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2.1

Learning-Related Emotion Scales

This section of the questionnaire includes the eight learning-related emotion scales assessing learning-related enjoyment, hope, pride, anger, anxiety, shame, hopelessness, and boredom. The items of the scales pertain to the four different emotion component subscales within emotions (affective, cognitive, motivational, and physiological component subscales as indicated by the 4th letter "A", "C", "M", or "P" within item labels. In the following, items are presented in a systematical order. In the questionnaire, items are presented in three blocks pertaining to emotional feelings experienced before, during, and after studying (indicated by the last letter "B", "D", or "A" within items labels). Items are mixed within blocks in the questionnaire.

INSTRUCTION

"Studying for your courses at university can induce different feelings. This questionnaire refers to emotions you may experience when studying. Before answering the questions on the following pages, please recall some typical situations of studying which you have experienced during the course of your studies."

(1) BEFORE STUDYING

"The following questions pertain to feelings you may experience BEFORE studying. Please indicate how you feel, typically, before you begin to study."

(2) DURING STUDYING

"The following questions pertain to feelings you may experience DURING studying. Please indicate how you feel, typically, during studying."

(3) AFTER STUDYING

"The following questions pertain to feelings you may experience AFTER having studied. Please indicate how you feel, typically, after having studied."

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LEARNING-RELATED ENJOYMENT (10) Item 81 124 139 131 150 110 146 154 LJOA1B LJOA2D LJOA3D LJOC1D LJOC2A LJOM1D LJOM2A LJOM3A I look forward to studying. I enjoy the challenge of learning the material. I enjoy acquiring new knowledge. I enjoy dealing with the course material. Reflecting on my progress in coursework makes me happy. I study more than required because I enjoy it so much. I am so happy about the progress I made that I am motivated to continue studying. Certain subjects are so enjoyable that I am motivated to do extra readings about them. When my studies are going well, it gives me a rush. I get physically excited when my studies are going well. M SD rit .44 .55 .39 .53 .44 .46 .50 .41

2.51 1.07 3.51 4.14 3.23 3.61 1.78 3.37 .94 .84 .90 .88 .88 .98

3.48 1.25

117 136

LJOP1D LJOP2D

4.00 1.03 3.47 1.13

.40 .41

Scale statistics: M = 33.09 SD = 5.78 ! = .78

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LEARNING-RELATED HOPE (6) Item 88 98 83 94 104 113 LHOA1B LHOA2D LHOC1B LHOC2B LHOM1D LHOM2D I have an optimistic view toward studying. I feel confident when studying. I feel confident that I will be able to master the material. I feel optimistic that I will make good progress at studying. The thought of achieving my learning objectives inspires me. My sense of confidence motivates me. M 3.19 3.29 3.28 3.49 3.83 3.19 SD .93 .87 .90 .86 .93 .90 rit .45 .69 .49 .55 .41 .55

Scale statistics: M = 20.27 SD = 3.70 ! = .77

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LEARNING-RELATED PRIDE (6) Item 144 107 152 129 LPRA1A LPRC1D LPRC2A LPRM1D Im proud of myself. Im proud of my capacity. I think I can be proud of my accomplishments at studying. Because I want to be proud of my accomplishments, I am very motivated. When I solve a difficult problem in my studying, my heart beats with pride. When I excel at my work, I swell with pride. M SD rit .50 .38 .54 .56

3.64 1.00 3.42 3.59 3.43 .98 .97 .99

122 135

LPRP1D LPRP2D

3.60 1.11 3.91 .98

.44 .49

Scale statistics: M = 21.59 SD = 4.00 ! = .75

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LEARNING-RELATED ANGER (9) Item 90 115 121 92 128 84 100 LAGA1B LAGA2D LAGA3D LAGC1B LAGC2D LAGM1B LAGM2D I get angry when I have to study. Studying makes me irritated. I get angry while studying. Im annoyed that I have to study so much. I get annoyed about having to study. Because I get so upset over the amount of material, I dont even want to begin studying. I get so angry I feel like throwing the textbook out of the window. When I sit at my desk for a long time, my irritation makes me restless. After extended studying, Im so angry that I get tense. M SD rit .65 .72 .66 .56 .67 .49 .54

