1183.3
0.9
270.5
1136
259.7
1093.8
1.1
250.1
1055.9
1.2
241.4
1021.6
1.3
233.6
990.3
1.4
226.4
961.7
1.5
219.9
935.4
1.6
213.9
911
1.7
208.3
888.4
1.8
203.1
867.3
1.9
198.3
847.7
193.8
829.2
2.1
189.6
811.9
2.2
185.6
795.5
2.3
181.9
( )
(A)
( )
(MVA)
I1tr st = 1055.9
P1 tr st = 241.4
26
2
Wc_tr := I1tr st Rcac_tr = 22.485
( )
(kW/km)
Ws_tr := 1_tr Wc_tr = 1.396
(kW/km)
Wd_tr := Wd = 0.49
(kW/km)
Wtotal_tr := Wc_tr + Ws_tr + Wd_tr = 24.37
(kW/km)
22.03.2013
Final verification of the screen/sheath temperature
fin_tr soil := max T1 Rcac_tr I1tr soil
) +
2
Wd
( )
fin_tr st = 81.5
m_tr = 81.5
6.2 Cables in HDD (Current as a function of soil thermal resistivity)
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1hdd soil :=
) )
Rcac_hdd T1 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) T2 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) ( T3 + T4hdd( soil) )
P1 hdd soil := I1hdd soil Up_132 10

I1hdd soil =
hdd Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4hdd soil
soil =
1018
0.8
232.8
973
0.9
222.5
934
213.4
898
1.1
205.4
867
1.2
198.1
838
1.3
191.6
812
1.4
185.6
788
1.5
180.1
766
1.6
175.1
746
1.7
170.5
727
1.8
166.1
709
1.9
162.1
693
158.4
677
2.1
154.8
663
2.2
151.5
649
2.3
148.4
P1 hdd soil =
(A)
(MVA)
I1hdd hdd = 933.6

P1 hdd hdd = 213.4
2
Wc_hdd := I1hdd hdd Rcac_hdd = 17.558
(kW/km)
Ws_hdd := 1_hdd Wc_hdd = 0.527
(kW/km)
Wd_hdd := Wd = 0.49
(kW/km)
Wtotal_hdd := Wc_hdd + Ws_hdd + Wd_hdd = 18.57 (kW/km)
27
22.03.2013
fin_hdd soil := max T1 Rcac_hdd I1hdd soil
) +
Wd
fin_tr hdd = 80.1

m_hdd = 80
6.3 Cables in ducts at road crossing (Current as a function of soil thermal resistivity)
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1rc soil :=
) )
Rcac_rc T1 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) T2 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) ( T3 + T4rc( soil) )
P1 rc soil := I1rc soil U p_132 10
I1rc soil =
rc Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4m soil
soil =
P1 rc soil =
1208
0.8
276.3
1175
0.9
268.7
1145
261.8
1117
1.1
255.3
1090
1.2
249.3
1066
1.3
243.7
1043
1.4
238.4
1021
1.5
233.5
1001
1.6
228.8
982
1.7
224.5
964
1.8
220.3
946
1.9
216.4
930
212.6
914
2.1
209
899
2.2
205.6
885
2.3
202.4
( )
(A)
( )
(MVA)
I1rc sr = 1090
P1 rc sr = 249.3
( )
2
Wc_rc := I1hdd sr Rcac_rc = 15.099
Ws_rc := 1_rc Wc_rc = 0.497
Wd_rc := Wd = 0.49
Wtotal_rc := Wc_rc + Ws_rc + Wd_rc = 16.09
28
22.03.2013
Wd
) 2 +
fin_rc soil := max T1 Rcac_rc I1rc soil
( )
fin_rc sr = 80.9
m_rc = 80.5
7. Reduction Factors
7.1 RF1= Cables in trough for various Depths and Laying - distance from ground surface to cable axis
hgca := 600 , 700 .. 2000
(Variable Distances of Cables from ground surface, mm)
( 2.hr)
ut_RF1( hr) :=
do
u1t_RF1( hr) := lnut_RF1( hr) +
soil
2 hr
u1t_RF1( hr) + ln1 +

2
str
soil
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) + 1c_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) ) 2 hr 2
u1t_RF1( hr) +
ln 1 +
str
1 + 1b_tr ( ms , str , Rcac_tr) )
2
(
T4trn_RF1 soil , hr :=
2
ut_RF1( hr) 1
T4trd_RF1 soil , hr :=

I1tr_RF1 soil , hr :=
(
) )
Rcac_tr T1 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) T2 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) ( T3 + T4trd_RF1( soil , hr) )
tr Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4trn_RF1 soil , hr
P1 tr_RF1 soil , hr := I1tr_RF1 soil , hr Up_132 10
RF1 t soil , hr :=
I1tr_RF1( soil , hr)
I1tr( st)
29
22.03.2013
hgca =
RF1 t st , hgca =
I1tr_RF1 st , hgca =
1600
1800
P1 tr_RF1 st , hgca =
600
1.099
1160
265
700
1.071
1131
259
800
1.048
1107
253
900
1.03
1087
249
1000
1.014
1070
245
1100
1056
241
1200
0.988
1043
238
1300
0.977
1031
236
1400
0.967
1021
233
1500
0.958
1012
231
1600
0.95
1003
229
1700
0.943
995
228
1800
0.936
988
226
1900
0.929
981
224
2000
0.923
975
223
Transmission Power, MVA
270
257.5
P1 tr_RF1 st , hgca
245
232.5
220
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2000
hgca
Cable Laying depth, mm
30
22.03.2013
7.2 RF2= Cables in HDD crossing for various Depths and Laying - distance from ground surface to cable axis
hgca := 3500 , 4000 .. 15000
Hhl_RF2 ( hr) := hr shdd

Hbl_RF2 ( hr) := hr + shdd
uRF2( hr) :=
3
3
2. Hbl_RF2( hr)
(u RF2 is calculated with reference to the centre line of the deepest
dopipe_hdd
ducts(non-touching ducts)
u1c_RF2( hr) := lnuRF2( hr) +
T43c_RF2 soil , hr :=
u ( hr) 2 1
RF2

soil
u
( hr) + ln
1c_RF2
2
2
( 2 Hbl_RF2 ( hr) ) + ( shdd)
+ ln
s hdd
( 2 Hhl_RF2( hr) )
2
s
2 hdd
( Hbl_RF2( hr) Hhl_RF2( hr) ) +

2
2
shdd
+
T4c_RF2 soil , hr := T41hdd + T42hdd + T43c_RF2 soil , hr
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in HDD, K.m/W:
T4hdd hdd = 2.3
I1hdd_RF2 soil , hr :=
) )
Rcac_hdd T1 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) T2 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) ( T3 + T4c_RF2( soil , hr) )
P1 hdd_RF2 soil , hr := I1hdd_RF2 soil , hr U p_132 10
RF2 t soil , hr :=
hdd Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4c_RF2 soil , hr
I1hdd_RF2( soil , hr)
I1hdd( hdd)
31
22.03.2013
hgca =
RF2 t hdd , hgca =
I1hdd_RF2 hdd , hgca = P1 hdd_RF2 hdd , hgca =
3500
1.073
1002
229
4000
1.059
988
226
4500
1.046
977
223
5000
1.035
967
221
5500
1.026
958
219
6000
1.018
950
217
6500
1.01
943
216
7000
1.003
937
214
7500
0.997
931
213
8000
0.991
925
212
8500
0.986
920
210
9000
0.981
916
209
9500
0.976
911
208
10000
0.972
907
207
10500
0.968
904
207
11000
0.964
900
206
11500
0.96
897
205
12000
0.957
893
204
12500
0.954
890
204
13000
0.951
887
203
13500
0.948
885
202
14000
0.945
882
202
14500
0.942
880
201
15000
0.94
877
201
230
222.5
P1 hdd_RF2 hdd , hgca
215
207.5
200
3500
5142.9
6785.7
8428.6
10071.4
11714.3
13357.1
15000
hgca

