Airienteering with 13MIKE

by Fred J. Calfior and Douglas W. Miller Table of Contents

Cover Title Page Copyright Page About the Authors Dedication Preface PreFlight o Flying The Scenarios What is Airienteering? Overview The Early Pioneers Highways in the Skies Air Warriors o Navigating The Scenarios Overview Types of navigation Where am I? Measuring courses Victor airways Track, course, heading Correcting for winds Identification of intersections and landmarks VFR Terminal Area chart interpretation Flying the arc Airspace altitudes o Puzzling The Scenarios Overview The Early Pioneers Highways in the Skies Air Warriors o References

The Early Pioneers (Scenario #1)

Highways in the Skies (Scenario #2)

o o o

Puzzle Tribes Riddle-Me-Dees Silly Sniglets

Air Warriors (Scenario #3) o Puzzle Tribes o Silly Sniglets o The Gallery

Answers o The Early Pioneers o Highways in the Skies o Air Warriors o Scoring Categories

Appendices o Appendix A: Terminal Area Charts A1 - Los Angeles Terminal Area Chart A2 - San Francisco Terminal Area Chart A3 - New York Terminal Area Chart o Appendix B: Terminal Area Chart Symbols, Legend, and Mileage Strip

Other Flights of 13MIKE Upcoming Flights Back Cover

Airienteering with 13MIKE for versions 4.0 and 5.0

A Microsoft Flight Simulator Action Book by Professor Fred J. Calfior and Professor Douglas W. Miller Book Three - Level A Covering the Los Angeles, San Francisco, and New York areas

Airienteering with 13MIKE

1995 by CalMil Publishing. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information, contact CalMil Publishing, 2224 Katahn Drive, Prescott, AZ 86301-3976. First edition, 1995. International Standard Book Number: 0-9639052-3-6. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-072676. This book is sold as is, without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, respecting the contents of this book, including but not limited to implied warranties for the book's quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Neither CalMil Publishing nor its dealers or distributors shall be liable to the purchaser or any other person or entity with respect to any liability, loss, or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book. Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Flight Simulator is a trademark of Bruce Artwick. 13MIKE and Airienteering are trademarks of CalMil Publishing.

About the Authors

Professor Fred J. Calfior Fred Calfior is a 1975 graduate from the United States Naval Academy, with a degree in Aerospace Engineering. He has instructed in both the T2C Buckeye (a twin engine jet) and the TA4J Skyhawk (a single engine jet). Upon joining the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University faculty, Professor Calfior acquired his Masters in Aeronautical Science. He has been involved in all levels of flight instruction, as well as academic instruction, in the areas of Aerodynamics, Flight Performance, and VFR/IFR Navigation. He has written three workbooks for the textbook Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators. Professor Douglas W. Miller Douglas Miller is a Professor at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University where he teaches Aerodynamics and Electronic Flight Control Systems. Professor Miller has an extensive background in aircraft system design and simulation development. As a consultant to the aerospace industry, he has been responsible for the development of a variety of multi-user simulation systems, including a virtual reality simulation used for vehicle design and analysis. Professor Miller has extensive instrument and weather flying experience. Most of this experience was obtained while flying his Mooney for business purposes. Currently, Professor Miller is involved in the research and development of a virtual reality flight simulator for teaching and flight technique analysis.

Dedication
We would like to take this opportunity to dedicate this book to two special people that have been very instrumental in not only the inception of this book, but all the other 13MIKE books. First of all, we would like to dedicate this book to Doug's lovely and very understanding wife, Nancy. She has been an inspiration to us. She takes a personal interest in the brainstorming, designs, and red lining sessions. She coined the term Airienteering and was instrumental in the development of the choose your own adventure concept. Thanks to Doug's children for their support in the 13MIKE series development. We would also like to dedicate this book to Fred's wife, Kathleen. She has laughed over almost all his jokes, but most importantly has understood his need for quiet time, as he pored over chart after chart! She is an inspiration to both of us.

Preface
One evening as I was playing King's Quest for the 10th time (I'm a slow learner), a thought started to slowly make its way to the cockpit of my brain. I said, Hey Doug! Why don't we write a book that has a multitude of routes that you can choose from to take you to an unknown airport? Well Fred, that might be fun if we made it a little more challenging. You know, kind of a choose your own adventure type book. Yeah, we could use aviation trivia questions, puzzles, and all kinds of tricky riddles, limericks, and such. I don't know Fred, we can't make it too hard. We could make it challenging by using loops and dead ends in the routes. Doug, this sounds fun! I like puzzles and since you teach aviation history, we have a ton of aviation trivia questions. I'm excited! Let's get started! What about your game, Fred? Let's write the book first, then I'll finish the game! Well, that was the beginning of quite an adventure. Doug and I have spent hundreds of hours generating AirLegs, questions, puzzles, riddles, limericks, etc. to make this book the most challenging book of its kind. You are going to find this book quite unique in its approach. The flights are divided into three major areas. Not only are the flights divided by geographical area but also theme. The first flight is entitled The Early Pioneers. All the trivia questions in this section pertain to our aviation forefathers, the people who risked their lives to push the frontiers of aviation. The scientist and the daredevils, the entrepreneurs and the consumers, the pilots and the passengers. This set of AirLegs takes place over the skies of Los Angeles. It's a pretty area, but I'm afraid you will probably have your head buried in the Los Angeles Terminal Area Chart provided in appendix Al. The second flight is called Highways in the Skies. The skies are full of air highways. You say you don't see any highways up there? Well, all you need is a road map. They call them aeronautical charts. All the highways are on these charts. You will also need to know how to read these charts. This scenario is flown over the beautiful airways of San Francisco. We have provided all the information you will need to navigate in this area in appendix A2. You, on the other hand, must be able to utilize this information to find your way. The third flight is called Air Warriors. The brave air soldiers and their trusty steed, the fighter plane, are the main theme of this section. How much do you know about these heroes and the aircraft they flew? You will battle with your own ability to decipher the symbology on the Terminal Area Chart for New York, found in appendix A3, on this flight. The battle can get ugly, so guard your loins, or loin up your girds, or is that gird up your loins - anyway, get ready for battle! All Terminal Area charts, and chart symbology information are authentic in every detail.

NOTE: The charts are intended for use with this book in flying the scenarios utilizing Microsoft's Flight Simulator program. Please do not try to use these navigational charts for actual flight purposes. Reason - they are no longer current. This is the third book of a vast series of upcoming action books for the Microsoft Flight Simulator program. The books have been designed to be flown in sequence, even though it is not required. The action books come in two levels. Level A is primarily visual flight (VFR), keeping the non-pilot and student pilot well challenged but within reach of everyone's flying ability. Level B, on the other hand, is a book geared to anyone who has completed the first book or is an experienced pilot. Airienteering with 13MIKE - Book Three - Level A has been prepared and written so that it challenges the non-pilot, student pilot, instrument pilot, and commercial pilot. What would it be like to do a little orienteering with an airplane? Well, jump into old 13MIKE, get out the chart, and let's hit the sky. This book, in the 13MIKE series, is written in a choose your own adventure style format. It is loaded with aviation trivia and little known facts to test your knowledge and skill. You need to solve puzzles, find answers to aviation trivia questions, and locate clues on the charts, to enable you to find your way. For any given flight scenario, there can be a multitude of different paths to arrive at a successful destination. The puzzles are demanding and the questions are worthy ofentrance into the Guinness book of world records. Answer a question or puzzle wrong, and you will find yourself eventually running out of gas, flying into a mountain, encountering severe weather, or looped to an AirLeg you've already flown, among other mishaps! You never know your destination airport until the very last moment when you are cleared to land. It is not wise to try and second guess either your route or your destination. The clock is ticking and it looks like a storm is brewing. How good are you at chart reading, puzzle solving, trivia research, and flying at the same time? Well, let's go Airienteering with 13MIKE and find out. You will notice that there are scoring points throughout the flight scenarios. They are weighted according to their degree of importance. The purpose of the scoring is so you may have a target of proficiency to shoot for. We'll tell you, based upon your score, to which category of Airienteermanship you belong! The answers for each scenario are provided in the back of the book, so that you can tell how close your skills are to whatever goals you've set for yourself. It is assumed the user is familiar and versatile with Microsoft Flight Simulator Versions 4.0 or 5.0. This is not a teaching aid on how to fly the simulator - we assume that you have already practiced using the Microsoft Flight Simulator's own manual and guide. So whether you have version 4.0 or 5.0, this action book provides you with a custom program geared for your needs no matter what version you own. The airplane in which you will be flying is a Cessna 182 RG, a retractable gear airplane. We recommend that you use the map display very sporadically - more for curiosity sake than anything else. The areas are default areas which come automatically with your original Microsoft program. You won't have to build any scenery, locations or navaids unless you want to do so for your own personal thrill.

You may fly each one of these flight scenarios using your keyboard, mouse, or joystick. There is no specific preference. ************************************************ As you progress through this book, we would enjoy hearing about your triumphs, thrills, and any other comments you may wish to share with us. We are always eager to hear from our fellow flyers. All comments are appreciated. Please send them to CalMil Publishing, 2224 Katahn Drive, Prescott AZ, 86301. Professor Douglas W. Miller Professor Fred John Calfior

PreFlight
FLYING THE SCENARIOS
What is Airienteering? Airienteering is like a cross between orienteering and a car rally. You are given a chart, sparse directions, and asked to answer aviation trivia questions or solve puzzles to determine what your next set of instructions or clues will be. Airienteering with 13MIKE is not like the first two 13MIKE books. In this book we do not tell you how to get to a check point, we just ask you to pause when you are abeam or over it. It is up to you to determine your position and how to get to the next point in the instructions. This requires a lot of chart reading, interpretation, and instrument triangulation. If you do not know how to read and interpret an aeronautical chart, then spend some time reading the NAVIGATING THE SCENARIOS section. By the time you finish this action book, you will be an expert at chart interpretation, navigation, and instrument triangulation. Overview If you are familiar with the Choose Your Own Adventure style of books, then you will understand quickly the concept of these scenarios. The objective of each scenario is to fly from the departure airport to a successful landing at the unknown destination airport. This is accomplished by correctly answering each aviation trivia question or puzzle that you encounter along your journey. There are three scenarios available - number one for Los Angeles, number two for San Francisco, and number three for New York. Each scenario is focused on a certain aspect of aviation trivia. In this first Airienteering with 13MIKE book, the three aviation groups are entitled The Early Pioneers, Highways in the Skies, and Air Warriors. There are many different ways to accomplish the flights, based upon the path you choose in answering the aviation questions and puzzles. As an example, the first scenario has a total of 116 AirLegs. Depending on your answers to the aviation trivia questions, there are five different paths that will lead you to the correct airport! In addition, if an answer you have chosen is wrong, the resulting path will either loop you around to an AirLeg which you have already flown, or you will find yourself flying into a dead-end somewhere in the thread of continuing AirLegs! As you fly from AirLeg to AirLeg, you will often be asked to pause the simulation and record pertinent flight related information. The goal of these flight questions is to give you an evaluation of how well you are following the Terminal Area chart for the region you are flying. Within an AirLeg, you could be asked to turn towards a certain landmark on your chart. Due to the default configuration of your Microsoft Flight Simulator program, you will not generally see those places in the 'out the window' view. But by measuring the track on the chart, and taking into account winds which are present, you will be able to turn to some heading which

