Page numbers and references must be checked in the definitive version. Several Articles must be renumbered.

The referencing in the glossary must be checked. There are a few additions to the Glossary. Yellow refers to changes to the current Laws that have been agreed. If not underlined, this means they have already been agreed prior to Tromso and thus agreed by the RTRC. Radical changes are in bold and underlined and have not yet been agreed by the RTRC.
FIDE A!S "F #$ESS #ontents% R!"#C! %#&IC R'L!& (" L#Y #rticle )* #rticle ,* #rticle $* #rticle -* #rticle /* The nature and ob+ectives of the game of chess The initial position of the pieces on the chessboard The moves of the pieces The act of moving the pieces The completion of the game C(1 !TITI(2 R'L!& #rticle 3* #rticle 6* #rticle .* #rticle 0* #rticle )5* #rticle )5* #rticle ))* #rticle ),* #rticle )$* A&&endices% The chesscloc4 Irregularities The recording of the moves The drawn game 7uic4play finish oints The conduct of the players The role of the arbiter 8see reface9 "I:! page )5 page )) page ), page )$ page )page )/ page )/ page )3 page )3 page $ page $ page $ page $ page page . page 0

#. %. C. :. :. !

Rapidplay %lit; #lgebraic notation 7uic4play finishes where no arbiter is present in the venue Rules for play with blind and visually disabled players Guidelines in case a game needs to be ad+ourned 'uick&lay finish #hess()* rules Glossary of terms in the Laws of Chess

page )6 page ). page )0 page ,) page ,, page ,page ,/

page ,3

"I:! Laws of Chess cover over<the<board play. The Laws of Chess have two parts* ). %asic Rules of lay and ,. Competition Rules. The !nglish te=t is the authentic version of the Laws of Chess 8which was adopted at the .-th "I:! Congress at Tallinn, !stonia (ctober ,5)$, coming into force on ) >uly ,5)-. In these Laws the words ?he@, ?him@, and ?his@ shall be considered to include ?she@ and ?her@. PREFA#E The Laws of Chess cannot cover all possible situations that may arise during a game, nor can they regulate all administrative Auestions. Bhere cases are not precisely regulated by an #rticle of the Laws, it should be possible to reach a correct decision by studying analogous situations which are discussed in the Laws. The Laws assume that arbiters have the necessary competence, sound +udgement and absolute ob+ectivity. Too detailed a rule might deprive the arbiter of his freedom of +udgement and thus prevent him from finding a solution to a problem dictated by fairness, logic and special factors. "I:! appeals to all chess players and federations to accept this view. "or a competition to be "I:! Rated it shall be played according to the "I:! Laws of Chess. It is recommended that even non<"I:! Rated competitive games be played according to the "I:! Laws of Chess. # member federation is free to introduce more detailed rules provided they* a. do not conflict in any way with the official "I:! Laws of Chess, and b. are limited to the territory of the federation concerned, and c. are not valid for any "I:! match, championship or Aualifying event, or for a "I:! title or rating tournament. +ASI# R, ES "F P AArticle .% The nature and ob/ectives of the game of chess

).)

The game of chess is played between two opponents who move their pieces on a sAuare board called a ?chessboard@. The player with the light coloured pieces 8Bhite9 ma4es the first move, then the players move alternately, with the player with the dar4<coloured pieces 8%lac49 ma4ing the ne=t move. # player is said to ?have the move@, when his opponent@s move has been ?made@. The ob+ective of each player is to place the opponent@s 4ing ?under attac4@ in such a way that the opponent has no legal move. The player who achieves this goal is said to have ?chec4mated@ the opponent@s 4ing and to have won the game. Leaving one@s own 4ing under attac4, e=posing one@s own 4ing to attac4 and also @capturing@ the opponent@s 4ing are not allowed. The opponent whose 4ing has been chec4mated has lost the game. If the position is such that neither player can possibly chec4mate the opponent@s 4ing, the game is drawn 8see #rticle /., b9.

).,

).$

Article 0% The initial &osition of the &ieces on the chessboard ,.) The chessboard is composed of an . = . grid of 3- eAual sAuares alternately light 8the ?white@ sAuares9 and dar4 8the ?blac4@ sAuares9. The chessboard is placed between the players in such a way that the near corner sAuare to the right of the player is white. #t the beginning of the game Bhite has )3 light<coloured pieces 8the ?white@ pieces9C %lac4 has )3 dar4<coloured pieces 8the ?blac4@ pieces9.

,.,

These pieces are as follows* # white 4ing # white Aueen Two white roo4s Two white bishops Two white 4nights !ight white pawns # blac4 4ing # blac4 Aueen Two blac4 roo4s Two blac4 bishops Two blac4 4nights !ight blac4 pawns usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol usually indicated by the symbol &taunton ieces D 7 R % 2 8 9 D 7 R % 2 8 9

7 D

,.$

The initial position of the pieces on the chessboard is as follows*

,.-

The eight vertical columns of sAuares are called ?files@. The eight hori;ontal rows of sAuares are called ?ran4s@. # straight line of sAuares of the same colour, running from one edge of the board to an ad+acent edge, is called a ?diagonal@.

Article 1% The moves of the &ieces $.) It is not permitted to move a piece to a sAuare occupied by a piece of the same colour. If a piece moves to a sAuare occupied by an opponent@s piece the latter is captured and removed from the chessboard as part of the same move. # piece is said to attac4 an opponent@s piece if the piece could ma4e a capture on that sAuare according to #rticles $., to $... # piece is considered to attac4 a sAuare, even if this piece is constrained from moving to that sAuare because it would then leave or place the 4ing of its own colour under attac4. The bishop may move to any sAuare along a diagonal on which it stands.

$.,

$.$

The roo4 may move to any sAuare along the file or the ran4 on which it stands.

$.-

The Aueen may move to any sAuare along the file, the ran4 or a diagonal on which it stands.

$./ $.3

Bhen ma4ing these moves, the bishop, roo4 or Aueen may not move over any intervening pieces. The 4night may move to one of the sAuares nearest to that on which it stands but not on the same ran4, file or diagonal.

$.6

The pawn may move forward to the sAuare immediately in front of it on the same file, provided that this sAuare is unoccupied, or b. on its first move the pawn may move as in $.6.a or alternatively it may advance two sAuares along the same file provided, that both sAuares are unoccupied, or c. the pawn may move to a sAuare occupied by an opponent@s piece diagonally in front of it on an ad+acent file, capturing that piece.

a.

d.

# pawn occupying a sAuare on the same ran4 as and on an ad+acent file to an opponent@s pawn which has advanced two sAuares in one move from its original sAuare may capture this opponent@s pawn as though the latter had been moved only one sAuare. This capture is only legal on the move following this advance and is called an ?en passant@ capture.

e.

When a player, having the move, intends to play a pawn to the rank furthest from its starting position, he must exchange that pawn as part of the same move for a new queen, rook, bishop or knight of the same colour on the intended square of arrival. The player's choice is not restricted to pieces that have been captured previously. This exchange of a pawn for another piece is called 'promotion', and the effect of the new piece is immediate.

$..

There are two different ways of moving the 4ing* a. by moving to an ad+oining sAuare

b.

by ?castling@. This is a move of the 4ing and either roo4 of the same colour along the player@s first ran4, counting as a single move of the 4ing and e=ecuted as follows* the 4ing is transferred from its original sAuare two sAuares towards the roo4 on its original sAuare, then that roo4 is transferred to the sAuare the 4ing has +ust crossed.