32
22.03.2013
7.3 RF3= Cables in ductbank for road crossing for various Depths and Laying - distance from ground
surface to cable axis
hgca := 600 , 700 .. 2000
do
hgDB( hr) := hr +
uDB_RF3 ( hr) :=

H DB
hgDB( hr)
rb
T4r_corr_RF3 soil , hr :=
urc_RF3( hr) :=
+ tpipe_rc dopipe_rc 200 +
2
N
( soil concrete ) lnuDB_RF3 ( hr) + uDB_RF3 ( hr) 1

2
2 hr
dopipe_rc
u1rc_RF3( hr) := lnurc_RF3( hr) +
T43rn_RF3 soil , hr :=
2
urc_RF3( hr) 1
concrete
2 hr
u1rc_RF3( hr) + ln1 +

+ T4r_corr_RF3( soil , hr)
str
2


T43rd_RF3 soil , hr :=
concrete
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_rc( ms , src , Rcac_rc) + 1c_rc( ms , s rc , Rcac_rc) ) 2 hr 2
u1rc_RF3( hr) +
ln 1 +
str
1 + 1b_rc ( ms , src , Rcac_rc) )
2
(
...
+ T4r_corr_RF3 soil , hr
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in duct bank (to used at
T4rn_RF3 soil , hr := T41rc + T42rc + T43rn_RF3 soil , hr

T4rd_RF3 soil , hr := T41rc + T42rc + T43rd_RF3 soil , hr
I1rc_RF3 soil , hr :=

) )
Rcac_rc T1 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) T2 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) ( T3 + T4rd_RF3 ( soil , hr) )
rc Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4rn_RF3 soil , hr
33
22.03.2013
P1 rc_RF3 soil , hr := I1rc_RF3 soil , hr Up_132 10
RF3 t soil , hr :=
I1rc_RF3( soil , hr)
I1rc( sr)
hgca =
RF3 t sr , hgca =
I1rc_RF3 sr , hgca =
1600
1800
P1 rc_RF3 sr , hgca =
600
1.093
1192
273
700
1.063
1159
265
800
1.04
1134
259
900
1.02
1112
254
1000
1.004
1094
250
1100
0.989
1079
247
1200
0.977
1065
244
1300
0.966
1053
241
1400
0.956
1043
238
1500
0.947
1033
236
1600
0.939
1024
234
1700
0.932
1016
232
1800
0.925
1009
231
1900
0.918
1002
229
2000
0.913
995
228
275
263
P1 rc_RF3 sr , hgca
) 251
239
227
600
800
1000
1200
1400
2000
hgca

34
22.03.2013
7.4 RF4= Cables in trough for for various ground temperatures

ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
RF4 ground := max ground
I1c_RF4 soil , ground :=
( ) )
n
p
RF4 ground Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4trn soil
P1 c_RF4 soil , ground := I1c_RF4 soil , ground Up_132 10
RF4 c soil , ground :=
ground =
I1c_RF4( soil , ground)
I1rc( st)
RF4 c st , ground = I1c_RF4 st , ground = P1 c_RF4 st , ground =
30
1.062
1158
265
31
1.053
1149
263
32
1.044
1139
260
33
1.035
1129
258
34
1.026
1119
256
35
1.016
1108
253
36
1.007
1098
251
37
0.997
1088
249
38
0.988
1077
246
39
0.978
1067
244
40
0.968
1056
241
41
0.958
1045
239
42
0.948
1034
236
43
0.938
1023
234
44
0.928
1012
231
45
0.918
1001
229
46
0.907
989
226
47
0.897
978
224
48
0.886
966
221
49
0.875
954
218
50
0.864
942
215
35
22.03.2013
7.5 RF5= Cables in HDD crossing for for various ground temperatures
soil := 20 , 21 .. 40
RF5 soil := max soil
I1c_RF5 soil , soil :=
) )
n
p
P1 c_RF5 soil , soil := I1c_RF5 soil , soil U p_132 10
RF5 c soil , soil :=
soil =
RF5 soil Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4hdd soil
I1c_RF5( soil , soil)
I1hdd( hdd)
RF5 c hdd , soil =
I1c_RF5 hdd , soil =
20
1.187
1109
253
21
1.179
1101
252
22
1.17
1092
250
23
1.161
1084
248
24
1.152
1076
246
25
1.144
1068
244
26
1.135
1059
242
27
1.125
1051
240
28
1.116
1042
238
29
1.107
1034
236
30
1.098
1025
234
31
1.088
1016
232
32
1.079
1007
230
33
1.069
998
228
34
1.06
989
226
35
1.05
980
224
36
1.04
971
222
37
1.03
962
220
38
1.02
953
218
39
1.01
943
216
40
934
213
36
P1 c_RF5 hdd , soil =
22.03.2013
7.6 RF6= Cables in Duct bank at road crossing for for various ground temperatures
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
RF6 ground := max ground
I1c_RF6 soil , ground :=
( ) )
n
p
RF6 ground Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4m soil
P1 c_RF6 soil , ground := I1c_RF6 soil , ground Up_132 10
RF6 c soil , ground :=
ground =
I1c_RF6( soil , ground)
I1rc( sr)
RF6 c sr , ground = I1c_RF6 sr , ground = P1 c_RF6 sr , ground =
30
1.097
1196
274
31
1.088
1186
271
32
1.078
1176
269
33
1.069
1166
266
34
1.059
1155
264
35
1.05
1145
262
36
1.04
1134
259
37
1.03
1123
257
38
1.02
1112
254
39
1.01
1102
252
40
1090
249
41
0.99
1079
247
42
0.979
1068
244
43
0.969
1057
242
44
0.958
1045
239
45
0.948
1033
236
46
0.937
1022
234
47
0.926
1010
231
48
0.915
998
228
49
0.904
986
225
50
0.892
973
222
37
22.03.2013
7.7 RF7= Cables in trough for for various cable separation

s ca := 200 , 250 .. 600
ut_RF7 :=
( 2.hg1ca_tr)
do
u1t_RF7 := lnut_RF7 +
2
ut_RF7 1
soil
2 hg1ca_tr External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in
T4trn_RF7( soil , s ) :=
u1t_RF7 + ln1 +
s
2

2
soil
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_tr ( ms , s tr , Rcac_tr) + 1c_tr ( ms , s tr , Rcac_tr) ) 2 hg1ca_tr
T4trd_RF7( soil , s ) :=
( u1t_RF7) +
ln 1 +

