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JAVA LAB
EX NO:1.1 E!!I"IENT RE#RE$ENT%TION !OR R%TION%& N'()ER D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program for finding simplified form of the given rational n m!er" %&*ORIT+( #" $mport %ava" til and %ava"io pac&age" '" (efine Rational class with re) ired varia!les " *" +et the n merator and denominator val es" ," -sing the o!%ect of the Rational class call the method efficientrep./" 0" $f the n merator is greater than the denominator then i/" Ret rn the inp t as it is" 1lse i/" 2ind the Rational val e" ii/" Ret rn .n merator34543denominator/" ,. (ispla6 the Simplified form of rational n m!er on screen li&e n merator5denominator" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is )yteco0e1 1ach %ava program is converted into one or more class files" The content of the class file is a set of instr ctions called !6tecode to !e e7ec ted !6 Java Virt al 8achine .JV8/"Java introd ces !6tecode to create platform independent program" 2. .hat is 3-(1
JV8 is an interpreter for !6tecode which accepts %ava !6tecode and prod ces res lt"
4. +o5 many 3-(s can run on a single machine1 No limitation" A JV8 is % st li&e an6 other process" 6. .hat is the use of $tringTokeni7er class1 The class allows an application to !rea& a string into to&ens" 8. Differentiate ja9a from "::. Java doesn9t s pport pointers" Java doesn9t provide operator overloading option for programmers tho gh it internall6 se it for string concatenation" Java doesn9t s pport m ltiple class inheritance" :owever; it s pports m ltiple inheritance sing interface" Java doesn9t glo!al varia!les; glo!al f nctions; t6pedef; str ct res or nions" Java ses final &e6word to avoid a class or method to !e overridden"
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JAVA LAB ,. .hat are the three 0ifferent types of comments in ja9a1 Java comments ma&e 6o r code eas6 to nderstand; modif6 and se" Java s pports three different t6pes of comment st6les" #" 1ver6 thing !etween initial slash <asteris& and ending asteris&=slash is ignored !6 the %ava compiler".5>>5/ '" (o !le slash .55/mar& is ignored !6 %ava compiler"
*" 1ver6 thing !etween initial slash < asteris& = asteris& and ending asteris&=slash is ignored !6 the %ava compiler and another program called JAVA(?@"1A1 that ships with the J(B ses these comments to constr ct :T8C doc mentation files that descri!e 6o r pac&ages; classes and methods as well as all the varia!les sed" .5>>>5/
#RO*R%(
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JAVA LAB
RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for finding simplified form of the given rational n m!er was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB
!I)ON%""I $ERIE$
To write a JAVA program for finding first N 2i!onacci n m!ers" %&*ORIT+( #" import %ava"io pac&age" '" Cength of 2i!onacci series DN9 m st !e got as a &e6!oard inp t !6 $np tStreamReader class" B fferedReader !rEnew B fferedReader.new $np tStreamReader.S6stem"in// 0" 2?R iE# to N do the following 2$BE 2# 3 2' 2# E 2' 2' E2$B FR$NT 2$B 1N( 2?R G" Stop the Frogram" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is class1 A class is a !l eprint or protot6pe from which o!%ects are created" He can create an6 n m!er of o!%ects for the same class" 2. .hat is o;ject1 ?!%ect is an instance of class" ?!%ect is real world entit6 which has state; identit6 and !ehavior" 4. .hat are 0ifferent types of access mo0ifiers1 pu;lic: An6thing declared as p !lic can !e accessed from an6where" pri9ate: An6thing declared as private can9t !e seen o tside of its class" protecte0: An6thing declared as protected can !e accessed !6 classes in the same pac&age and s !classes in the other pac&ages" 0efault mo0ifier : @an !e accessed onl6 to classes in the same pac&age" 6. .hat is encapsulation1 1ncaps lation is the mechanism that !inds together code and the data it manip lates; and &eeps !oth safe from o tside interference and mis se" 8. .hat is 0ata hi0ing1 $mplementation details of methods are hidden from the ser"
sing
*" @onvert the inp t into an integer sing parse$nt. / method which is availa!le in $nteger class" ," (eclare two integer data t6pe varia!les 2# & 2' and assign val es as 2#E=# & 2'E#"
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JAVA LAB
,. Define DataInput$tream < DataOutput$tream. (ata$np tStream is sed to read %ava primitive datat6pes directl6 from the stream"
(ata? tp tStream is sed to write the %ava primitive datat6pes directl6 to the stream"