2.04 1.10 2.63 1.10 2.04 1.05 2.95 1.17 2.80 1.15 2.56 1.17 2.01 1.15

106 143

LAGP1D LAGP2A

3.02 1.24 1.95 1.04

.55 .53

Scale statistics: M = 22.00 SD = 7.04 ! = .86

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LEARNING-RELATED ANXIETY (11) Item 86 118 147 96 125 141 82 102 LAXA1B LAXA2D LAXA3A LAXC1D LAXC2D LAXC3A LAXM1B LAXM2D When I look at the books I still have to read, I get anxious. I get tense and nervous while studying. When I cant keep up with my studies it makes me fearful. I worry whether Im able to cope with all my work. The subject scares me since I dont fully understand it. I worry whether I have properly understood the material. I get so nervous that I dont even want to begin to study. While studying I feel like distracting myself in order to reduce my anxiety. When I have to study I start to feel queasy. As time runs out my heart begins to race. Worry about not completing the material makes me sweat. M SD rit .51 .56 .53 .56 .52 .52 .42 .53

2.94 1.16 2.41 1.00 3.51 1.20 3.28 1.08 2.77 1.15 3.30 1.11 2.07 1.06 2.67 1.26

85 111 132

LAXP1B LAXP2D LAXP3D

1.70

.99

.39 .57 .55

3.33 1.24 2.71 1.25

Scale statistics: M = 30.69 SD = 7.76 ! = .84

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LEARNING-RELATED SHAME (11) Item 127 89 99 105 134 138 148 142 151 LSHA1D LSHC1B LSHC2D LSHC3D LSHC4D LSHC5D LSHC6A LSHM1A LSHM2A I feel ashamed. I feel ashamed about my constant procrastination. I feel ashamed that I cant absorb the simplest of details. I feel ashamed because I am not as adept as others in studying. I feel embarrassed about not being able to fully explain the material to others. I feel ashamed when I realize that I lack ability. My memory gaps embarrass me. Because I have had so much troubles with the course material, I avoid discussing it. I dont want anybody to know when I havent been able to understand something. When somebody notices how little I understand I avoid eye contact. I turn red when I dont know the answer to a question relating to the course material. M 1.74 SD .99 rit .63 .46 .61 .57 .61 .66 .57 .57 .48

3.04 1.24 2.39 1.21 2.63 1.23 2.49 1.19 2.49 1.21 2.43 1.22 2.16 1.02 2.67 1.15

114 120

LSHP1D LSHP2D

2.61 1.25 2.33 1.26

.53 .34

Scale statistics: M = 29.00 SD = 8.32 ! = .86

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LEARNING-RELATED HOPELESSNESS (11) Item 95 130 153 123 145 149 155 LHLA1B LHLA2D LHLA3A LHLC1D LHLC2A LHLC3A LHLC4A I feel hopeless when I think about studying. I feel helpless. I feel resigned. Im resigned to the fact that I dont have the capacity to master this material. After studying Im resigned to the fact that I havent got the ability. Im discouraged about the fact that Ill never learn the material. I worry because my abilities are not sufficient for my program of studies. I feel so helpless that I cant give my studies my full efforts. I wish I could quit because I cant cope with it. My lack of confidence makes me exhausted before I even start. My hopelessness undermines all my energy. M SD rit .62 .70 .54 .65 .62 .61 .60

2.12 1.04 1.84 1.04 2.15 2.05 2.02 .92 .96 .97

2.11 1.07 2.54 1.18

108 116 91 101

LHLM1D LHLM2D LHLP1B LHLP2D

2.26 1.13 1.91 1.07 2.07 1.10 1.97 .99

.66 .60 .66 .68

Scale statistics: M = 23.06 SD = 8.09 ! = .90

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LEARNING-RELATED BOREDOM (11) Item 112 133 137 119 140 109 87 93 97 103 126 LBOA1D LBOA2D LBOA3D LBOC1D LBOC2D LBOC3D LBOM1B LBOM2B LBOP1D LBOP2D LBOP3D The material bores me to death. Studying for my courses bores me. Studying is dull and monotonous. While studying this boring material, I spend my time thinking of how time stands still. The material is so boring that I find myself daydreaming. I find my mind wandering while I study. Because Im bored I have no desire to learn. I would rather put off this boring work till tomorrow. Because Im bored I get tired sitting at my desk. The material bores me so much that I feel depleted. While studying I seem to drift off because its so boring. M SD rit .70 .76 .73 .48 .78 .61 .52 .62 .71 .69 .80

2.33 1.07 2.67 1.13 2.75 1.14 2.22 1.13 3.08 1.24 3.80 1.12 2.22 1.15 3.21 1.26 3.07 1.18 2.30 1.07 3.05 1.14

Scale statistics: M = 30.69 SD = 9.29 ! = .92