%efore white 4ingside castling %efore blac4 Aueenside castling

#fter white 4ingside castling #fter blac4 Aueenside castling

%efore white Aueenside castling %efore blac4 4ingside castling 8)9 The right to castle has been lost* EaF if the 4ing has already moved, or EbF with a roo4 that has already moved.

#fter white Aueenside castling #fter blac4 4ingside castling

8,9

Castling is prevented temporarily* EaF if the sAuare on which the 4ing stands, or the sAuare which it must cross, or the sAuare which it is to occupy, is attac4ed by one or more of the opponentGs pieces, or EbF if there is any piece between the 4ing and the roo4 with which castling is to be effected.

$.0

The 4ing is said to be Gin chec4G if it is attac4ed by one or more of the opponentGs pieces, even if such pieces are constrained from moving to the sAuare occupied by the 4ing because they would then leave or place their own 4ing in chec4. 2o piece can be moved that will either e=pose the 4ing of the same colour to chec4 or leave that 4ing in chec4. a. b. c. # move is legal when all the relevant reAuirements of #rticles $.) H $.0 have been fulfilled. # move is illegal when it fails to meet the relevant reAuirements of #rticles $.) $.0. # position is illegal when it cannot been reached by any series of legal moves.

$.)5

Article 2% The act of moving the &ieces -.) -., -.$ !ach move must be made with one hand only. rovided that he first e=presses his intention 8for e=ample by saying I+@adoubeJ or II ad+ustJ9, only the player having the move, may ad+ust one or more pieces on their sAuares. !=cept as provided in #rticle -.,, if the player having the move touches on the chessboard, with the intention of moving or capturing* a. one or more of his own pieces, he must move the first piece touched that can be moved b. one or more of his opponent@s pieces, he must capture the first piece touched that can be captured c. one piece of each colour, he must capture the opponent@s piece with his piece or, if this is illegal, move or capture the first piece touched that can be moved or captured. If it is unclear whether the player@s own piece or his opponent@s was touched first, the player@s own piece shall be considered to have been touched before his opponent@s.

-.-

If a player having the move* a. touches his 4ing and roo4 he must castle on that side if it is legal to do so b. deliberately touches a roo4 and then his 4ing he is not allowed to castle on that side on that move and the situation shall be governed by #rticle -.$.a c. intending to castle, touches the 4ing and a roo4 at the same time, but castling with this roo4 is illegal, the player must ma4e another legal move with his 4ing 8which may include castling with the other roo49. If the 4ing has no legal move, the player is free to ma4e any legal move. d. promotes a pawn, the choice of the piece is finalised when the piece has touched the sAuare of promotion. -./ If none of the pieces touched in accordance with #rticle -.$ or #rticle -.- can be moved or captured, the player may ma4e any legal move. -.3 The act of promotion may be performed in various ways: 1. the pawn does not have to be placed on the square of arrival, 2. removing the pawn and putting the new piece on the square of arrival may occur in any order. f an opponent!s piece stands on the square of arrival, it must be captured. Bhen, as a legal move or part of a legal move, a piece has been released on a sAuare, it cannot be moved to another sAuare on this move. The move is considered to have been made in the case of* a. a capture, when the captured piece has been removed from the chessboard and the player, having placed his own piece on its new sAuare, has released this capturing piece from his hand. b. castling, when the playerGs hand has released the roo4 on the sAuare previously crossed by the 4ing. Bhen the player has released the 4ing from his hand, the move is not yet made, but the player no longer has the right to ma4e any move other than castling on that side, if this is legal. If castling on this side is illegal, the player must ma4e another legal move with his 4ing 8which may include castling with the other roo49. If the 4ing has no legal move, the player is free to ma4e any legal move. c. promotion, when the playerGs hand has released the new piece on the sAuare of promotion.

-.6

-..

# player forfeits his right to claim against his opponent@s violation of #rticles -.) H -.6 once the player touches a piece with the intention of moving or capturing it.

Article 3% The com&letion of the game /.) a. b. /., a. The game is won by the player who has chec4mated his opponent@s 4ing. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the chec4mate position was in accordance with #rticle $ and #rticles -., H -.6. The game is won by the player whose opponent declares he resigns. This immediately ends the game. The game is drawn when the player to move has no legal move and his 4ing is not in chec4. The game is said to end in ?stalemate@. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the stalemate position was in accordance with #rticles $ and #rticles -., H -.6. The game is drawn when a position has arisen in which neither player can chec4mate the opponent@s 4ing with any series of legal moves. The game is said to end in a ?dead position@. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the position was in accordance with #rticles $ and #rticles -., H -.6. The game is drawn upon agreement between the two players during the game. This immediately ends the game. The game may be drawn if any identical position is about to appear or has appeared on the chessboard at least three times 8see #rticle 0.,9. The game is a dra4 if an identical &osition has a&&eared on the chessboard ten consecutive times 5see Article (.)a6. The game may be drawn if each player has made at least the last /5 consecutive moves without the movement of any pawn and without any capture 8see #rticle 0.$9. The game is a dra4 if each &layer has made 73 consecutive moves 4ithout the movement of any &a4n and 4ithout any ca&ture 5see Article (.)b6.

b.

c. d. e. f. g.

#"8PETITI"9 R, ES Article )% The chessclock 3.) ?Chesscloc4@ means a cloc4 with two time displays, connected to each other in such a way that only one of them can run at one time. ?Cloc4@ in the Laws of Chess means one of the two time displays. !ach time display has a ?flag@. ?"lag<fall@ means the e=piration of the allotted time for a player. a. :uring the game each player, having made his move on the chessboard, shall stop his own cloc4 and start his opponent@s cloc4 8that is to say, he shall press his cloc49. # player must be allowed to stop his cloc4 after ma4ing his move, even after the opponent has made his ne=t move. The player@s move is not considered to have been completed until he has done so, unless the move that was made ends the game. 8see #rticles /.).a, /.,.a, /.,.b and /.,.c9. The time between ma4ing the move on the chessboard and pressing the cloc4 is regarded as part of the time allotted to the player. # player must press his cloc4 with the same hand as that with which he made his move. It is forbidden for a player to 4eep his finger on the cloc4 or to ?hover@ over it.

3.,

b.

c. d. e.

The players must handle the chesscloc4 properly. It is forbidden to punch it forcibly, to pic4 it up, to press the cloc4 before moving or to 4noc4 it over. Improper cloc4 handling shall be penalised in accordance with #rticle ),.)5. (nly the player whose cloc4 is running is allowed to ad+ust the pieces. If a player is unable to use the cloc4, an assistant, who must be acceptable to the arbiter, may be provided by the player to perform this operation. Kis cloc4 shall be ad+usted by the arbiter in an eAuitable way. #d+ustment of the cloc4 shall not apply to the cloc4 of a player with a disability. Bhen using a chesscloc4, each player must complete a minimum number of moves or all moves in an allotted period of time andLor may be allocated an additional amount of time with each move. #ll these must be specified in advance. The time saved by a player during one period is added to his time available for the ne=t period, where applicable, e=cept in the ?time delay@ mode. In the time<delay mode both players receive an allotted ?main thin4ing time@. !ach player also receives a ?fi=ed e=tra time@ with every move. The countdown of the main thin4ing time only commences after the fi=ed e=tra time has e=pired. rovided the player presses his cloc4 before the e=piration of the fi=ed e=tra time, the main thin4ing time does not change, irrespective of the proportion of the fi=ed e=tra time used.