#RO*R%(
RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for finding first N 2i!onacci n m!ers was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:1.4 D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program that reads an arra6 of N integers and print whether each one is prime or not" %&*ORIT+( $n main method do the following #" Read N integers from &e6!oard and store it in an arra6 a" :ere N is the n m!er of entries in an arra6" '" 2?R iE# to N do the following $2 $sFrime.aIiJ/ is TR-1 then Frint aIiJ is Frime 1CS1 Frint aIiJ is not Frime 1N( $2 1N( 2?R
8ethod $sFrime is ret rns Boolean val e" $f it is Frime then ret rn tr e otherwise ret rn false"
1. 2?R iE' to N5' $2 N is divisi!le !6 i ret rn 2ACS1 1CS1 @?NT$N-1 2?R loop 1N( $2
1N( 2?R ret rn TR-1
RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is casting1 @asting is sed to convert the val e of one data t6pe to another" 2. .hat is a package1 A pac&age is a collection of classes and interfaces that provides a high=level la6er of access protection and name space management" 4. .hat is the use of >classpath? en9ironment 9aria;le1
@lasspath is the list of directories thro gh which the JV8 will search to find a class"
6. .hy 0oes the main metho0 nee0 a static i0entifier1 Beca se static methods and mem!ers don9t need an instance of their class to invo&e them and main is the first method which is invo&ed"
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JAVA LAB
8. .hat is the 0ifference ;et5een constructor an0 metho01 @onstr ctor will !e a tomaticall6 invo&ed when an o!%ect is created whereas method has to !e called e7plicitl6" #RO*R%(
RE$'&T
Th s the %ava program for chec&ing prime n m!er was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:2 D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program for finding whether the given 6ear is a leap 6ear or not" %&*ORIT+( #" '" *" ," $mport %ava" til pac&age" $nside the class (ate;define the methods isvalid./;isleap6ear./;compareto./" The method isvalid./ is sed to chec& the form of the date;month;6ear " The method isleap6ear./ is a Boolean methods it ret rn tr e when the given 6ear is a leap 6ear otherwise it ret rn false" 0" The method compareto./ compares the val e of the o!%ect with that of date"ret rn K if the val es are e) al"Ret rns a negative val e if the invo&ing o!%ect is earlier than date"Ret rns a positive val e if the invo&ing o!%ect is later than date" G" $nside the main./ method we perform the leap 6ear calc lation" L" Stop the program" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ A. .hat is class1 A class is a !l eprint or protot6pe from which o!%ects are created" He can create an6 n m!er of o!%ects for the same class" B. .hat is o;ject1 ?!%ect is an instance of class" ?!%ect is real world entit6 which has state; identit6 and !ehavior" C. .hat are 0ifferent types of access mo0ifiers1 pu;lic: An6thing declared as p !lic can !e accessed from an6where" pri9ate: An6thing declared as private can9t !e seen o tside of its class" protecte0: An6thing declared as protected can !e accessed !6 classes in the same pac&age and s !classes in the other pac&ages" 0efault mo0ifier : @an !e accessed onl6 to classes in the same pac&age" 1D. .hat is encapsulation1 1ncaps lation is the mechanism that !inds together code and the data it manip lates; and &eeps !oth safe from o tside interference and mis se" 11. .hat is 0ata hi0ing1 $mplementation details of methods are hidden from the ser" &E%# @E%R "%&"'&%TION
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JAVA LAB
12. Define DataInput$tream < DataOutput$tream. (ata$np tStream is sed to read %ava primitive datat6pes directl6 from the stream"
(ata? tp tStream is sed to write the %ava primitive datat6pes directl6 to the stream"
#RO*R%(
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JAVA LAB
RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for finding whether the given 6ear is leap or not was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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To write a JAVA program to implement !asic operations of C$SF" %&*ORIT+( #" Cin&edCist class can !e accessed !6 importing %ava" til pac&age" '" @reate a class C$SFCist with the !asic operations of C$SF Cist s ch as Dcons9; Dcar9; Dcdr9 " *" (efine the C$SFCist class with an arra6 of string and three methods" Void cons. / String car. / String cdr. / ," cons./ method sed to append item to the list at first location" Cist"add2irst.String item/ 0" car./ method is sed to view the first item in the list" FR$NT Cist"get2irst./ G" cdr./ method is sed to view the part of the list that follows the first item" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. +o5 thisE metho0 use0 5ith constructors1
