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INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU MALAYSIA KAMPUS TEMENGGONG IBRAHIM , JOHOR BAHRU.

KDPM-KDC-PC1 (PC / BM / MT / PJK) NOVEMBER 200 BASKETBALL

NAME TAN AN REN LEE NINGKANG ANG CHAN CHAN TAN SER YEAN &EE YIEN LIEN

N. I/C

891201-23-5167 891119-01-5739 850617-01-6370 820808-01-5162 821226-04-5024

N. H/P 01!-" 1#$0$ 012-" %%%"1 01"-"0 #$00 012"%0 20 012$ $0#%0

LECTURER DATE O( SUBMIT

' MADAM .CHENG YOKE (ONG ' JUNE 2010

SEMESTER $

Instruction Manual of Basketball


1. Introduction --------------------------------------------------------- p.g 1 2. History of basketball --------------------------------------------- p.g 2-3 3. Rules and regulations 3.1 Playing regulations ----------------------------------------- p.g 4 3.2 !uip"ents ------------------------------------------------- p.g # 3.3 $iolations ----------------------------------------------------- p.g % 3.4 &ouls ---------------------------------------------------------- p.g '-( 4. )o""on tec*ni!ues and practices 4.1 Positions ----------------------------------------------------- p.g + 4.2 ,trategy ------------------------------------------------------ p.g 14.3 ,*ooting ----------------------------------------------------- p.g 11 4.4 Rebounding ------------------------------------------------- p.g 12 4.# Passing ------------------------------------------------------- p.g 12 4.% .ribbling ------------------------------------------------------ p.g 13 4.' Blocking ------------------------------------------------------- p.g 14 #. Heig*t --------------------------------------------------------------- p.g 1# %. References -------------------------------------------------------- p.g 1# '. Reflections -------------------------------------------------------- p.g 1%-2(. /ppendi0 1 2fficial Basketball Rules 2--(

1) I)*+,-.*/,) ,0 12345*1266
B2345*1266 is a tea" sport in 3*ic* t3o tea"s of fi4e players try to score points by t*ro3ing or 5s*ooting5 a ball t*roug* t*e top of a basketball *oop 3*ile follo3ing a set of rules. Basketball is one of t*e "ost popular and 3idely 4ie3ed sports in t*e 3orld. / regulation basketball *oop consists of a ri" 1( inc*es 64#.' c"7 in dia"eter and 1- feet 63.-# "7 *ig* "ounted to a backboard. / tea" can score a field goal by s*ooting t*e ball t*roug* t*e *oop during regular play. / field goal scores t3o points for t*e s*ooting tea" if a player is touc*ing or closer to t*e *oop t*an t*e t*ree-point line8 and t*ree points 6a 53 pointer57 if t*e player is 5outside5 t*e t*reepoint line. 9*e tea" 3it* "ore points at t*e end of t*e ga"e 3ins8 but additional ti"e 6o4erti"e7 "ay be issued 3*en t*e scores of bot* tea"s are t*e sa"e. 9*e ball can be ad4anced on t*e court by bouncing it 3*ile 3alking or running 6dribbling7 or passing it to a tea""ate. It is a 4iolation 6tra4eling7 to 3alk 3it* t*e ball 6take t*ree steps 3it*out bouncing t*e ball at least once78 carry it8 or to double dribble 6to *old t*e ball and t*en resu"e dribbling7. $arious 4iolations are generally called 5fouls5. .isrupti4e p*ysical contact 6a personal foul7 is penali:ed8 and a free t*ro3 is usually a3arded to an offensi4e player if *e is fouled 3*ile s*ooting t*e ball. / tec*nical foul "ay also be issued 3*en certain infractions occur8 "ost co""only for unsports"anlike conduct on t*e part of a player or coac*. / tec*nical foul gi4es t*e opposing tea" a free t*ro3. Basketball *as e4ol4ed "any co""only used tec*ni!ues of s*ooting8 passing8 and dribbling8 as 3ell as speciali:ed player positions and offensi4e and defensi4e structures 6player positioning7 and tec*ni!ues. 9ypically8 t*e tallest "e"bers of a tea" 3ill play 5center58 5s"all for3ard58 or 5po3er for3ard5 positions8 3*ile s*orter players or t*ose 3*o possess t*e best ball *andling skills and speed play 5point guard5 or 5s*ooting guard5. ;*ile co"petiti4e basketball is carefully regulated8 nu"erous 4ariations of basketball *a4e de4eloped for casual play. )o"petiti4e basketball is pri"arily an indoor sport played on carefully "arked and "aintained basketball courts8 but less regulated 4ariations are often played outdoors in bot* inner city and rural areas.