3.$

a. b.

3.3./ 3.3 3.6

Immediately after a flag falls, the reAuirements of #rticle 3.$ a. must be chec4ed. %efore the start of the game the arbiter decides where the chesscloc4 is placed. #t the time determined for the start of the game Bhite@s cloc4 is started. a. b. The rules of a competition shall specify in advance a default time. #ny player who arrives at the chessboard after the default time shall lose the game unless the arbiter decides otherwise. If the rules of a competition specify that the default time is not ;ero and if neither player is present initially, Bhite shall lose all the time that elapses until he arrives, unless the rules of the competition specify or the arbiter decides otherwise.

3.. 3.0

# flag is considered to have fallen when the arbiter observes the fact or when either player has made a valid claim to that effect. !=cept where one of #rticles* /.).a, /.).b, /.,.a, /.,.b, /.,.c, 3.0e and 3.0g applies, if a player does not complete the prescribed number of moves in the allotted time, the game is lost by that player. Kowever, the game is drawn if the position is such that the opponent cannot chec4mate the player@s 4ing by any possible series of legal moves. a. !very indication given by the chesscloc4 is considered to be conclusive in the absence of any evident defect. # chesscloc4 with an evident defect shall be replaced by the arbiter, who shall use his best +udgement when determining the times to be shown on the replacement chesscloc4. If during a game it is found that the setting of either or both cloc4s is incorrect, either player or the arbiter shall stop the chesscloc4 immediately. The arbiter shall install the correct setting and ad+ust the times and move<counter, if necessary. Ke shall use his best +udgement when determining the cloc4 settings.

3.)5

b.

3.)) 10

If both flags have fallen and it is impossible to establish which flag fell first then*

a. b. 3.), a. b. c. d.

the game shall continue if this occurs in any period of the game e=cept the last period the game is drawn if this occurs in the period of a game in which all remaining moves must be completed. If the game needs to be interrupted, the arbiter shall stop the chesscloc4. # player may stop the chesscloc4 only in order to see4 the arbiter@s assistance, for e=ample when promotion has ta4en place and the piece reAuired is not available. The arbiter shall decide when the game is to be restarted in all cases. If a player stops the chesscloc4 in order to see4 the arbiter@s assistance, the arbiter shall determine if the player had any valid reason for doing so. If the player had no valid reason for stopping the chesscloc4, the player shall be penalised in accordance with #rticle ),.)5.

3.)$

&creens, monitors, or demonstration boards showing the current position on the chessboard, the moves and the number of moves madeLcompleted, and cloc4s which also show the number of moves, are allowed in the playing hall. Kowever, the player may not ma4e a claim relying only on information shown in this manner.

Article 7% Irregularities 6.) If an irregularity occurs and the pieces have to be restored to a previous position, the arbiter shall use his best +udgement to determine the times to be shown on the chesscloc4. This includes the right not to change the cloc4 times. Ke shall also, if necessary, ad+ust the cloc4@s move<counter. a. b. If during a game it is found that the initial position of the pieces was incorrect, the game shall be cancelled and a new game played. If during a game it is found that the chessboard has been placed contrary to #rticle ,.), the game shall continue but the position reached must be transferred to a correctly placed chessboard.

6.,

6.$ 6.-

If a game has begun with colours reversed then it shall continue, unless the arbiter rules otherwise. If a player displaces one or more pieces, he shall re<establish the correct position in his own time. If necessary, either the player or his opponent shall stop the chesscloc4 and as4 for the arbiter@s assistance. The arbiter may penalise the player who displaced the pieces. a. If during a game it is found that an illegal move has been completed, the position immediately before the irregularity shall be reinstated. If the position immediately before the irregularity cannot be determined, the game shall continue from the last identifiable position prior to the irregularity #rticles -.$ and -.6 apply to the move replacing the illegal move. The game shall then continue from this reinstated position. If the player has moved a pawn to the furthest distant ran4, pressed the cloc4, but not replaced the pawn with a new piece, the move is illegal. The &a4n shall be re&laced by a :ueen of the same colour as the &a4n. #fter the action ta4en under #rticle 6./.a, for the first completed illegal moves by a player the arbiter shall give two minutes e=tra time to his opponentC for the second completed illegal move by the same player, the arbiter shall declare the game lost by this player. Kowever, the game is drawn if the position is such that the opponent cannot chec4mate the player@s 4ing by any possible series of legal moves.

6./

b.

11

6.3

If during a game it is found that pieces have been displaced from their sAuares, the position before the irregularity shall be reinstated. If the position immediately before the irregularity cannot be determined, the game shall continue from the last identifiable position prior to the irregularity. The game shall then continue from this reinstated position.

Article ;% The recording of the moves ..) a. In the course of play each player is reAuired to record his own moves and those of his opponent in the correct manner, move after move, as clearly and legibly as possible, in the algebraic notation 8#ppendi= !9, on the ?scoresheet@ prescribed for the competition. It is forbidden to write the moves in advance, unless the player is claiming a draw according to #rticle 0.,, or 0.$ or ad+ourning a game according to #ppendi= G.) a. The scoresheet shall be used only for recording the moves, the times of the cloc4s, the offers of a draw, and matters relating to a claim and other relevant data. # player may reply to his opponent@s move before recording it, if he so wishes. Ke must record his previous move before ma4ing another. %oth players must record the offer of a draw on the scoresheet 8see #ppendi= C.),9. If a player is unable to 4eep score, an assistant, who must be acceptable to the arbiter, may be provided by the player to write the moves. Kis cloc4 shall be ad+usted by the arbiter in an eAuitable way. This ad+ustment of the cloc4 shall not apply to a player with a disability.

b. c. d. e.

.., ..$ ..-

The scoresheet shall be visible to the arbiter throughout the game. The scoresheets are the property of the organiser of the competition. If a player has less than five minutes left on his cloc4 at some stage in a period and does not have additional time of $5 seconds or more added with each move, then for the remainder of the period he is not obliged to meet the reAuirements of #rticle ..). Immediately after a flag has fallen, the player must update his scoresheet completely before moving a piece on the chessboard. a. If neither player 4eeps score under #rticle ..-, the arbiter or an assistant should try to be present and 4eep score. In this case, immediately after a flag has fallen, the arbiter shall stop the chesscloc4. Then both players shall update their scoresheets, using the arbiter@s or the opponent@s scoresheet. If only one player has not 4ept score under #rticle ..-, he must, as soon as either flag has fallen, update his scoresheet completely before moving a piece on the chessboard. rovided it is that player@s move, he may use his opponent@s scoresheet, but must return it before ma4ing a move. If no complete scoresheet is available, the players must reconstruct the game on a second chessboard under the control of the arbiter or an assistant. Ke shall first record the actual game position, cloc4 times, whose cloc4 was running and the number of moves madeLcompleted, if this information is available, before reconstruction ta4es place.

../

b.

c.

..3

If the scoresheets cannot be brought up to date showing that a player has overstepped the allotted time, the ne=t move made shall be considered as the first of the following time period, unless there is evidence that more moves have been madeLcompleted.

12

..6

#t the conclusion of the game both players shall sign both scoresheets, indicating the result of the game. !ven if incorrect, this result shall stand, unless the arbiter decides otherwise.