appropriately brings you to that landmark's position. You will be scored at the completion of your flight, based upon the number of points you have acquired. That point value puts you into a category, which will let you know what kind of a pilot you really are! Once you have successfully arrived at your destination, keep in mind that there are other paths that will also lead you to that destination. Try to discover all the scenario routes that are possible. This makes each scenario more challenging. You have what we call cross country flights within cross country flights! Throughout the flight, you will be tantalized with tidbits of aviation trivia, which Professor Calfior in his unique style of instructorship makes you aware of. The knowledge which you can attain is fantastic, and well worth the effort of trying to fly all the legs, even to the end of discovering the loops which bring you back to some previously flown AirLeg. You may even read all the AirLegs to enjoy the dialogue and interesting aviation history. The Flight points which you acquire are only valid if they follow a one way track to your destination. For example, let's say a track that works is AirLeg 7, 13, 100, 37, 71, 33, 48, 92, and 106. Whatever points you have picked up along those AirLegs are valid points, and will count towards the categorization of what kind of pilot you really are! But suppose you gave a wrong answer on AirLeg 71! So your track now takes you to AirLeg 2, 95, 77, 31, and then all of a sudden you find yourself back on AirLeg 100! The first problem to solve will be to determine on which AirLeg your wrong answer lies. Then the points you picked up from that AirLeg (in this case AirLegs 2, 95, 77, and 31) do not count towards your flight because you looped back to the correct path, being led astray by an aviation trivia question which you answered incorrectly. In a similar manner, if from AirLeg 71, you answered a question wrongly, and four AirLegs later, you found yourself at a dead end, none of those AirLegs' Flight Questions would count either. So what would be a suggested way to carry out your flight puzzle for each scenario? The key is to save at the end of each AirLeg before going on to the next AirLeg. Let's say that at AirLeg 71, you tracked to AirLeg 19, which then took you to AirLeg 75, which then took you to AirLeg 102. AirLeg 102 is a dead end! Where did you go wrong? Was it the question in AirLeg 75? It could be, but it wouldn't necessarily have to be the case, because the question in AirLeg 75 could have been correct! The problem occurred way back in AirLeg 71! So you can see the potential for quite a maze of solutions, and the need for you to document where you've been, and where you presently are! So, let's say that at the end of AirLeg 102, you determine that the only place you could have blown it is at AirLeg 71. Then simply set up the situation which you have saved at the end of AirLeg 71, and choose a different answer. The maximum number of points possible from departure to destination will always be the same, no matter which of the multitude of routes you fly. But for each of those many routes, it is still a challenge to match your flying abilities with the highest possible score! You will find no radio communications between you and air traffic control, of any kind. This is not a book which endeavors to teach you proper radio terminology. This action book challenges your ability to read and interpret aeronautical charts, and position determination by instrument triangulation. It also challenges your knowledge of aviation history and puzzle solving abilities.

Whenever you arrive at an aviation trivia question, that is the time to pause the simulation until you determine an answer. Do not continue flying indefinitely. The next AirLeg may require a change occurring immediately upon the heels of the last AirLeg. The Early Pioneers In The Early Pioneers section, there is only one right departure airport and runway. There are as many as five different ways to get to your destination successfully, and it will always be the same destination and runway. Try to find all the possible paths and challenge yourself to make the maximum number of points throughout each attempt! Highways in the Skies In the Highways in the Skies section, there is only one right departure airport, but two different runways available to takeoff as a start. There are as many as eight different ways to get to a successful destination. In total, there are three possible destination airports with four different runways. Air Warriors In the Air Warriors section, there are four right departure airports, and four right destination airports. There are as many as six different ways to get to your destination. There is not the complicated interlaced structure of the previous two scenarios in this one, but watch out for the tricky questions and puzzles! There are still plenty of loops and dead ends for your aviatory enrichment and delight!

NAVIGATING THE SCENARIOS

Overview Within the AirLegs, you may be given turns to a heading, or asked to intercept and track inbound or outbound on a certain radial, or Victor Airway. The power settings you use for cruise, the airspeeds you fly, are all left to your discretion. For the most part, when asked to climb or descend to a certain altitude, it's to your advantage to do so expeditiously. Do not bide your time by casually changing altitudes! An AirLeg may end when you are overhead a specific landmark which is identified only by your Terminal Area chart. By mapping its radial and DME from a navigational facility, you can determine when you have arrived overhead that point. Appendix A in the back of this book contains all the Terminal Area charts that you will need for each scenario. A recommended practice is to draw each AirLeg as you fly it, and label that AirLeg on the chart, thereby keeping track of your path. The charts in this book are for a specific time period, and are not valid for any real flights that you might be thinking about flying yourself. Due to several comments, it might be worth your while to pick up a separate chart for yourself at your local airport, so that you can spread it out and move about more freely. Most likely the chart you acquire will be a later version, which will have some changes in it. So always compare your chart with what's given in this book. Where there's a difference, the chart in this book is the authority. Types of navigation Within the scope of Airienteering with 13MIKE. there are three forms of navigation used. Dead reckoning, pilotage, and radio navigation. Radio navigation is simply using a VOR radial, for instance, and going outbound or inbound off of that radial, as well as making intercepts which will put you on a desired radial. Dead reckoning is the art of computing groundspeeds, headings, courses, winds, along with a few other performance details, and putting them together to help you arrive at a destination point properly. Pilotage is flying from one visual landmark to another, such as from a water tank to that railroad track up ahead, then to the river further ahead, etc. Where am I? To competently arrive at a desired fix, you must first know where you are currently. There are a variety of methods which will tell you your present position in the air. Of course, if you see a landmark underneath you and it corresponds to what you see on the VFR Terminal Area chart, then you can't get a better pinpoint fix than that! But with the default scenery of Microsoft Flight Simulator, that will be a luxury and exception, rather than the normative situation.

Using radial and distance measurements from a VOR facility will be your most frequently used method of pinpointing your position. Tune and identify the VOR facility you want to use, to make sure you've got the right one. Then center the course deviation indicator (CDI) needle, and be sure to have a 'FROM' displayed on the VOR face. Read what your omni-bearing selector says, and that is your radial from the station. On your VFR Terminal Area chart, draw a line from that VOR facility along that radial, and now you need to determine where on that line you are positioned. Acquire the DME off of that VOR facility, and your fix is glued in place! If 10.0 DME, then measure along the line to 10 nautical miles, using your measurement scale given, and put a dot at that fix. That is where you are! Measuring courses There are two courses which you will probably be interested in measuring. They are true courses and magnetic courses. The difference between the two is that true courses are measured from the geographic north pole, whereas magnetic courses are measured from the magnetic north pole. The distance between the two poles is approximately 1300 miles! Your true course is determined by a line drawn from you to the geographic north pole. Your magnetic course is determined by a line drawn from you to the magnetic north pole. The angle between those two lines is called the magnetic variation. Knowing the variation of your geographic area, you can easily convert a true course to a magnetic course, or a magnetic course to a true course. When wanting to determine a true course from your current position to your desired position, draw a line between the two points. Then take a navigation plotter and line it up along the drawn line with the middle hole on the line. Place the hole on a line of longitude, and read the true course that is lined up on the longitude vertical line. Make sure that you are choosing the right course, because the two available choices are 180 degrees different. If your track is going eastwards, then you choose the easterly of the two courses. If going westwards, then of course, choose the westerly of the two courses. If your course line is more north-ish and south-ish, then do the same thing, but read your courses off of the inner scale of your plotter from a line of latitude. If you want to know what the corresponding magnetic course would be for that true course, then find the closest variation line, and apply that variation to your true course. A phrase which will help you to remember how the correction is applied is East is least and West is best when going from true to magnetic. If your variation is 15 degrees East, and the true course is 270 degrees, then East is leastwhen going from true to magnetic, which means that a 15 degree East variation will make the magnetic course less than the true course by 15 degrees. 270 degrees true equals 255 degrees magnetic! Simple! Take that same line that you've drawn, and place your navigation plotter over it as before. Now move the plotter in a parallel direction until it is centered over a magnetic compass rose on your VFR Terminal Area chart. Read the magnetic course that your plotter intersects on the compass rose, and you now instantaneously have a magnetic course! That's because the compass roses on

your Terminal Area charts are oriented to magnetic north, which is why you'll notice them slightly skewed from straight up and down. Victor Airways Victor airways are highways in the skies, sort of like German Autobahns or expressways or turnpikes or interstate highways! You'll see them depicted all over the place on your VFR Terminal Area charts, with an outbound magnetic course from a VOR facility, and an inbound magnetic course to a VOR facility at its other end. To fly those Victor airways, which you will do quite often in this book, be aware of your winds and supply whatever correction is necessary to keep the CDI needle centered. Do that, and you'll always be where you are supposed to be, so that your answers will match those in the back of the book! Oh boy! Track, course, and heading Let's distinguish between these three critters, because it is vitally important to know what they mean in relationship to one another. When you know where you are, and you know where you want to go, then the straight line between those two points is a course. Measuring that line from a plotter oriented to a line of longitude makes it a true course. Measuring that line from a compass rose makes it a magnetic course. A heading is where you need to point your nose so that the airplane will travel along that course line. The difference between a heading and a course is called the wind correction angle. If you fly a heading equal to the course, then winds will veer you off of your course line and you will miss your desired mark. A track is a line that your aircraft is actually following. If you are applying the right corrections for wind, then your track will be the same as your course, because you have applied the proper heading. So let's talk about how to apply the right corrections! Correcting for winds This is a biggee! I will show you two methods of wind correction, so that when going from Point A to Point B, your heading will get you to Point B consistently. First, the harder way - even though both methods are compulsory and easy to master. A wind triangle is a graphic representation of the effect of wind on a flight. To solve a wind triangle problem, you must know number one - the wind speed and direction. Number two - the desired true course direction. And number three - the airplane's true airspeed. Armed with these three items, you can now calculate your ground speed and true heading. Step One Right on your chart, draw your straight line from where you are to where you want to go. Since all three winds settings for this book are taken from the surface wind dialog boxes, then the winds are magnetic.

Step Two Now draw the wind direction line at the correct angle, through the course line you just drew, and starting at the 'where you are' point. For instance, in the third scenario, your wind is 300 degrees at 12 knots. So since the winds are coming from 300 degrees magnetic, make sure that you draw your wind line in a direction heading towards 120 degrees, which is where the wind is going. The length of that line needs to be one hour's worth, so 12 miles. If you were a balloon (well, if you were in a balloon!) drifting with the wind, in one hour's time, your position would be at the end of that wind line! Step Three To figure out your true airspeed, the easiest thing I can tell you at this point is to simply go with your indicated airspeed. That will put you, as far as the Cessna 182 RG aircraft is concerned, within the ballpark! If you want to get high falutin' and fancy, then use the 2% rule. That is, increase your indicated airspeed by 2% per thousand feet mean sea level that you are flying. As an example, if your indicated airspeed is 140 knots and your altitude is 5,000 feet, then 2% per thousand means that you will increase your 140 knots by 10% (5 X 2%), which gives you a true airspeed of 154 knots. Now scribe an arc which will intercept your course line 154 miles (one hour's travel) away from the end of your wind line. Connect the end of the wind line to that intersection point, and the third side of your wind triangle is drawn. Step Four Using your plotter, determine the magnetic course of that third line. That is the heading that you will need to fly to get to the point that you desire, based upon the existing winds. Now let me clarify a point. Whether you use true courses, or magnetic courses, does not make any difference. But if you use true courses, then make sure that everything you're doing is using a true reference. If you use magnetic courses, then make sure that everything you're doing is using a magnetic reference. In other words, as I say in my navigation classes, Keep all your apples in one basket, and keep all your oranges in another basket, and never the twain shall meet! Because your winds for these Flight Simulator scenarios are using a magnetic reference, you might want to avoid any confusion by always working with magnetic courses. Or if your little old heart desires, apply the variation to the winds to get true winds, and use true courses. Whatever lifts your wonderful heart to heights of ecstasy! The second method of determining the proper heading to your desired point is to use a mechanical computer, like an E6B or CR type, or a flight navigation electronic computer. Either way, without me getting into any of the details, you will be computing a wind correction angle (WCA), which is the difference between your course and your heading, and supply that correction to your drawn track. If you have one or the other of those, go for it!