this./ method within a constr ctor is sed to invo&e another constr ctor in the same
class" 2. +o5 superE metho0 use0 5ith constructors1 s per./ method within a constr ctor is sed to invo&e its immediate s perclass constr ctor" 4. .hat is reflection in ja9a1 Reflection is the a!ilit6 of a program to anal6Me itself" The %ava"lang"reflect pac&age provides the a!ilit6 to o!tain information a!o t the fields; constr ctors; methods; and modifiers of a class" " 6. .hat is EFceptions in ja9a1 An e7ception is an a!normal condition that arises in a code se) ence at r n time" $n other words; an e7ception is a r n=time error" All e7ception t6pes are s !classes of the ! ilt=in class Throwa!le"
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JAVA LAB
8. .hat is Error1
This class descri!es internal errors; s ch as o t of dis& space etc"""The ser can onl6 !e informed a!o t s ch errors and so o!%ects of these cannot !e thrown 17ceptions"
se) ence of elements" 1lements can !e inserted or accessed !6 their position in the list; sing a Mero=!ased inde7" A list ma6 contain d plicate elements" A. .hat is the &inke0&ist class1 The Cin&edCist class e7tends A!stractSe) entialCist and implements the Cist interface" $t provides a lin&ed=list data str ct re" Cin&edCist class defines some sef l methods of its own for manip lating and accessing lists"
void add2irst.?!%ect o!%/ void addCast.?!%ect o!%/ ?!%ect get2irst. / ?!%ect getCast. / ?!%ect remove2irst. / ?!%ect removeCast. /
B. .hat is the purpose of gar;age collection in 3a9aG an0 5hen is it use01 The p rpose of gar!age collection is to identif6 and discard o!%ects that are no longer needed !6 a program so that their reso rces can !e reclaimed and re sed" A Java o!%ect is s !%ect to gar!age collection when it !ecomes nreacha!le to the program in which it is sed" #RO*R%(
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RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for implementing the !asic operations of C$SF was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:6 D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program to design a Vehicle class hierarch6 and a test program to demonstrate pol6morphism concept" %&*ORIT+(
#" (efine a s perclass vehicle with three private integer data mem!ers . speed;color; wheel/"
(efine a f nction disp./ to displa6 the details a!o t vehicle" (efine a constr ctor to initialiMe the data mem!er cadence; speed and gear" (efine a s !class ! s which e7tends s perclass vehicle" ?verridden disp./ method in vehicle class" Additional data a!o t the s spension is incl ded to the o tp t" G" (efine a s !class train which e7tends s perclass vehicle" L" There are three classes: ! s; train; and car The three s !classes override the disp method and print ni) e information" N" (efine a sample class program that creates three vehicle varia!les" 1ach varia!le is assigned to one of the three vehicle classes" 1ach varia!le is then printed" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is polymorphism1 Fol6morphism means the a!ilit6 to ta&e more than one form" S !classes of a class can define their own ni) e !ehaviors and 6et share some of the same f nctionalit6 of the parent class" 2. .hat is o9erloa0ing1
Same method name can !e sed with different t6pe and n m!er of arg ments .in same
class/ 4. .hat is o9erri0ing1 Same method name; similar arg ments and same n m!er of arg ments can !e defined in s per class and s ! class" S ! class methods override the s per class methods" 6. .hat is the 0ifference ;et5een o9erloa0ing an0 o9erri0ing1 ?verloading related to same class and overriding related s !=s per class @ompile time pol6morphism achieved thro gh overloading; r n time pol6morphism achieved thro gh overriding"
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RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for design a Vehicle class hierarch6 was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:8 $T%"= I(#&E(ENT%TION '$IN* %RR%@ %ND &IN=ED &I$T D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program to implement stac& sing arra6 and lin&ed list" %&*ORIT+( $nterface: Stac&A(T #" @reate a Stac&A(T interface with !asic stac& operations" Void F-S:.int/ & int F?F. / @lass: Stac&Arra6 #" @reate a class Stac&Arra6 which implements Stac&Adt sing Arra6" '" (efine the Stac&Arra6 class with two integer varia!les.top & siMe/ and one integer arra6" *" $nitialiMe the varia!le top E=#" $t indicates that the stac& is empt6" ," F-S: method read the element and p sh it into stac&"