1 + 1b_tr ( ms , s tr , Rcac_tr) )
s
2

(
I1c_RF7 soil , s :=
(
) )
Rcac_tr T1 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) T2 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) ( T3 + T4trd_RF7( soil , s) )
tr Wd 0.5T1 + n T2 + T3 + T4trn_RF7 soil , s
P1 c_RF7 soil , s := I1c_RF7 soil , s U p_132 10
RF7 c soil , s :=
s ca =
I1c_RF7( soil , s)
I1tr( st)
RF7 c st , s ca =
I1c_RF7 st , s ca =
200
1056
241
250
1.022
1079
247
300
1.041
1099
251
350
1.058
1117
255
400
1.073
1133
259
450
1.087
1147
262
500
1.099
1161
265
550
1.111
1173
268
600
1.122
1184
271
P1 c_RF7 st , sca =
38
22.03.2013
8. Mirror principle applied for parallel unequally loaded cable circuits (Super position)
8.1 Cables in trough between 132 kV Brugg Circuit and 2 Circuits 400 kV Viscas
P a_400 := 100 , 200 .. 1200

D x02_x1 :=
(Variable loading of parallel running 400 kV cable, MVA)
( D400b_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr ) 2
(distance between X02 and X1, mm)

3
D x02_x1 = 5.500 10
D x02_x1m :=
( D400b_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr ) 2
(distance between X02 and mirror image X1, mm)

3
D x02_x1m = 5.923 10
D x02_x2 :=
( D400b_132_tr) 2 + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr ) 2

3
D x02_x2 = 4.900 10
D x02_x2m :=
( D400b_132_tr ) 2 + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr ) 2

3
D x02_x2m = 5.370 10
39
22.03.2013
( D400b_132_tr S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x3 :=

3
D x02_x3 = 4.300 10
( D400b_132_tr S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x3m :=

3
D x02_x3m = 4.829 10
( D400a_132_tr + S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x4 :=

3
D x02_x4 = 2.700 10
( D400a_132_tr + S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x4m :=

3
D x02_x4m = 3.482 10
( D400a_132_tr) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x5 :=

3
D x02_x5 = 2.100 10
( D400a_132_tr) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x5m :=

3
D x02_x5m = 3.040 10
( D400a_132_tr S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x6 :=
( D400a_132_tr S400_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
D x02_x6m :=

3
D x02_x6 = 1.500 10
2

3
D x02_x6m = 2.661 10
I400tr ( P ) :=
( P 1000)
(Current in the 400 kV circuit as a function of the transmitted power, A)
3 400 )
I400tr P 400tr = 1591
W400_atr( P) := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1a_tr_400 I400tr ( P )
+ Wd400
(Estimated losses in the 400 kV phase a circuit as a function of

the transmitted power P at 400 kV, W/m)
W400_atr P400tr = 27.911
W400_btr ( P ) := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1b_tr_400 I400tr ( P)
+ Wd400
(Estimated losses in the 400 kV phase b circuit as a function of

W400_btr P 400tr = 27.182
W400_ctr( P) := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1c_tr_400 I400tr ( P )
+ Wd400
(Estimated losses in the 400 kV phase c circuit as a function of

W400_ctr P400tr = 27.172
40
22.03.2013
x02_x1 soil , P :=
x02_x2 soil , P :=
x02_x3 soil , P :=
x02_x4 soil , P :=
x02_x5 soil , P :=
x02_x6 soil , P :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
Dx02_x1m
Dx02_x1
(Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power

of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
Dx02_x2m
Dx02_x2

Dx02_x3m
Dx02_x3

Dx02_x4m
Dx02_x4

of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
Dx02_x5m
Dx02_x5

Dx02_x6m
Dx02_x6

soil W400_atr( P ) ln
soil W400_btr ( P) ln
soil W400_ctr( P ) ln
soil W400_atr( P ) ln
soil W400_btr ( P) ln
soil W400_ctr( P ) ln
Ptr soil , P := x02_x1 soil , P + x02_x2 soil , P + x02_x3 soil , P + x02_x4 soil , P ...
+
x02_x5 soil , P + x02_x6 soil , P
(Total rise above ambient temperature at the surface of the X02 cable, whose rating is being determined, caused by the
power disspated by the other cables in group)
I1132_400tr soil , P :=
P1 132_400tr soil , P :=
( tr Ptr( soil , P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4trn( soil) )
I1132_400tr ( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
RF4 tr soil , P := RF4 c soil , cground + Ptr soil , P
))
(Reduction Factor due to 400 kV circuit)
41
22.03.2013
P a_400 =
I400tr P a_400 =
Ptr st , P a_400 =
RF4 tr st , P a_400 =
I1132_400tr st , P a_400 =
100
144
0.37
0.965
1052
200
289
0.55
0.963
1050
300
433
0.85
0.96
1047
400
577
1.28
0.956
1042
500
722
1.83
0.95
1036
600
866
2.5
0.943
1029
700
1010
3.3
0.935
1020
800
1155
4.21
0.926
1010
900
1299
5.25
0.915
998
1000
1443
6.41
0.903
985
1100
1588
7.69
0.889
970
1200
1732
9.1
0.874
953
0.97
Reduction Factor, RF4tr
0.95
I1132_400tr st , P 400tr = 969

0.93
RF4tr st , P a_400
(A)
P1 132_400tr sr , P 400tr = 222 (MVA)
)
0.92
0.9
0.88
100
283.3
466.7
650
833.3
1016.7
1200
P a_400
2
Wc_tr_final := I1132_400tr st , P400tr Rcac_tr = 18.947
Ws_tr_final := 1_tr Wc_tr_final = 1.176
Wd_tr_final := Wd = 0.49
Wtotal_tr_final := Wc_tr_final + Ws_tr_final + Wd_tr_final = 20.61 (Total Losses disspated by one phase of the 132 kV circuit, W/m)
42
22.03.2013
8.2 Cables in HDD between 132 kV Brugg Circuit and 400 kV Viscas Circuit
Hhl = 7113
(Burial depth of the upmost 132 kV cable, mm)
Hbl = 7307
(Burial depth of the deepst 132 kV cable, mm)
P b_400 := 50 , 100 .. 600
D y02_y1 :=
shdd
D400b_132_hdd
+ Hbl Hhl400
)2
(distance between Y02 and Y1, mm)

3
D y02_y1 = 5.890 10
D y02_y1m :=
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
+ Hbl + Hbl400
)2
(distance between Y02 and mirror image Y1, mm)

3
D y02_y1m = 15.901 10
43
22.03.2013
D y02_y2 :=
D y02_y2m :=
D y02_y3 :=
D y02_y3m :=
D y02_y4 :=
D y02_y4m :=
D y02_y5 :=
shdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
S 400_hdd
shdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
+ Hbl + Hbl400

3
D y02_y2m = 15.953 10

3
D y02_y3 = 5.750 10
+ Hbl + Hbl400

3
D y02_y3m = 15.849 10
+ Hbl Hhl400

3
D y02_y4 = 2.892 10
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
+ Hbl400 Hbl
S 400_hdd
2
3
D y02_y2 = 6.030 10
+ Hbl400 Hbl
S 400_hdd
S 400_hdd
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
+ Hbl + Hbl400