Identification of intersections and landmarks You will be told many times to fly to a specific intersection fix, visual check point, or landmark. After you have drawn your lines, record what that point's radial and DME is from a certain VOR facility. Now, as you're flying along, you periodically may want to check your position by a radial/DME fix. If that fix puts you on the line you're supposed to be on, then life is marvelous! If your fix is offset from the line, then correct your heading so that you can get back on your desired course line. I call this procedure benchmarking, which is comparing your actual position to your desired position! Let me reiterate once again! Do not rely upon the position of any landmark that you see on your 'out of window' view of Microsoft Flight Simulator. Always go to landmark or point's location indicated by the Terminal Area chart, because that's the reference used in writing this book. Many times, you will be asked to 'Press P to pause the simulation' when you are abeam a certain landmark or point. Well, from that point, draw a line perpendicular to your course line, and it's at that intersection on your course line that you will be abeam the point. VFR Terminal Area Chart Interpretation Interpreting symbols on the Terminal Area Charts will be one of your biggest tasks in this book. Visual check points are flagged. What does a railroad look like? How about mines and quarries, or dams, golf courses, hospitals, single and double obstructions, marine radiobeacons, racetracks and heliports? What kind of airspace are you flying over? Is it Class B, or Class C, or Class D? What are their floors and ceilings? That DME band - is it for San Francisco or Oakland VOR? Kennedy or La Guardia? What is the length of that runway, and is it lighted all the time or just part time? These are some of the questions that become important to answer when navigating from one point to another, and relying upon your Terminal Area chart. Each chart carries a wealth of information that can save your life! What is the lowest altitude that I can safely navigate at for the specific area I'm flying? Is that an IFR departure route or an arrival route? What is the above ground level height of that tower that seems pretty close to me? Your legend pages in appendix B will guide you to those answers as you work and work and work your charts, navigating with Airienteering wisdom. In a Terminal Area chart you cannot use the same mileage scale as you would with a VFR sectional chart. On the sectional chart one degree of latitude equals one nautical mile, not so on a Terminal Area chart. Therefore, you are supplied with a mileage scale on the bottom of the legend page in appendix B. Notice that there are three scales available. They are 'nautical miles', 'statute miles', and 'kilometers'. The only one you are concerned about is the 'nautical miles'. When measuring distances, do not believe that you are right the first time! Once the distance is measured, measure it again to verify that the plotter did not slip, or that you inadvertently measured off of the wrong scale. The left side of the mileage scales are subdivided into units of one mile going right to left, zero to five. To the right of zero, the subdivision goes to units of five miles. Therefore, when trying to measure an about 13 nautical mile course, place one end of your plotter on the '10', so that the other end will be able to show you whether it is 12.5, or 13.0, or 13.5 nautical miles, etc.

Flying the Arc As a rule of thumb, when turning approximately 90 degrees to intercept an arc, lead the turn by about .6 or .7 nautical miles on your DME display. It obviously will change based upon how slow or fast you are cruising, but that average will work fine, mostly, always! (Good English, huh?!) Prior to your turn to intercept, find out what radial you are on by centering the CDI needle with a 'FROM' indication. Then turn left or right, clockwise or counterclockwise, so that your initial heading on the arc is 90 degrees from that radial. Check your DME to determine whether your heading is good to hold the arc, or whether a correction is necessary. Another standard rule of thumb is that for every 0.1 nautical mile inside of an arc, correct 5 degrees. For every 0.1 nautical mile outside of an arc, correct 10 degrees. Once established on the arc, adjust the OBS to the next 10 degree radial 'FROM' the station. Turn the corresponding 10 degrees to match that OBS setting by a 90 degree difference. When the CDI needle centers, adjust the OBS to the following 10 degree radial 'FROM' the station, and so on and so forth. Don't forget to correct aggressively. This is a busy time of flying, especially when corrections become prevalent. The key is to always have a picture in your mind as to where you are in relationship to the arc, and never be satisfied with being even slightly off kilter. Nail down that 7, or 10, or 15 DME arc until it's time to turn aside. Airspace Altitudes The altitudes that are assigned to you throughout all the AirLegs are predominantly below or above the controlled airspace depicted. At times, you may notice that it appears that you are busting the altitude limitations for the controlled airspace you're in. Well, most likely, it's because you are! And pretty soon thereafter, you'll probably be advised that you've reached a dead end! In actuality, you will be in communication with the controlling ATC facility, who might give you clearance through a controlled airspace within its altitude boundaries. We have tried to keep you flying legally all throughout the scenarios.

PUZZLING THE SCENARIOS

Overview This section will present to you the puzzle conduct of each of the three scenarios, and some of the hints as to how to solution them. All the questions in the scenarios are designed to be researched. They certainly are not typical of what you would normally store in your brain, so we have compiled for you a list of reference material that may be helpful in your quest for aviation history, regulations, and war knowledge. What we recommend is that you solve a multiplicity of the puzzles and questions before you even fly, because the learning you can acquire is awesome! There is no problem in handling each question or puzzle as you arrive, but if you don't have all the reference material handy at home (or at work if the boss isn't around!), then you will naturally submit yourself to the humiliation of a guess! The Early Pioneers In this scenario, there are no puzzles! You will find aviation early pioneer trivia questions somewhat straightforward. They will put you at a fork in the air road of two or three choices. The questions are not tricky, but do address some common misconceptions about aviation history that might surprise you as you find yourself looped or dead ended! Many times, you will see plain, simple Go To AirLeg statements. Be thankful for those, because in later scenarios, you will lose those free rides! Highways in the Skies In this section, there is a mixture of questions, puzzles, and Go To information. The Highways in the Skies questions force you to expand your knowledge base of how to maneuver using airspace road maps or properly termed charts. They can get fairly devious, but not nasty enough to give us a reputation as brutes! Quite a few of the puzzles help you to exercise chart interpretation. For example, what is the elevation at certain airfields? What is the ATIS frequency? What's the longest runway? What is the floor of that airspace you're overflying? Armed with those answers, you could be asked to play with those numbers until you arrive at the next AirLeg. Some other puzzles which will tickle you are called Riddle-Me-Dees. You're supplied with a riddle, and it's up to you to find the answer to that riddle by checking the list towards the back of the scenario. Each answer on the list will have a number which is your next AirLeg. Secondly, there are Puzzle Tribes. These can be tricky, because you are given a clue, then you are to find the rebus or word picture which matches it on the page which carries them in the back of the scenario. Thirdly, there are Mathematical Progressions, where you supply the missing number which fits a pattern shown. The answer is your next AirLeg. Fourthly, there are Silly Sniglets. By definition, sniglets are words which don't appear in the dictionary, but should! Given the definition, find the proper sniglet which matches it in the back of the scenario, and it points you to your next AirLeg. Then there are a number of assorted puzzles, like cross numbers, hidden numbers, and other varieties to this tossed salad puzzle palace!

Air Warriors In this section, there are no free Go To statements! It's all questions and puzzles! Oh boy! The Air Warrior questions are all research intensive. Unless you have an encyclopedic brain, you'll have to hit some of the reference books to find the answers. Here, deviousness reigns and we have become downright stinkers! The Silly Sniglets, Puzzle Tribes, Mathematical Progressions, and chart interpretation puzzles are back in true form. But in addition, we have added The Gallery! This is a descriptive series of well known wartime airplanes, which you must match up in the list towards the back of the scenario. These will definitely captivate your interest and keep you flying on the edge of your ejection seat! Clue Booklet When: 1. you've almost pulled all your hair out 2. you are at your wit's end 3. there is no light at the end of the tunnel 4. all is dark and dreary 5. you're ready to slug somebody Good news! Relief is in sight! Just order a clue booklet through CalMil Publishing, which will supply you with the answers to all the questions and puzzles! And this, along with two aspirin, should do the trick! Check out the order form in back of the book.

REFERENCES
Air Transportation, Robert M. Kane, Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company America in the Air War, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books Aviator's Guide to Navigation, Donald J. Clausing, Tab Books Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. FAR/AIM 94, ASA, Inc. Instrument Rating Manual, Jeppesen-Sanderson Jane's World Aircraft Recognition Handbook, Derek Wood, Jane's Information Group Knights Of The Air, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books Private Pilot Manual, Jeppesen-Sanderson Soldiers of Fortune, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books The Student Pilot's Flight Manual, William K. Kershner, Iowa State University Press The Lore of Flight, Crescent Books The Luftwaffe, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books The World Book Encyclopedia, World Book, Inc. The Pilot's Manual - Instrument Flying, Trevor Thorn, AOPA The Soviet Air Force At War, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books The Carrier War, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books The RAF At War, The Epic of Flight, Time-Life Books World Aircraft, Origins-World War I, Angelucci and Matricardi, Rand McNally & Company World War II Airplanes, Volume One, Angelucci and Matricardi, Rand McNally & Company World War II Airplanes, Volume Two, Angelucci and Matricardi, Rand McNally & Company

The Early Pioneers

Man has always been mystified by flight and he is still mystified even today. Before the turn of the century, there was a flurry of activity to realize the dream of flying. This dream of controlled powered flight came to its culmination on a beach at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, by the brothers, Wright. They thought that the battle for flight had been won. If they had only known that this was only the beginning of a lengthy battle for public acceptance of flight, I wonder if the Wright Brothers would have even started. That act at Kitty Hawk sent a call to the adventurous with the vision of an airplane in every garage. These early pioneers, through hardship of all kinds, dangers, nonacceptance, and financial stress, dragged aviation from its Gee whiz! But what do you use it for?, to an industry that today affects just about every person on the face of the earth. Now the real battle began. Great men and women in aviation have risen to the challenge and have been victorious. The first controlled powered airplanes were fragile at best, not reliable, and needed a lot of support. There were very few airfields, no two way radios, navigation aids, or lighted runways. Growing pains were innumerable. The individuals that helped aviation survive these times were people like: Orville and Wilbur Wright, Glenn Curtiss, Samuel Langley, Thomas Edison, Alexander Graham Bell, Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart, and Harriet Quimby to name a few. These men and women are only the tip of a very enormous iceberg of early pioneers in aviation. The following flight will determine not only your flying, navigating, and chart reading skills, but also your knowledge of the early aviation pioneers. In this scenario, there are no puzzles! You will find aviation early pioneer trivia questions somewhat straightforward. They will put you at a fork in the air road of two or three choices. The questions are not tricky, but do address some common misconceptions about aviation history that might surprise you as you find yourself looped or dead ended! Many times, you will see plain, simple Go To AirLeg statements. Be thankful for those, because in later scenarios, you will lose these free rides! SETUP Aircraft: 1) Choose Cessna Skylane RG SETUP: Weather: 1) Set Surface winds DEPTH to 4000

2) Set Surface winds DIR to 230 3) Set Surface winds SPEED to 30 Aircraft Position: 1) NORTH to 15396.7135 [N034 05'13.0023] 2) EAST to 5952.3402 [W118 02' 04.8496] 3) ALTITUDE to 296 [0] 4) HEADING to 280 note:At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. Set ZOOM to 1.0 FLIGHT This is Professor Calflor, and what an adventure in time you are about to embark on! Now begins your first age of pioneer exploration, dipping into the wealth of the past and the present! The past is an enriching amusing knowledge of the guts, inventiveness, stamina, attitude, failures and successes of our early aviation forefathers. The present is your ability to navigate by way of the Los Angeles Terminal Area chart, properly identifying vital checkpoints and landmarks, as well as the smoothness of your flying skills. Welcome to El Monte airport! May you always have following tailwinds on your journey, except when you takeoff and land! 1) Which Wright brother piloted the Wright Flyer on its maiden voyage? If your answer is Orville, go to AirLeg 19 If your answer is Wilbur, go to AirLeg 1

AirLeg 1 The Wright brothers hand built their own propellers! Since boats used propellers that worked, they figured it might work for airplanes also, and they were right! Not only does an airplane propeller in the air act the same as a propeller in the water, but they also figured out that the propeller was actually a wing in itself, and would behave like one! 1) Takeoff straight out runway 1 2) Climb and maintain 1000 feet Good visual reference points are those mines and quarries scattered all over the place! There's a pickax symbol right along the western shore of the Santa Fe Flood Control Basin on your terminal chart. You see them usually as blotches of brown, sort of scarring the terrain. 3) Who was the first person to fly a powered aircraft in Great Britain? If your answer is Horatio Phillips, go to AirLeg 41 If your answer is Samuel Cody, go to AirLeg 13 AirLeg 2 Oh! Oh! 2500 feet altitude and you are less than 15 DME from LAX! Expect a call from the FAA, since you are inside the Class B airspace without authorization. Immediately after World War I, was there ever a fervor to break records and test the envelope of the flying machines! It was an era of one upmanship! You know, a kind of 'My Daddy is bigger than your Daddy' sort of thing! AirLeg 3 I'll bet you didn 't know that the Wright brothers built and used a wind tunnel! That's not to say this was the first wind tunnel, because H.F. Phillips is credited with the use of the first wind tunnel two decades earlier! The Wright brothers' wind tunnel was designed to see the effect of design changes that they wanted to incorporate on their glider models. They already saw that time and money were saved if they'd futz around with a model rather than the real thing! 1) At 500 feet AGL, turn RIGHT crosswind 2) Climb to 1500 feet 3) When level at 1500 feet, record your: GEAR______________________________________(10 pts)

