STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

IN CHEMICAL AND PETROLEUM OIL ANC CHEMICAL MATERIAL STORAGE TANKS

INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

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STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 - ENTRANCE 2 FUEL LOSS AND ATHMOSPHERIC SOIL ON PETROL STORAGE TANKS 2.1 FIXED ROOF (CEILING) STORAGE TANKS 2.2 FLOATING ROOF (CEILING) STORAGE TANKS 2.3 STORAGE TANKS WITH FXED ROOF AND INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 2.3.a - Why Internal floating roof 2.3.b Properties of internal floating roof 2.3.c Design and engineering of Internal floating roof 2.3.d - Assembly of Internal floating roof 2.3.e Calculating steam loses with property of API Standardization 2.3.f Cleaning of tank 3 EQUIPMENTS OF INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.1 FLOATING ROOF 3.1.a Spesifications of sandwich type filling equipment (Polyisocyanurate) 3.2 SEAL (IMPERMEABILITY EQUIPMENT) 3.2.a.Choosing Impermeability Equipments 3.2.b.Seal equipment properties 3.3 FOAM PROTECTIVE SHIELD 3.4 BALANCING WIRE 3.5 BALANCING WIRE BOW SYSTEM 3.6 - FEET 3.7 INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF MEASUREMENT HOLE 3.8 CONTRIVANCE OF ANTISTATIC CABLE (GROUND SYSTEM) 3.9 INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF MENHOLE 3.10-MEASUREMENT HOLE HATCH 3.11-DIRECT TRANSITION ELEMENT 3.12-VACUUM HATCH 3.13-FIRE FOAM FUSE 3.14-PRESSURE VACUUM VENT 3.15-TANK MENHOLE

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 1. ENTRANCE:

Shape 1.(A crossing edge from internal floating roof) Internal floating roof a structure that use in fuel and chemical item storage tanks for preventing fuel loss and atmospheric pollution with evaporation. For building an internal floating roof required equipments are designed to enter the tank from menhole hatch and intallation is easy and quick. n this system part sizes are pass by manhole hatch and no sheet metal cuting needed.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

2. LOSE OF FUEL AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTATION IN PETROL STORAGE TANKS : Five refinery in our country produces big amound of petrol products and storing them.Immature and processed products are storing in tanks which %99 percent of them have fixed roof. Petroleum products must store many times in their production progress. In normal storage conditions and normal usage conditions products which have fixed pressure of steam have some lose of fuel problems. In fixed root storage systems there are two types of fuel loss. One of them evaporation and the other transfer loss. Fuel lost level changing with weather conditions, tank size, tank type, one year filling and discharging values, fuel type and applied systems for protecting fuel for loss. With using pressure vacuum vents in storage tanks %30 of total fuel loss decrease.Crude oil, petrol products and chemical items are storing in three types of storage tanks fixed roof(ceiling), floating roof(ceiling) and internal floating roof. 2.1.FIXED ROOF (CEILING) STORAGE TANK: Fixed roof tanks are an old method for storing volatile liquids. This tank are building with API 650 standards. Fixed roof tanks are have low endurance to internal pressure and vacuum. In the progress of normal breathing and operation, for protecting the tank to extreme pressure must provide needed air. According to tank spesifications breathing holes needed for ventilation. This holes making much more fuel loss when getting some samples from the tank. 2.2.FLOATING ROOF (CEILING) STORAGE TANKS: Floating roofs are designing and usign since 100 years. Tanks have floating roof, providing self and secure way to breathe squib gases. Today breathing is an important point in petrol storage tanks. With tanks which have floating roof, evaporation loss much more little than fixed roof tanks. Floating roofs are installing to the lateral sheet iron and it ascending and descending by fuel level. There is no space between floating roof and fuel, so minimal evaporation loss guaranteed.