Void F-S:.data t6pe element/ $2 topEEsiMe T:1N
1N( $2 0" F?F method ret rn the data popped" (ata t6pe F?F./ $2 topEE=# Frint Stac& is 1mpt6 1CS1 ret rn stac&Itop==J 1N( $2 @lass: Stac&Cin&edlist #" Cin&edCist class can !e accessed !6 importing %ava" til pac&age" '" @reate a class Stac&Cin&edlist which implements Stac&A(T interface" *" add2irst./ method in Cin&edCist class sed to p sh element in the stac&" ," remove2irst./ method in Cin&edCist class sed for deleting an element from stac&" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is Inheritance1 $nheritance is the process !6 which one o!%ect ac) ires the properties of another o!%ect" This is important !eca se it s pports the concept of hierarchical classification" 2. .hy inheritance is important1 Re sa!ilit6 is achieved thro gh inheritance" 4. .hich types of inheritances are a9aila;le in 3a9a1 Simple; :ierarchical and 8 ltilevel
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6. "an 5e achie9e multiple inheritances in 3a9a1 Hith the help of interfaces we can achieve m ltiple inheritances" 8. .hat is interface1
$nterface is a collection of methods declaration and constants that one or more classes of
se" All methods in an interface are implicitl6 a!stract" All varia!les are final and static" 8ethods sho ld not !e declared as static; final; private and protected"
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RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for implementing stac& sing arra6 and lin&ed list was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB
"'RREN"@ "ON-ER$ION
To write a JAVA program that randoml6 generates one n m!er which is stored in a file then read the dollar val e from the file and converts to r pee" %&*ORIT+( #" Random n m!ers in %ava can !e generated either !6 sing the Random class in %ava" til pac&age or !6 sing the random./ method in the 8ath class in %ava" '" -sing the random./ method in 8ath class do !le randomVal e E 8ath"random./O -sing the Random class import %ava" til"RandomO Random random E new Random./O $nt randomVal eErandom"ne7t$nt./O *" Hrite the generated random n m!er in a file sing 2ileHriter stream" B fferedHriter o t E new B fferedHriter.new 2ileHriter.4test"t7t4//O o t"write.randomVal e/O o t"close./O ," Read the data from the file sing 2ileReader stream" B fferedReader in E new B fferedReader.new 2ileReader.4test"t7t4//O String line E in"readCine./O $nt dollar E $nteger"parse$nt.line/O 0" @onvert the dollar val e into r pee !6 e) ation and displa6 it on screen" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. Define $tream
Stream prod ces and cons mes information" $t is the comm nication path !etween the so rce and the destination "$t is the ordered se) ence of data shared !6 $? devices"
2. &ist out the types of stream. B6te Stream @haracter Stream 4. Differentiate ;et5een ;yte stream < character stream1 )yte stream "haracter stream
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JAVA LAB A !6te stream class provides s pport for handling $5? operations on !6tes" B6te stream classes are $np tStream and ? tp tStream" $t provides s pport for managing $5? operations on characters" Reader and Hriter classes are character stream classes"
6. .hat is the use of output streams1 $t is sed to perform inp t and o tp t operations on o!%ects sing the o!%ect streams" $t is sed to declare records as o!%ects and se the o!%ects classes to write and read these o!%ects from files" 8. .hat is Ran0om class1 The Random class is a generator of pse dorandom n m!ers" Random. / creates a n m!er generator that ses the c rrent time as the starting; or seed; val e" $ntegers can !e e7tracted via the ne7t$nt. / method" #RO*R%(
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JAVA LAB
RE$'&T