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.r. <a"es =ais"it* is kno3n 3orld-3ide as t*e in4entor of basketball. He 3as born in 1(%1 in Ra"say to3ns*ip8 near /l"onte8 2ntario8 )anada. 9*e concept of basketball 3as born fro" =ais"it*>s sc*ool days in t*e area 3*ere *e played a si"ple c*ild>s ga"e kno3n as duck-on-a-rock outside *is one-roo" sc*ool*ouse. 9*e ga"e in4ol4ed atte"pting to knock a 5duck5 off t*e top of a large rock by tossing anot*er rock at it. =ais"it* 3ent on to attend Mc?ill @ni4ersity in Montreal8 Auebec8 )anada. /fter ser4ing as Mc?ill>s /t*letic .irector8 <a"es =ais"it* "o4ed on to t*e BM)/ 9raining ,c*ool in ,pringfield8 Massac*usetts8 @,/ in 1(+18 3*ere t*e sport of basketball 3as born. In ,pringfield8 =ais"it* 3as faced 3it* t*e proble" of finding a sport t*at 3as suitable for play inside during t*e Massac*usetts 3inter for t*e students at t*e ,c*ool for )*ristian ;orkers. =ais"it* 3anted to create a ga"e of skill for t*e students instead of one t*at relied solely on strengt*. He needed a ga"e t*at could be played indoors in a relati4ely s"all space. 9*e first ga"e 3as played 3it* a soccer ball and t3o peac* baskets used as goals. =ais"it* Coined t*e @ni4ersity of Dansas faculty in 1(+(8 teac*ing p*ysical education and being a c*aplain. <a"es =ais"it* de4ised a set of t*irteen rules of basketballE 1. 9*e ball "ay be t*ro3n in any direction 3it* one or bot* *ands. 2. 9*e ball "ay be batted in any direction 3it* one or bot* *ands8 but ne4er 3it* t*e fist. 3. / player cannot run 3it* t*e ball. 9*e player "ust t*ro3 it fro" t*e spot on 3*ic* *e catc*es it8 allo3ance to be "ade for a "an running at good speed.

4. 9*e ball "ust be *eld in or bet3een t*e *ands. 9*e ar"s or body "ust not be used for *olding it. #. =o s*ouldering8 *olding8 pus*ing8 striking or tripping in any 3ay of an opponent. 9*e first infringe"ent of t*is rule by any person s*all count as a foulF t*e second s*all dis!ualify *i" until t*e ne0t goal is "ade or8 if t*ere 3as e4ident intent to inCure t*e person8 for t*e 3*ole of t*e ga"e. =o substitution s*all be allo3ed. %. / foul is striking at t*e ball 3it* t*e fist8 4iolations of Rules 3 and 4 and suc* as described in Rule #. '. If eit*er side "ake t*ree consecuti4e fouls it s*all count as a goal for t*e opponents 6consecuti4e "eans 3it*out t*e opponents in t*e "eanti"e "aking a foul7. (. ?oal s*all be "ade 3*en t*e ball is t*ro3n or batted fro" t*e ground into t*e basket and stays t*ere8 pro4iding t*ose defending t*e goal do not touc* or disturb t*e goal. If t*e ball rests on t*e edge and t*e opponents "o4e t*e basket8 it s*all count as a goal. +. ;*en t*e ball goes out of bounds8 it s*all be t*ro3n into t*e field and played by t*e first person touc*ing it. In case of dispute t*e u"pire s*all t*ro3 it straig*t into t*e field. 9*e t*ro3er-in is allo3ed fi4e seconds. If *e *olds it longer8 it s*all go to t*e opponent. If any side persists in delaying t*e ga"e8 t*e u"pire s*all call a foul on t*e". 1-. 9*e u"pire s*all be Cudge of t*e "en and s*all note t*e fouls and notify t*e referee 3*en t*ree consecuti4e fouls *a4e been "ade. He s*all *a4e t*e po3er to dis!ualify "en according to Rule #. 11. 9*e referee s*all be t*e Cudge of t*e ball and decide 3*en it is in play in bounds8 to 3*ic* side it belongs8 and s*all keep t*e ti"e. He s*all decide 3*en a goal *as been "ade and keep account of t*e goals 3it* any ot*er duties t*at are usually perfor"ed by a referee. 12. 9*e ti"e s*all be t3o 1#-"inute *al4es 3it* fi4e "inutes> rest bet3een. 13. 9*e side "aking t*e "ost goals in t*at ti"e s*all be declared t*e 3inners. In addition to t*e creation of t*e basketball8 <a"es =ais"it* graduated as a "edical doctor8 pri"arily interested in sports p*ysiology and 3*at 3e 3ould today call sports science and as Presbyterian "inister8 3it* a keen interest in p*ilosop*y and clean li4ing. =ais"it* 3atc*ed *is sport8 basketball8 introduced in "any nations by t*e BM)/ "o4e"ent as early as 1(+3. Basketball 3as introduced at t*e Berlin 2ly"pics in 1+3%. =ais"it* 3as flo3n to Berlin to 3atc* t*e ga"es. He died in Ga3rence8 Dansas8 in 1+3+. 9oday basketball *as gro3n to beco"e one of t*e 3orld>s "ost popular sports.

$) R.653 2)- +5;.62*/,)3


3.1 Playing regulations
?a"es are played in four !uarters of 1- 6international7 or 12 "inutes 6=B/7. )ollege ga"es use t3o 2--"inute *al4es8 3*ile *ig* sc*ool ga"es use ( "inute !uarters. &ifteen "inutes are allo3ed for a *alf-ti"e break8 and t3o "inutes are allo3ed at t*e ot*er breaks. 24erti"e periods are fi4e "inutes long at all le4els e0cept for *ig* sc*ool 3*ic* is four "inutes in lengt*. 9ea"s e0c*ange baskets for t*e second *alf. 9*e ti"e allo3ed is actual playing ti"eF t*e clock is stopped 3*ile t*e play is not acti4e. 9*erefore8 ga"es generally take "uc* longer to co"plete t*an t*e allotted ga"e ti"e8 typically about t3o *ours. &i4e players fro" eac* tea" 6out of a t3el4e player roster7 "ay be on t*e court at one ti"e. ,ubstitutions are unli"ited but can only be done 3*en play is stopped. 9ea"s also *a4e a coac*8 3*o o4ersees t*e de4elop"ent and strategies of t*e tea"8 and ot*er tea" personnel suc* as assistant coac*es8 "anagers8 statisticians8 doctors and trainers. &or bot* "en>s and 3o"en>s tea"s8 a standard unifor" consists of a pair of s*orts and a Cersey 3it* a clearly 4isible nu"ber8 uni!ue 3it*in t*e tea"8 printed on bot* t*e front and back. Players 3ear *ig*-top sneakers t*at pro4ide e0tra ankle support. 9ypically8 tea" na"es8 players> na"es and8 outside of =ort* /"erica8 sponsors are printed on t*e unifor"s. / li"ited nu"ber of ti"e-outs8 clock stoppages re!uested by a coac* 6or so"eti"es "andated in t*e =B/7 for a s*ort "eeting 3it* t*e players8 are allo3ed. 9*ey generally last no longer t*an one "inute 61-- seconds in t*e =B/7 unless8 for tele4ised ga"es8 a co""ercial break is needed. 9*e ga"e is controlled by t*e officials consisting of t*e referee 6referred to as cre3 c*ief in t*e =B/78 one or t3o u"pires 6referred to as referees in t*e =B/7 and t*e table officials. &or college8 t*e =B/8 and "any *ig* sc*ools8 t*ere are a total of