FLAPS_____________________________________(10 pts) Sure is pretty seeing those mountains north of us! Maybe someone from the Mt. Wilson Observatory is peering at us with the telescope even as we speak! I'm sure they'd be impressed with how well you're holding your 1500 feet altitude with your 235 horsepower 13MIKE 182 retractable gear aircraft! 4) The engine on the first Wright Flyer developed how many horsepower? If your answer is 36 horsepower, go to AirLeg 38 If your answer is 12 horsepower, go to AirLeg 27 If your answer is 24 horsepower, go to AirLeg 21 AirLeg 4 Can you put together all that mumbo-jumbo information for Zamperini field on your Terminal Area chart? Its three letter designator is TOA. Control tower frequency is 124.0, and it operates part time from 0700 to 2000 local time. That comes from the Tower Frequencies Tabulation section on the chart. The common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF) is 135.6 and that also is part time. Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) is 125.6. Airport elevation is 101 feet and it's lighted from sunset to sunrise, with its longest runway being about 5000 feet. Special to note is that the usable runway length could be less than that, due to a displaced threshold. UNICOM is on frequency 122.95. There's also a golf course nearby! The other day I played a round of golf with my Dad and shot a 60! It was one of my best days! But I only played nine holes because I was getting tired! 1) When abeam ZAMPERINI airport, turn LEFT to a heading of 075 2) When level, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude________________________________(35 pts) DME from SLI VOR_______________________(30 pts) VSI___________________________________(20 pts) What Victor airway is South of you?___________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) The first nonstop airplane flight across the Atlantic was in a:

If your answer is Twin Engine Airplane, go to AirLeg 82 If your answer is Single Engine Airplane, go to AirLeg 104 If your answer is Vickers Vimy, go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 5 Samuel Langley did have a houseboat on the Potomac, which he used to launch a couple of his experiments, but I think the Navy would never admit that a houseboat could have at one time been apart of their fleet! You are surrounded by Slurry bombers coming at you from all directions! Right below you is a raging fire. When you look up, you fly into a fire retardent stream which chokes your engine and the prop just sits there! Good help is hard to find! AirLeg 6 The Frenchman, Louis Bleriot, was full of ideas, the wonder being that he survived them! Of the 13 different aircraft configurations he built or tested, more than half either failed to fly or crashed with Bleriot on board! To make matters worse, he was apparently a dreadful pilot by reputation, stated as being uncoordinated, slow to master the basics, and impatient with details! 1) Climb to 2500 feet 2) When 17 DME from VNY VOR, turn LEFT to a heading of 210 3) Go to AirLeg 15 Yeah, 'ol Louis was pretty unorthodox and many a fast footwork saved his life! On one flight, he stated: The monoplane took off like an arrow. Very quickly, I was up to 25 meters. I was quite impressed with this height when all at once the motor stopped dead. The machine started straight down. Figuring I was lost, I got the idea of leaving my seat and throwing myself back toward the tail. This maneuver almost succeeded; the plane leveled out, lost speed and rather slowly crumpled to the ground. I was not hurt. The craft, as usual, was a wreck! AirLeg 7 1) Climb to 1500 feet

Aah, this is a great day to fly down south to John Wayne airport or Long Beach airport! It's just a hop, skip, and jump away, so no need to be at any higher altitude, plus the scenery is more awesome down low! Disneyland, that's where we 're going! 2) Go to AirLeg 39 AirLeg 8 You are not supposed to be at 3500 feet at your present position within LAX's Class B airspace without permission! You know that! Several profound sayings come to my mind at this point! 1. To err is human, but it still stinks! 2. Roses are red, violets are blue - grass is green, and you're in trouble! 3. When life's situations give you a lemon, throw it out! But this poem expresses it all in a semi-serious tone: 'Tis a lesson you should heed, Try, try again; If at first you don't succeed, Try, try again; Then your courage should appear, For, if you will persevere, You will conquer, never fear; Try, try again. AirLeg 9 Remember that winds are coming at you from 230 degrees, and they are dancing infatuously at 30 knots! So you know that holding a heading of 276 certainly isn't going to keep your CDI centered as you want! The first successful flight of the Wright brothers occurred when winds were barreling through at 27 knots. How's that for wind conditions for someone without a private pilot certificate? 1) When intercepting the LAX VOR 010 radial, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: DME from VNY VOR_______________________(30 pts) Heading to maintain track___________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(25 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(20 pts) VSI ____________________________________(15 pts) Name of the closest airport___________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards the Sepulveda Pass This'11 sort of slide us by Hollywood, won't it! I was reading the other day that Hollywood was chosen as the motion picture industry center because number one - its mild, dry climate. Number two - within 200 miles, movie makers can find almost every kind of scenic background to their hearts' delight! 13 MIKE was filmed in the battle sequences of TORA TORA TORA! 4) What was the name of the first seaplane? If your answer is Hydravion, go to AirLeg 22 If your answer is June Bug, go to AirLeg 90 If your answer is The Curtiss Flyer, go to AirLeg 75 AirLeg 10 The purpose of visual check points, such as the Four Stacks, is as a guide for improved visual navigation through VFR Flyways, VFR corridors, VFR transition routes, and Terminal Area VFR routes. Their features readily identify them. The name shown is that used by the controlling personnel, and may not always be the official name of the feature. 1) Proceed direct to FOUR STACKS 2) Go to AirLeg 41 AirLeg 11

1) When abeam Marina Del Rey, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading to maintain track_________________(45 pts) DME from VNY VOR_____________________(35 pts) DME from LAX VOR_____________________(35 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) Radial from LAX VOR____________________(25 pts) VSI _______________________________(15 pts)

What objects are down under your right wing? _______________________________(15 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation Even further to your right is what looks like another landing strip, but don't even think about it! If you look at your chart, you'11 see that it's displayed as a circle with an 'X' superimposed on it. That means it is an abandoned paved strip which is longer than 3000 feet, and to be used solely as a landmark. Now, it's not a landmark like the Grand Canyon, but you know, some people do get excited about something like an abandoned paved lonely strip! 3) Descend to 2500 feet 4) Who was the first person to fly coast to coast in America? If your answer is Charles Lindbergh, go to AirLeg 93 If your answer is Cal Rogers, go to AirLeg 33 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 56 AirLeg 12 1) Intercept and track outbound on the LAX VOR 090 radial That's Compton airport, isn't it? Look at that three letter designator for the airport on your Terminal Area chart. It's CPM. Now Compton is spelled C-O-M-P-T-O-N, where the M goes before the P. If I didn't know any better, I'd say the three letter designator should have been CMP! It's probably because some place else has those three letters, huh? Anyway, who cares?

2) Proceed directly overhead the airport off your nose 3) Go to AirLeg 66 AirLeg 13 1) When abeam the Santa Anita Racetrack, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR____________________(30 pts) DME from VNY VOR_____________________(30 pts) Altitude_______________________________(20 pts) VSI _______________________________(15 pts)

2) Press P to continue the simulation Here's a name many of you will be familiar with! A Russian inventor built and flew the first four-engine plane in 1913.His name was Igor I. Sikorsky. After World War I, he came to the United States. In 1923, he founded a company that produced flying boats and pioneered passenger routes in the Caribbean Sea and across the Pacific Ocean. A decade later, he turned to the design and building of helicopters. 3) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 090 degrees 4) In the summer of 1903, a revolutionary new airplane engine was developed by Professor Manly while working for Dr. Langley. What was the horsepower of this new engine? If your answer is 12 horsepower, go to AirLeg 50 If your answer is 25 horsepower, go to AirLeg 7 If your answer is 54 horsepower, go to AirLeg 74 AirLeg 14 If you 've ever read Dale Brown's book Hammerheads, then you 11 know what's about to happen to you! It is his novel idea on how to handle illegal drug flights into the United States by state of the art radar detection and tracking. Of course, Dirk Pitt in Inca Gold had the best idea! Just fly overhead,and drop a life raft into the blades below you!

ARGHH! Too late! You hear helicopter sirens behind you! As they get abeam of you,you notice a woman at the open side door holding up a placard which says YOU HAVE VIOLATED CLASS B AIRSPACE. TURN AROUND NOW! AirLeg 15 In Lindbergh's crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, his landfall, which occurred 28 hours after takeoff, was only three miles off course over the Irish coast! 1) When abeam Dodger Stadium, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR____________________(45 pts) DME from VNY VOR_____________________(40 pts) Radial from LAX VOR____________________(35 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_____________________(30 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) VSI _______________________________(15 pts)

What visual check point is coming on your LEFT? _______________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation Although the number of attempts increased steadily from Lindbergh's flight on, crossing the North Atlantic by aeroplane remained a hazardous venture until 1937, when the first experimental commercial services were flown by Lufthansa, Imperial Airways, and Pan American. 3) Who started the first aircraft factory in the United States? If your answer is the Wright Brothers, go to AirLeg 46 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 69 AirLeg 16 1) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 000

2) Record your: Altitude____________________________________(20 pts) VSI ____________________________________(20 pts)

3) Go to AirLeg 54 AirLeg 17 1) Turn towards the VETERANS HOSPITAL 2) Climb to 2000 feet In 1937, Amelia Earhart and a navigator, Fred Noonan, tried to fly around the world in a Lockheed aircraft. They started from Miami, Florida and hopped toSouth America, Africa, India, and Australia. On July 1, they left New Guinea to cross 2550 miles of open ocean to Howland Island in the mid-Pacific Ocean, where they vanished. That mystery still continues to this day. 3) When abeam VAN NUYS airport, go to AirLeg 40 AirLeg 18 1) Descend to 1000 feet Dr. Samuel P. Langley, in his day, around 1899 or so, was recognized as the country's leading authority on aviation. When the war with Spain developed, President McKinley asked Langley to build a flying machine to use as a weapon of war. Langley agreed, but wanted the project to be kept secret. To launch it, Langley usedhis houseboat on the Potomac River near Quantico, which had a steam catapult on top of it! On October 7, 1903, Langley's assistant, Charles Manly, climbed aboard this aerodrome. The Washington Post wrote: 'Manly looked down and smiled. His face hardened as he braced himself for the flight which might mean for him fame or death. Propellers were whirling a thousand times a minute a foot from his head. A man forward fired two skyrockets. A mechanic stooped and cut the cable holding the catapult; there was a roaring, grinding noise, and the Langley airplane went off into the Potomac River and disappeared.' Manly was unhurt, but very wet! 2) When abeam COMPTON airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________________________(35 pts)

Altitude__________________________________(30 pts) DME from LAX VOR________________________(25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR________________________(20 pts) Deck of Class B airspace at your location_________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Track inbound on the LAX VOR 076 radial To see how airport patterns are developed, see that tower symbol at 330feet northeast of runway 25 right's approach end? This is why all landing traffic isto be flown on the south side of the airport. That means right hand traffic patternfor runways 7 left and right, and left hand traffic pattern for runways 25 left and right. This airport does not allow touch and go practice. 5) What year did the first woman fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean? If your answer is 1928, go to AirLeg 36 If your answer is 1932, go to AirLeg 98 If your answer is 1927, go to AirLeg 109 AirLeg 19 Well, well! So you're gonna brave that feisty thirty knot wind off yourright nose, huh? Remember, ailerons into the wind full, and then slowly take it outas you approach rotation speed. Then expect to crab into that wind! You '11 see whatI mean in a second! Let's airienteer! 1) Takeoff straight out runway 19 2) What is an ornithopter? If your answer is a flying machine with flapping wings, go to AirLeg 62 If your answer is a flying machine with movable wings, go to AirLeg 81 If your answer is a birdlike flying machine, go to AirLeg3 AirLeg 20 1) Climb to 3500 feet

