1.

0 INTRODUCTION
Open source software (OSS) is defined as computer software for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that meets the Open Source Definition or that is in the public domain. These permit users to use, change and improve the software and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. Hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, computer data storage, hard drive disk (HDD), system unit (graphic cards, sound cards, memory, motherboard and chips), etc. All of which are physical objects that can be touched. In contrast, software is instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Software is often divided into two categories: 1. System software : Includes the operating system and all the utilities that enable the computer to function. 2. Application software : Includes programs that do real work for users. For example, word processors, spreadsheets, and database management systems applications software. fall under the category of

Software refers to the non-tangible components of computers, known as computer programs. The term is used to contrast with computer hardware, which denotes the physical tangible components of computers. It may be used as an adjective to mean non tangible component or as a group noun to mean all computer programs when taken as a whole. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used without the other. Software is any set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computers processer to perform specific operations.

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THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

2.1 Meaning of Open Source Operating System

Open Source Operating System is any operating system that is free to use and which provides the original code where the source code is available (under a copyright license) to the public, which enables them to use, modify / enhance the operating system, and redistribute the modified (or unmodified) form of the operating system. The advance user can modify the code of the operating system to make it works better for them in starting the computer or a likely user interface.

2.2 Example of Open Source Operating System

1) Firefox OS Firefox OS (project name: Boot to Gecko, also known as G2G) is a Linux based opensource operating system for smart phones and tablet computers and is set to be used on smart TVs. It is being developed by Mozilla, the non-profit organization best known for the Firefox web browser. Firefox OS is designed to provide a complete communitybased alternative system for mobile devices, using open standards and approaches such as HTML5 applications, JavaScript, a robust privilege model, open web APIs to communicate directly with cell phone hardware, and application marketplace. As such, it competes with proprietary systems such as Apples iOS, Googles Chrome OS and Microsofts Windows Phone, as well as other open system source systems such as Android, Jolla Sailfish OS and Ubuntu Touch.

2) Android 4.4.2 KitKat Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, and designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. The user interface of Android is based on direct manipulation , using touch inputs that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching, and revers pinching to manipulate onscreen objects. Internal hardware such as accelerometers, gyroscopes and proximity sensors are used by some applications to respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting the screen from portrait to landscape depending on how the device is oriented. Android allows users to customize their home screens with shortcuts to applications and widgets, which allow user to display live content, such as emails and weather information, directly on the home screen. Applications can further send notifications to the user to inform them of relevant information, such as new emails and text messages.

3.0 THE LATEST OPEN SOURCE APPLICATION SOFTWARE 3.1 Meaning of Open Source Application Software
Open source application software is computer software that is available in source code form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provide under a software license that permits users to study, change and improve the software. Open source licenses often meet the requirements of the Open Source Definition. Some open source application software is available within the public domain. Open source application software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open source application software is the most prominent example of open source development and often compared to user-generated content or open content movements. The term open source application software originated as part of a marketing campaign for free application software.

3.2 Example of Open Source Application Software

1) Notepad++ version 6.5.3 Notepad++ is a text editor and source code editor for windows. It aims to be a lightweight and robust editor for a variety of programming and scripting languages. One advantage of Notepad++ over the built-in Windows text editor Notepad is that Notepad++ supports tabbed editing, which allows working with multiple open files. Notepad++ opens large significantly faster and can be used as a replacement for Windows notepad. Notepad++ supports syntax highlighting and code folding for over programming, scripting, and markup languages. It attempts to automatically detect the language that a given file uses, using a modifiable list of file extension bindings. Users may also manually set the current language, overriding the extensions default language. The program also supports auto completion for a subset of the API of some programming language. 2) XMBC version 12.3 Frodo XMBC is a free, open-source, one-stop media center for your desktop or home theater PC that allows you to play, organize and stream music, DVDs, video files photos and more. Excellent file compatibility and playback, a very configurable and skinnable interface, a solid media library management system, and an active community continuously pushing development make XMBC a great all-round media center for your desktop or HTPC.

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THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN ICT

4.1 Hardware

4.2 Software

5.0

PERVASIVE COMPUTING

5.1 Meaning of pervasive Computing

Pervasive computing (also called ubiquitous computing) is the growing trend towards embedding microprocessors in everyday objects so they can communicate information. The words pervasive and ubiquitous mean existing everywhere. Pervasive computing devices are completely connected and constantly available. Pervasive computing relies on the convergence of wireless technologies, advanced electronics and the Internet. The goal of researchers working in pervasive computing is to create smart products that communicate unobtrusively. The products are connected to the Internet and the data they generate is easily available.

5.2 Example of Pervasive Computer

1) Google Glass Google Glass is a wearable computer with an optical head-mounted display (OHMD) that is being developed by Google in the Project Glass research and development project, with a mission of producing a mass-market ubiquitous computer. Google Glass display information in a smartphone-like hands-free format that can communicate with the Internet via natural language voice commands. 2) Sony SmartWatch 2 The SonyWatch 2 also known as SW2, is a wearable device launched in late September 2013. The SW2 supports working together with any Android 4.0 (and higher) smartphone, unlike Samsungs competing Galaxy Gear smartwatch, which only works with a few of Samsungs own Galaxy handsets. The watch features an aluminium body and comes with the option of a silicone or metal wristband, but can be used with any 24mm wristband. It is 1.65 inches tall by 1.61 inches wide and 0.35 inch thick and weight 0.8 ounces and sports a transflective LCD screen with a 22x176 resolution. The SW2

connects to the smartphone using Bluetooth and supports NFC for easy pairing. It is rated IP57 so it can be submersed in water up to a meter for 30 minutes.

6.0

CONCLUSION

Open source can be used by anyone and because it has no copyright claims, so users are free to use, change, and improve the software and to redistribute it in modified forms. Pervasive Computing is to make our lives easier because we can interact with computer. Besides that, we can easily give the computer commands and the computer will grant your wish.

7.0

REFERENCE

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software 3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-hardware 4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervasive-computig 5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open_source_operating_systems 6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software 7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_SmartWatch 8. http://smkgruan.wordpress.com/2013/01/18/examples-of-pevasive-computing/ 9 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/google_Glass