Article (% The dra4n game 0.) a. b. The rules of a competition may specify that players cannot agree to a draw, whether in less than a specified number of moves or at all, without the consent of the arbiter. Kowever, if the rules of a competition allow a draw agreement the following shall apply* 8)9 # player wishing to offer a draw shall do so after having made a move on the chessboard and before pressing his cloc4. #n offer at any other time during play is still valid but #rticle ))./ must be considered. 2o conditions can be attached to the offer. In both cases the offer cannot be withdrawn and remains valid until the opponent accepts it, re+ects it orally, re+ects it by touching a piece with the intention of moving or capturing it, or until the game is concluded in some other way. 8,9 The offer of a draw shall be noted by each player on his scoresheet with a symbol 8see #ppendi= C.),9. 8$9 # claim of a draw under #rticle 0., or 0.$ shall be considered to be an offer of a draw.

0.,

The game is drawn, upon a correct claim by a player having the move, when the same position for at least the third time 8not necessarily by a repetition of moves9* a. is about to appear, if he first writes his move, which cannot be changed, on his scoresheet and declares to the arbiter his intention to ma4e this move, or b. has +ust appeared, and the player claiming the draw has the move. ositions are considered the same only if the same player has the move, pieces of the same 4ind and colour occupy the same sAuares and the possible moves of all the pieces of both players are the same. Thus positions are not the same if* a. at the start of the seAuence a pawn could have been captured en passant. b. a 4ing or roo4 had castling rights, but forfeited these after moving. The castling rights are lost only after the 4ing or roo4 is moved. The game is drawn, upon a correct claim by a player having the move, if* a. he writes his move, which cannot be changed, on his scoresheet and declares to the arbiter his intention to ma4e this move which will result in the last /5 moves having been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without any capture, or b. the last /5 consecutive moves have been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without any capture. If the player touches a piece as in #rticle -.$, then he loses the right to claim a draw under #rticle 0., or 0.$ at that point. If a player claims a draw under #rticle 0., or 0.$ he, or the arbiter, shall stop the chesscloc4 8see #rticle 3.), b9. Ke is not allowed to withdraw his claim. a. If the claim is found to be correct, the game is immediately drawn. b. If the claim is found to be incorrect, the arbiter shall add two minutes to the opponent@s remaining thin4ing time. Then the game shall continue. If the claim was based on an intended move, this move must be made in accordance with #rticles $ and -.

0.$

0.0./

13

0.3

a. b.

The game is dra4n if the same &osition has a&&eared< as in (.0< for the tenth consecutive time. The game is dra4n if 73 moves< as in (.1< have been com&leted.

0.6

The game is drawn when a position is reached from which a chec4mate cannot occur by any possible series of legal moves. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing this position was in accordance with #rticle $ and #rticles -., < -.6.

Article .*% 'uick&lay Finish has been moved to the end Article .*% Points )5.) 'nless the rules of a competition specify otherwise, a player who wins his game, or wins by forfeit, scores one point 8)9, a player who loses his game, or forfeits scores no points 859 and a player who draws his game scores a half point 8M9.

Article ..% The conduct of the &layers )).) ))., The players shall ta4e no action that will bring the game of chess into disrepute. The ?playing venue@ is defined as the ?playing area@, rest rooms, toilets, refreshment area, area set aside for smo4ing and other places as designated by the arbiter. The playing area is defined as the place where the games of a competition are played. (nly with the permission of the arbiter can a. players leave the playing venue. b. the player having the move be allowed to leave the playing area. c. people, who are neither players nor arbiters be allowed access to the playing area. a. b. :uring play the players are forbidden to ma4e use of any notes, sources of information or advice, or analyse the game on another chessboard. # player is forbidden to have a mobile phone andLor other electronic means of communication in the playing venue, unless permitted by the arbiter and the device is completely switched off. If it is evident that such a device is not completely switched off, the player shall lose the game. The opponent shall win. Kowever see #rticle 3.08i9 for the opponent@s result. The rules of a competition may specify a different, less severe, penalty. A &layer is forbidden to have a mobile &hone and=or other electronic means of communication in the &laying venue. If it is evident that a &layer brought such a device into the &laying venue< he shall lose the game. The o&&onent shall 4in. The rules of a com&etition may s&ecify a different< less severe< &enalty. The arbiter may re:uire the &layer to allo4 his clothes< bags or other items to be ins&ected< as in air&ort screening in &rivate. The arbiter or a &erson authorised by the arbiter< shall ins&ect the &layer and shall be of the same gender as the &layer. If a &layer refuses to coo&erate 4ith these obligations< the arbiter shall take measures in accordance 4ith Article .0..*. &mo4ing is permitted only in the section of the venue designated by the arbiter.

)).$

b.

c. )).-

layers who have finished their games shall be considered to be spectators.

14

))./

It is forbidden to distract or annoy the opponent in any manner whatsoever. This includes unreasonable claims, unreasonable offers of a draw or the introduction of a source of noise into the playing area. # player shall have the right to reAuest from the arbiter an e=planation of particular points in the Laws of Chess. Infraction of any part of #rticles )).) to ))./ shall lead to penalties in accordance with #rticle ),.)5. ersistent refusal by a player to comply with the Laws of Chess shall be penalised by loss of the game. The arbiter shall decide the score of the opponent. If both players are found guilty according to #rticle )).., the game shall be declared lost by both players.

)).3 )).6 )).. )).0

)).)5 'nless the rules of the competition specify otherwise, a player may appeal against any decision of the arbiter, even if he has signed the scoresheet 8see #rticle ..69. Article .0% The role of the Arbiter 5see Preface6 ),.) ),., ),.$ The arbiter shall ta4e no action that will bring the game of chess into disrepute. The arbiter shall see that the Laws of Chess are strictly observed. The arbiter shall act in the best interest of the competition. Ke should ensure that a good playing environment is maintained and that the players are not disturbed. Ke shall supervise the progress of the competition. The arbiter shall ta4e special measures in the interests of disabled players and those who need medical attention. The arbiter shall observe the games, especially when the players are short of time, enforce decisions he has made and impose penalties on players where appropriate. The arbiter may appoint assistants to observe games, for e=ample when several players are short of time. The arbiter may award either or both players additional time in the event of e=ternal disturbance of the game. The arbiter must not intervene in a game e=cept in cases described by the Laws of Chess. Ke shall not indicate the number of moves made, e=cept in applying #rticle ../ when at least one flag has fallen. The arbiter shall refrain from informing a player that his opponent has completed a move or that the player has not pressed his cloc4. If someone observes an irregularity, he may inform only the arbiter. layers in other games are not to spea4 about or otherwise interfere in a game. &pectators are not allowed to interfere in a game. The arbiter may e=pel offenders from the playing venue. S&ectators may only s&eak about a game outside the &laying venue.

),.),./ ),.3 ),.6

),..

15

),.0

'nless authorised by the arbiter, it is forbidden for anybody to use a mobile phone or any 4ind of communication device in the playing venue or any contiguous area designated by the arbiter.

),.)5 (ptions available to the arbiter concerning penalties* a. warning b. increasing the remaining time of the opponent c. reducing the remaining time of the offending player d. declaring the game to be lost by the offending player 8the arbiter shall also decide the opponent@s score9 e. increasing the points scored in the game by the opponent to the ma=imum available for that game f. reducing the points scored in the game by the offending person g. a fine announced in advance h. e=pulsion from the competition. Article .1% FIDE )$.) 1ember federations may as4 "I:! to give a ruling on matters relating to the Laws of Chess.