t*ree referees on t*e court. 9*e table officials are responsible for keeping track of eac* tea" scoring8 ti"ekeeping8 indi4idual and tea" fouls8 player substitutions8 tea" possession arro38 and t*e s*ot clock.

3.2 !uip"ent
9*e only essential e!uip"ent in a basketball ga"e is t*e basketball and t*e courtE a flat8 rectangular surface 3it* baskets at opposite ends 6or in t*e case of 3-on-3 street basketball8 *alf a court 3it* one basket7. )o"petiti4e le4els re!uire t*e use of "ore e!uip"ent suc* as clocks8 score s*eets8 scoreboard6s78 alternating possession arro3s8 and 3*istle-operated stop-clock syste"s. / regulation basketball court in international ga"es is 2( "etres 6+1.+ ft7 long and 1# "etres 64+.2 ft7 3ide. In t*e =B/ and =)// t*e court is +4 feet 62(.' "7 by #- feet 61#.2 "7. Most courts *a4e 3ood flooring8 usually constructed fro" "aple planks running in t*e sa"e direction as t*e longer court di"ension. 9*e na"e and logo of t*e *o"e tea" is usually painted on or around t*e center circle. 9*e basket is a steel ri" 1( inc*es 64#.' c"7 in dia"eter 3it* an attac*ed net affi0ed to a backboard t*at "easures % feet 61(2.+ c"7 by 3.# feet 61-%.' c"78 and one basket is at eac* end of t*e court. 9*e 3*ite outlined bo0 on t*e backboard is 1( inc*es 64#.' c"7 *ig* and 2 feet 6%1.- c"7 3ide. /t al"ost all le4els of co"petition8 t*e top of t*e ri" is e0actly 1- feet 63-# c"7 abo4e t*e court and 4 feet 6121.+ c"7 inside t*e baseline. ;*ile 4ariation is possible in t*e di"ensions of t*e court and backboard8 it is considered i"portant for t*e basket to be of t*e correct *eig*t - a ri" t*at is off by Cust a fe3 inc*es can *a4e an ad4erse effect on s*ooting. 9*e si:e of t*e basketball is also regulated. &or "en8 t*e official ball is 2+.# inc*es 6'4.+ c"7 in circu"ference 6si:e '8 or a 52+# ball57 and 3eig*s 22 ounces 6%24 g7. If 3o"en are playing8 t*e official basketball si:e is

2(.# inc*es 6'2.4 c"7 in circu"ference 6si:e %8 or a 52(# ball57 3it* a 3eig*t of 2- ounces 6#%' g7.

3.3 $iolations
9*e ball "ay be ad4anced to3ard t*e basket by being s*ot8 passed bet3een players8 t*ro3n8 tapped8 rolled or dribbled 6bouncing t*e ball 3*ile running7. 9*e ball "ust stay 3it*in t*e courtF t*e last tea" to touc* t*e ball before it tra4els out of bounds forfeits possession. 9*e ball is out of bounds if touc*es or crosses o4er a boundary line8 or touc*es a player 3*o is out of bounds. 9*is is in contrast to ot*er sports suc* as football8 4olleyball8 and tennis 6but not rugby or /"erican football7 3*ere t*e ball 6or player7 is still considered in if any part of it is touc*ing a boundary line. 9*e ball-*andler "ay not "o4e bot* feet 3it*out dribbling8 an infraction kno3n as tra4eling8 nor "ay *e dribble 3it* bot* *ands or catc* t*e ball in bet3een dribbles8 a 4iolation called double dribbling. / player>s *and cannot be under t*e ball 3*ile dribblingF doing so is kno3n as carrying t*e ball. / tea"8 once *a4ing establis*ed ball control in t*e front *alf of t*e court8 "ay not return t*e ball to t*e backcourt and be t*e first to touc* it. 9*e ball "ay not be kicked8 nor be struck 3it* t*e fist. / 4iolation of t*ese rules results in loss of possession8 or8 if co""itted by t*e defense8 a reset of t*e s*ot clock 63it* so"e e0ceptions in t*e =B/7. 9*ere are li"its i"posed on t*e ti"e taken before progressing t*e ball past *alf3ay 6( seconds in international and =B/F 1- seconds in =)// "en>s play and *ig* sc*ool for bot* se0es8 but no li"it in =)// 3o"en>s play78 before atte"pting a s*ot 624 seconds in t*e =B/8 3- seconds in =)// 3o"en>s and )anadian Interuni4ersity ,port play for bot* se0es8 and 3# seconds in =)// "en>s play78 *olding t*e ball 3*ile closely guarded 6# seconds78 and re"aining in t*e restricted area belo3 t*e foul line 6t*e lane8 or 5key57 63 seconds7. 9*ese rules are designed to pro"ote "ore offense.

=o player "ay touc* t*e ball on its do3n3ard flig*t to t*e basket8 unless t*e ball *as no c*ance of entering t*e basket 6goaltending7. In addition8 no player "ay touc* t*e ball 3*ile it is on or in t*e basketF 3*en any part of t*e ball is in t*e cylinder abo4e t*e basket 6t*e area e0tended up3ards fro" t*e basket7F or 3*en t*e ball is outside t*e cylinder8 if t*e player reac*es t*roug* t*e basket and touc*es it. 9*is 4iolation is kno3n as 5basket interference5. If a defensi4e player goaltends or co""its basket interference8 t*e basket is a3arded and t*e offending tea" gets t*e ball. If a tea""ate of t*e s*ooter goaltends or co""its interference8 t*e basket is cancelled and play continues 3it* t*e defensi4e tea" being gi4en possession.

3.4 &ouls
/n atte"pt to unfairly disad4antage an opponent t*roug* p*ysical contact is illegal and is called a foul. 9*ese are "ost co""only co""itted by defensi4e playersF *o3e4er8 t*ey can be co""itted by offensi4e players as 3ell. Players 3*o are fouled eit*er recei4e t*e ball to pass inbounds again8 or recei4e one or "ore free t*ro3s if t*ey are fouled in t*e act of s*ooting8 depending on 3*et*er t*e s*ot 3as successful. 2ne point is a3arded for "aking a free t*ro38 3*ic* is atte"pted fro" a line 1# feet 64.% "7 fro" t*e basket. 9*e referee "ay use discretion in calling fouls 6for e0a"ple8 by considering 3*et*er an unfair ad4antage 3as gained78 so"eti"es "aking fouls contro4ersial calls or no-calls. 9*e calling of fouls can 4ary bet3een ga"es8 leagues and e4en a"ong referees. / player or coac* 3*o s*o3s poor sports"ans*ip8 suc* as by arguing 3it* a referee or by fig*ting 3it* anot*er player8 can be c*arged 3it* a "ore serious foul called a tec*nical foul. 9*e penalty in4ol4es free t*ro3s 63*ere8 unlike a personal foul8 t*e ot*er tea" can c*oose any player to s*oot7 and 4aries a"ong leagues. Repeated incidents can result in dis!ualification. Blatant fouls 3it* e0cessi4e contact or t*at are not an atte"pt to play t*e ball are called intentional fouls 6or flagrant fouls in t*e =B/7. In &IB/8 a foul resulting in eCection is called a

dis!ualifying foul8 3*ile in leagues ot*er t*an t*e =B/8 suc* a foul is referred to as flagrant. If a tea" e0ceeds a certain li"it of tea" fouls in a gi4en period 6!uarter or *alf7 1 four for =B/ and international ga"es 1 t*e opposing tea" is a3arded one or t3o free t*ro3s on all subse!uent non-s*ooting fouls for t*at period8 t*e nu"ber depending on t*e league. In t*e @, college and *ig* sc*ool ga"es8 if a tea" reac*es ' fouls in a *alf8 t*e opposing tea" is a3arded one free t*ro38 along 3it* a second s*ot if t*e first is "ade. 9*is is called s*ooting 5one-and-one5. If a tea" e0ceeds 1- fouls in t*e *alf8 t*e opposing tea" is a3arded t3o free t*ro3s on all subse!uent fouls for t*e *alf. ;*en a tea" s*oots foul s*ots8 t*e opponents "ay not interfere 3it* t*e s*ooter8 nor "ay t*ey try to regain possession until t*e last or potentially last free t*ro3 is in t*e air. /fter a tea" *as co""itted a specified nu"ber of fouls8 it is said to be 5in t*e penalty5. 2n scoreboards8 t*is is usually signified 3it* an indicator lig*t reading 5Bonus5 or 5Penalty5 3it* an illu"inated directional arro3 indicating t*at tea" is to recei4e free t*ro3s 3*en fouled by t*e opposing tea". 6,o"e scoreboards also indicate t*e nu"ber of fouls co""itted.7 If a tea" "isses t*e first s*ot of a t3o-s*ot situation8 t*e opposing tea" "ust 3ait for t*e co"pletion of t*e second s*ot before atte"pting to reclai" possession of t*e ball and continuing play. If a player is fouled 3*ile atte"pting a s*ot and t*e s*ot is unsuccessful8 t*e player is a3arded a nu"ber of free t*ro3s e!ual to t*e 4alue of t*e atte"pted s*ot. / player fouled 3*ile atte"pting a regular t3o-point s*ot8 t*en8 recei4es t3o s*ots. / player fouled 3*ile atte"pting a t*ree-point s*ot8 on t*e ot*er *and8 recei4es t*ree s*ots. If a player is fouled 3*ile atte"pting a s*ot and t*e s*ot is successful8 typically t*e player 3ill be a3arded one additional free t*ro3 for one point. In co"bination 3it* a regular s*ot8 t*is is called a 5t*ree-point play5 or 5four-point play5 6or "ore

collo!uially8 an 5and one57 because of t*e basket "ade at t*e ti"e of t*e foul 62 or 3 points7 and t*e additional free t*ro3 61 point7.