Th s the %ava program for c rrenc6 conversion was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:A D%TE: %I( To write a JAVA program to print all n m!ers !elow #KK;KKK that are !oth prime and 2i!onacci n m!er" %&*ORIT+( 2or creating a thread a class has to e7tend the Thread @lass" 2or creating a thread !6 this proced re 6o have to follow these steps: #" 17tend the ja9a.lang.Threa0 @lass" '" ?verride the runE method in the s !class from the Thread class to define the code e7ec ted !6 the thread" *" @reate an instance of this s !class" This s !class ma6 call a Thread class constr ctor !6 s !class constr ctor" ," $nvo&e the startE method on the instance of the class to ma&e the thread eligi!le for r nning" The proced re for creating threads !6 implementing the R nna!le $nterface is as follows: #" A @lass implements the Runna;le $nterface; override the r n./ method to define the code e7ec ted !6 thread" An o!%ect of this class is R nna!le ?!%ect" '" @reate an o!%ect of Threa0 @lass !6 passing a R nna!le o!%ect as arg ment" *" $nvo&e the startE method on the instance of the Thread class" Ci&e creation of a single thread; create more than one thread .m ltithreads/ in a program sing class Threa0 or implementing interface Runna;le" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is threa01 Thread is similar to a program that has single flow of control" 1ach thread has separate path for e7ec tion" 2. .hat is multithrea0ing1 Sim ltaneo s e7ec tion of threads is called m ltithreading" 4. .hat are the a09antages of (ultithrea0ing o9er multitasking1 Red ces the comp tation time $mproves performance of an application Threads share the same address space so it saves the memor6" @ost of comm nication !etween is relativel6 low" 6. +o5 to create threa01 B6 creating instance of Thread class or implementing R nna!le interface" ('T&IT+RE%DIN*
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JAVA LAB
8. &ist out metho0s of Threa0 class1 c rrentThread. /; setName. /; getName. /; setFriorit6. /; getFriorit6. /; %oin. /; isAlive. / ,. .hat is joinE metho0 of Threa01 @om!ines two or more threads r nning process and wait till their e7ec tion is completed" A. .hat are the states in Threa0 &ife "ycle1 Read6; r nning; !loc&; wait; dead" #RO*R%(
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JAVA LAB
RE$'&T
Th s the %ava program for creating m ltithread was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:B D%TE: %I( To design a scientific calc lator sing event driven programming paradigm of JAVA" %&*ORIT+( #" $mport applet; awt and awt"event pac&ages" '" @reate a class calc lator which e7tends Applet and implements ActionCistener" *" @reate o!%ect for Te7t2iled; Cist; Ca!el and B tton classes" Add all these o!%ects to the window sing add.o!%/ method"
," -se addActionerCistener.o!%/ method to receive action event notification from component" Hhen the ! tton is pressed the generated event is passed to ever6 1ventCistener o!%ects that receives s ch t6pes of events sing the addActionCistener./ method of the o!%ect"
$"IENTI!I" "%&"'&%TOR
0" $mplement the ActionCistener interface to process ! tton events sing actionFerformed.Action1vent o!%/ method" G" Align the ! ttons in container !6 sing +rid Ca6o t"The format of grid la6o t constr ctor is p !lic +ridCa6o t.int n mRows; int N m@ol mns; int horM; int vert/ L" Set the la6o t for the window sing setCa6o t.grido!%.row;col mn// method" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat is an applet1 Applet is a d6namic and interactive program that r ns inside a we! page displa6ed !6 a %ava capa!le !rowser" 2. .hat is the 0ifference ;et5een applications an0 applets1 Application m st !e r n on local machine whereas applet needs no e7plicit installation on local machine" 4. .hat is %;stract .in0o5ing Toolkit E%.T 1 A li!rar6 of %ava pac&ages that forms part of %ava AF$; sed to for +-$ design"
6. .hat is a layout manager an0 5hat are 0ifferent types of layout managers a9aila;le in ja9a %.T1 A la6o t manager is an o!%ect that is sed to organiMe components in a container" The different la6o ts are availa!le are 2lowCa6o t BorderCa6o t @ardCa6o t +ridCa6o t and +ridBagCa6o t"
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JAVA LAB
8. .hich package is reIuire0 to 5rite *'I E*raphical 'ser Interface programs1 Java"awt ,. .hat is e9ent listener1 A listener is an o!%ect that is notified when an event occ rs" The methods that receive and process events are defined in a set of interfaces fo nd in %ava"awt"event" 2or e7ample; the 8o se8otionCistener interface defines two methods to receive notifications when the mo se is dragged or moved" #RO*R%(
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JAVA LAB
RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for design a scientific calc lator was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:C D%TE: %I( To develop a simple Ci!rar6 8anagement s6stem for li!rar6 sing event driven programming paradigm of JAVA and it is connected with !ac&end data!ase sing J(B@ connection" %&*ORIT+( #" @reate a data!ase ta!le Boo&s with following fields !iel0 Name Data Type Title String A thor String 1dition $nt $SBN String '" (efine a class Ci!rar6 that m st have the following methods for accessing the information a!o t the !oo&s availa!le in li!rar6" a" addBoo&. / !" deleteBoo&. / c" viewBoo&s. / *" (esign the ser interface screen with necessar6 te7t !o7es and ! ttons" This page is formatted sing grid la6o t" 8ethod: addBoo&. / This method ta&es the !oo& title; a thor name;edition and $SBN as inp t parameters and store them in Boo&s ta!le"
#" 1sta!lish connection with data!ase @lass"forName.Ps n"%d!c"od!c"Jd!c?d!c(riverQ/O
@onnection conE(river8anager"get@onnection.P%d!c:od!c:(SNQ;QQ;QQ/O '" Add the details in Boo&s ta!le" FreparedStatement psEcon"prepareStatement.Pinsert into Boo&s val es.R;R;R;R/Q/O Fs"setString.#;title/O Fs"setString.';a thor/O Fs"set$nt.*;edition/O Fs"setString.,;$SBN/O
*" 17ec te the statement" ps"e7ec te-pdate./O
," @lose the connection" 8ethod :deleteBoo&./ #" 1sta!lish connection with data!ase '" (elete the details from Boo&s ta!le" FreparedStatement psEcon"prepareStatement.Pdelete from Boo&s where a thorERQ/O Fs"setString.#;a thor/O
*" 17ec te the statement" ps"e7ec teS er6./O
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JAVA LAB 8ethod :viewBoo&./ #" 1sta!lish connection with data!ase '" read the details in Boo&s ta!le" FreparedStatement psEcon"prepareStatement.Pselect > from Boo&s where titleERQ/O Fs"setString.#;title/O
*" 17ec te the statement" ps"e7ec teS er6./O
," @lose the connection" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. .hat 0o you mean ;y 3D)"1 J(B@ is a part of the Java (evelopment Bit which defines an application=programming interface that ena!les %ava programs to e7ec te SSC statements and retrieve res lts from data!ase" 2. &ist 0o5n the 5ays OD)" 0iffer from 3D)"1 ?(B@ is for 8icrosoft and J(B@ is for %ava applications" ?(B@ canTt !e directl6 sed with Java !eca se it ses a @ interface" ?(B@ re) ires man al installation of the ?(B@ driver manager and driver on all client machines" 4. .hat are 0ri9ers a9aila;le1 J(B@=?(B@ Bridge driver Native AF$ Fartl6=Java driver J(B@=Net F re Java driver Native=Frotocol F re Java driver 6. .hat are the steps in9ol9e0 for making a connection 5ith a 0ata;ase or ho5 0o you connect to a 0ata;ase1 #/ Loading the driver: @lass" forName.Qs n" %d!c" od!c" Jd!c?d!c(riverQ/O Hhen the driver is loaded; it registers itself with the %ava" s)l" (river8anager class as an availa!le data!ase driver" '/ Making a connection with database: @onnection con E (river8anager" get@onnection .Q%d!c:od!c:somed!Q; P serQ; PpasswordQ/O */ Executing SQL statements : Statement stmt E con" createStatement./O Res ltSet rs E stmt" e7ec teS er6.QS1C1@T > 2R?8 some ta!leQ/O ,/ Process the results : Res ltSet ret rns one row at a time" Ne7t./ method of Res ltSet o!%ect can !e called to move to the ne7t row" The getString./ and get?!%ect./ methods are sed for retrieving col mn val es"
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8. Define OD)". ?(B@ is a standard for accessing different data!ase s6stems" There are interfaces for Vis al Basic; Vis al @33; SSC and the ?(B@ driver pac& contains drivers for the Access; Farado7; dBase; Te7t; 17cel and Btrieve data!ases #RO*R%(
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RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for develop a simple Ci!rar6 8anagement s6stem for li!rar6 was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:1D D%TE: %I( To implement a simple chat application sing JAVA" %&*ORIT+( $er9er #" $mport io and net pac&ages" '" -sing $np tStreamReader.S6stem"in/ class read the contents from &e6!oard and pass it to B fferedReader class" *" @reate a server soc&et sing (atagramSoc&et.port no/ class" ," -se (atagramFac&et./ class to create a pac&et" 0" To send and receive the datagram pac&ets; se send.pac&eto!%/ and receive.pac&eto!%/" "lient #" $mport io and net pac&ages" '" -sing $np tStreamReader.S6stem"in/ class read the contents from &e6!oard and pass it to B fferedReader class" *" @reate a client soc&et sing (atagramSoc&et.port no/ class" ," -se (atagramFac&et./ class to create a pac&et" 0" To send and receive the datagram pac&ets; se send.pac&eto!%/ and receive.pac&eto!%/" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. Define socket.