16

APPE9DI#ES A&&endi> A Ra&id&lay #.) # ?Rapidplay@ game is one where either all the moves must be completed in a fi=ed time of more than )5 minutes but less than 35 minutes for each playerC or the time allotted N 35 times any increment is of more than )5 minutes, but less than 35 minutes for each player. layers do not need to record the moves. Bhere one arbiter supervises at most three games the Competition Rules shall apply. The #om&etition Rules shall a&&ly if a. one arbiter supervises at most three games, b. each game is recorded by the arbiter or his assistant and=or electronic means. Bhere one arbiter supervises more than three games the Competition Rules shall apply, e=cept where they are overridden by the following* a. (nce each player, from the initial position, has completed three moves no claim can be made regarding incorrect set<up, orientation of the chessboard or cloc4 setting. In case of incorrect 4ing placement, castling is not allowed. In case of incorrect roo4 placement, castling with this roo4 is not allowed. b. The arbiter shall ma4e a ruling according to #rticle - 8The act of moving the pieces9, only if reAuested to do so by one or both players. b. #n illegal move is completed once the player has pressed his cloc4. %efore he has made his move, the opponent is entitled to claim that the player completed an illegal move. (nly after such a claim shall the arbiter ma4e a ruling. Kowever, if there is an illegal position the arbiter shall intervene if he observes the fact. d. ). # flag is considered to have fallen when a player has made a valid claim to that effect. The arbiter shall refrain from signalling a flag<fall, but he shall do so if both flags have fallen, in which case he shall declare the game drawn. ,. To claim a win on time, the claimant must stop the chesscloc4 and notify the arbiter. "or the claim to be successful, the claimant must have time remaining on his own cloc4 after the chesscloc4 has been stopped. Kowever, the game is drawn if the position is such that the opponent cannot chec4mate the player@s 4ing by any possible series of legal moves. "ther4ise the follo4ing a&&ly% a. From the initial &osition< once ten moves have been com&leted by both &layers< no change can be made to the clock setting< unless it damages the schedule of the event. b. An illegal move is com&leted once the &layer has &ressed his clock. +efore he has made his move< the o&&onent is entitled to claim that the &layer com&leted an illegal move. If the o&&onent does not claim and the arbiter does not notice the illgal move< the illegal move stands. c. $o4ever< if there is an illegal &osition< the arbiter shall intervene if he observes the fact. $e shall 4ait until the ne>t move is com&leted and< if the &osition is still illegal< declare the game dra4n. The Rules for a competition shall specify which of #rticle, #$ or #.- shall apply for the entire event..

#., #.$ A.1

#.-

A.2

#/.

17

A&&endi> +. +lit? %.) %., %.$ %.$ # ?blit;@ game@ is one where all the moves must be completed in a fi=ed time of )5 minutes or less for each playerC or the allotted time N 35 times any increment is )5 minutes or less. The penalties mentioned in #rticles 6 and 0 of the Competition Rules shall be one minute instead of two minutes. Bhere one arbiter supervises one game and the game is recorded the Competition Rules and #., shall apply. The #om&etition Rules shall a&&ly if a. one arbiter supervises one game, b. each game is recorded by the arbiter or his assistant and=or electronic means. (therwise the following shall apply* a. lay shall be governed by the Rapidplay Laws as in #ppendi= # e=cept where they are overridden by the following Laws. b. #rticle )5 and #ppendi= #.-.c does not apply. b. c. Article A.2b of A&&endi> A does not a&&ly. #n illegal move is completed once the player has pressed his cloc4. %efore he has made his move, the opponent is then entitled to claim a win. Kowever the game is drawn if the position is such that the opponent cannot chec4mate the player@s 4ing by any possible series of legal moves. (nce the opponent has made his own move, an illegal move cannot be corrected unless this is agreed by the players without intervention of the arbiter.

%.-

%./.

. The Rules for a competition shall specify which of #rticle, %$ or %.- shall apply for the entire event.

18

A&&endi> #. Algebraic notation "I:! recognises for its own tournaments and matches only one system of notation, the #lgebraic &ystem, and recommends the use of this uniform chess notation also for chess literature and periodicals. &coresheets using a notation system other than algebraic may not be used as evidence in cases where normally the scoresheet of a player is used for that purpose. #n arbiter who observes that a player is using a notation system other than the algebraic should warn the player of this reAuirement. Descri&tion of the Algebraic System C.) C., In this description, ?piece@ means a piece other than a pawn. !ach piece is indicated by an abbreviation. In the !nglish language it is the first letter, a capital letter, of its name. !=ample* DO4ing, 7OAueen, ROroo4, %Obishop, 2O4night. 82 is used for a 4night, in order to avoid ambiguity.9 "or the abbreviation of the name of the pieces, each player is free to use the abbreviation of the name which is commonly used in his country. !=amples* " O fou 8"rench for bishop9, L O loper 8:utch for bishop9. In printed periodicals, the use of figurines P is recommended. awns are not indicated by their first letter, but are recognised by the absence of such a letter. !=amples* e/, d-, a/. The eight files 8from left to right for Bhite and from right to left for %lac49 are indicated by the small letters, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, and h, respectively. The eight ran4s 8from bottom to top for Bhite and from top to bottom for %lac49 are numbered ), ,, $, -, /, 3, 6, ., respectively. ConseAuently, in the initial position the white pieces and pawns are placed on the first and second ran4sC the blac4 pieces and pawns on the eighth and seventh ran4s. #s a conseAuence of the previous rules, each of the si=ty<four sAuares is invariably indicated by a uniAue combination of a letter and a number.

C.$

C.C./ C.3

C.6

C..

!ach move of a piece is indicated by a9 the first letter of the name of the piece in Auestion and b9 the sAuare of arrival. There is no hyphen between a9 and b9. !=amples* %e/, 2f$, Rd). In the case of pawns, only the sAuare of arrival is indicated. !=amples* e/, d-, a/.

19

C.0

Bhen a piece ma4es a capture, an = may be inserted between a9 the first letter of the name of the piece in Auestion and b9 the sAuare of arrival. !=amples* %=e/, 2=f$, R=d), see also C)5. Bhen a pawn ma4es a capture, the file of departure must be indicated, then an = may be inserted, then the sAuare of arrival. !=amples* d=e/, g=f$, a=b/. In the case of an ?en passant@ capture, ?e.p.@ may be appended to the notation. !=ample* e=d3 e.p. If two identical pieces can move to the same sAuare, the piece that is moved is indicated as follows* ). If both pieces are on the same ran4* by a9 the first letter of the name of the piece, b9 the file of departure, and c9 the sAuare of arrival. ,. If both pieces are on the same file* by a9 the first letter of the name of the piece, b9 the ran4 of the sAuare of departure, and c9 the sAuare of arrival. If the pieces are on different ran4s and files< method )9 is preferred. !=amples* ). There are two 4nights, on the sAuares g) and e), and one of them moves to the sAuare f$* either 2gf$ or 2ef$, as the case may be. ,. There are two 4nights, on the sAuares g/ and g), and one of them moves to the sAuare f$* either 2/f$ or 2)f$, as the case may be. $. There are two 4nights, on the sAuares h, and d-, and one of them moves to the sAuare f$* either 2hf$ or 2df$, as the case may be. -. If a capture ta4es place on the sAuare f$, the notations of the previous e=amples are still applicable, but an = may be inserted* )9 either 2g=f$ or 2e=f$, ,9 either 2/=f$ or 2)=f$, $9 either 2h=f$ or 2d=f$, as the case may be.