2.3. TANKS WTH FXED ROOF AND INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF:

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF After proofing of internal floating roofs steam preventation there are new improvements about assembly of internal floating roof. Aplication of internal floating roof, when using fixed internal roofs required to enter the tank from menhole cover. In this usage there is no space left from fuel to internal floating roof so this usage makes minimal steam. Were producing sandwich type internal roof and it generates an straight level and no space between fuel to internal roof. Internal floating roofs are very important about protecting the environment. In a short time a new act come into force about environmental protection. This act makes some measurements in storage tank breathing valves. 2.3.a.WHY INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF? We want to show an incredible example for why we are recommend internal floating roof application. Graph 1. Fixed and floating roof evaporation comparision

400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Fixed Roof (Ceiling) Internal Floating Roof

Fixed Roof (Ceiling), 370

Internal Floating Roof, 1.95

370 1,95

Fixed Roof (Ceiling)

Internal Floating Roof

Stored product : Gas Tank Capasity : 5000 m Tank Color : Grey Operation ratio : 100.000 m/Yl Breathing standart: API 2518 Floating roof standart : API 2519 Fixed roof tank loss : 370m/year Floating roof tank loss : 1,95m/year Shape 2.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF Product loss comparison between Single and Dual seal internal floating roofs

45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Single Seal Dual Seal

Single Seal; 41

Dual Seal; 6,9

41 6,9 Single Seal Dual Seal

Stored Product : Gas Calibre of tank : 30 m Operation ratio : 200.000m/Year Storage temperature : 10C Temperature difference :7C Loss of fuel with single seal: 41m/Year Loss of fuel with dual seal: 6.9m/Year

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

(One Seal) 2.3.b. Properties of internal floating roof: - Long life time, - Perfect evaporation preventation, - Maximum fuel and chemical item impermeability, - High thermal insulation, - High corrosion durability, - Static electrik protection, - Minimum evaporation area, - Not needed tank calibration, - It never sinks, - Minimum maintenance, - Easy cleanability, - Uses as a working platform.

(Dual Seal)

2.3.c. Design and engineering of internal floating roof: Our company, provides internal floating roofs design and after sales support for all types of chemical and petroleum tanks with property of standards. Our internal roofs are have configurable feet when setting in tank inside projects using of tank height settings. With exit hatch you can exit top of the roof. After production progress of floating roof impermeability equipments with API 650 standart are installing. 2.3.d.Assembly of internal floating roof: Floating roof designed according to every storage tanks properties such as bevel and conically. All of the 20 inch and 24 inch parts of floating roof designed for pass from menhole hatches. Out of usage time is very short because installation takes very easy and quick. Assembly of internal floating roof, installed by our high quality and experienced experts. 2.3.e.Evaporation loss calculation with API standarts:

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF Calculations and previous applications shows that kind of this applications are very profitable for business managers. Evaporations calculations, calculated in tank production process. There is no rough about calculations after the insallation. Datas picked before application check by our experts and calculatin with based on API 2519 standart TNO formule. 2.3.f.Cleaning of tank: Cleaning methods of fuel and chemical tanks are can be using without any change in internal floating roofs.

Shape 2. (Equipment of internal floating roof)

3. INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF EQUIPMENTS:

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 1- Floating roof 2- Seal (Intermeability material) 3- Foam protective shield 4- Steel wire system (Balancing wire) 5- Balancng wire bow system 6- Feet 7- Internal floating roof measurement hole 8- Antistatic cable system (Ground System) 9- Internal floating roof menhole 10- Measurement hole hatch 11- Direct Passig Element 12- Vacuum Hatch 13- Fore foam fuse 14- Pressure Vacuum Vent 15- Tank Menhole 3.1. FLOATING ROOF:

Shape 3. (Internal Floating Roof)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF In internal floating roof production, using sandwich the aluminium floating roof. With this technology, it sits top of the liquid, it fills the surface and protects from evaporation. For roof equipment, using suitable with API 650 standardarts aluminium, polyurethane sandwich panels. Between tank surface and internal floating roof were usign wiper seal type impermeability equipments. 3.1.a. Specifications of sandwich filling equipment (Polyisocyanurate): Polyisocyanurate (PIR) generally knows as hard polyurethane. It can be irronspensive to water and hygro according to closed cell structure. Polyurethane foam resistance basen on halogen at class DIN 4192 B2. indivisually PIR foam cuts the fire way and be as a shield between fire and air. 3.2. SEAL (IMPERMEABILITY EQUIPMENT):

Shape 4.(Single Seal)

Shape 5.(Duble Seal)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.2.a. Selection of impermeability equipments : Impermeability equipments (SEAL) are designed for cutting the contact between stored product and tank inside surface and floating roof. Seals are designed according to user requiments by single or dual seal. Seal dimensions have API 650 standarts based on apendix H . . 3.2.b.Seal equipment spesifications: In production of seals (Impermeability equipment) were using polythene plates than irresponsive to petroleum products. Seal space between fuel and roof, calculating by API 650 standarts.