<) C,88,) *5=9)/>.53 2)- ?+2=*/353 4.1 Positions


/lt*oug* t*e rules do not specify any positions 3*atsoe4er8 t*ey *a4e e4ol4ed as part of basketball. .uring t*e first fi4e decades of basketball>s e4olution8 one guard8 t3o for3ards8and t3o centers or t3o guards8 t3o for3ards8 and one center 3ere used. ,ince t*e 1+(-s8 "ore specific positions *a4e e4ol4ed8 na"elyE 1. point guardE usually t*e fastest player on t*e tea"8 organi:es t*e tea">s offense by controlling t*e ball and "aking sure t*at it gets to t*e rig*t player at t*e rig*t ti"e 2. s*ooting guardE creates a *ig* 4olu"e of s*ots on offenseF guards t*e opponent>s best peri"eter player on defense 3. s"all for3ardE often pri"arily responsible for scoring points 4ia cuts to t*e basket and dribble penetrationF on defense seeks rebounds and steals8 but so"eti"es plays "ore acti4ely 4. po3er for3ardE plays offensi4ely often 3it* t*eir back to t*e basketF on defense8 plays under t*e basket 6in a :one defense7 or against t*e opposing po3er for3ard 6in "an-to-"an defense7
5. centerE uses *eig*t and si:e to score 6on offense78 to protect t*e basket

closely 6on defense78 or to rebound.

9*e abo4e descriptions are fle0ible. 2n so"e occasions8 tea"s 3ill c*oose to use a three guard offense8 replacing one of t*e for3ards or t*e center 3it* a t*ird guard. 9*e "ost co""only interc*anged positions are point guard and s*ooting guard8 especially if bot* players *a4e good leaders*ip and ball *andling skills.

4.2 ,trategy
9*e strategies also e4ol4e 3it* t*e ga"e. In t*e 1++-s and early 2---s8 tea"s played 3it* "ore 5isolation5. 9ea"s t*at *ad one superstar 3ould let one player8 usually t*e point guard or s*ooting guard8 run "ost of t*e offense 3*ile t*e ot*er four offensi4e players get out of *isH*er 3ay. =o3adays8 tea"s tend to play 3it* "ore tea"3ork. 9*e 5)enter5 position *as e4ol4ed to beco"e "ore of a taller 5,"all &or3ard5 position. ,ince tea"s play "ore tea"3ork8 ball "o4e"ent *as e4ol4ed 3it* t*e ga"e8 and "ore Cu"p s*ots *a4e been taken as a result. 9*ere are t3o "ain defensi4e strategiesE zone defense and man-to-man defense. Ione defense in4ol4es players in defensi4e positions guarding 3*ic*e4er opponent is in t*eir :one. In "an-to-"an defense8 eac* defensi4e player guards a specific opponent and tries to pre4ent t*e" fro" taking action. .efense *as also e4ol4ed 3it* offense. 5Ione defense5 *as c*anged 3it* "any 4ariations. 9*ere are defensi4e sc*e"es called 5213 :one58 5312 :one58 5bo0-and158 521112 :one5 and "any "ore. /ll of t*ese 4ariations 3ere created to defend different 4arieties t*at offense *as. 5Man-to-"an defense5 *as been t*e "ost preferred of all t*e options because "any basketball ga"es are not as organi:ed as t*e entertain"ent part of basketball. 2ffensi4e plays are "ore 4aried8 nor"ally in4ol4ing planned passes and "o4e"ent by players 3it*out t*e ball. / !uick "o4e"ent by an offensi4e player 3it*out t*e ball to gain an ad4antageous position is a cut. / legal atte"pt by an offensi4e player to stop an opponent fro" guarding a tea""ate8 by standing in t*e

defender>s 3ay suc* t*at t*e tea""ate cuts ne0t to *i"8 is a screen or pick. 9*e t3o plays are co"bined in t*e pick and roll8 in 3*ic* a player sets a pick and t*en 5rolls5 a3ay fro" t*e pick to3ards t*e basket. ,creens and cuts are 4ery i"portant in offensi4e playsF t*ese allo3 t*e !uick passes and tea"3ork 3*ic* can lead to a successful basket. 9ea"s al"ost al3ays *a4e se4eral offensi4e plays planned to ensure t*eir "o4e"ent is not predictable. 2n court8 t*e point guard is usually responsible for indicating 3*ic* play 3ill occur.

4.3 ,*ooting
Player releases a s*ort Cu"p s*ot8 3*ile *er defender is eit*er knocked do3n8 or trying to 5take a c*arge.5 ,*ooting is t*e act of atte"pting to score points by t*ro3ing t*e ball t*roug* t*e basket. Met*ods can 4ary 3it* players and situations. 9ypically a player faces t*e basket 3it* bot* feet facing t*e basket. / player 3ill t*en allo3 t*e ball to rest on t*e fingertips of t*e do"inant *and 6t*e s*ooting ar"7 slig*tly abo4e t*e *ead8 3it* t*e ot*er *and supporting t*e side of t*e ball. 9*e ball is typically s*ot by Cu"ping 6t*oug* not al3ays7 and straig*tening t*e s*ooting ar". 9*e s*ooting ar"8 fully e0tended 3it* t*e 3rist fully bent is *eld stationary for a "o"ent follo3ing t*e release of t*e ball8 kno3n as a follo3-t*roug*. Players often try to put a steady backspin on t*e ball to deaden its i"pact 3it* t*e ri". 9*e ideal traCectory of t*e s*ot is so"e3*at arguable8 but generally coac*es reco""end a proper arc*. Players "ay s*oot directly into t*e basket or "ay use t*e backboard to redirect t*e ball into t*e basket. 9*e t3o "ost co""on s*ots t*at use t*e abo4e described setup are t*e set shot and t*e jump shot. 9*e set s*ot is taken fro" a standing position8 3it* neit*er foot lea4ing t*e floor8 typically used for free t*ro3s. 9*e Cu"p s*ot is taken 3*ile in "idair8 3*en t*e ball is released near t*e top of t*e Cu"p. 9*is pro4ides "uc* greater po3er and range8 and it also allo3s t*e player to ele4ate o4er t*e defender. &ailure to release t*e ball before t*e feet return to t*e ground is considered a tra4eling 4iolation.

