Algebra 2 Linear Programming Packet (LT H)

NAME______________________________HR____

Checklist: I can graph linear inequalities I can graph many linear inequalities on the same axes and identify the feasible region I can identify each vertex of the feasible region I can identify the variables I can write constraints I can write an objective function I can use the objective function and vertices of the feasible region to find a maximum and minimum

I can graph linear inequalities Use the slope and the y-intercept to graph the following. 1. > 3 4
1

IMPORTANT THINGS TO REMEMBER

2.

2 + 3
[for y = mx + b form] 1. Plot the y-intercept 2. Use slope to plot another point 3. Draw the line < or > dashed line or solid line 4. Test a point (usually the origin) 5. Shade True, shade that side False, shade the other side

Use the intercepts to graph the following. 3. 3 + 2 18 4. 7 + 3 21

[for Ax + By = C form]

1. Plug in 0 for x to find the y-intercept 2. plug in 0 for y to find the x-intercept 3. Draw the line < or > dashed line or solid line 4. Test a point (usually the origin) 5. Shade True, shade that side False, shade the other side

Graph the following. 5. 120 + 100 6800

6.

1.8 + 3 > 5.4

Dont be bothered by larger numbers or decimals!

Graph. You may need to put into y = mx + b or Ax + By = C form first. 7. 20 15 20 15 15 20 20 15 4 3

Youll need to decide which form is easiest.

8.

25 <

*If using a graphing calculator, youll need to solve for y!

25 < < + 25

9.

10 2 + 50

10 2 + 50 1 + 5 5

Graph. The lines will be either horizontal or vertical. 10. > 0 11. 2.25
Remember, lines in the form x = k will always be vertical. So these will always look like something like this:

12.

35

13.

> 3
Remember, lines in the form y = k will always be horizontal. So these will always look like something like this:

14.

5 15

15.

0.25 1.5

Read these as y is between 5 and 15 and the graphs should look something like this:

Practice. Graph the following inequalities. 16. + 1.75 + 1.75 17. 0.5 1.5

18.

0.5

19.

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable with graphing linear inequalities, check off the box

I can graph linear inequalities on the front page.

I can graph linear inequalities on the same axes and identify the feasible region

Graph the feasible regions defined by the systems of inequalities. 20.

+ 1.75 0.5 1.5 0.5 0
Notice this first one is just the previous page all put into one.

21.

+ 200 20 + 30 5000 50 120 10

Tip: Instead of shading all of them, draw arrows in the directionthen it will be cleaner to shade at the end.

Practice. Graph the feasible regions defined by the systems of inequalities. 22. 0.8 + 40 0 30 0 30

23.

0.5 + 10 500 1500 5 + 12 12000 1200

24.

+ 10 8 + 12 200 2 10 15

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable with graphing feasible regions, check off the box

I can graph many linear inequalities on the same axes and identify the feasible region on the front page.

I can identify each vertex of the feasible region Below are inequalities and their related feasible regions. Identify each vertex of the region. 24. 2 100 + 300 15000 0 30
= 2
you must find the solution to the system y = 30 100x + 300y = 15000 To find the vertices of the feasible region, you must find the points of intersection of the lines. For example, to find this vertex

= 30 100 + 300 = 15000 = 0

(0,0)

Need to use = 2 and = 30. Substitute. 30 = 2 = 15 (15,30)

Need to use 100 + 300 = 15000 and = 30. Substitute. 100 + 300 30 = 15000 100 + 9000 = 15000 100 = 6000 = 60 (60,30)

(150,0)

Dont do extra work! You dont need to find this one

You have options! Remember, you can find these points using substitution, elimination, or using a graphing calculator.

10

25.