Shape 6.(Example of seal)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.2.b.Seal equipment spesifications:

1-Low thermo permeability 2-Close cell structure 3-Effectice sound absorbsion. 4-Perfect usage and installation with ideal flexibility architecture 5-Not flame (B1) 6-Resistant to fuel 7- Resistant to structure chemicals. 8-Enviroment friendly 9-Not smells Consistence Thermo conductivity parameter Usage temperature Damp permeability Water absorption sensitivity Stroke sound lowering Cutting resistance(height) Breaking strength (width) Elongation at rupture (height) Elongation at rupture (width) VALUE 35 Kg/m =0.035W /mK NORM DIN 53420 DIN 52613

(-40C +105C ) 2500 DIN 52615 ( 96 saat) % 0.4 ISO 7214 23-25 db 0.40 N/mm 0.20 N/mm %80 %68 DIN 52210 DIN 53571 DIN 53577 DIN 53571 DIN 53571

3.3. FOAM PROTECTION SHIELD:

Shape 7.(Foam conservative shield) Foam protective shield, protects the fire generating from seal. Foam coming from fire foams, after fills with foam protective shield provide fills the other parts of internal floating roof effusively.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.4. STEEL WIRE MECHANISM (BALANCING WIRE): Contrivance of internal floating roof, yzer tavan dzeneinin, tank ierisine kaytlanmasn salar, yani dengeleme teli sayesinde, yzer tavan aa ve yukar dnda herhangi bir ynde hareket etmez. Dengeleme telleri paslanmaz elik malzemeden yaplmaktadr. Tank atsna eki yay dzenei ile bal olduundan rijit bir yap olmayp esneyerek i yzer tavann taklmasn nler. 3.5.BALANCING WIRE HAMMER BOW MECHANISM:

SHAPE 9. Balancing wire with bow system Internal floating roof balancing wire, cause of installed with bow system provide dilatation over bow system.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.6. FEET: Feet using for descending internal floating roof to a similar levet. Generally two types of setting : 1st Level: This level using for setting the tank the level of discharge. 2nd Level: This setting using when tank inside cleaning operations. This setting with person who is working inside of the tank.

ekil 9.( yzer tavan aya

Shape10.(Feet of internal floating roof) Shape11.(Feet and internal floating roof conn.)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.7. INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF MEASUREMENT HOLE :

3.8. ANTSTATK KABLO DZENE (TOPRAKLAMA SSTEM):

Shape 12.(Top of internal floating roof measurement hole)

Measurement level hole, a special structure kind of like a funnel on the top of the floating roof. This structure closed wirh teflon membran. This protects tank from evaporation steam.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.9.INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF MENHOLE:

ekil 9.(k kapa)

ekil 15. ( Yzer Tavan Menhol)

After entering to tank this used for exitin from inside to outside from tank. It builds from stainless steel. Sometimes this hatch used for protecting tank from extreme pressure.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.10. MEASURE HOLE HATCH: This hole is on the top of the tank. This used for picking some examples from the tank and temperature metering.

Shape 16.(Measure hole hatch) This product using for metering operations without pressure change.

Shape 17.(Closed to air measurement hole hatch)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.11. DIRECT TRANSITION ELEMENT:

Shape 18.(Quatrangle transition element)

Shape19.(Cylinder transition element)

This using for installing beams without evaporation loss. This designing with requiments of tank type and beam cross section.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 3.12. VACUUM HATCH: 2.13. FIRE FOAM FUSE:

Shape 20. Vacuum Hatch This calculates with tank charging and discharging flow. Using for discharging the tank without and vacuum problem.

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

Shape 21. Fire Foam Fuse Quantitiy changing by tank size. Specially using for foam filling in tanks which have internal floating roof..

3.14. PRESSURE VACUUM VENT (WITH FIRE HANDLE):

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF

Shape 22. (Pressure vacuum vent with flame arrester)

STORAGE TANK INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF 2.15. TANK MENHOLE: When installing internal floating roof to fixed roof having systems, floating roof equipments are designed to inserting the tank from 20 inch or 24 inch menhole hatch. Internal floating equipments are inserted from the menhole hatch and assembly to tank inside.