C.)5

C.)) C.), C.)$

In the case of the promotion of a pawn, the actual pawn move is indicated, followed immediately by the abbreviation of the new piece. !=amples* d.7, e=f.2, b)%, g)R. The offer of a draw shall be mar4ed as 8O9. #bbreviations 5<5 O castling with roo4 h) or roo4 h. 84ingside castling9 5<5<5 O castling with roo4 a) or roo4 a. 8Aueenside castling9 = O captures N O chec4 NN or Q O chec4mate e.p. O captures ?en passant@ &ample game* ).e- e/ ,. 2f$ 2f3 $. d- e=d- -. e/ 2e- /. 7=d- d/ 3. e=d3 e.p. 2=d3 6. %g/ 2c3 .. 7e$N %e6 0. 2bd, 5<5 )5. 5<5<5 Re. )). Db) 8O9 (r* ). e- e/ ,. 2f$ 2f3 $. d- ed- -. e/ 2e- /. 7d- d/ 3. ed3 2d3 6. %g/ 2c3 .. 7e$ %e6 0 2bd, 5<5 )5. 5<5<5 Re. )). Db) 8O9

20

#ppendi= D. Rules for &lay 4ith +lind and visually disabled &layers :.) The organiser, after consulting the arbiter, shall have the power to adapt the following rules according to local circumstances. In competitive chess between sighted and visually disabled players 8legally blind9 either player may demand the use of two boards, the sighted player using a normal board, the visually handicapped player using one specially constructed. The specially constructed board must meet the following reAuirements* a. measure at least ,5 cm by ,5 cm, and b. the blac4 sAuares slightly raised, and c. a securing aperture in each sAuare, and d. every piece provided with a peg that fits into the securing aperture, and e. pieces of &taunton design, the blac4 pieces being specially mar4ed.

:., The following regulations shall govern play* ). The moves shall be announced clearly, repeated by the opponent and e=ecuted on his chessboard. Bhen promoting a pawn, the player must announce which piece is chosen. To ma4e the announcement as clear as possible, the use of the following names is suggested instead of the corresponding letters* # < #nna % < %ella C < Cesar : < :avid ! < !va " < "eli= G < Gustav K < Kector 'nless the arbiter decides otherwise* ran4s from white to blac4 shall receive the German numbers ) < eins , < ;wei $ < drei - < vier / < fuenf 3 < sechs 6 < sieben . < acht Castling is announced ILange RochadeJ 8German for long castling9 and IDur;e RochadeJ 8German for short castling9. The pieces bear the names* Doenig, :ame, Turm, Laeufer, &pringer, %auer. ,. $. (n the visually disabled playerGs board a piece shall be considered ?touched@ when it has been ta4en out of the securing aperture. # move shall be considered ?made@ when* a. in the case of a capture, the captured piece has been removed from the board of the player whose turn it is to move b. a piece is placed into a different securing aperture c. the move has been announced. (nly then shall the opponentGs cloc4 be started. #s far as points , and $ are concerned the normal rules are valid for the sighted player.

21

-.

# specially constructed chesscloc4 for the visually disabled shall be admissible. It shall incorporate the following features* a. a dial fitted with reinforced hands, with every five minutes mar4ed by one raised dot, and every )/ minutes by two raised dots, and b. a flag which can be easily feltC care should be ta4en that the flag is so arranged as to allow the player to feel the minute hand during the last / minutes of the full hour. c. optionally, a means of announcing audibly to the visually disabled player the number of moves. The visually disabled player must 4eep score of the game in %raille or longhand or record the moves on a tape recorder. # slip of the tongue in the announcement of a move must be corrected immediately and before the cloc4 of the opponent is started. If during a game different positions should arise on the two boards, they must be corrected with the assistance of the arbiter and by consulting both playersG game scores. If the two game scores correspond with each other, the player who has written the correct move but made the wrong one must ad+ust his position to correspond with the move on the game scores. Bhen the game scores are found to differ, the moves shall be retraced to the point where the two scores agree, and the arbiter shall read+ust the cloc4s accordingly. The visually disabled player shall have the right to ma4e use of an assistant who shall have any or all of the following duties* a. ma4ing either playerGs move on the board of the opponent b. announcing the moves of both players c. 4eeping the game score of the visually disabled player and starting his opponentGs cloc4 84eeping point $.c in mind9 d. informing the visually disabled player only at his reAuest of the number of moves completed and the time used up by both players e. claiming the game in cases where the time limit has been e=ceeded and informing the arbiter when the sighted player has touched one of his pieces f. carrying out the necessary formalities in case the game is ad+ourned. If the visually disabled player does not ma4e use of an assistant, the sighted player may ma4e use of one who shall carry out the duties mentioned in points ..a and ..b.

/. 3. 6.

..

0.

22

A&&endi> E Ad/ourned games !.). a. If a game is not finished at the end of the time prescribed for play, the arbiter shall reAuire the player having the move to ?seal@ that move. The player must write his move in unambiguous notation on his scoresheet, put his scoresheet and that of his opponent in an envelope, seal the envelope and only then stop the chesscloc4. 'ntil he has stopped the chesscloc4 the player retains the right to change his sealed move. If, after being told by the arbiter to seal his move, the player ma4es a move on the chessboard he must write that same move on his scoresheet as his sealed move. # player having the move who ad+ourns the game before the end of the playing session shall be considered to have sealed at the nominal time for the end of the session, and his remaining time shall so be recorded.

b.

!.,.

The following shall be indicated upon the envelope* a. the names of the players, and b. the position immediately before the sealed move, and c. the time used by each player, and d. the name of the player who has sealed the move, and e. the number of the sealed move, and f. the offer of a draw, if the proposal is current, and g. the date, time and venue of resumption of play. The arbiter shall chec4 the accuracy of the information on the envelope and is responsible for its safe4eeping. If a player proposes a draw after his opponent has sealed his move, the offer is valid until the opponent has accepted it or re+ected it as in #rticle 0.). %efore the game is to be resumed, the position immediately before the sealed move shall be set up on the chessboard, and the times used by each player when the game was ad+ourned shall be indicated on the cloc4s. If prior to the resumption the game is agreed drawn, or if one of the players notifies the arbiter that he resigns, the game is concluded. The envelope shall be opened only when the player who must reply to the sealed move is present. !=cept in the cases mentioned in #rticles /, 3.0 and 0.3, the game is lost by a player whose recording of his sealed move* a. is ambiguous, or b. is recorded in such a way that its true significance is impossible to establish, or c. is illegal. If, at the agreed resumption time* a. the player having to reply to the sealed move is present, the envelope is opened, the sealed move is made on the chessboard and his cloc4 is started. b. the player having to reply to the sealed move is not present, his cloc4 shall be started on his arrival, he may stop his cloc4 and summon the arbiterC the envelope is then opened and the sealed move is made on the chessboardC his cloc4 is then restarted. c. the player who sealed the move is not present, his opponent has the right to record his reply on the scoresheet, seal his scoresheet in a fresh envelope, stop his cloc4 and

!.$. !.-. !./.

!.3. !.6. !...

!.0.

23

start the absent player@s cloc4 instead of ma4ing his reply in the normal manner. If so, the envelope shall be handed to the arbiter for safe4eeping and opened on the absent player@s arrival. !.)5. #ny player who arrives at the chessboard after the default time shall lose the game unless the arbiter decides otherwise. Kowever, if the player who made the sealed move arrives after the default time* he shall win if he sealed chec4mateC he shall draw if he sealed stalemate. If either player cannot chec4mate as described in #rticle 0.3 then the opponent does not lose if he arrives after the default time.