3 + 5 70 + 10 5 5
= 5

Use 3 + 5 = 70 and = 5 3 5 + 5 = 70 5 = 55 = 11 (5,11)

= 5

3 + 5 = 70

+ = 10

Use + = 10 and = 5 5 + = 10 = 5 (5,5)

Use + = 10 and = 5 = + 5 + 5 + = 10 2 + 5 = 10 2 = 5 = 2.5 + 2.5 = 10 = 7.5 (2.5,7.5) Use 3 + 5 = 70 and = 5 = + 5 3 + 5 + 5 = 70 3 + 15 + 5 = 70 8 = 55 = 6.875 6.875 = 5 = 11.875 (11.875,6.875)

11

Practice. Below are inequalities and their related feasible regions. Identify each vertex of the region. 26. 10 + 22 550 + 30 0 15 40

(22,15) (15,15) (40,6.18) (40,0) (30,0)

27.

0.1 + 0.5 2 + 16 0 2 0
(0,2) (10,2) (15,1)

(0,0)

(16,0)

12

28.

0.4 + 2 0 0.2 + 4 1 1 + 10

(3.3,3.3) (7.5,2.5) (1,2.4) (1,1) (9,1)

29.

1500 + 2400 400000 + 200 0 150 0 150

(0,150) (88.9,111.1) (150,50) (0,0) (150,0)

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable finding vertices of feasible regions, check off the box

I can identify each vertex of the feasible region on the front page.
13

NOW! Put it all together. Graph the inequalities and find each vertex of the feasible region. 30. + 8 2 + 7 1 5 2 + 12 1
1

Vertices: (0,0) (1,6.5) (2,6) (4,4) (5,2) (5,0)

14

31.

25 + 20 800 3 10 20

Vertices: (3.3,10) (6.6,20) (16,20) (24,10)

15

I can identify the variables For each word problem, identify the variables. 32. A computer company produces a laptop and a desktop. There is an expected demand of at least 100 laptops and 80 desktops each day. Because of limitations on production capacity, no more than 200 laptops and 170 desktops can be made daily. To satisfy a shipping contract, a total of at least 200 computers much be shipped each day. If each laptop computer sold results in a $2 loss, but each desktop produces a $20 profit, how many of each type should be made daily to maximize net profits?
Look at the question being asked. In this case the question is How many of each type should be made daily to maximize net profits?

SOLUTION x = number of laptop computers y = number of desktop computers

33. Piatas are made to sell at a craft fair. It takes 2 hours to make a mini piata and 3 hours to make a regular sized piata. The owner of the craft booth will make a profit of $12 for each mini piata sold and $24 for each regular-sized piata sold. If the craft booth owner has no more than 30 hours available to make piatas and wants to have at least 12 piatas to sell, how many of each size piata should be made to maximize profit?

In this case the question is How many of each size piata should be made to maximize profit?

SOLUTION x = number of mini piatas y = number of regular-sized piatas

16

Practice. For each word problem, identify the variables. 34. A company manufactures two types of printers, an inkjet printer and a laser printer. The company can make a total of 60 printers per day, and it has 120 labor-hours per day available. It takes 1 labor-hour to make an inkjet printer and 3 labor-hours to make a laser printer. The profit is $40 per inkjet printer and $60 per laser printer. How many of each type of printer should the company make to maximize its daily profit? x = number of inkjet printers y = number of laser printers

35. You have 180 tomatoes and 15 onions left over from your garden. You want to use these to make jars of tomato sauce and jars of salsa to sell at a farm stand. A jar of tomato sauce requires 10 tomatoes and 1 onion, and a jar of salsa requires 5 tomatoes and onion. You will make a profit of $2 on every jar of tomato sauce sold and a profit of $1.50 on every jar of salsa sold. The owner of the farm stand wants at least three times as many jars of tomato sauce as jars of salsa. How many jars of each should you make to maximize profit? x = number of jars of tomato sauce y = number of jars of salsa

36. A farmer has 10 acres to plant in wheat and rye. He has to plant at least 7 acres. However, he has only $1200 to spend and each acre of wheat costs $200 to plant and each acre of rye costs $100 to plant. Moreover, the farmer has to get the planting done in 12 hours and it takes an hour to plant an acre of wheat and 2 hours to plant an acre of rye. If the profit is $500 per acre of wheat and $300 per acre of rye how many acres of each should be planted to maximize profits? x = number of wheat acres y = number of rye acres

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable IDENTIFYING VARIABLES, check off the box

I can identify the variables on the front page.

17

I can write constraints For each word problem, write the constraints. 37. A computer company produces a laptop and a desktop. There is an expected demand of at least 100 laptops and 80 desktops each day. Because of limitations on production capacity, no more than 200 laptops and 170 desktops can be made daily. To satisfy a shipping contract, a total of at least 200 computers much be shipped each day. If each laptop computer sold results in a $2 loss, but each desktop produces a $20 profit, how many of each type should be made daily to maximize net profits?
Youve identified the variable already: use that information x = # of laptops y = # of desktops Take the information PIECE BY PIECE. There is an expected demand of at least 100 laptops and 80 desktops each day. (This should give you two inequalities) no more than 200 laptops and 170 desktops can be made daily (This should give you two more inequalities) a total of at least 200 computers much be shipped each day (This should give you another one)

Youll get constraints from the following pieces:

38. Piatas are made to sell at a craft fair. It takes 2 hours to make a mini piata and 3 hours to make a regular sized piata. The owner of the craft booth will make a profit of $12 for each mini piata sold and $24 for each regular-sized piata sold. If the craft booth owner has no more than 30 hours available to make piatas and wants to have at least 12 piatas to sell, how many of each size piata should be made to maximize profit?

It takes 2 hours to make a mini piata and 3 hours to make a regular sized piata. WITH the craft booth owner has no more than 30 hours available to make piatas Also, wants to have at least 12 piatas to sell

So what about PROFIT? Youll deal with maximizing profit and the prices later when we write an objective function. For now, we just need to write as many INEQUALITIES as we can.

18

Practice. For each word problem, write the constraints. You may want to refer back to the variables you already
identified in #34-36. 39. A company manufactures two types of printers, an inkjet printer and a laser printer. The company can make a total of 60 printers per day, and it has 120 labor-hours per day available. It takes 1 labor-hour to make an inkjet printer and 3 labor-hours to make a laser printer. The profit is $40 per inkjet printer and $60 per laser printer. How many of each type of printer should the company make to maximize its daily profit?

40. You have 180 tomatoes and 15 onions left over from your garden. You want to use these to make jars of tomato sauce and jars of salsa to sell at a farm stand. A jar of tomato sauce requires 10 tomatoes and 1 onion, and a jar of salsa requires 5 tomatoes and onion. You will make a profit of $2 on every jar of tomato sauce sold and a profit of $1.50 on every jar of salsa sold. The owner of the farm stand wants at least three times as many jars of tomato sauce as jars of salsa. How many jars of each should you make to maximize profit?

41. A farmer has 10 acres to plant in wheat and rye. He has to plant at least 7 acres. However, he has only $1200 to spend and each acre of wheat costs $200 to plant and each acre of rye costs $100 to plant. Moreover, the farmer has to get the planting done in 12 hours and it takes an hour to plant an acre of wheat and 2 hours to plant an acre of rye. If the profit is $500 per acre of wheat and $300 per acre of rye how many acres of each should be planted to maximize profits?

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable WRITING CONSTRAINTS, check off the box

I can write constraints on the front page.

19

I can write an objective function

For each word problem, write the objective function. 42. A computer company produces a laptop and a desktop. There is an expected demand of at least 100 laptops and 80 desktops each day. Because of limitations on production capacity, no more than 200 laptops and 170 desktops can be made daily. To satisfy a shipping contract, a total of at least 200 computers much be shipped each day. If each laptop computer sold results in a $2 loss, but each desktop produces a $20 profit, how many of each type should be made daily to maximize net profits?
The objective function deals with what youre trying to maximize or minimize. Often, youll want to look at the last sentence: If each laptop computer sold results in a $2 loss, but each desktop produces a $20 profit, how many of each type should be made daily to maximize net profits?

P = -2x + 20y

43. Piatas are made to sell at a craft fair. It takes 2 hours to make a mini piata and 3 hours to make a regular sized piata. The owner of the craft booth will make a profit of $12 for each mini piata sold and $24 for each regular-sized piata sold. If the craft booth owner has no more than 30 hours available to make piatas and wants to have at least 12 piatas to sell, how many of each size piata should be made to maximize profit?

For this one, some of the information is in the middle: The owner of the craft booth will make a profit of $12 for each mini piata sold and $24 for each regular-sized piata sold.

P = 12x + 24y

20

Practice. For each word problem, write the objective function.

44. A company manufactures two types of printers, an inkjet printer and a laser printer. The company can make a total of 60 printers per day, and it has 120 labor-hours per day available. It takes 1 labor-hour to make an inkjet printer and 3 labor-hours to make a laser printer. The profit is $40 per inkjet printer and $60 per laser printer. How many of each type of printer should the company make to maximize its daily profit? P = 40x + 60y

45. You have 180 tomatoes and 15 onions left over from your garden. You want to use these to make jars of tomato sauce and jars of salsa to sell at a farm stand. A jar of tomato sauce requires 10 tomatoes and 1 onion, and a jar of salsa requires 5 tomatoes and onion. You will make a profit of $2 on every jar of tomato sauce sold and a profit of $1.50 on every jar of salsa sold. The owner of the farm stand wants at least three times as many jars of tomato sauce as jars of salsa. How many jars of each should you make to maximize profit? P = 2x + 1.50y

46. A farmer has 10 acres to plant in wheat and rye. He has to plant at least 7 acres. However, he has only $1200 to spend and each acre of wheat costs $200 to plant and each acre of rye costs $100 to plant. Moreover, the farmer has to get the planting done in 12 hours and it takes an hour to plant an acre of wheat and 2 hours to plant an acre of rye. If the profit is $500 per acre of wheat and $300 per acre of rye how many acres of each should be planted to maximize profits? P = 500x + 300y

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable WRITING OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS, check off the box

I can write objective functions on the front page.

21

I can use the objective function and vertices of the feasible region to find a maximum and minimum Given the vertices of the feasible region, find the maximum and minimum values of the objective function. 47. Vertices: (0,0), (15,30), (60,30), (150,0) = 20 + 30

Plug in each ordered pair. The biggest value of P is the maximum, the smallest value is the minimum.

= 20(0)+30(0)=0 = 20(15)+30(30)=1200 = 20(60)+30(30)=2100 = 20(150)+30(0)=3000

48.

*minimum

*maximum

Vertices: (5,5), (5,11), (11.875,6.875), (7.5,2.5) = 2.5 + 3

= 2.5(5)+3(5)=27.5 = 2.5(5)+3(11)=45.5 = 2.5(11.875)+3(6.875)=50.3125 = 2.5(7.5)+3(2.5)=26.25

*maximum *minimum
22

Practice. Given the vertices of the feasible region, find the maximum and minimum values of the objective function. 49. Vertices: (15,15) (22,15) (40,6.81) (40,0) (30,0)

P = 1000x - 200y P = 1000(15) P = 1000(22) P = 1000(40) P = 1000(40) P = 1000(30)

- 200(15) = 12000 *min - 200(15) = 19000 - 200(6.81) = 38638 - 200(0) = 40000 *max - 200(0) = 30000

50.

(0,0) (16,0) (15,1) (10,2) (0,2)

P = 5x + 8y

P = 5(0) + 8(0) = 0 P = 5(16) + 8(0) = 80 P = 5(15) + 8(1) = 83 P = 5(10) + 8(2) =66 P = 5(0) + 8(2) = 16

*min *max

23

51.

(3.3,3.3) (7.5,2.5) (9,1) (1,1) (1,2.4)

P = 100x + 200y P = 100(3.3) + 200(3.3) = 990 P = 100(7.5) + 200(2.5) = 1250 P = 100(9) + 200(1) = 1100 P = 100(1) + 200(1) = 300 P = 100(1) + 200(2.4) = 580

*max *min

52.

(0,0) (0,150) (50,150) (88.9,111.1) (150,50) (150,0)

P = 12x + 18y P P P P P P
= 12(0) + 18(0) = 0 *min = 12(0) + 18(150) = 2700 = 12(50) + 18(150) = 3300 *max = 12(88.9) + 18(111.1) = 3066.6 = 12(150) + 18(50) = 2700 = 12(150) + 18(0) = 1800

Checkpoint: If you feel comfortable finding a maximum and minimum using the objective function, check off the box I can use the objective function and vertices of the feasible region to find a maximum and minimum on the front page. 24

Now, put it all together! 53. A certain refinery is trying to decide how much fuel oil and gasoline to produce. I. The refining process requires the production of at least two gallons of gasoline for each gallon of fuel oil. To meet the anticipated demands of winter, at least three million gallons of fuel oil a day will need to be produced. The demand for gasoline, on the other hand, is not more than 6.4 million gallons a day.

II.

III.

Objective: If gasoline is selling for $1.90 per gallon and fuel oil sells for $1.50/gal, how much of each should be produced in order to maximize revenue? A. Identify the variables. x = gallons of gasoline y = gallons of fuel oil B. Write three constraints that come from I,II, and III above. x 2y y3 x 6.4 C. Graph your inequalities on the coordinate plane at right. (In millions; that is, 2 represents 2 million) D. Write an objective function. P = 1.90x + 1.50y

E. How much of each should be produced in order to maximize revenue? Vertices: (6.4,3) (6.4,3.2) 1.90(6.4) + 1.50(3.2) = 16.96 (6,3) 6.4 gallons of gasoline, 3.2 gallons of fuel oil
25

54. A gold processor is trying to keep his plant running and extract as much gold as possible. He has two sources of gold ore, source A and source B. I. II. At least three tons of gold ore must be processed each day. Ore from source A costs $20 per ton to process and ore from source B costs $10 per ton to process. Costs must be kept under $80 per day. The amount of ore from source B cannot exceed twice the amount of ore from source A.

III.

Objective: Source A yields 2 oz of gold per ton, source B yields 3 oz of gold per ton. How many tons of ore from both sources must be processed each day to maximize the amount of gold extracted?

A. Identify the variables. x = tons from source A y = tons from source B B. Write three constraints that come from I,II, and III above. x+y3 20x + 10y 80 y 2x

C. Graph your inequalities on the coordinate plane at right. D. Write an objective function. P = 2x + 3y E. How many tons of ore from both sources must be processed each day to maximize the amount of gold extracted? (1,2) (2,4) (4,0) (3,0) 2 tons from source A and 4 tons from source B
26

2(2) + 3(4) = 16

55. Mary works at a very popular fresh-squeezed lemonade stand on Myrtle Beach that sells regular lemonade and strawberry lemonade. To make a 20 oz. regular lemonade it takes 4 whole lemons. To make a 20 oz. strawberry lemonade it takes 3 whole lemons and 2 average sized strawberries. I. II. III. IV. The owners figured they have a budget so that each morning a truck delivers 900 lemons to the stand. That same truck brings 408 strawberries to the stand. The owners want Mary to sell at least twice the amount of strawberry lemonade each day as regular lemonade because more profit is made on the strawberry lemonade. They have also asked that at least 50 strawberry lemonades get sold each day because the strawberries spoil more quickly than the lemons.

Objective: On each 20 oz. glass of regular lemonade a profit of $.95 is made. The stand is able to charge more for strawberry lemonades and a profit of $1.10 is made on each 20 oz. glass of that. How many regular lemonades and how many strawberry lemonades should Mary sell each day to maximize profit? A. Identify the variables. x = glasses of regular lemonade y = glasses of strawberry lemonade B. Write four constraints that come from I,II, III, and IV above. 4x + 3y 900 2y 408 y 2x y 50 C. Graph your inequalities on the coordinate plane at right. D. Write an objective function. P = 0.95x + 1.10y

E. How many regular lemonades and how many strawberry lemonades should Mary sell each day to maximize profit? (72,204) 0.95(72) + 1.1(204) = 292.8 72 glasses of regular lemonade, 204 glasses of strawberry lemonade
27

Finish #32-36.

28