The soc&et is a software a!straction sed to represent the terminals of a connection !etween
"+%TTIN*
two machines or processes" .?r/ it is an o!%ect thro gh which application sends or receives pac&ets of data across networ&" 2. .hat are the ;asic operations of client sockets1 #"@onnect to a remote machine '"Send data
*"Receive data ,"@lose a connection
4. .hat are the ;asic operations of $er9er socket1 Bind to a port Cisten for incoming data Accept connections from remote machines on the !o nd port 6. .hat is meant ;y 0atagram1 The data9s are transmitted in the form of pac&ets that is called as datagram" 2inite siMe data pac&ets are called as datagram"
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JAVA LAB
8. &ist all the socket classes in ja9a. Soc&et ServerSoc&et (atagram Soc&et 8 lticast Soc&et Sec re soc&ets #RO*R%(
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RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for developing chat application was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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JAVA LAB EX NO:11 D%TE: %I( To develop a -ser defined (ate class in %ava" %&*ORIT+(
#" $mport s n" til"calendar"@alendar(ate;s n" til"calendar;%ava"te7t"(ate2ormat and s n" til"calendar"Base@alendar pac&ages" '" @reate an instance to the class Base@alendar in til pac&age"
*" +et the (ate and time sing get+regorian@alendar./ method" Base@alendar gcal E @alendarS6stem"get+regorian@alendar./O
," c rrentTime8illis./ method is sed to ret rn the c rrent time in milliseconds" 0" +et 6ear sing getYear./ method in @alenderS6stem class and displa6 it on screen" RE-IE. /'E$TION$ 1. &ist some functions of Date class. (ate class has two important f nctions" long get ime! " Ret rns the n m!er of milliseconds that have elapsed since Jan ar6 #; #ULK" void set ime!long time" Sets the time and date as specified !6 time; which represents an elapsed time in milliseconds from midnight; Jan ar6 #; #ULK" 2. .hat is the "ollections %#I1 The @ollections AF$ is a set of classes and interfaces that s pport operations on collections of o!%ects" 17ample of classes: :ashSet; :ash8ap; Arra6Cist; Cin&edCist; TreeSet and Tree8ap" 17ample of interfaces: @ollection; Set; Cist and 8ap" 4. .hat is the *regorian"alen0ar class1 +regorian@alendar is a concrete implementation of a @alendar that implements the normal +regorian calendar with which 6o are familiar" The get$nstance. / method of @alendar ret rns a +regorian@alendar initialiMed with the c rrent date and time in the defa lt locale and time Mone" +regorian@alendar defines two fields: A( and B@" These represent the two eras defined !6 the +regorian calendar" 6. .hat is the $impleTimeJone class1
The TimeVone class allows 6o to wor& with time Mone offsets from +reenwich mean time .+8T/; also referred to as @oordinated -niversal Time .-T@/"
8. .hat is the $impleTimeJone class1 The SimpleTimeVone class is a convenient s !class of TimeVone" $t implements TimeVone9s a!stract methods and allows 6o to wor& with time Mones for a +regorian calendar"
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CS58 " JAVA LAB ,. .hich package is reIuire0 to use *regorian "alen0ar programs1 Java" til"calendar"+regorian #RO*R%(
RE$'&T Th s the %ava program for implementing (ate class was compiled and e7ec ted s ccessf ll6"
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