3
D y02_y4m = 15.050 10
S 400_hdd
+ Hhl400 Hbl

3
D y02_y5 = 3.032 10
D y02_y5m :=
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
S 400_hdd
+ Hbl + Hhl400

3
D y02_y5m = 14.761 10
D y02_y6 :=
D y02_y6m :=
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
S 400_hdd
2
2

3
D y02_y6 = 2.752 10
S 400_hdd
+ Hbl400 Hbl
+ Hbl + Hbl400

3
D y02_y6m = 15.024 10
44
22.03.2013
I400hdd( P) :=
( P 1000)
3 400 )
I400tr P 400hdd = 820
W400_hdd ( P ) := RAC_400_hdd 1 + 1_hdd_400 I400hdd( P )
+ Wd400
W400_hdd P 400hdd = 8.292
y02_y1 soil , P :=
2
1
y02_y2 soil , P :=
2
1
y02_y3 soil , P :=
2
1
y02_y4 soil , P :=
2
1
y02_y5 soil , P :=
2
1
y02_y6 soil , P :=
Dy02_y1m
Dy02_y1

of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
Dy02_y2m
Dy02_y2

Dy02_y3m
Dy02_y3

Dy02_y4m
Dy02_y4

of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
Dy02_y5m
Dy02_y5

of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable y02)
Dy02_y6m
Dy02_y6

of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
soil W400_hdd ( P ) ln
Phdd soil , P := y02_y1 soil , P + y02_y2 soil , P + y02_y3 soil , P + y02_y4 soil , P ...
+
y02_y5 soil , P + y02_y6 soil , P
(Total rise above ambient temperature at the surface of the Y02 cable, whose rating is being determined, caused by the
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
I1132_400hdd soil , P :=
P1 132_400hdd soil , P :=
( hdd Phdd( soil , P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4hdd( soil) )
I1132_400hdd ( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
RF5 hdd soil , P := RF5c soil , cground + Phdd soil , P

))
45
22.03.2013
P b_400 =
I400hdd Pb_400 =
Phdd hdd , Pb_400 =
RF5 hdd hdd , P b_400 =
I1132_400hdd hdd , P b_400 =
50
72
1.43
0.985
920
100
144
1.64
0.983
918
150
217
1.99
0.979
914
200
289
2.49
0.974
910
250
361
3.12
0.967
903
300
433
3.89
0.959
896
350
505
4.81
0.949
886
400
577
5.86
0.938
876
450
650
7.06
0.925
863
500
722
8.39
0.91
849
550
794
9.87
0.893
834
600
866
11.49
0.874
816
0.99
Reduction Factor, RF5hdd
0.97
I1132_400hdd hdd , P 400hdd = 828 (A)

P1 132_400hdd hdd , P 400hdd = 189 (MVA)
0.94
RF5hdd hdd , P b_400
)
0.92
0.89
0.87
50
141.7
233.3
325
416.7
508.3
600
P b_400
2
Wc_hdd_final := I1132_400hdd hdd , P400hdd Rcac_hdd = 13.799
Ws_hdd_final := 1_hdd Wc_hdd_final = 0.414
Wd_hdd_final := Wd = 0.49
Wtotal_hdd_final := Wc_hdd_final + Ws_hdd_final + Wd_hdd_final = 14.7
46
(Total Losses disspated by the 132 kV circuit, W/m)
22.03.2013
8.3 Road crossing ductbanks between 132 kV Brugg Circuit and 2 Circuits 400 kV Viscas
P c_400 := 100 , 150 .. 800

D k02_k1 :=
( D400b_132_rc + S400_rc) 2 + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc) 2
(distance between K02 and K1, mm)

3
D k02_k1 = 5.201 10
D k02_k1m :=
( D400b_132_rc + S400_rc ) 2 + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc ) 2
(distance between K02 and mirror image K1, mm)

3
D k02_k1m = 5.824 10
D k02_k2 :=
( D400b_132_rc ) 2 + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc ) 2

3
D k02_k2 = 4.901 10
D k02_k2m :=
( D400b_132_rc ) 2 + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc) 2

3
D k02_k2m = 5.558 10
D k02_k3 :=
( D400b_132_rc S400_rc) 2 + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc) 2

3
D k02_k3 = 4.601 10
47
22.03.2013
( D400b_132_rc S400_rc ) + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc )

2
D k02_k3m :=

3
D k02_k3m = 5.295 10
( D400a_132_rc + S400_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc)

2
D k02_k4 :=

3
D k02_k4 = 2.401 10
( D400a_132_rc + S400_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc)

2
D k02_k4m :=

3
D k02_k4m = 3.555 10
( D400a_132_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc )

2
D k02_k5 :=

3
D k02_k5 = 2.101 10
( D400a_132_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc )

2
D k02_k5m :=

3
D k02_k5m = 3.360 10
( D400a_132_rc S400_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc hg400_rc)

2
D k02_k6 :=

3
D k02_k6 = 1.802 10
( D400a_132_rc S400_rc) + ( hg1ca_rc + hg400_rc)

2
D k02_k6m :=

3
D k02_k6m = 3.181 10
I400rc ( P) :=
( P 1000)
3 400 )
I400rc P400rc = 1155
W400_arc ( P ) := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1a_rc_400 I400rc ( P )
+ Wd400

W400_arc P 400rc = 15.209
W400_brc ( P ) := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1b_rc_400 I400rc ( P)
+ Wd400

W400_brc P 400rc = 14.827
W400_crc ( P ) := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1c_rc_400 I400rc ( P )
+ Wd400

W400_crc P 400rc = 14.822
48
22.03.2013
k02_k1 soil , P :=
k02_k2 soil , P :=
k02_k3 soil , P :=
k02_k4 soil , P :=
k02_k5 soil , P :=
k02_k6 soil , P :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
Dk02_k1m (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power

Dk02_k1 of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_arc ( P ) ln
D k02_k2m (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power

D k02_k2 of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_brc ( P ) ln

Dk02_k3 of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_crc ( P ) ln

Dk02_k4 of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_arc ( P ) ln
D k02_k5m (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power

D k02_k5 of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_brc ( P ) ln

Dk02_k6 of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_crc ( P ) ln
Prc soil , P := k02_k1 soil , P + k02_k2 soil , P + k02_k3 soil , P + k02_k4 soil , P ...
+
k02_k5 soil , P + k02_k6 soil , P
(Total rise above ambient temperature at the surface of the K02 cable, whose rating is being determined, caused by the
I1132_400rc soil , P :=
P1 132_400rc soil , P :=
( rc Prc( soil , P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4m( soil) )
I1132_400rc ( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
RF6 rc soil , P := RF6c soil , cground + Prc soil , P
))
49
22.03.2013
P c_400 =
I400rc Pc_400 =
Prc sr , P c_400 =
RF6 rc sr , Pc_400 =
I1132_400rc sr , Pc_400 =
100
144
0.45
0.995
1086
150
217
0.54
0.994
1084
200
289
0.67
0.993
1083
250
361
0.84
0.991
1081
300
433
1.05
0.989
1079
350
505
1.29
0.987
1076
400
577
1.57
0.984
1073
450
650
1.89
0.981
1069
500
722
2.24
0.977
1065
550
794
2.64
0.973
1061
600
866
3.07
0.968
1056
650
938
3.53
0.963
1051
700
1010
4.04
0.958
1045
750
1083
4.58
0.952
1038
800
1155
5.16
0.946
1032
Reduction Factor, RF6rc
0.99
I1132_400rc sr , P400rc = 1032 (A)