/not*er co""on s*ot is called t*e layup. 9*is s*ot re!uires t*e player to be in "otion to3ard t*e basket8 and to 5lay5 t*e ball 5up5 and into t*e basket8 typically off t*e backboard 6t*e backboard-free8 under*and 4ersion is called a finger roll7. 9*e "ost cro3d-pleasing and typically *ig*est-percentage accuracy s*ot is t*e slam dunk8 in 3*ic* t*e player Cu"ps 4ery *ig* and t*ro3s t*e ball do3n3ard8 straig*t t*roug* t*e *oop. /not*er s*ot t*at is beco"ing co""on is t*e 5circus s*ot.5 9*e circus s*ot is a lo3-percentage s*ot t*at is flipped8 *ea4ed8 scooped8 or flung to3ard t*e *oop 3*ile t*e s*ooter is off-balance8 airborne8 falling do3n8 andHor facing a3ay fro" t*e basket. / s*ot t*at "isses bot* t*e ri" and t*e backboard co"pletely is referred to as an air ball. / particularly bad s*ot8 or one t*at only *its t*e backboard8 is Cocularly called a brick.

4.4 Rebounding
9*e obCecti4e of rebounding is to successfully gain possession of t*e basketball after a "issed field goal or free t*ro38 as it rebounds fro" t*e *oop or backboard. 9*is plays a "aCor role in t*e ga"e8 as "ost possessions end 3*en a tea" "isses a s*ot. 9*ere are t3o categories of reboundsE offensi4e rebounds8 in 3*ic* t*e ball is reco4ered by t*e offensi4e side and does not c*ange possession8 and defensi4e rebounds8 in 3*ic* t*e defending tea" gains possession of t*e loose ball. 9*e "aCority of rebounds are defensi4e8 as t*e tea" on defense tends to be in better position to reco4er "issed s*ots.

4.# Passing
/ pass is a "et*od of "o4ing t*e ball bet3een players. Most passes are acco"panied by a step for3ard to increase po3er and are follo3ed t*roug* 3it* t*e *ands to ensure accuracy.

/ staple pass is t*e chest pass. 9*e ball is passed directly fro" t*e passer>s c*est to t*e recei4er>s c*est. / proper c*est pass in4ol4es an out3ard snap of t*e t*u"bs to add 4elocity and lea4es t*e defence little ti"e to react. /not*er type of pass is t*e bounce pass. Here8 t*e passer bounces t*e ball crisply about t3o-t*irds of t*e 3ay fro" *is o3n c*est to t*e recei4er. 9*e ball strikes t*e court and bounces up to3ard t*e recei4er. 9*e bounce pass takes longer to co"plete t*an t*e c*est pass8 but it is also *arder for t*e opposing tea" to intercept 6kicking t*e ball deliberately is a 4iolation7. 9*us8 players often use t*e bounce pass in cro3ded "o"ents8 or to pass around a defender. 9*e overhead pass is used to pass t*e ball o4er a defender. 9*e ball is released 3*ile o4er t*e passer>s *ead. 9*e outlet pass occurs after a tea" gets a defensi4e rebound. 9*e ne0t pass after t*e rebound is t*e outlet pass. 9*e crucial aspect of any good pass is it being difficult to intercept. ?ood passers can pass t*e ball 3it* great accuracy and t*ey kno3 e0actly 3*ere eac* of t*eir ot*er tea""ates prefers to recei4e t*e ball. / special 3ay of doing t*is is passing t*e ball 3it*out looking at t*e recei4ing tea""ate. 9*is is called a no-look pass. /not*er ad4anced style of passing is t*e behind-the-back pass 3*ic*8 as t*e description i"plies8 in4ol4es t*ro3ing t*e ball be*ind t*e passer>s back to a tea""ate. /lt*oug* so"e players can perfor" suc* a pass effecti4ely8 "any coac*es discourage no-look or be*ind-t*e-back passes8 belie4ing t*e" to be difficult to control and "ore likely to result in turno4ers or 4iolations.

4.% .ribbling
.ribbling is t*e act of bouncing t*e ball continuously 3it* one *and8 and is a re!uire"ent for a player to take steps 3it* t*e ball. 9o dribble8 a player pus*es t*e ball do3n to3ards t*e ground 3it* t*e fingertips rat*er t*an patting itF t*is ensures greater control.

;*en dribbling past an opponent8 t*e dribbler s*ould dribble 3it* t*e *and fart*est fro" t*e opponent8 "aking it "ore difficult for t*e defensi4e player to get to t*e ball. It is t*erefore i"portant for a player to be able to dribble co"petently 3it* bot* *ands. ?ood dribblers 6or 5ball *andlers57 tend to bounce t*e ball lo3 to t*e ground8 reducing t*e distance of tra4el of t*e ball fro" t*e floor to t*e *and8 "aking it "ore difficult for t*e defender to 5steal5 t*e ball. ?ood ball *andlers fre!uently dribble be*ind t*eir backs8 bet3een t*eir legs8 and s3itc* directions suddenly8 "aking a less predictable dribbling pattern t*at is "ore difficult to defend against. 9*is is called a crosso4er8 3*ic* is t*e "ost effecti4e 3ay to "o4e past defenders 3*ile dribbling. / skilled player can dribble 3it*out 3atc*ing t*e ball8 using t*e dribbling "otion or perip*eral 4ision to keep track of t*e ball>s location. By not *a4ing to focus on t*e ball8 a player can look for tea""ates or scoring opportunities8 as 3ell as a4oid t*e danger of *a4ing so"eone steal t*e ball a3ay fro" *i"H*er.