!.)). If the rules of a competition specify that the default time is not ;ero, the following shall apply* If neither player is present initially, the player who has to reply to the sealed move shall lose all the time that elapses until he arrives, unless the rules of the competition specify or the arbiter decides otherwise. !.),. a. If the envelope containing the sealed move is missing, the game shall continue from the ad+ourned position, with the cloc4 times recorded at the time of ad+ournment. If the time used by each player cannot be re<established the arbiter shall set the cloc4s. The player who sealed the move shall ma4e the move he states he sealed on the chessboard. If it is impossible to re<establish the position, the game is annulled and a new game must be played.

b.

!.)$. If, upon resumption of the game, either player points out before ma4ing his first move that the time used has been incorrectly indicated on either cloc4, the error must be corrected. If the error is not then established the game shall continue without correction unless the arbiter decides otherwise. !.)-. The duration of each resumption session shall be controlled by the arbiter@s timepiece. The starting time and finishing time shall be announced in advance.

24

'uick&lay Finish ). ,. # ?Auic4play finish@ is the phase of a game when all the remaining moves must be made in a finite time. If the player having the move has less than two minutes left on his cloc4, he may reAuest that a time delay or cumulative time of an e=tra five seconds be introduced for both players, if possible. The cloc4s shall then be set with the e=tra timeC the opponent shall be awarded two e=tra minutes and the game shall continue. If #rticle , does not apply and the player having the move has less than two minutes left on his cloc4, he may claim a draw before his flag falls. Ke shall summon the arbiter and may stop the chesscloc4 8see #rticle 3.), b9. Ke may claim on the basis that his opponent cannot win by normal means, andLor that his opponent has been ma4ing no effort to win by normal means a. If the arbiter agrees that the opponent cannot win by normal means, or that the opponent has been ma4ing no effort to win the game by normal means, he shall declare the game drawn. (therwise he shall postpone his decision or re+ect the claim. b. If the arbiter postpones his decision, the opponent may be awarded two e=tra minutes and the game shall continue, if possible in the presence of an arbiter. The arbiter shall declare the final result later in the game or as soon as possible after the flag of either player has fallen. Ke shall declare the game drawn if he agrees that the opponent of the player whose flag has fallen cannot win by normal means, or that he was not ma4ing sufficient attempts to win by normal means. c. If the arbiter has re+ected the claim, the opponent shall be awarded two e=tra minutes

$.

9"TE% The decision of the arbiter shall be final relating to (a), (b) and (c). has been removed. -. a. )9. ,9. Bhere no arbiter is present in the venue the following shall apply. # player may claim a draw when he has less than two minutes left on his cloc4 and before his flag falls. This concludes the game. Ke may claim on the basis* that his opponent cannot win by normal means, andLor that his opponent has been ma4ing no effort to win by normal means.

In )9 the player must write down the final position and his opponent must verify it. In ,9 the player must write down the final position and submit an up<to<date scoresheet. The opponent shall verify both the scoresheet and the final position. The claim shall be referred to the designated arbiter,whose decision shall be final.

25

#hess()* Rules ) %efore a Chess035 game a starting position is randomly set up, sub+ect to certain rules. #fter this, the game is played in the same way as standard chess. In particular, pieces and pawns have their normal moves, and each playerGs ob+ective is to chec4mate the opponentGs 4ing. Starting &osition re:uirements The starting position for Chess035 must meet certain rules. Bhite pawns are placed on the second ran4 as in regular chess. #ll remaining white pieces are placed randomly on the first ran4, but with the following restrictions* a. the 4ing is placed somewhere between the two roo4s, and b. the bishops are placed on opposite<coloured sAuares, and c. the blac4 pieces are placed opposite the white pieces. The starting position can be generated before the game either by a computer program or using dice, coin, cards, etc. #hess()* #astling Rules a. Chess035 allows each player to castle once per game, a move by potentially both the 4ing and roo4 in a single move. Kowever, a few interpretations of standard chess rules are needed for castling, because the standard rules presume initial locations of the roo4 and 4ing that are often not applicable in Chess035. b. "ow to castle In Chess035, depending on the pre<castling position of the castling 4ing and roo4, the castling manoeuvre is performed by one of these four methods* ). double<move castling* by ma4ing a move with the 4ing and a move with the roo4, or ,. transposition castling* by transposing the position of the 4ing and the roo4, or $. 4ing<move<only castling* by ma4ing only a move with the 4ing, or -. roo4<move<only castling* by ma4ing only a move with the roo4. #ecommendations ). Bhen castling on a physical board with a human player, it is recommended that the 4ing be moved outside the playing surface ne=t to his final position, the roo4 then be moved from its starting to ending position, and then the 4ing be placed on his final sAuare. ,. #fter castling, the roo4 and 4ingGs final positions should be e=actly the same positions as they would be in standard chess. $larification Thus, after c<side castling 8notated as 5<5<5 and 4nown as Aueen<side castling in orthodo= chess9, the 4ing is on the c<sAuare 8c) for white and c. for blac49 and the roo4 is on the d< sAuare 8d) for white and d. for blac49. #fter g<side castling 8notated as 5<5 and 4nown as 4ing<side castling in orthodo= chess9, the 4ing is on the g<sAuare 8g) for white and g. for blac49 and the roo4 is on the f<sAuare 8f) for white and f. for blac49. %otes ). To avoid any misunderstanding, it may be useful to state RI am about to castleR before castling. ,. In some starting positions, the 4ing or roo4 8but not both9 does not move during castling. $. In some starting positions, castling can ta4e place as early as the first move.

26

-. /.

#ll the sAuares between the 4ingGs initial and final sAuares 8including the final sAuare9 and all the sAuares between the roo4Gs initial and final sAuares 8including the final sAuare9 must be vacant e=cept for the 4ing and castling roo4. In some starting positions, some sAuares can stay filled during castling that would have to be vacant in standard chess. "or e=ample, after c<side castling 5<5<5, it is possible to have a, b, andLor e still filled, and after g<side castling 85<59, it is possible to have e andLor h filled.