P1 132_400rc sr , P 400rc = 236 (MVA)
0.98
RF6rc sr , P c_400
)
0.96
0.95
0.94
100
216.7
333.3
450
566.7
683.3
800
P c_400
2
Wc_rc_final := I1132_400rc sr , P 400rc Rcac_rc = 21.394
Ws_rc_final := 1_rc Wc_rc_final = 0.704
Wd_rc_final := Wd = 0.49
Wtotal_rc_final := Wc_rc_final + Ws_rc_final + Wd_rc_final = 22.59
(Total Losses disspated by the 132 kV circuit, W/m)
50
22.03.2013
9. Reduction Factors
9.1 RFX1= Cables in trough for various Depths and Laying with interacion of 400 kV circuits
hgca := 600 , 700 .. 2000
D x02_x1a( hr) :=
D x02_x1ma( hr) :=
D x02_x2a( hr) :=
D x02_x2ma( hr) :=
D x02_x3a( hr) :=
D x02_x3ma( hr) :=
D x02_x4a( hr) :=
D x02_x4ma( hr) :=
D x02_x5a( hr) :=
D x02_x5ma( hr) :=
D x02_x6a( hr) :=
D x02_x6ma( hr) :=
(Variable Distances of Cables axis from ground surface of 132 kV circuit, mm)
( D400b_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400b_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
( D400b_132_tr ) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400b_132_tr) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
( D400b_132_tr S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400b_132_tr S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr + S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr hg400_tr ) 2
( D400a_132_tr S400_tr ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_tr ) 2
51
22.03.2013
I400tra :=
( P400tr 1000)
(
3 400 )
I400tra = 1591
W400_atra := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1a_tr_400 I400tra
+ Wd400
W400_btra := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1b_tr_400 I400tra
W400_ctra := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1c_tr_400 I400tra
x02_x1a soil , hr :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
+ Wd400
+ Wd400

W400_atra = 27.911
W400_btra = 27.182
W400_ctra = 27.172
Dx02_x1ma( hr) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
Dx02_x1a( hr) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
soil W400_atra ln
soil W400_btra ln
soil W400_ctra ln
Dx02_x4a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
soil W400_atra ln
soil W400_btra ln
soil W400_ctra ln
Ptra soil , hr := x02_x1a soil , hr + x02_x2a soil , hr + x02_x3a soil , hr + x02_x4a soil , hr ...
+
x02_x5a soil , hr + x02_x6a soil , hr
ut_RFX1 ( hr) :=
( 2.hr)
do
52
22.03.2013
u1t_RFX1( hr) := lnut_RFX1( hr) +
2
ut_RFX1( hr) 1
soil
2 hr
T4trn_RFX1( soil , hr) :=

u1t_RFX1 ( hr) + ln 1 +

2
s tr
T4trd_RFX1 soil , hr :=

soil
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) + 1c_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) ) 2 hr 2
u1t_RFX1 ( hr) +
ln 1 +
str
2
( 1 + 1b_tr ( ms , str , Rcac_tr) )

I1tr_RFX1 soil , hr :=
( tr Ptra ( soil, hr) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4trn_RF1( soil, hr) )
Rcac_tr T1 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) T2 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) ( T3 + T4trd_RFX1( soil , hr) )
P1 tr_RFX1 soil , hr := I1tr_RFX1 soil , hr U p_132 10
RFX1 t soil , hr :=
hgca =
I1tr_RFX1( soil , hr)

I1132_400tr ( soil , P400tr )
Ptra st , hgca =
RFX1 t st , hgca =
I1tr_RFX1 st , hgca =
600
4.7
1.139
1104
252
700
5.4
1.101
1067
244
800
1.07
1037
237
900
6.6
1.043
1011
231
1000
7.2
1.02
989
226
1100
7.7
969
222
1200
8.2
0.982
951
218
1300
8.6
0.966
936
214
1400
0.951
922
211
1500
9.4
0.939
910
208
1600
9.7
0.927
899
205
1700
9.9
0.917
889
203
1800
10.1
0.908
880
201
1900
10.3
0.899
872
199
2000
10.5
0.892
864
198
53
P1 tr_RFX1 st , hgca =
22.03.2013
Reduction Factor, RFX1tr
1.14
1.09
1.04
RFX1t st , hgca
)
0.99
0.94
0.89
600
833.3
1066.7
1300
1533.3
1766.7
2000
hgca
Depth of cable circuit, mm
54
22.03.2013
9.2 RFY1= Cables in HDD crossing for various Depths & Laying with interaction of 400 kV circuits
hgca := 3500 , 4000 .. 15000
D y02_y1a( hr) :=
D y02_y1ma( hr) :=
D y02_y2a( hr) :=
D y02_y2ma( hr) :=
D y02_y3a( hr) :=
D y02_y3ma( hr) :=
D y02_y4a( hr) :=
D y02_y4ma( hr) :=
D y02_y5a( hr) :=
D y02_y5ma( hr) :=
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
+ hr Hhl400
shdd
D 400b_132_hdd
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
s hdd
D400b_132_hdd
2
+ hr + Hbl400
)2
+ Hbl400 hr
S400_hdd
)2
)2
+ hr + Hbl400
)2
+ hr Hhl400
s hdd
D 400a_132_hdd
s hdd
D 400a_132_hdd
2
+ Hbl400 hr
S400_hdd
shdd
D 400b_132_hdd
2
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
)2
S 400_hdd
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
+ hr + Hbl400
shdd
D 400b_132_hdd
2
S 400_hdd
)2
)2
+ hr + Hbl400
S 400_hdd
)2
+ Hhl400 hr
S 400_hdd
)2
+ hr + Hhl400
55
)2
22.03.2013
D y02_y6a( hr) :=
shdd
D400a_132_hdd
2
s hdd
D 400a_132_hdd
2
D y02_y6ma( hr) :=
I400hdda :=
( P400hdd 1000)
(
S 400_hdd
S 400_hdd
+ Hbl400 hr
+ hr + Hbl400
3 400 )
I400hdda = 820
W400_hdda := RAC_400_hdd 1 + 1_hdd_400 I400hdda
+ Wd400
W400_hdda = 8.292
y02_y1a soil , hr :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
Dy02_y1ma( hr) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
Dy02_y1a( hr) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
soil W400_hdda ln
soil W400_hdda ln
soil W400_hdda ln
Dy02_y4a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
soil W400_hdda ln
Dy02_y5a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable y02)
soil W400_hdda ln
Dy02_y6a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable Y02)
soil W400_hdda ln
Phdda soil , hr := y02_y1a soil , hr + y02_y2a soil , hr + y02_y3a soil , hr + y02_y4a soil , hr ...
+
y02_y5a soil , hr + y02_y6a soil , hr
(Total rise above ambient temperature at the surface of the Y02 cable, whose rating is being determined, caused by the
56
22.03.2013
Hhl_RFY1 ( hr) := hr shdd

Hbl_RFY1 ( hr) := hr + shdd
uRFY1( hr) :=
3
3
2. Hbl_RFY1 ( hr)
(u RF2 is calculated with reference to the centre line of the deepest
dopipe_hdd
ducts(non-touching ducts)
u1c_RFY1 ( hr) := lnuRFY1( hr) +
T43c_RFY1 soil , hr :=
2
u
RFY1( hr) 1
soil
u
1c_RF2( hr) + ln
2
2
( 2 Hbl_RFY1 ( hr) ) + ( s hdd)
+ ln
shdd
T4c_RFY1 soil , hr := T41hdd + T42hdd + T43c_RFY1 soil , hr
( 2 Hhl_RFY1 ( hr) )
2
2 shdd
( Hbl_RFY1 ( hr) Hhl_RFY1 ( hr) ) +