The first successful all metal airplane was produced by William B. Stout in 1924. It later led to the Ford Tri-motor passenger transport, which was given the nickname Tin Goose. It could befitted with a variety of powerplants around the 300 to 400 horsepower range. Many were built, until the Depression of the early 1930's forced Ford Company to cease. Believe it or not, Stout reintroduced the type for production in 1966, naming it the Bushmaster 2000! It was redesigned as a simple and cheap transport aircraft for use from small grass fields! 2) Go to AirLeg 8 AirLeg 21 1) Intercept the LAX VOR 046 radial, and track inbound 2) When abeam GARVEY RESERVOIR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading to maintain radial track_______________(40 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(35 pts) Altitude_________________________________(30 pts) VSI _________________________________(20 pts)

Victor airway you are on_____________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Go to AirLeg 65 AirLeg 22 1) Intercept and track outbound on the VNY VOR 140 radial Teddy Roosevelt almost became the first American President casualty in the air. In October 1910, one year after the end of his second term as President, Arch Hoxsey gave Teddy Roosevelt his first flight in a Wright brothers' airplane at the St. Louis air meet. Now, I wasn 't there to see this, but I hear tell that Teddy got so excited waving to the crowd below him that he darn near almost fell out of the airplane! 2) Go to AirLeg 30 But wait! Before you go there, I'm busting a gut to tell you this! Many cartoonists enjoyed drawing Teddy Roosevelt with his rimless glasses, prominent teeth, bushy mustache, and jutting jaw. One cartoon showed him with a bear cub. That was the start of a multimillion dollar

industry, where toymakers started producing stuffed animals, which today still hold on to the title of 'teddy bears'! Incredible! NOW go to AirLeg 30!! AirLeg 23 Harriet Quimby's Federation Aeronautique Internationale certificate number was 37, given to her at Mineola, New York on August 2, 1911. 1) Turn RIGHT toward the ROSE BOWL 2) Descend to 1500 feet Ruth Nichols was another famous female pilot who learned to fly in 1922. She was the first woman ever to hold three international records at one time for altitude, speed, and distance. 3) Go to AirLeg 27 AirLeg 24 Do keep in mind that when you are flying a track from one point to another, such as this Coliseum, that the straight line track from your Terminal Area chart must be adjusted to handle the complications of actual winds you are flying. For instance, if that anticipated course is 170 degrees, but winds are 230 at 30 knots, then you might want to crab to the right about 10 degrees in order to compensate for the winds trying to blow you left of your desired track to the Coliseum. This becomes very important when flying by way of pilotage and dead reckoning, relying upon landmarks along your route. 1) When over the COLISEUM, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(35 pts) Heading________________________________(35 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(15 pts) DME from SLI VOR________________________(15 pts) VSI __________________________________(10 pts)

Floor of Class B airspace you are in____________(10 pts)

Which Victor airway uses SMO VOR?___________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation You know, Louis Bleriot succeeded in his flight across the English Channel in 1909, but he might have failed had not a shower of rain cooled his overheating 25 horsepower Anzani engine enroute. Within two days after his achievement, Bleriot received orders for more than 100 similar aircraft! 3) Turn direct to LAX VOR 4) When was Charles A. Lindbergh's historic flight across the Atlantic? If your answer is in 1927, go to AirLeg 77 If your answer is in 1926, go to AirLeg 20 AirLeg 25 1) Intercept and track inbound on the LAX VOR 342 radial And to your left is the MGM Studios, with Santa Monica airport to your right, and behind you is the beautiful college haven of UCLA! Man, the Santa Monica Bay looks gorgeous with all those sailboats out there! Reminds me of the Chesapeake Bay in Annapolis. I really do miss that place, though the Southwest has grown on me! 2) Descend to 1000 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 94 AirLeg 26 To sober you up a bit, let me give you some pioneer pilot life span information: 1. Lieutenant Max Immelmann - 26 years old 2. Sir John Alcock - 27 years old 3. Amelia Earhart - 38 years old 4. Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge - 26 years old 5. Lincoln Beachey - 28 years old Anyway, sacrifices were made and the richness of aviation pioneer history certainly gives you an appreciation for the joys and abilities we have in this day and age of our times. Don't stop now!

There are four other ways to get to this place in scenario number 11 Besides, there's a lot more I have said that will tickle your innards and give you a merry heart! Line up for straight in runway 25 HAWTHORNE airport, and happy landings. AirLeg 27 Lieutenant Thomas E. Selfridge was an Army officer given the task of evaluating the military value of the Wright brothers' airplane. Unfortunately, while flying with Orville Wright on September 17, 1908, the plane crashed from 75 feet as the propeller broke. Orville was injured badly, and Selfridge became the first person killed in an airplane crash. 1) Track inbound on the VNY VOR 096 radial Do you see how the 095 degree radial from Van Nuys is the Victor 186 airway? A Victor airway does not exist until a minimum of 1200 feet AGL, and it goes up to, but does not include flight level 180. What is an airway called from flight 180 and upwards? If you don't know, look it up. If you're still stumped, I'll tell you at the AirLeg symbolized by the number of days it took to fly the first transcontinental flight! 2) Louis Bleriot (1872-1936) made the first: If your answer is flight across the English Channel, go to AirLeg 37 If your answer is international flight, go to AirLeg 9 If your answer is flight above 3000 feet, go to AirLeg 6 AirLeg 28 The first shipboard takeoff was made by Eugene Ely, who was a pilot for Glenn Curtiss. That occurred on November 14, 1910 at Hampton Roads, Virginia. The Naval cruiser Birmingham was the vessel. 1) Execute a clockwise arc, remaining at 15.0 DME from LAX VOR Now remember! Either read a ground speed ofO to help stay at 15 DME, or always head about 80 to 90 degrees off of the radial you're on or heading to. Then correct for winds as you see the drift of your DME indicator. 2) When crossing the LAX VOR 054 radial, descend to 2000 feet Taking off from a vessel wasn't good enough to satisfy the drive for firsts to Eugene Ely. So two months later, he made the first landing on a naval vessel, the USS Pennsylvania! His Curtiss

biplane was dragged to a halt by sandbags attached to each end of ropes stretched across the wooden flight deck, so that they were picked up by hooks under the aircraft's landing gear! Sounds like today's arrestor gear principle, and it is! 3) Go to AirLeg 88 AirLeg 29 1) Proceed to BERRI intersection 1910 was a big year for some firsts! Hubert Latham was the first to fly above 3000 feet. This was accomplished in an Antionette airplane. A Frenchman, Henri C. Farman made quite a few daring flights, one of which was the first night flight. He also had a good year in 1908 when he made the first circular flight of one kilometer in Europe on January 13. On October 30 that same year, he made the first cross country flight in an aeroplane from Chalons to Reims, which was a distance of 16 miles. 2) Climb to 2500 feet Do you see the dashed line wedge border north of BERRI intersection that says '48/35'? That is Class E airspace. According to the Airman's Information Manual, if the airspace is not Class A, Class B, Class C, or Class D, and it is controlled airspace, it is Class E airspace! In this case, it is more like an extension to the surface area adjacent to it, which is a Class C area. 3) Go to AirLeg 44 AirLeg 30 See that '27' with the four cornered brackets close by the Twin Hi-rise visual check point? That always shows the ceiling of the Class D airspace. To be perfectly honest, I still get all messed up remembering what these new Class dah-dah airspaces really are! I teach VFR navigation, and I have to ask my students, 'What did I say Class D airspace is?' Anyway, it used to be called the airport traffic area, which goes from the surface to 2500 feet AGL at individually tailored radii. Since Santa Monica airport's elevation is 175 feet, that's why the symbol on the Terminal Area chart says '27', for 2700 feet. Cool, huh?!! 1) Climb to 3500 feet The first aircraft factory in the United States began under the supervisory eyes of Glenn Curtiss, where he built and sold his first airplane for profit. He kind of stole the control surface idea from the Wright brothers, and they didn't like that, so they sued Curtiss for patent infringement. After four years, they actually won the suit! 2) Harriet Quimby was the: If your answer is first woman to fly across the English Channel, go

to AirLeg 53 If your answer is first female pilot in America, go to AirLeg 11 If your answer is first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean, go to AirLeg 76 AirLeg 31 You notice a heavy black flow of oil is gushing from your oil cap on the nose. The engine is heating up and you are in big trouble! Paul Cornu's helicopter was the first to make a free flight carrying a pilot on November 13, 1907. It was powered by an Antoinette engine. On its first flight, it rose about 1 foot, and then climbed to 5 feet with both Cornu and his brother on board! Unfortunately, he lacked the money to continue with his experiments. Back to the drawing board! AirLeg 32 This airport has been closed for the past two days due to painting the runways pink with green centerline stripes! You would not want that on your tires, would you? I think we ought to put this kind of an idea before a Congressional board for consideration! It certainly wouldn't be hard to find an airport! It 'd give you a feeling of landing in a bubble bath, and might relax some pilots into flaring properly! AirLeg 33 1) Upon crossing the LAX VOR 076 radial, turn RIGHT to a heading of 190 Kind of leaves a pit in my stomach to leave the womb of the Los Angeles VFR corridor. Doesn't it do that to you too? But the floor of the airspace we're heading to is 5000 feet, so your rock solid 2500 foot altitude puts us well below the lower limits of the Class B airspace. The beginning of controlled airways had its roots in the Post Office airmail pilots era. The Post Office built a lighted airway between Cheyenne, Wyoming and Chicago in the first half of 1923. Then in August of that year, a regular service was flown from New York to San Francisco for a four day period, using this lighted airway during the night portion of the flight! It's an idea that caught on, and has given us airways as we know them now - but we have all the fancy radar navigation stuff to aid us today! If those early pilots saw us today, they 'd call us wimps! 2) Go to AirLeg 4 AirLeg 34 1) Turn RIGHT towards COMPTON airport

The first real World War I fighter scouts were Morane-Saulnier monoplanes and Sopwith Tabloids. They were fitted with machine guns which fired through their propeller arc, an invention by Roland Garros, a French pilot! This was the origin of the new word 'ricochet'! Actually, metal plates on the propellers deflected bullets that would otherwise have damaged the blades - let alone the pilots! 2) When abeam the HOSPITAL, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(40 pts) Altitude_________________________________(35 pts) VSI _________________________________(30 pts)

Radial from LAX VOR______________________(20 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation Anthony Fokker copied and improved [smart guy!] Garros' machine gun principle! He designed proper interrupter gear. What this did was time the bullets to pass between the blades. It's kind of like the freeway entrance ramps in Los Angeles, with the red light stop, green light go method of entry! 4) Go to AirLeg 20 AirLeg 35 1) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 230 The Wright brothers didn't just jump into the scene of powered aircraft flight. Not until they had developed new wing sections with the help of their primitive wind tunnel, and made more than a thousand flights with their 1901 and 1902 gliders, successfully setting up several distance records, did they then attempt to build a powered aircraft! 2) Climb to 2500 feet 3) When 15.0 DME from LAX VOR, press P to pause simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(35 pts)

Radial from LAX VOR______________________(30 pts) VSI _________________________________(25 pts)

Heading________________________________(15 pts) What visual check point did you pass on your left? _________________________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation Wilbur and Orville realized that the first essentials were to achieve stability and control. So they first tested their ideas with pilotless gliders which they flew as kites. 5) What year was the first transatlantic crossing by plane? If your answer is 1920, go to AirLeg 2 If your answer is 1919, go to AirLeg 55 AirLeg 36 1) When 10.5 DME from LAX VOR, descend to 500 feet Now don't get too excited! This doesn't necessarily mean you're getting ready to land! Remember, Professor Miller and I are conniving dirty rotten scoundrels and we're just baiting you to anticipate a 'Maybe this is it!' Well, maybe it is! But what do you think the chances of that are, honestly? 2) Who built the engine for the first Wright Flyer? If your answer is Orville & Wilbur Wright, go to AirLeg 114 If your answer is Charles Taylor, go to AirLeg 26 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 106 AirLeg 37 1) When intercepting airway V459, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from VNY VOR_______________________(30 pts)

Heading to maintain track___________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from LAX VOR______________________(25 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(15 pts)

Name of intersection you are close to___________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation See the heavy curvy dashed lines arcing away from Burbank airport north and south? Those are IFR departure routes. The Victor airway you're on now has an airplane superimposed on its shading. That signifies IFR arrival routes. So these are areas where you must keep your eyes wide open and alert, just in case you missed something spoken to you over your radio. 3) When did the Wright brothers make their historic first powered flight? If your answer is December 23,1903, go to AirLeg 29 If your answer is December 7,1903, go to AirLeg 10 If your answer is December 17,1903, go to AirLeg 57 AirLeg 38 The first Englishman to fly the English Channel and to complete a two-way crossing was Charles Rolls. He made the return flight, without landing in France, in a French built Wright on June 2, 1910. Next month he was killed, but his name lived on in the great Rolls-Royce Engineering company he had formed with Sir Henry Royce. 1) When intercepting the LAX VOR 046 radial, turn RIGHT heading 030 2) Go to AirLeg 42 AirLeg 39 You know, I have this bad feeling that something's going to happen that won't be what you would call a blessing. Oh my gosh! Man overboard drill! Quarantine the area! Call in the calvary! Round up the doggies! Get some ice cubes! All of a sudden your left wing is on fire. You successfully put it out by performing a split S inverted dive, but unfortunately you ripped off your wings!

