Thermodynamics Homework 13 Solutions

1. (Problem written by Stephen, the TA) In the film Pacific Rim, the Jaeger Gipsy Danger utilizes a weapon known as the Elbow Rocket during its fight with the massive Category 4 Kaiju Leatherback. The Elbow Rocket itself is a jet turbine housed within the elbow of the Jaegers massive robotic arm, which can add additional force to a punch during combat (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L73VjWmiis at around 30 sec). Assuming that the surrounding air temperature during the rain fight is around 7C with a pressure of around 95 kPa, is the force of the Elbow Rocket sufficient to knock the Kaiju back? Leatherback is a relatively large Kaiju who can take 2000 lbf blow. Assume that Gipsys Elbow Rocket intake can pull in surrounding air at a rate of 20 kg/s and uses an experimental fuel with properties nearly identical to hydrogen to power the combustion process in the Elbow Rocket (Use HHV of 141 MJ/kg). Fuel is being provided to Gipsy at a rate of 30 kg/s. During the punch after the rocket fires, Gipsys arm moves at 6 m/s. The jet turbine technology used can approximate a theoretical jet turbine (hint: losses can be neglected). The compressor has a pressure ratio of 15. Note that some velocities in this process can be considered negligible. When determining the force of the elbow rocket weapon, ensure to include the following: a. The T-S diagram b. The temperatures at each point on the T-S diagram c. The actual force that is generated by the elbow rocket, not just if it sufficient or not Use the following jet turbine diagram for a guide when performing energy balances:

2. A power plant operates on an ideal Rankine cycle. The pump moves water through the cycle at a rate of 1000 kg/s. Water enters the pump as a saturated liquid at 50C and exits the pump at 1560 kPa. It exits the boiler at 400C and exits the turbine at 50C. a. Draw the cycle on a quantitative T-S and P-h diagrams, labeling each process in the cycle. b. What is the power output of the turbine? c. What is the thermal efficiency of the cycle?

106

400

105
5.7

300

104
270C

6.4

T [C]

7.1

P [kPa]

200

1560 kPa

103

200C 150C

3
7.8
k kJ/ g-K

8.5

102

110C

100
2 1

101
0.2 0.4 12.35 kPa 0.6 0.8

1
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

0 0.0

1.1

2.2

3.3

4.4

5.5

6.6

7.7

8.8

100 0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

s [kJ/kg-K]

h [kJ/kg]

3. Consider the process diagram shown below. Saturated liquid water enters the boiler at a pressure of 10 MPa. Heat flows into the boiler at a rate of 1 GW. The temperature of the steam leaving the boiler is 600C. Of the mass flow of steam entering the turbine, 10% leaves as high-pressure steam at 1.2 MPa (Stream 8), 20% leaves as medium-pressure steam at 0.6 MPa (Stream 11), and the rest leaves as low-pressure steam (Stream 6). Saturated liquid water leaves the condenser at a pressure of 10 kPa. The turbine is ideal (adiabatic and reversible). What is the power output of the turbine, in MW?

Turbine

Boiler

6 11
Condenser

CFH

3 Pump II 9

OFH

1 10

Pump I

Isenthalpic Throttling Valve

Energy balance boiler:

Energy balance turbine: