Virtual Lab: The Cell Cycle and Cancer 1.

Open the virtual lab: The Cell Cycle and Cancer 2. Click on the Laboratory Exercise link. 3. Click on the microscope in the lab simulation to examine the di erent sta!es o mitosis as they appear in di erent tissue samples. Three types o tissue are available or examination: lun!" stomach" and ovary. #amples o normal tissue and cancerous tissue are included. Click on the tissue box to examine di erent tissues. Examine both normal and cancerous tissue or lun! and ovary tissue type only. $ollo% the instructions to label each sta!e o the cell cycle. &. 'ecord the number o cells in each sta!e o the cell cycle in Table 1 or normal tissues and Table 2 or cancerous tissues. (ou must examine three di erent vie%s o each tissue type and condition ) click reset to view alternate samples o each tissue type until you have recorded the number o cells in each sta!e o the cell cycle or 3 di erent samples o each tissue. *. Calculate the avera!e +itotic ,ndex -. cells dividin!/ and avera!e . cells at rest or normal tissues. 'ecord these numbers in Table 3 and & on your %orksheet. To calculate the avera!e . cells at rest in normal tissue: 1. -0 cells in ,nterphase in #ample 1 1 0 cells in ,nterphase in sample 2/ 2 total 0 cells at rest. 2. -total 0 cells at rest3total 0cells in both samples/ 4 155 2 avera!e . cells at rest To calculate the +itotic ,ndex 6 avera!e . cells dividin! 6 in normal tissue: 1. -0cells in mitosis in #ample 1 1 0cells in mitosis in #ample 2/32 2 av!. 0cells dividin! 2. -av!. 0 cells dividin!3total 0 cells/ 4 155 2 avera!e . cells dividin! Table 1: Number of cells in each stage of the cell cycle observed in normal tissues.

Tissue Type Lun! Tissue #ample 1 Lun! Tissue #ample 2 Ovary Tissue #ample 1 Ovary Tissue #ample 2

Cells in Cells in Cells in Cells in Cells in !nterphase "rophase #etaphase $naphase Telophase 17 1 5 5 5 17 18 17 1 5 1 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 5 5

Table %: Number of cells in each stage of the cell cycle observed in cancerous tissues.

Tissue Type #tomach Tissue #ample 1 #tomach Tissue #ample 2 Ovary Tissue #ample 1 Ovary Tissue #ample 2

Cells in Cells in Cells in Cells in Cells in !nterphase "rophase #etaphase $naphase Telophase 1& 2 1 1 2 13 12 15 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 1 3 2

Table 3: #itotic !nde& 'average ( cells dividing) and $vg. ( of cells at rest

Tissue Type #tomach 6 normal Ovary 6 normal

$vg. ( cells at rest '1*+%,)-'1*+%,)+% .1,, / *0( '12+%,)-'1*+%,)+% &1,, / *%.0(

#itotic !nde& / 1,,1*0 / 0( / 1,,1*%.0 / 3.0(

Table 4: #itotic !nde& 'average ( cells dividing) and $vg. ( of cells at rest

$vg. ( cells at rest #tomach 6 cancerous '14+%,)-'13+%,)+% .1,, / 53.0( Ovary 6 cancerous '1%+%,) - '1,+%,)+% & 1,, / 00 (
$nalysis 7uestions

Tissue Type

#itotic !nde& / 1,, 6 53.0 / 3%.0( '2+%,) - '1,+%,)+% & 1,, / 40(

1.

9hat does your data indicate about the rate o cell division in cancerous tissue compared to the rate o cell division in normal tissue: 9hat data did you use to ans%er this ;uestion: Cancer cells divide more rapidly and spend more time in mitosis. ! used the mitotic inde& to come to this conclusion.

2.

9ith %hat you have observed in this lab" i you %ere to compare tissue sample rom normal breast tissue and cancerous breast tissue: a. 9ould you expect to see a di erence in the rate o cell division in the cancerous breast tissue compared to the normal breast tissue: Explain your ans%er.

! 8ould e&pect that cancerous breast tissue has a higher rate of cell division than normal breast tissue because cancer cells have a higher mitotic inde&. b. Could you make a prediction about the avera!e . dividin! cells in the cancerous breast tissue: Explain your ans%er.

9ifficult to be e&act but probably higher than 1,( mitotic inde& since mitotic inde& of normal cells seems to be bet8een 013.0(.