AirLeg 40 1) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 058 You can't tell from your chart in this book, but on a pretty colored Terminal area chart, you'd see that you are transitioning through a magenta colored Class C airspace. Its vertical limits are usually from the surface to 4000 feet AGLfor a 5 nautical mile radius, called the inner area. Since Burbank airport is 775 feet in elevation, that's why the ceiling is shown as '48' or 4800 feet. As long as you have two way radio communications occurring between you and the tower, with their approval, you 're hunkey-dory! 2) When over the GRAVEL PITS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR______________________(30 pts) DME from VNY VOR_______________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) Frequency of control tower at Burbank__________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn RIGHT onto airway V459 5) What did James A. D. McCurdy do in August 1910? If your answer is sent the first radio messages from an airplane, go to AirLeg 29 If your answer is made the first shipboard takeoff, go to AirLeg 10 If your answer is made the first airplane flight in France, go to AirLeg 63 AirLeg 41 1) Climb to 2500 feet

Alexander Graham Bell not only worked on telephones, but he also designed the Cygnett II, which was built by the Aerial Experiment Association. It's a fairly bizarre picture of a gigantic honeycomb! But it was able to fly before crashing on frozen Lake Keuka, in New York State in 1909! 2) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 020 Free of charge, it doesn 't cost you anything - but Alexander Graham Bell helped organize the National Geographic Society! Also for thirty years, he directed breeding experiments trying to develop a strain of sheep that would bear more than one lamb at a time. Did it ever work? I don't know! Write me at The Instructor, 2224 Katahn Drive, Prescott, Arizona, 86301! 3) Go to AirLeg 67 AirLeg 42 By 1905, and after many additional trial runs with the modified Flyer III, there still was a lack of serious attention by the press. And this was even after Wilbur's latest record flight of 38 minutes, covering over 24 miles! Reporters were invited to witness the first trials, but bad weather and engine troubles prevented flights, and they departed, convinced it was all a waste of time! 1) Intercept the SLIVOR 346 radial and track inbound 2) Descend to 800 feet This was a time when some authorities were still asserting that mechanical flight was impossible! Amazingly enough, there are stories that local farmers became so used to the sound of a Flyer passing overhead, that they didn't even bother to look up! 3) Go to AirLeg 71 AirLeg 43 1) When 9.0 DME from SLI VOR, turn LEFT to a heading of 355 Back in my Naval Academy days, I worked with another individual on an Aerospace Engineering project for a semester. We designed, built, and wind tunnel tested a hang glider shaped like a covered wagon! What's astounding is that of all the designs, it had the greatest lift capability. But it was impractical because of the monstrous drag that resulted. Well, they were just as radical in the early days of airplane building. The Givaudan had drum shaped wings! The Safety had looped wings! The Edward had rhomboidal wings. I don't know if they ever got off the ground, but they 're certainly examples of dedication and commitment to solve the problems of flight, wouldn 'tyou say? 2) Descend to 1500 feet

3) The first airplane flew in Europe in: If your answer is 1903, go to AirLeg 113 If your answer is 1904, go to AirLeg 99 If your answer is 1906, go to AirLeg 18 AirLeg 44 1) Over BERRI intersection, turn towards DEVIL'S GATE RESERVOIR 2) When abeam the 1887 foot lookout tower, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR______________________(35 pts) DME from VNY VOR_______________________(30 pts) Heading_________________________________(25 pts) Altitude__________________________________(20 pts) VSI __________________________________(10 pts)

3) Press P to continue the simulation In 1904, the Wright brothers made 105 flights, but totaled only 45 minutes in the air. Two flights lasted 5 minutes apiece. Another major breakthrough appeared for them when on October 5, 1905, the machine flew 24.2 miles in 38 minutes and 3 seconds! 4) Go to AirLeg 23 AirLeg 45 The United States World Cruise in 1924, the first around the world flight, consisted of four Army pilots hand picked as the best! The airplanes were Douglas World Cruisers, conceived especially for this flight only, and each pilot would serve each plane as both mechanic and copilot! The four planes were named for American cities at the four main points of the compass Chicago, New Orleans, Boston, and Seattle. 1) When overhead SHEPHERD field, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

Radial from LAX VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(20 pts) DME from VNY VOR_______________________(20 pts) Distance to the Colleges in Pasadena__________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn LEFT towards GARVEY RESERVOIR The New Orleans was christened with water from the Mississippi River. The Boston was splashed with water from Boston Harbor. The Seattle with water from Lake Washington. And the Chicago with water from Lake Michigan! Cute, huh?! 4) What year did the first coast to coast flight in America take place? If your answer is 1911, go to AirLeg 87 If your answer is 1906, go to AirLeg 92 If your answer is 1921, go to AirLeg 79 AirLeg 46 Suddenly, your RPMs cycle from high to low, low to high, back and forth! Also, your gear lights flash on and off, and you hear Spanish talk over your radio. BIZARRO! You had better get on the ground! And fast! AirLeg 47 The toss of a coin is many times the best way to decide who gets to do what's burning on one's heart! On the Wright brothers' first try with their Flyer, they agreed to toss a coin to see who 'd make the first try. Wilbur won, got off the ground for two and a half seconds with some resultant minor damage! After a pow-wow, they decided that couldn't count. So three days later after repairs were complete, Orville got his turn! And that was it!! 1) Turn LEFT towards GRIFFITH PARK OBSERVATORY 2) When overhead the observatory, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: DME from LAX VOR_______________________(45 pts) Radial from VNY VOR______________________(40 pts) Altitude_________________________________(35 pts) VSI _________________________________(25 pts)

Length of longest runway at Burbank-Glendale-Pasadena airport __________________________________(10 pts) Name of closest intersection north northeast of you __________________________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Descend to 2000 feet That first successful flight was for 12 seconds. The brothers then took turns the rest of that day with three additional flights! Wilbur ended up with the greatest record at just under one minute for an impressive distance of 852 feet! And I'm not saying that facetiously - it was a big deal, and still boggles the mind how historic those moments must have been to those two! 5) Who is known as the father of naval aviation? If your answer is Wilbur Wright, go to AirLeg 10 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 64 If your answer is Samuel Langley, go to AirLeg 5 AirLeg 48 1) When abeam the 786 foot grouped twin towers on your right, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(40 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(30 pts)

DME from SLI VOR________________________(25 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(15 pts)

Heading_________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue simulation / have sat in the cockpit of the Navy's F14 Tomcat and seen the swept wings move, but it was never referred to, in my presence, as an ornithopter. 3) Go to AirLeg 7 AirLeg 49 1) Climb to 3000 feet In Amelia Earhart's solo across the Atlantic, she took off from Harbour Grace, Newfoundland, and landed near Londonderry, Ireland. Not only was she the first woman to solo across the Atlantic, but she was also the first woman to cross the Atlantic by air. Prior to her solo, she flew as a passenger on a flight from Trepassey Bay, Newfoundland, to Burry Port, Wales. 2) When 3.0 DME from VNY VOR, turn LEFT towards CHATY intersection Amelia was also the first woman to receive the Distinguished Flying Cross, which was awarded to her by the United States Congress. Back to the transatlantic flights, Newfoundland lies nearer Europe than any other part of North America except Greenland. That's why it became an important starting and stopping point for airplanes traveling across the Atlantic Ocean - that is until the range of airplanes improved. 3) Go to AirLeg 7 AirLeg 50 Black smoke begins to fill your cockpit, as sparks shoot out from the instrument panel! Now, at times, smoke can be helpful, like when you want to preserve meat! I remember coming back from a survival training program at Eglin Air Force Base where I had learned to smoke beef. I got home and like a big shot, wanted to show my friends how much I learned! So in the back yard, I set up a teepee kind of affair with parachute fabric, and quite professionally hung strips of beef on wires inside and set up an interior smoker with charcoal. A few hours later when I checked up on it, the whole daggone thing had burned down! Anyway, smoke is good for producing colored military signals, and protecting orchards from freezing! But this is not good smoke you're seeing here, so I suggest you dial 911 and talk to William Shatner!

AirLeg 51 1) Turn LEFT towards FULLERTON airport The 1925 Donald MacMillan Greenland Expedition was one of the first to use airplanes in the Far North. Admiral Richard E. Byrd was with this expedition, as well as Floyd Bennett. The airplane they flew was a Loening Amphibian. MacMillan made the discovery of coal deposits 9 degrees from the North Pole, which contained remains of 36 kinds of trees, showing that the climate there had once been milder. 2) When abeam the outdoor theater, turn RIGHT to a heading of 254 3) Charles A. Lindbergh flew a record solo flight from San Diego to New York in: If your answer is 21 hours and 20 minutes, go to AirLeg 72 If your answer is 16 hours and 35 minutes, go to AirLeg 59 AirLeg 52 1) Climb to 4500 feet 2) When 12.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn LEFT towards SIGNAL HILL 3) Go to AirLeg 31 AirLeg 53 The United States' first Master's degree in Aeronautics was given in 1910 to Grover Loening. After assisting Orville Wright in Dayton, Ohio for four years, he formed his own company and built seaplanes for the United States Navy. 1) When abeam MARINA DEL REY, descend to 2500 feet 2) Turn LEFT to a heading of 076 3) Intercept and track outbound on the LAX VOR 046 radial Boy! Look at the wealth of visual check points along this airway V264! Hollywood Park - the Coliseum - City Hall - Garvey Reservoir. At AMTRA intersection, V264 takes a jog to the right and goes inbound on the Pomona VOR 251 radial. You know, if you're flying this area, predominantly using Victor airways or radials, then an IFR low altitude enroute chart would be quite handy, like the ones we used in IFR Flights of 13MIKE. 4) When abeam CITY HALL, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Heading to maintain track________________(45 pts) DME from SLI VOR____________________(35 pts) Altitude______________________________(35 pts) VSI ______________________________(25 pts)

Radial from VNY VOR___________________(25 pts) Remaining distance along airway V264 to POM VOR ______________________________(15 pts) Magnetic course to SHEPHERD FIELD______(15 pts) 5) Press P to continue the simulation 6) What year did the first seaplane fly? If your answer is 1903, go to AirLeg 84 If your answer is 1921, go to AirLeg 47 If your answer is 1910, go to AirLeg 28 AirLeg 54 You realize that once again, there's El Monte airport. So with misgivings of an error in your history knowledge, you decide to land. AirLeg 55 1) Descend to 2000 feet The United States had its first military airship in 1905. It started when, in 1902, Glenn Curtiss began helping Tom Baldwin, who was a balloonist, to produce a powered dirigible for the United States Army. 2) Go to AirLeg 14 AirLeg 56 1) Upon crossing the LAX VOR 076 radial, turn RIGHT to a heading of 240