4.' Blocking
/ block is perfor"ed 3*en8 after a s*ot is atte"pted8 a defender succeeds in altering t*e s*ot by touc*ing t*e ball. In al"ost all 4ariants of play8 it is illegal to touc* t*e ball after it is in t*e do3n3ard pat* of its arcF t*is is kno3n as goaltending. It is also illegal under =B/ and Men>s =)// basketball to block a s*ot after it *as touc*ed t*e backboard8 or 3*en any part of t*e ball is directly abo4e t*e ri". 9o block a s*ot8 a player *as to be able to reac* a point *ig*er t*an 3*ere t*e s*ot is released. 9*us8 *eig*t can be an ad4antage in blocking. Players 3*o are taller and playing t*e po3er for3ard or center positions generally record "ore blocks t*an players 3*o are s*orter and playing t*e guard positions. Ho3e4er8 3it* good ti"ing and a sufficiently *ig* 4ertical leap8 e4en s*orter players can be effecti4e s*ot blockers.

#) H5/;9*
/t t*e professional le4el8 "ost "ale players are abo4e % feet 3 inc*es 61.+1 "7 and "ost 3o"en abo4e # feet ' inc*es 61.'- "7. ?uards8 for 3*o" p*ysical coordination and ball-*andling skills are crucial8 tend to be t*e s"allest players. /l"ost all for3ards in t*e "en>s pro leagues are % feet % inc*es 61.+( "7 or taller. Most centers are o4er % feet 1- inc*es 62.-( "7 tall. /ccording to a sur4ey gi4en to all =B/ tea"s8 t*e a4erage *eig*t of all =B/ players is Cust under % feet ' inc*es 62.-1 "78 3it* t*e a4erage 3eig*t being close to 222 pounds 61-1 kg7. 9*e tallest players e4er in t*e =B/ 3ere Manute Bol and ?*eorg*e MureJan8 3*o 3ere bot* ' feet ' inc*es 62.31 "7 tall. 9*e tallest current =B/ player is Bao Ming8 3*o stands at ' feet % inc*es 62.2+ "7. 9*e s*ortest player e4er to play in t*e =B/ is Muggsy Bogues at # feet 3 inc*es 61.%- "7K2'L. 2t*er s*ort players *a4e t*ri4ed at t*e pro le4el. /nt*ony 5,pud5 ;ebb 3as Cust # feet ' inc*es 61.'- "7 tall8 but *ad a 42-inc* 61.-' "7 4ertical leap8 gi4ing *i" significant *eig*t 3*en Cu"ping. 9*e s*ortest player in t*e =B/ 6and second s*ortest e4er in t*e =B/7 as of t*e 2--+11- season is arl Boykins at # feet # inc*es 61.%# "7K2(L. ;*ile s*orter players are often not 4ery good at defending against s*ooting8 t*eir ability to na4igate !uickly t*roug* cro3ded areas of t*e court and steal t*e ball by reac*ing lo3 are strengt*s.

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REFLECTION ( CHAN CHAN )


I 3ould like to t*anks all t*e people including "y partner8 3*o *elps "e a lot 3*en doing t*is assign"ent. I really appreciate all "y friends and lecturers t*at gi4e "e great *elps. &ro" t*is assign"ent8 I M" learn so"e kno3ledge suc* as *o3 to passing t*e basketball8 to understand t*e basketball rules. In addition8 3e also learn about t*e officialsN signal. &or e0a"ple8 scoring8 type of 4iolations8 and type of foul. ?uidance fro" our lecturer8 let our 3ork easier to do since at first 3e donNt *a4e any idea to do it. I fell 4ery *appy as I learn "any topics t*at I ne4er learn in "y student life. Basketball lessons are di4ided into practical lesson and t*eory lesson. &ro" practical lesson8 I learn t*e tec*ni!ue of passing ball8 t*ro3ing8 catc*ing ball and so on. By t*e 3ay8 I kno3 t*at basketball is a ball ga"e bet3een t3o tea"s of fi4e players8 played on bot* indoor and outdoor courts. Players "o4e t*e ball by passing it or by dribbling it 3*ile running. / player can>t run 3it* t*e ball. 9*e player "ust t*ro3 it fro" t*e spot on 3*ic* *e catc*es it8 allo3ance to be "ade for a "an running at good speed and t*e ball "ust be *eld in or bet3een t*e *andsF t*e ar"s or body "ust not be used for *olding it. By no38 I M" reali:e t*at I didnNt play t*e basketball 4ery 3ell at all. &urt*er"ore8 I s*ould be spend "ore ti"e to practice it. But I really *ope I can being a good tea" player in future. I 3ill encourage "y pupils to play t*e basketball because t*is is a *ealt*y sports and great 3ay for kids to get acti4e 8 fun and de4elop concentration and self-discipline..