2
2
shdd
+
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in HDD, K.m/W
I1hdd_RFY1 soil , hr :=
( hdd Phdda( soil, hr) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4c_RFY1( soil, hr) )
Rcac_hdd T1 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) T2 + n Rcac_hdd ( 1 + 1_hdd) ( T3 + T4c_RFY1( soil , hr) )
P1 hdd_RFY1 soil , hr := I1hdd_RFY1 soil , hr Up_132 10
RFY1t soil , hr :=
I1hdd_RFY1 ( soil , hr)

I1132_400hdd ( soil , P400hdd)
57
22.03.2013
hgca =
Phdda hdd , hgca =
I1hdd_RFY1 hdd , hgca =
3500
5.7
942
4000
6.5
921
4500
7.2
901
5000
884
5500
8.7
868
6000
9.3
854
6500
9.9
842
7000
10.3
832
7500
10.5
824
8000
10.6
818
8500
10.6
814
9000
10.5
811
9500
10.3
810
10000
10
808
10500
9.8
808
11000
9.5
807
11500
9.2
807
12000
8.9
807
12500
8.7
807
13000
8.4
807
13500
8.1
807
14000
7.9
807
14500
7.7
807
15000
7.4
807
RFY1t hdd , hgca =
1.138
P1 hdd_RFY1 hdd , hgca =
215
210
1.112
206
1.089
202
1.068
199
1.049
195
1.032
193
1.018
190
1.005
188
0.996
187
0.989
186
0.984
185
0.98
185
0.978
185
0.977
185
0.976
185
0.976
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
185
0.975
Reduction Factor, RFY1hdd
1.14
1.11
1.07
RFY1t hdd , hgca
)
1.04
0.97
3500
5416.7
7333.3
9250
11166.7
13083.3
15000
hgca
58
22.03.2013
9.3 RFK1= Cables in ductbank for road crossing for various Depths and Laying with interaction of
400 kV circuits
hgca := 750 , 1000 .. 3000
D k02_k1a( hr) :=
D k02_k1ma( hr) :=
D k02_k2a( hr) :=
D k02_k2ma( hr) :=
D k02_k3a( hr) :=
D k02_k3ma( hr) :=
D k02_k4a( hr) :=
D k02_k4ma( hr) :=
D k02_k5a( hr) :=
D k02_k5ma( hr) :=
D k02_k6a( hr) :=
D k02_k6ma( hr) :=
(Variable Distances of Cables axis from ground surface, mm)
( D400b_132_rc + S400_rc ) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc) 2
( D400b_132_rc + S400_rc) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc ) 2

( D400b_132_rc ) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc ) 2
( D400b_132_rc ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc) 2
( D400b_132_rc S400_rc ) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc) 2
( D400b_132_rc S400_rc) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc ) 2

( D400a_132_rc + S400_rc) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc ) 2
( D400a_132_rc + S400_rc ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc) 2

( D400a_132_rc) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc) 2
( D400a_132_rc) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc ) 2
( D400a_132_rc S400_rc) 2 + ( hr hg400_rc ) 2
( D400a_132_rc S400_rc ) 2 + ( hr + hg400_rc) 2
59
22.03.2013
I400rca :=
( P400rc 1000)
(
3 400 )
I400rca = 1155
W400_arca := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1a_rc_400 I400rca
+ Wd400
W400_brca := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1b_rc_400 I400rca
W400_crca := RAC_400_rc 1 + 1c_rc_400 I400rca
k02_k1a soil , hr :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2

W400_arca = 15.209
+ Wd400

W400_brca = 14.827
+ Wd400

W400_crca = 14.822
Dk02_k1ma( hr) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
D k02_k1a( hr) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_arca ln
D k02_k2ma( hr) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
Dk02_k2a( hr) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_brca ln
D k02_k3a( hr) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_crca ln
D k02_k4a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_arca ln
D k02_k5ma( hr) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
Dk02_k5a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_brca ln
D k02_k6a( hr) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable K02)
soil W400_crca ln
Prca soil , hr := k02_k1a soil , hr + k02_k2a soil , hr + k02_k3a soil , hr + k02_k4a soil , hr ...
+
k02_k5a soil , hr + k02_k6a soil , hr
(Total rise above ambient temperature at the surface of the K02 cable, whose rating is being determined, caused by the
do
hgDB_RFK1( hr) := hr +
+ tpipe_rc dopipe_rc 200 + HDB
60
22.03.2013
hgDB_RFK1( hr)
uDB_RFK1( hr) :=
rb
T4r_corr_RFK1 soil , hr :=
urc_RFK1( hr) :=
2
N
( soil concrete) lnuDB_RFK1( hr) + uDB_RFK1( hr) 1

2
2hr
dopipe_rc
u1rc_RFK1 ( hr) := lnurc_RFK1( hr) +
T43rn_RFK1 soil , hr :=
2
urc_RFK1( hr) 1
concrete
2 hr
u1rc_RFK1( hr) + ln1 +

+ T4r_corr_RFK1 ( soil , hr)
2
str

T43rd_RFK1 soil , hr :=
concrete
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_rc( ms , s rc , Rcac_rc) + 1c_rc( ms , src , Rcac_rc) ) 2 hr 2
u1rc_RFK1( hr) +
ln 1 +
s tr
2
( 1 + 1b_rc ( ms , src , Rcac_rc) )
+ T4r_corr_RFK1 soil , hr
...
External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in duct bank (to used at
T4rn_RFK1 soil , hr := T41rc + T42rc + T43rn_RFK1 soil , hr
T4rd_RFK1 soil , hr := T41rc + T42rc + T43rd_RFK1 soil , hr
I1rc_RFK1 soil , hr :=

( rc Prca( soil, hr) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4rn_RFK1( soil , hr) )
Rcac_rc T1 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) T2 + n Rcac_rc ( 1 + 1_rc) ( T3 + T4rd_RFK1 ( soil , hr) )
P1 rc_RFK1 soil , hr := I1rc_RFK1 soil , hr U p_132 10
RFK1t soil , hr :=

I1rc_RFK1( soil , hr)