In 1910, a Wright airplane flew 70 pounds of silk from Dayton to Columbus, Ohio. This may be perhaps the first airfreight shipment in history! 2) Maintain course until intercepting the Shoreline Route and proceed northbound 3) What year did Charles A. Lindbergh set a record for flying solo from San Diego to New York? If your answer is 1926, go to AirLeg 78 If your answer is 1927, go to AirLeg 73 AirLeg 57 Being the etymological connoisseur, or aesthete, as I'm sure you've already noticed as being one of my finer traits - Okay, it means I can step through as much cow poop as anybody else can! I thought it would intrigue you to know where the word 'aviator' comes from. We stole it from the French word aviateur, who themselves ripped it off from the Latins (is that what they're called?) whose word for 'bird' is avis. Of course, it is not well known that in actuality, everybody hocked it from the Italians, who when they first heard of the concept of flying, threw up their hands and exclaimed 'Ave!' in total disbelief. 1) Turn towards the Los Angeles COLISEUM 2) Climb to 2500 feet Louis Bleriot flew across the English Channel from France to England in 37 minutes on July 25, 1909. He then became a prominent airplane manufacturer in France. He is credited with first building monoplanes with the engine in the front, a stabilizing tail at the rear, and controls attached to a stick for the pilot. 3) Go to AirLeg 24 AirLeg 58 1) When abeam the SANTA ANITA RACETRACK, turn RIGHT to a heading of 150 2) Descend to 3500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 54 AirLeg 59 1) Turn LEFT direct to LONG BEACH airport 2) Descend to 1000 feet

The control system of the Wright Flyer was the brain feature of their airplane. Its main feature was a device for twisting the wing tips to preserve balance in flight. It consisted of a wire strung from each wing tip to a cradle that fitted around the pilot's hips. As the pilot would move his hips, he or she could twist one wing tip or the other, in order to maintain the plane's balance and control while in flight! 3) Go to AirLeg 32 AirLeg 60 Hey, what happened! That plane just came out of nowhere and you came within a whisker's width of impact! Nerves a 'jangling, you realize that you are at the wrong place at the wrong time, because of an earlier wrong Pioneer answer! AirLeg 61 1) Turn LEFT and go outbound on airway V210 from LAX VOR 2) When 20.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn LEFT towards SHEPHERD field 3) Go to AirLeg 45 AirLeg 62 1) Continue straight out, maintaining runway centerline 2) Climb to 1500 feet 3) When at altitude, record your: GEAR__________________________________(10 pts) FLAPS_________________________________(10 pts) 4) Who was the first person to build monoplanes with the engine in the front, a stabilizing tail at the rear, and controls attached to a stick for the pilot? If your answer is Louis Bleriot, go to AirLeg 83 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 35 AirLeg 63 As dynamic as Charles Lindbergh's flight was across the Atlantic, there were some less publicized, but more significant crossings made by men like Jean Mermoz of France. By opening

a mail service across the great oceans, they paved the way for the passenger airliners that were to follow. 1) When at BERRI intersection, turn LEFT towards the golf course northwest of the ROSE BOWL 2) Climb to 3000 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 50 AirLeg 64 Glenn Curtiss flew a modified version of Samuel Langley's aerodrome at Hammondsport, New York, eight years after Langley's death. The United States Navy named its first aircraft carrier in honor of Langley. It was sunk in the Java Sea early in 1942. 1) Turn LEFT and proceed towards HOLLYWOOD HILLS 2) When crossing the LAX VOR 000 radial, record your: Altitude_________________________________ (30 pts) VSI __________________________________ (25 pts)

World War II saw a second aircraft carrier named Langley. Langley Air Force Base in Virginia is also named after him. The Hoover vacuum cleaner was named after J. Edgar Hoover's 'under the rug' espionage techniques! California was named after me by an individual who had some spelling difficulties! Miller beer was named in honor of - that's right! Professor Miller! 3) Go to AirLeg 22 AirLeg 65 When Alcock and Brown flew across the Atlantic Ocean, they nailed a rusty horseshoe to their cockpit floor for good luck! Their mascots, on this Atlantic flight, were two toy stuffed cats named Lucky Jim and Twinkletoe! 1) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 270 2) Climb to 3500 feet Lucky Jim was lashed to a wing strut, while Twinkletoe rode tucked into Brown's flying suit! 3) Go to AirLeg 5

AirLeg 66 France and the United States were lively competitors for flying records in the early 1920's. In October 1922, General William Mitchell of the United States flew 222.9 miles per hour to capture the world speed record from France. Now France had held that record since World War I! Four months later, Sadi Lecointe won it back for the French, then lost it again a year later to Lieutenant Russell Maughn of the United States! He flew at 236.5 miles per hour! 1) Circle clockwise overhead the field 2) Descend to 1000 feet for a RIGHT downwind to runway 7R In 1924 also, that same Lieutenant Maughn raced the sun from New York to San Francisco, to prove that Army planes based anywhere in the United States could reach any of its borders in one day! Starting from Long Island at sunrise, Maughn touched down in San Francisco 17 hours later, one minute before the sun officially set! 3) Go to AirLeg 32 AirLeg 67 THWAACK! Those mountains hurt! Poor you! Poor 13MIKE! Reminds me of the cartoon where Wile E. Coyote inadvertently catapults himself through the air, after disgustedly failing to nab the Roadrunner! As he's soaring through the air, he nears this mountain and with a grin on his face, realizes that he'll clear its peak! The next moment, the mountain shrugs upwards with a huge smile, and Wile E. gets this sick look on his face just before he impacts the cliff side with all four paws extended outwards! AirLeg 68 1) Track outbound on the LAX VOR 046 radial 2) Climb to 2500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 28 AirLeg 69 All early attempts to build ornithopters that carry people have failed, because materials that are light enough and strong enough had not been developed. By the way, the English philosopher Roger Bacon suggested the idea of the ornithopter about the year 1250! 1) Turn RIGHT towards HOLLYWOOD HILLS 2) When 9.5 DME from VNY VOR, go to AirLeg 39

AirLeg 68 1) Track outbound on the LAX VOR 046 radial 2) Climb to 2500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 28 AirLeg 69 All early attempts to build ornithopters that carry people have failed, because materials that are light enough and strong enough had not been developed. By the way, the English philosopher Roger Bacon suggested the idea of the ornithopter about the year 1250! 1) Turn RIGHT towards HOLLYWOOD HILLS 2) When 9.5 DME from VNY VOR, go to AirLeg 39 AirLeg 70 1) Once the airport is in sight, enter a LEFT downwind for runway 7L 2) Descend to 800 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 32 AirLeg 71 1) Turn direct to the center of the airport on your LEFT You were so impressed with El Monte airport, that you just had to have a picture from the air of its beautiful runway appearance, didn't you? Well, no harm done! Perseverance drove the early airplane pioneers also! 2) Track along the runway centerline, southwards 3) When overhead the runway end, time for 20 seconds 4) Go to AirLeg 3 AirLeg 72 1) Descend to 1500 feet France was the first country to establish any kind of aeroplane industry. The Voisin brothers started it all out by laying down an assembly line of box-kite biplanes for anyone with enough

money and courage to buy them! Sporting flyers also bought Antoinette and Bleriot monoplanes. 2) When crossing the San Gabriel River, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SLIVOR_______________________(35 pts) DME from SLI VOR________________________(25 pts) Heading_________________________________(20 pts) VSI ____________________________________(15 pts) DME from VNY VOR_______________________(10 pts) The LAX Class B boundary segment north of you uses which VOR as its reference?_________________(10 pts) What river is west of you?____________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) When 15.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn RIGHT towards the Hospital This will change your life! The word 'hospital' comes from the Latin word hospitalis, which means a house or institution for guests. The oldest hospital still in existence is the one you're flying towards! It was founded during the A.D. 600's by a prehistoric Navajo Indian who accidentally fell on a Neanderthal arrowhead! OKAY, only kidding! But the oldest hospital still up and running is the Hotel Dieu in Paris, and it was founded in the 600's! 5) Go to AirLeg 91 AirLeg 73 1) When abeam a point between the two sets of parallel runways, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading along the Shoreline Route___________(35 pts) Altitude________________________________(30 pts)

VSI ___________________________________(20 pts) Distance to Santa Monica airport_____________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Maintain one half to one mile offshore until intercepting the LAX VOR 306 radial 4) Turn towards the CENTURY CITY complex 5) Go to AirLeg 22 AirLeg 74 When overhead Santa Fe Flood Control Basin, your engine sputters, coughs, gasps, chokes, and becomes unnervingly quiet! Didn't Simon and Garfunkel sing a song entitled 'Sound of Silence'? Maybe you should be reading a library book, since it's so quiet! Check around a bowling plaza, which is one of the quietest sports in the world. It's so quiet, you can hear a pin drop! And isn't the Rock-a-Bye Baby song cruel? The kid just about falls asleep, and when the bough breaks and the cradle falls, he's shocked awake in a state of paranoiac panic! AirLeg 75 1) When abeam the grouped 1110 foot buildings, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LAX VOR_______________________(35 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(35 pts) Distance from Santa Monica airport____________(20 pts) VSI ___________________________________(15 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Climb to 3500 feet 4) Go to AirLeg 92 AirLeg 76

After Wilbur Wright died of typhoid fever on May 30, 1912, Orville worked on alone. In 1913, Orville won the Collier Trophy for a device to balance airplanes automatically. In 1915, he sold his interest in the Wright Company and retired. 1) Intercept and track inbound on the LAX VOR 010 radial 2) When 4.0 DME from LAX VOR, descend to 2500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 55 AirLeg 77 In 1919, Raymond Orteig who was a New York City hotel owner, offered $25,000 to the first aviator to fly nonstop from New York to Paris! Many pilots were killed trying to win that prize. It was not until Lindbergh, financed by a group of nine St. Louis businessmen, accomplished what no one had done before. His special plane was designed and manufactured by the Ryan Aeronautical Company of San Diego. 1) Intercept and track outbound on the VNY VOR 140 radial 2) Climb to 3500 feet Before his transatlantic flight, Lindbergh flight tested the Spirit of St. Louis by flying from San Diego to New York City with a stop in St. Louis. It set a transcontinental record of 20 hours and 21 minutes! 3) How far did the Wright Flyer fly on its maiden voyage? If your answer is 100 feet, go to AirLeg 12 If your answer is 120 feet, go to AirLeg 33 If your answer is 230 feet, go to AirLeg 52 AirLeg 78 One day, I'm going to write a work of fiction that will stun civilization as we know it today into a Novocain style of senselessness! There will be a majestic hush of piercing attention to the book - very similar to what you're experiencing right at this very moment! Well, because of your questionable response to Lindbergh's 1926 flight: Whoa!! An offshore breeze (BIG BREEZE) slams into you, and your airplane's nose violently pitches up! You stall, you spin, you bail out! Your chute opens, but it's a streamer! You bicycle frantically as the ground gets closer fast! Miraculously, you grab onto a passing hang glider (who jumped from where?) and you are rescued.