Reflection (Wee Yien Lien)


I felt 4ery *appy after attending t*e basketball lessons fro" ,e"ester 1 until no3. 9*is 3as because I *ad learned so "uc* kno3ledge fro" t*e basketball lessons. 2ur basketball lessons are di4ided into practical lesson and t*eory lesson. &ro" practical lesson8 I *ad learned t*e tec*ni!ue of bouncing8 passing ball8 t*ro3ing8 catc*ing ball and s*ooting t*e ball. Besides t*at8 I also kne3 about t*e rules of basketball ga"e. &ro" t*eory lesson8 I also learned about t*e rules of t*e basketball ga"e. Basketball is played by t3o tea"s of fi4e players eac*. 9*e ai" of eac* tea" is to score in t*e opponentsN basket and to pre4ent t*e ot*er tea" fro" scoring. 9*e ga"e is controlled by officials8 table officials and a co""issioner8 if present. 9*e basketball t*at is attacked by a tea" is t*e opponentsN basket and t*e basket 3*ic* is defended by a tea" is t*e tea"Ns o3n basket. In addition8 I *ad kno3n about official basketball rules. &ro" official rule8 I *ad kno3n about officialsN signal. &or e0a"ple8 scoring8 clock-related8 ad"inistrati4e nu"ber of player and ot*er else. 9*e *and signals illustrated in t*ese rules are t*e only official signals. 9*ey "ust be used by all officials in all ga"e. &inally8 I 3ant to t*ank "y lecturers for t*eir guidance8 t*ey are Mr. Gee8 Mada" )*eng and .r. ,ia. 9*is is because t*ey *ad gi4en us so "uc* kno3ledge about basketball and taug*t us t*e tec*ni!ue to control t*e ball. Besides t*at8 I also 3ant to t*ank "y friends for t*eir cooperation and guidance.

Reflection 6 Gee =ingkang 7


;*en I kno3 t*at our classes *a4e basketball as our per"ainan class8 I feel bot* surprise and e0ited as 3ell because I ne4er play basketball before. /nd no3 I *a4e t*e c*ance to learn *o3 to play basketball. I find it is kind of *ard to fully control and dribble t*e ball. I also find difficulties 3*ile s*ot t*e ball. But after practice "yself at sc*oolF I finally can control t*e ball properly. /nd I also start to learn basketballNs rules t*roug* leading "y sc*ools basketball tea" to tourna"ent. I *a4e "yself "ore opportunity to learn "ore about basketball by talking 3it* basketball coac*. /fter leading sc*ools tea"8 I found t*at basketball is not only a sport but also a ga"e of "ind. ;e "ust plan 3*ile play t*e ga"es to 3in our opponent. ;ining a basketball ga"e re!uires not only basketball skills but also 3ise plan to defeat opponent. =o3 I a" a basketball tea" teac*er in "y sc*ool8 I 3ill try "y best and teac* "y student *o3 to play basketball8 and I 3ill also i"pro4e "y basketball skill as 3ell to educate "y student 3it* "ore efficiency.

Reflection ( Tan Ser Yean )

Before I attend t*e basketball lesson8 I only kne3 *o3 to bounce8 t*ro3 and catc* t*e ball. I donNt kno3 *o3 to teac* students about t*e tec*ni!ue of passing8 t*ro3ing8 catc*ing and s*ooting t*e basketball and do not "ake any foul or "istake in a basketball "atc*. .uring t*e basketball lesson8 IN4e learned t*e rules of playing basketball and t*e tec*ni!ue of bouncing8 dribbling8 passing and s*ooting t*e basketball. I *ad faced so"e proble" 3*ile practising8 but "y lecturers and class"ates ga4e "e a lot of instructions to *elp "e to o4erco"e t*e proble". I 3ant to t*ank for t*eir guidance and *elp. Gecturers taug*t us *o3 to let student *old and play 3it* t*e basketball before teac*ing t*e" any tec*ni!ue. ;e *a4e to "ake sure t*at student 3onNt be afraid to catc* t*e basketball. Besides t*at8 IN4e also learned *o3 to prepare a basketball "atc* for sc*ool 3*ile doing assign"ent. I *a4e gained so"e ideas and e0periences fro" "y lecturer Mr. Gee8 Mada". )*eng8 .r. ,ia and "y class"ates. 9*ey not only taug*t "e t*e t*eory of basketball8 but also s*o3n t*e tec*ni!ue of playing basketball. O,uccess 3ill not be t*ere if you did not gi4e it a tryP8 so 3e *a4e to try or else 3e donNt kno3 *o3 far 3e can go. I like to attend t*e basketball lessons because I can learn "ore about t*e basketball suc* as t*e *istory of basketball8 rules of a basketball "atc* and t*e playing court. &inally8 I 3ill try "y best to teac* "y student about t*e kno3ledge of basketball.

Reflection 1 9an /n Ren


&irst of all8 I 3ould like to t*ank "y group "e"bers for t*eir cooperation in co"pleting t*is assign"ent toget*er. ,econdly8 I 3ould like to s*o3 "y gratitude to t*e lecturers8 and t*ey are Puan )*eng8 Mr. Gee and .r. ,ia8 3e are able to finis* t*e assign"ent because of t*eir guidance . ;*en I get to kno3 t*at 3e 3ere allocated 3it* t*e basketball acti4ity as our subCect of sports ga"e8 I 3as 4ery *appy. It is because I "yself like to play basketball 4ery "uc*8 alt*oug* I a" not 4ery good in playing t*at. Ho3e4er8 t*roug* t*e lessons of t*eories gi4en by lecturers8 I get to kno3 t*e basketball better t*an before. Before t*e lessons8 I only roug*ly kno3 *o3 to play in a basketball "atc* but 3it*out kno3ing all t*e basic regulations. /fter t*e lessons8 I can understand "ore about t*e regulations 3*ic* s*ould be noticed in a "atc* and t*e tec*ni!ues 3*ic* s*ould be e"p*asi:ed 3*en t*e training is being carried out. 2nce again I 3ant to t*ank t*e lecturers for s*aring t*eir kno3ledge 3it* us. Gastly8 I *ope t*at 3it* t*e ne3 kno3ledge t*at I *a4e learnt fro" t*is assign"ent and lessons8 I can carry out "y task better 3*en I *a4e t*e c*ance to take in c*arge of t*e basketball acti4ity. 4en I 3as asked to be a trainer8 I 3onNt be afraid of t*e c*allenge any"ore.

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