I1132_400rc ( soil , P400rc )
61
22.03.2013
hgca =
Prca sr , hgca =
RFK1t sr , hgca =
I1rc_RFK1 sr , hgca =
P1 rc_RFK1 sr , hgca =
750
3.337
1.062
1095
250
1000
4.282
1.007
1039
237
1250
5.094
0.967
998
228
1500
5.76
0.937
966
221
1750
6.274
0.913
942
215
2000
6.648
0.894
923
211
2250
6.898
0.879
907
207
2500
7.047
0.867
894
204
2750
7.115
0.857
884
202
3000
7.122
0.848
875
200
Reduction Factor, RFK1rc
1.1
1.05
RFK1t sr , hgca
)
0.94
0.89
0.84
750
1125
1500
1875
2250
2625
3000
hgca
62
22.03.2013
9.4 RFX2= Cables in trough for various soil resistivitiy with interacion of 400 kV circuits
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1tr_RFX2 soil , P :=
P1 tr_RFX2 soil , P :=
( tr Ptr( soil, P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4trn( soil) )
I1tr_RFX2( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
)
)
I1tr_RFX2 soil , P
RFX2 t soil , P :=
I1132_400tr st , P
soil =
RFX2 t soil , P 400tr =
I1tr_RFX2 soil , P 400tr =
P1 tr_RFX2 soil , P 400tr =
0.8
1.208
1171
268
0.9
1.147
1112
254
1.093
1059
242
1.1
1.044
1012
231
1.2
969
222
1.3
0.96
930
213
1.4
0.923
895
205
1.5
0.889
862
197
1.6
0.857
831
190
1.7
0.828
802
183
1.8
0.8
776
177
1.9
0.774
750
172
0.75
727
166
2.1
0.727
704
161
2.2
0.705
683
156
2.3
0.684
663
151
63
22.03.2013
1.2
1.1
RFX2t soil , P 400tr
)
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.3
soil
Soil thermal resistivity, C.m/W
9.5 RFY2= Cables in HDD crossing for various soil resistivity with interacion of 400 kV circuits
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1hdd_RFY2 soil , P :=
P1 hdd_RFY2 soil , P :=
RFY2t soil , P :=
( hdd Phdd( soil, P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4hdd( soil) )
I1132_400hdd ( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
(
)
I1132_400hdd ( hdd , P)
I1hdd_RFY2 soil , P
64
22.03.2013
soil =
RFY2t soil , P 400hdd =
I1hdd_RFY2 soil , P 400hdd =
P1 hdd_RFY2 soil , P 400hdd =
0.8
1.12
927
212
0.9
1.057
875
200
828
189
1.1
0.949
785
180
1.2
0.902
747
171
1.3
0.859
711
163
1.4
0.819
678
155
1.5
0.782
648
148
1.6
0.748
619
142
1.7
0.715
592
135
1.8
0.685
567
130
1.9
0.656
543
124
0.628
520
119
2.1
0.601
498
114
2.2
0.576
476
109
2.3
0.551
456
104
1.1
0.9
RFY2t soil , P 400hdd
)
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.3
soil
65
22.03.2013
9.6 RFK2= Cables in Duct bank for crossing for various soil resistivity with interacion of 400 kV
circuits
soil := 0.8 , 0.9 .. 2.3
I1rc_RFK2 soil , P :=
P1 rc_RFK2 soil , P :=
( rc Prc( soil, P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4m( soil) )
I1132_400rc ( soil , P) ( 3 132 )
1000
)
)
I1rc_RFK2 soil , P
RFK2t soil , P :=
I1132_400rc sr , P
soil =
RFK2t soil , P 400rc =
I1rc_RFK2 soil , P 400rc =
P1 rc_RFK2 soil , P400rc =
0.8
1.13
1165
266
0.9
1.094
1128
258
1.06
1094
250
1.1
1.029
1062
243
1.2
1032
236
1.3
0.973
1003
229
1.4
0.947
977
223
1.5
0.923
952
218
1.6
0.899
928
212
1.7
0.878
905
207
1.8
0.857
884
202
1.9
0.837
863
197
0.818
844
193
2.1
0.8
825
189
2.2
0.783
807
185
2.3
0.766
790
181
66
22.03.2013
1.13
Reduction Factor, RFK2rc
1.06
0.98
RFK2t soil , P 400rc
)
0.91
0.83
0.76
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.6
1.8
2.1
2.3
soil

9./ RFX3= Cables in trough for various soil temperatures with interacion of 400 kV circuits
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
RFX3 ground := max ground
I1tr_RFX3 soil , P , ground :=
P1 tr_RFX3 soil , P , ground :=
RFX3 t soil , P , ground :=
( RFX3 ( ground) Ptr( soil, P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4trn( soil) )

I1tr_RFX3( soil , P , ground) ( 3 132 )
1000
I1tr_RFX3 soil , P , ground
I1132_400tr soil , P
67
22.03.2013
ground =
RFX3 t st , P 400tr , ground =
I1tr_RFX3 st , P 400tr , ground = P1 tr_RFX3 st , P 400tr , ground =
30
1.114
1080
247
31
1.103
1070
245
32
1.092
1059
242
33
1.081
1048
240
34
1.07
1037
237
35
1.059
1026
235
36
1.047
1015
232
37
1.036
1004
229
38
1.024
992
227
39
1.012
981
224
40
969
222
41
0.988
957
219
42
0.976
946
216
43
0.963
933
213
44
0.95
921
211
45
0.938
909
208
46
0.925
896
205
47
0.911
883
202
48
0.898
870
199
49
0.885
857
196
50
0.871
844
193
1.12
1.07
1.02
RFX3t st , P 400tr , ground
)
0.97
0.92
0.87
30
33.3
36.7
40
43.3
46.7
50
ground
Soil Temperature, C
68
22.03.2013
9.8 RFY3= Cables in HDD crossing for various soil temperatures with interacion of 400 kV circuits
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
RFY3 ground := max ground
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
I1hdd_RFY3
soil , P , ground :=
P1 hdd_RFY3 soil , P , ground :=
RFY3t soil , P , ground :=
ground =
( RFY3( ground) Phdd( soil , P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4hdd( soil) )

I1hdd_RFY3 ( soil , P , ground) ( 3 132 )
1000
I1hdd_RFY3 soil , P , ground
I1132_400hdd soil , P
)
)
RFY3t hdd , P 400hdd , ground =
30
1.123
929
212
31
1.111
920
210
32
1.099
910
208
33
1.087
900
206
34
1.075
890
204
35
1.063
880
201
36
1.051
870
199
37
1.038
859
196
38
1.026
849
194
39
1.013
838
192
40
828
189
41
0.987
817
187
42
0.974
806
184
43
0.96
795
182
44
0.946
783
179
45
0.932
772
176
46
0.918
760
174
47
0.904
748
171
48
0.89
736
168
49
0.875
724
166
50
0.86
712
163
I1hdd_RFY3 hdd , P 400hdd , ground =P1 hdd_RFY3 hdd , P 400hdd , ground
69
22.03.2013
1.12
1.07
1.02
RFY3t hdd , P 400hdd , ground
)
0.96
0.91
0.86
30
33.3
36.7
40
43.3
46.7
50
ground
Soil Temperature, C
9.9 RFK3= Cables in Duct bank for crossing for various soil temperatures with interacion of 400
kV circuits
ground := 30 , 31 .. 50
RFK3 ground := max ground
I1rc_RFK3 soil , P , ground :=
P1 rc_RFK3 soil , P , ground :=
RFK3t soil , P , ground :=
( RFK3( ground) Prc( soil , P) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4m( soil) )

I1rc_RFK3( soil , P , ground) ( 3 132 )
1000
I1rc_RFK3 soil , P , ground
I1132_400rc soil , P
70
22.03.2013
ground =
RFK3t sr , P 400rc , ground =
I1rc_RFK3 sr , P 400rc , ground =
P1 rc_RFK3 sr , P400rc , ground =
30
1.108
1143
261
31
1.098
1132
259
32
1.087
1122
256
33
1.077
1111
254
34
1.066
1100
251
35
1.055
1089
249
36
1.045
1078
246
37
1.034
1066
244
38
1.022
1055
241
39
1.011
1043
239
40
1032
236
41
0.989
1020
233
42
0.977
1008
230
43
0.965
996
228
44
0.953
984
225
45
0.941
971
222
46
0.929
959
219
47
0.917
946
216
48
0.904
933
213
49
0.892
920
210
50
0.879
907
207
1.12
1.07
1.02
RFY3t hdd , P 400hdd , ground
)
0.97
0.92
0.87
30
33.3
36.7
40
43.3
46.7
50
ground
Soil Temperature, C
71
22.03.2013
9.10 RFX4= Cables in trough for various cable separation with interacion of 400 kV circuits
s ca := 200 , 250 .. 600
( )
D x02_x1b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x1mb sca :=
( )
D x02_x2b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x2mb sca :=
( )
D x02_x3b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x3mb sca :=
( )
D x02_x4b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x4mb sca :=
( )
D x02_x5b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x5mb sca :=
( )
D x02_x6b s ca :=
( )
D x02_x6mb sca :=
( D400b_132_tr + sca) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
( D400b_132_tr + sca) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
( D400b_132_tr) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
( D400b_132_tr sca) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
( D400b_132_tr sca) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
( D400a_132_tr + sca) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
( D400a_132_tr sca) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