27

@lossary of terms in the a4s of #hess The number after the term is the first time it appears in the Laws. ad/ourn% ..). Instead of playing the game in one session it is temporarily halted and then continued at a later time. algebraic notation% ..). Recording the moves using a<h and )<. on the .=. board. analyse% ...$. Bhere player8s9 ma4e moves on a board to try to determine what is the best continuation. a&&eal% ...... 2ormally a player has the right to appeal against a decision of the arbiter or organiser. arbiter% reface. The person8s9 responsible for ensuring that the rules of a competition are followed. arbiterAs discretion% There are many instances in the Laws where the arbiter must use his +udgement. assistant% ..). # person who may help the smooth running of the competition in various ways. attack% $.). # piece is said to attac4 an opponent@s piece if the piece could ma4e a capture on that sAuare. black% ,.,. .. There are )3 dar4 coloured pieces or $, sAuares called blac4. (r 0. Bhen capitalised, this also refers to the player of the blac4 pieces. blit?% # game where each player@s thin4ing time is less than )5 minutes board% ,.-. &hort for chessboard. +ronstein mode% 3.$b. &ee delay mode. ca&ture% $.). Bhere a piece is moved from its sAuare to a sAuare occupied by an opponent@s piece, the latter is removed from the board. &ee also $.6d. In notation =. castling% $..a<b. # move of the 4ing towards a roo4. &ee the article. In notation 5<5 4ingside castling, 5<5<5 Aueenside castling. cell&hone% &ee mobile phone. check% $.0. Bhere a 4ing is attac4ed by one or more of the opponent@s pieces. In notation N. checkmate% ).,. Bhere the 4ing is attac4ed and cannot parry the threat. In notation NN. chessboard% ).). The .=. grid as in ,.). chessclock% 3.). # cloc4 with two time displays connected to each other. chess set% the $, pieces on the chessboard. #hess()*% # variant of chess where the bac4 row pieces are set up in one of the 035 possible variations. claim% 3... The player may ma4e a claim to the arbiter under various circumstances. clock% 3.). (ne of the two time displays. com&leted move% 3.6a. Bhere a player has made his move and then pressed his cloc4. contiguous area% #n area, touching but not actually part of playing area. "or e=ample, that set aside for spectators. cumulative 5Fischer6 mode% Bhere a player receives an e=tra amount of time 8often $5 seconds9 prior to each move. dead &osition% /.,b. Bhere neither player can mate the opponent@s 4ing with any series of legal moves. default time% 3.3. The specified time a player may be late without being forfeited. Delay 5+ronstein6 mode% ).1b. %oth players receive an allotted ?main thin4ing time@. !ach player also receives a ?fi=ed e=tra time@ with every move. The countdown of the main thin4ing time only commences after the fi=ed e=tra time has e=pired. rovided the player presses his cloc4 before the e=piration of the fi=ed e=tra time, the main thin4ing time does not change, irrespective of the proportion of the fi=ed e=tra time used. demonstration board% 3.)$. # display of the position on the board where the pieces are moved by hand. 28

diagonal% ,.-. # straight line of sAuares of the same colour, running from one edge of the board to an ad+acent edge. disability% 3.,e. a condition, such as a physical or mental handicap, that results in partial or complete loss of a personGs ability to perform certain chess activities. dra4% /.,. Bhere the game is concluded with neither side winning. dra4 offer% 0.).b. Bhere a player may offer a draw to the opponent. This is indicated on the scoresheet with the symbol 8O9. en &assant% $.6d. &ee that article for an e=planation. In notation e.p. e>change% .. Bhere a player captures a piece of the same value as his own and this piece is recaptured. (r 0. Bhere one player has lost a roo4 and the other has lost a bishop or 4night. e>&lanation% ...). # player is entitled to have a Law e=plained. file% ,.-. a vertical column of eight sAuares on the chessboard. Fischer mode% &ee cumulative mode. flag% 3.). The device that displays when a time period has e=pired. flag fall% 3.). Bhere the allotted time of a player has e=pired. forced mate% Bhere, with optimum play, a player can force chec4mate against optimum defence. handica&% See disability. I ad/ust% &ee +@adoube. illegal% -.$c. # position or move that is impossible because of the Laws of Chess. im&airment% &ee disability. intervene% ),.6. To interpose in an action to which one was not at first a party. /Aadoube% -.,. Giving notice that the player wishes to ad+ust a piece, but not necessarily intend to move it. kingside% $..a. The vertical half of the board on which the 4ing stands at the start of the game. legal move% &ee #rticle )5.$a. made% ).). # move is said to have been ?made@ when the piece has been moved to its new sAuare, the hand Auit the piece and the captured piece, if any, removed from the board. mate% #bbreviation of chec4mate. minor &iece. %ishop or 4night. mobile &hone% ...1b. cellphone. monitor% 3.)$. #n electronic display of the position on the board. move% ).). .. -5 moves in 05 minutes, refers to -5 moves by each player. (r 0. having the move refers to the player@s right to play ne=t. (r 1. Bhite@s best move refers to the single move by white. move counter% 3.)5b. # devise on a chesscloc4 which may be used to record the number of times the cloc4 has been pressed by each player. normal means% .*.0b. laying in a positive manner to try to winC or, having a position such that there is a realistic chance of winning the game other than +ust flag fall. o&&onent% ).). The person who is waiting for the player to move. organiser. ;.1. The person responsible for such as the venue, dates, pri;e money, invitations, format of the competition and so on. overBtheBboard% introduction. The Laws cover only this type of chess, not internet, nor correspondence, etc. &enalties% .0..*. The arbiter may apply penalties as listed in )$.0 in ascending order of severity. &iece% ,. .. (ne of the $, figurines on the board. (r 0. # Aueen, roo4, bishop or 4night. &layer% ).). The person whose turn it is to move. &laying area% ...0. The place where the games of a comptition are played. &laying venue% ...0. The only place to which the players have access during play. &oints% .*... 2ormally a player scores ) point for a win, M point for a draw, 5 for a loss. #n alternative is $ for a win, ) for a draw, 5 for a loss. &ress the clock% ).0a. The act of pushing the button or lever on a chess cloc4 which stops the player@s cloc4 and starts that of his opponent.

29

&romotion% $.6e. Bhere a pawn reaches the eighth ran4 and is replaced by a new Aueen, roo4, bishop or 4night of the same colour. :ueen% as in Aueen a pawn, meaning to promote a pawn to a Aueen. :ueenside% $..a. The vertical half of the board on which the Aueen stands at the start of the game. :uick&lay finish% The last part of a game where a player must ma4e an unlimited number of moves in a finite time. rank% ,.-. # hori;ontal column of eight sAuares on the chessboard. ra&id&lay% #. # game where each player@s thin4ing time is at least )5 minutes, but less than 35. re&etition% /.,.d. # player may claim a draw if the same position occurs three times. resigns% /.)b. Bhere a player gives up, rather than play to mate. rest rooms% ...0. Toilets, also the room set aside in Borld Championships where the players can rela=. result% ..6. 'sually the result is )<5, 5<) or M<M. In e=ceptional circumstances both players may lose 8#rticle ....*9, or one score M and the other 5 8#rticle ),.$b9. "or unplayed games the scores are indicated by NL< 8Bhite wins by forfeit9, <LN 8%lac4 wins by forfeit9, <L< 8%oth players lose by forfeit9. rules of the com&etition% ).7a. #t various points in the Laws there are options. The competition rules must state which have been chosen. sealed move% #ppendi= E. Bhere a game is ad+ourned the player seals his ne=t move in an envelope. setBu&% A&&endi> A2. scoresheet% ..). # paper sheet with spaces for writing the moves. This can also be electronic. s&ectators% 2on<players viewing the games. This includes players after their games have been concluded. screen% )..1. #n electronic display of the position on the board. standard&lay% # game where each player@s thin4ing time is at least 35 minutes. stalemate% /.,a. Bhere the player has no legal move and his 4ing is not in chec4. su&ervise% ),.$. inspect or control. time control% ). The regulation about the time the player is allotted. "or e=ample, -5 moves in 05 minutes, all the moves in $5 minutes, plus $5 seconds cumulatively from move ). "r ,. # player is said ?to have reached the time control@, if, for e=ample he has made the -5 moves in less than 05 minutes. time &eriod% # part of the game where the players must complete a number of moves, or all the moves in a certain time. touch move% -.$. If a player touches a piece with the intention of moving it, he is obliged to move it. 4hite% ,.,. .. There are )3 light coloured pieces or $, sAuares called white. (r 0. Bhen capitalised, this also refers to the player of the white pieces. ?ero tolerance% ).7a. Bhere a player must arrive at the chessboard before the start of the session. 3* move rule% /.,e. # player may claim a draw if at least the last /5 moves have been made without a capture or pawn move.

30