)
( D400a_132_tr sca) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )

2
( D400a_132_tr) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
( D400a_132_tr + sca) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )

2
( D400b_132_tr ) + ( hg1ca_tr + hg400_tr )
( D400a_132_tr) + ( hg1ca_tr hg400_tr )
72
22.03.2013
I400trb :=
( P400tr 1000)
(
(Current in the 400 circuit as a function of the transmitted power, A)
3 400 )
I400trb = 1591
W400_atrb := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1a_tr_400 I400trb
+ Wd400

W400_atrb = 27.911
W400_btrb := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1b_tr_400 I400trb
+ Wd400

W400_btrb = 27.182
W400_ctrb := RAC_400_tr 1 + 1c_tr_400 I400trb
+ Wd400

W400_ctrb = 27.172
x02_x1b soil , sca :=
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
Dx02_x1mb( sca) (Temperature rise at the surface of cable produced by the power
Dx02_x1b( sca) of furthest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
soil W400_atrb ln
soil W400_btrb ln
soil W400_ctrb ln
Dx02_x4b( sca) of closest 400 kV circuit and disspated in cable X02)
soil W400_atrb ln
soil W400_btrb ln
soil W400_ctrb ln
Ptrb soil , sca := x02_x1b soil , s ca + x02_x2b soil , sca + x02_x3b soil , sca + x02_x4b soil , sca ...
+
x02_x5b soil , sca + x02_x6b soil , sca
73
22.03.2013
( 2.hg1ca_tr)
ut_RF7b :=
do
u1t_RF7b := lnut_RF7b +
2
ut_RF7b 1
2 External Thermal Resistance for current rating calculation in
soil
2 hg1ca_tr
T4trn_RF7b( soil , sca ) :=
u1t_RF7b + ln1 +

2
sca
2
soil
1 + 0.5 ( 1a_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) + 1c_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) ) 2 hg1ca_tr
T4trd_RF7b( soil , sca ) :=
( u1t_RF7b) +
ln 1 +
sca
2
( 1 + 1b_tr( ms , str , Rcac_tr) )
I1tr_RFX4 soil , s ca :=
( tr Ptrb( soil , sca) ) Wd 0.5T1 + n ( T2 + T3 + T4trn_RF7b( soil , sca) )

Rcac_tr T1 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) T2 + n Rcac_tr ( 1 + 1_tr ) ( T3 + T4trd_RF7b( soil , sca ) )
P1 tr_RFX4 soil , sca := I1tr_RFX4 soil , sca U p_132 10
RFX4 c soil , sca :=
s ca =
I1c_RF7( soil , sca)

I1132_400tr ( soil , P400tr )
RFX4 c st , sca =
200
1.089
250
300
I1tr_RFX4 st , sca =
974
223
1.113
995
228
1.134
1014
232
350
1.152
1029
235
400
1.169
1043
239
450
1.184
1056
241
500
1.197
1068
244
550
1.21
1078
246
600
1.222
1088
249
74
P1 tr_RFX4 st , sca =
22.03.2013
POWER CABLE
IMPEDANCE
CALCULATIONS
75
22.03.2013
Variable Data
K := 0.05
:=
Self impedance factor
Factor for calculation conductor mean self geometric distance
K
exp
0.2
= 0.779
dc
rGMD :=
Mean geometric conductor radius, mm

rGMD = 17.523
Avarage value for liss factor (cables in trough);
t := 1a_tr ms , str , Rcac_tr
1.
t = 0.062
Positive and negative sequence impedance

1

2.
s tr
3
3 3
Zab := Rcac_tr 10 ( 1 + t) + K + 0.2 ln
2 10 i
dc

Direct/Inverse sequence Impedance, Ohm/km

Zab = 0.021 + 0.168i
Zab = 0.169
2.
Zero sequence impedance

Rs acld :=
klead ms lead
A.C. Resistances of lead sheath , Ohm/km
Alead
3
3
4
Z0 := Rcac_tr 10 + Rsacld 10 + 2 10
ln
2 rGMD
dlead
Zero Sequence Impedance, /km

Z0 = 0.279 + 0.060i
Z0 = 0.285
76
22.03.2013

Mathcad - Ampacity Calculation

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POWER CABLE AMPACITY

132 kV, 1200 mm2

Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd

Power Cable Ampacity Calculations

Dielectric Loss per Unit Length for the Insulation

Loss Factor for Metallic Screen and Sheath

Calculation of Thermal Resistance

Conductor Temperature Rise above the Ambient

Continuous Current Carrying Capacity of one 132 kV circuit

Reduction factor of one 132 kV Circuit

Super position method to calculate interaction of Brugg 132 kV cable

Reduction factor of interaction of Brugg 132 kV cable circuits with the

Power Cable Impedance Calculations

Positive/Negative Sequence Impedance

Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd

POWER CABLE AMPACITY

Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd

(Phase to phase voltage, V)

(Phase to phase voltage, V)

(Angular frequency, Hz)

(Max. earth-fault current in cable sheath, A)

(Max. earth-fault current in cable sheath, A)

(Short-circuit time in the metallic sheath, sec)

(Transmission capacity for induced voltage calculation, MVA)

(Transmission capacity for induced voltage calculation, MVA)

(Transmission capacity for induced voltage calculation, MVA)

(Nominal transmission current in trench, A)

(Nominal transmission current in HDD crossing, A)

(Nominal transmission current in road crossing, A)

Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd

B. Cable Construction Data:

(Number of load-carrying in the cable)

(Number oc conductors in parallel)

(Diamenter of conductor, mm)

(Cross-section of copper condutor, mm 2 )

(Thickness of conductor binder/swelling tape, mm)

(Diamenter of conductor, including binder tape, mm)

(Avarage thickness of conductor screen, mm)

tcs := tc1 + tc2

(Total thickness of conductor screen, mm)

( Diameter of conductor, including screen, mm)

(Min. avarage thickness of insulation, mm)

(External diamenter of insulation, excluding screen, mm)

(Min. avg. thickness of insulation screen, mm)

dbst := din + 2 tinss

(Diameter over insulation screen, mm)

(Thickness of swelling tape/bedding, mm)

dbcs := dbst + 2 tst1

(Diameter over swelling tape/bedding, mm)

(Thickness between condcutor and metal sheath, mm)

(Avg. thickness of lead sheath, mm)

dals := dbcs + 2 tls

(Diameter over lead sheath, mm)

dlead := dals tls

(Mean diameter of lead sheath, mm)

dmm := dals tls

(Mean geometric diameter of lead sheath, mm)

(Cross-section of lead sheath, m2)

Alead := tls dbcs + tls 10

(Avg. thickness of outer covering, including SC skin, mm)

(External diameter of the cable, mm)

Final Ampacity calculation N7144.xmcd

(D.C. resistance of the conductor at 20C, Ohm/m)

(Electrical resistivity of Copper, Ohm/m) - IEC 60287-1-1, Table 1