(Believe it or not!) AirLeg 79 1) When 18.0 DME from LAX VOR, climb to 4500 feet 2) Turn RIGHT towards the Pasadena Colleges 3) Go to AirLeg 58 AirLeg 80 Leon Delagrange, who was one of the great Voisin pilots, carried Madame Theresa Peltier, the first ever woman passenger, on July 8, 1908! 1) When 9.5 DME from LAX VOR, turn LEFT toward COMPTON airport 2) Go to AirLeg 70 AirLeg 81 1) At 500 feet AGL, turn LEFT crosswind 2) Climb to 1500 feet 3) Who originated the term Aviation? If your answer is the British, go to AirLeg 31 If your answer is the Americans, go to AirLeg 60 If your answer is the French, go to AirLeg 48 AirLeg 82 Otto Lilienthal was credited to be the first to use curved, rather than flat wings. He recognized that nature utilized the advantage of the curved wing in the vegetable kingdom, by giving seeds of certain plants little curved wings which enabled them to be picked up by the wind and fly along to a fertile spot! 1) Turn LEFT towards the stacks between Redondo Beach and Hermosa Beach 2) When overhead the stacks, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

DME from LAX VOR________________________(40 pts) Radial from SLI VOR________________________(35 pts) Altitude__________________________________(20 pts) Heading__________________________________(15 pts) Name of closest airway intersection_____________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation Lilienthal relied on movements of his body in the air, by swaying fore and aft and to each side, to control the aircraft's flight. On August 9, 1896, he lost control, crashed and died soon afterwards. Just prior to this tragedy, he was about to fit an engine to one of his gliders. It's possible he would have become the first to fly a powered aeroplane. But the Americans got that distinction. 4) The first coast to coast flight in America took how many days? If your answer is 84 days, go to AirLeg 101 If your answer is 14 days, go to AirLeg 96 If your answer is 30 days, go to AirLeg 107 AirLeg 83 1) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 320 2) Who won the very first aviation prize to be offered in the United States? If your answer is Orville Wright, go to AirLeg 16 If your answer is Glenn Curtiss, go to AirLeg 27 If your answer is Samuel Langley, go to AirLeg 94 AirLeg 84 Hey, maybe we 're heading back to El Monte airport! Or maybe this is a cruel and vicious streak of pleasure that Miller and I are exhibiting, as you continually wonder and guess where we 're going to drop you off at! As long as you 're patrolling the Victor 264 airway as you are, 2500 feet is fine for your position in Los Angeles' Class B airspace, isn't it? The next layer of airways from flight level 180 upwards are called jet routes. You'll experience those

superhighways in our fourth 13MIKE book! Ooh, look at the backed up traffic on the interchange ahead of you! Makes one glad there be airplanes! 1) Turn RIGHT towards GARVEY RESERVOIR 2) When 17.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn towards AMTRA intersection You should always takeoff into the wind, right? Storks helped to contribute a knowledge of that necessity! When Otto Lilienthal, the father of glider experiments was a little boy in the 1860 's, he used to chase storks in a meadow near home. He noticed that when they were scared as shippoo-pee (Music Man!), they 'd take off towards him and his brother, and then when they were off the ground, they would turn and fly away with the wind! They remembered this incident after they constructed model airplanes in their teens and tried to fly them in calm air. Turning them into the wind when it blew got the models off the ground easily. 3) Descend to 1500 feet 4) Go to AirLeg 27 AirLeg 85 1) Turn RIGHT towards the closest outdoor theater 2) When 12.0 DME from LAX VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR________________(45 pts) DME from SLI VOR__________________(40 pts) Which river is East of you?_____________(15 pts) Altitude____________________________(15 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Go to AirLeg 95 AirLeg 86 You encounter clear air turbulence, a microburst, and a lost Arizona dust devil in one fell swoop! You drop like a rock and manage to plunk down on top of a twin hi-rise complex! For those of you non-desert dwellers, who miss out on the beauty and sights of horny toads, lizards, antelope loose on the prairie, roadrunners, cactus, virga precipitation - let me educate

you about dust devils! When a layer of air near the ground becomes overheated, it can rise and become a whirling column of air. Deserts see these mostly because the sun heats the air near the dry ground to a high temperature. It's easily seen and felt at my house in Prescott because it can carry sand and dust 1,000 feet or more above the earth! AirLeg 87 1) When intercepting the LAX VOR 054 radial, go direct to LAX VOR 2) When 10.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn RIGHT to a heading of 320 3) Go to AirLeg 68 AirLeg 88 Two years before Lindbergh flew his New York to Paris feat, Jose Navarro proposed an airliner whose wingspan would be 185 feet, requiring a 38 man crew, nine engines, a bar on each of several decks, separate dining rooms, sleeping compartments, and electric kitchens! Here was a man well ahead of the times! 1) Continue arcing until crossing airway V210 I know you're too busy flying this simulator, but just to give you a warning, some questions are coming up regarding altitude and heading and DME that you might want to stay sharp on!!!!! Ready, set, here you go! 2) Press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(20 pts) DME from LAX VOR________________________(15 pts) Altitude__________________________________(15 pts) DME from VNY VOR________________________(15 pts) Name of river southeast of you_________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation

Navarro's proposed airliner was to carry 150 passengers. It was conceived that it would run the New York to London route, with refueling stops at Newfoundland and Iceland, in only one day! 4) Who was/were the first person(s) to fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean? If your answer is Charles Lindbergh, go to AirLeg 61 If your answer is Albert Read, go to AirLeg 34 If your answer is Alcock & Whitten-Brown, go to AirLeg 51 AirLeg 89 1) Turn LEFT towards the 310 foot group obstruction 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) When crossing the VFR Corridor for LAX's Class B airspace, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SLI VOR______________________(45 pts) DME from LAX VOR_____________________(40 pts) DME from VNY VOR_____________________(35 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) Victor airway North of you__________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Go to AirLeg 59 AirLeg 90 1) Track inbound on the VNY VOR 140 radial 2) When intercepting the LAX VOR 342 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LAX VOR ____________________(40 pts)

DME from VNY VOR_____________________(35 pts) Heading ______________________________(25 pts) Distance from Burbank airport______________(25 pts) Altitude _______________________________(20 pts) VSI _______________________________(15 pts)

What four visual check points surround you? ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________(15 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) When did Amelia Earhart fly solo across the Atlantic? If your answer is 1932, go to AirLeg 17 If your answer is 1928, go to AirLeg 49 AirLeg 91 One of the most outstanding French airplane experimenters before the Wright brothers was a gent named Alphonse Penaud. One of the many models he built was powered by a rubber band! Silly, huh? Then how come it flew 131 feet back in 1872? 1) Intercept and track inbound on the LAX VOR 076 radial 2) Descend to 1000 feet Jacqueline Cochran was the only woman in the McRobertson London-Melbourne Race in 1934. She won the Bendix Transcontinental Race in 1938, competing against nine male fliers! In 1945, she became the first civilian woman to receive the Distinguished Service Medal. In 1971, she was elected to the National Aviation Hall of Fame. Quite a lifetime, I'd say, wouldn't you? 3) Who became the first woman airline pilot? If your answer is Ruth Nichols, go to AirLeg 26

If your answer is Amelia Earhart, go to AirLeg 80 If your answer is Jacqueline Cochran, go to AirLeg 46 AirLeg 92 The Wright Flyer did not use conventional wheels for its initial flights. It took off on a small trolley fitted with two adapted bicycle wheel hubs, running on a wooden rail. To maneuver the aircraft on the ground, they used two small wheeled trolleys placed under each wing. 1) Turn LEFT and proceed direct to LAX VOR 2) When 9.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn RIGHT towards MARINA DEL REY The first seaplane able to out perform most contemporary landplanes was the Sopwith Schneider. Powered by a 100 horsepower Gnome engine, it won the contest for the important Schneider Trophy in 1914, at a speed of 86.78 miles per hour! 3) What year did the first woman fly faster than the speed of sound? If your answer is 1950, go to AirLeg 86 If your answer is 1953, go to AirLeg 25 AirLeg 93 Blanche Stuart Scott was the first American woman to make a solo flight. She got into aviation in 1910 by the odd route of driving an Overland car from New York to San Francisco, which purpose was to demonstrate that long distance motoring was so easy even a woman could do it! Impressed by the publicity she received, the manager of the Curtiss exhibition company persuaded her to take flying lessons so that she could appear at air shows with the Curtiss troupe! 1) Upon crossing the LAX VOR 068 radial, turn RIGHT towards PALOS VERDE POINT 2) When aligned off the extended centerline of ZAMPERINI field's runway 29R, turn LEFT and overfly the field For the most part, it was firmly believed that a woman's place was on the ground. Any air accident involving a woman pilot would set aviation back for years, was the underlying aviation imposed threat. Glenn Curtiss, who himself believed this, got himself talked into teaching Blanche Stuart Scott to fly! She was his first and the last woman he agreed to teach! 3) Go to AirLeg 89

AirLeg 94 Jumping Jehoshaphat!! Bird Strike! Bird Strike! What a mess!! You had better land. Just think! Apollo's son Phaethon rode the skies in a sun chariot. There are stories of winged men of Egypt. Sinbad the Sailor flew his great bird the Roc. Arabs had their magical carpets! Also there was the winged bull of Assyria who protected the palace of King Sargon. Aren't you glad this was just a bird?!! AirLeg 95 1) Turn LEFT towards the outdoor theater on airway V210 2) Climb to 3500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 14 AirLeg 96 In 1931, Italian Air Minister, General Italo Balbo led a mass flight of 12 Savoia-Marchetti flying boats across the South Atlantic from Rome to Brazil. In 1933, he led an even more impressive armada of 24 flying boats across the North Atlantic and back. 1) Intercept the Shoreline Route northbound, maintaining one half to one mile offshore 2) Go to AirLeg 73 AirLeg 97 1) Commence a RIGHT hand traffic pattern for landing on HAWTHORNE airport runway 25 Once the art of flying was learned, designers had this hunger for more powerful and more reliable engines. In 1909, a revolutionary little engine appeared on the scene, called the Gnome. It had a crank shaft that had to be bolted to the aircraft structure, so that the seven cylinders and propeller rotated around it. It wonderfully provided 50 horsepower worth of go juice, but had a price to that! It had to be lubricated with liberal quantities of castor oil, which was flung out in a fine spray as the engine whirled around at 1200 RPM! But it was used predominantly during World War I quite successfully! 2) Go to AirLeg 112 AirLeg 98 1) When 10.5 DME from LAX VOR, turn RIGHT towards the ROSE BOWL 2) When overhead the ROSE BOWL, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Radial from VNY VOR____________________(50 pts) Radial from LAX OR_____________________(45 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_____________________(40 pts) DME from SLI VOR______________________(35 pts) DME from LAX VOR_____________________(30 pts) DME from VNY VOR_____________________(25 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) Heading______________________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Make a RIGHT base entry to EL MONTE airport's runway 19 5) Go to AirLeg 111 AirLeg 99 1) When abeam the 578 foot obstruction, turn RIGHT towards FULLERTON airport 2) Intercept and track outbound on the SLI VOR 318 radial 3) Go to AirLeg 20 AirLeg 100 At the roundout to landing, an antelope saunters into your path! 1) Add full power and go around 2) Go to AirLeg 31 AirLeg 101 1) Intercept the Shoreline Route northbound, maintaining one half to one mile offshore 2) Just past EL SEGUNDO REFINERY, turn RIGHT to a heading of076

Now why would they name a beach in California after a place in New York? Manhattan Beach! Talking about New York - did you know that Broadway runs along the entire length of Manhattan? Once Queens got connected to Manhattan by subways and such, it became Boomsville and the site of two World's Fairs. My sister and I roller skated in an exhibition at the New York Plaza of the World's Fair in 1939 -1 mean 1964-65! Really! We did a group number dressed up as the Beatles, and skated to the song 'I Wanna Hold Your Hand'! If you ask nicely and I find it, I can send you a picture to prove it! 3) Proceed outbound on the LAX VOR 076 radial 4) Go to AirLeg 115 AirLeg 102 1) Descend to 500 feet 2) When overhead ALONDRA PARK, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(30 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______________________(25 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______________________(15 pts) Headings________________________________(15 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Go to AirLeg 46 AirLeg 103 1) Track inbound on the VNY VOR 140 radial In early 1905, the Wright brothers offered to sell planes to the U.S. government, but they were not taken seriously. In 1907, President Theodore Roosevelt showed an interest in the invention, and that year an Aeronautical Division of the U.S. Army was formed to look into the new 'air machines'. In 1909, the Army bought its first airplane from them. In 1911, Congress appropriated the first funds for aviation - $125,000. By 1914, when World War I broke out in Europe, the United States Army's air force owned only five airplanes! Compare this to Germany's cache of about 250 airplanes, and the Allied powers of France, Great Britain, and Russia each had over 100 airplanes apiece! Our support for this technological marvel of flying was sadly lacking, to say the least.

2) Intercept and track outbound on the LAX VOR 058 radial 3) Go to AirLeg 108 AirLeg 104 1) Turn LEFT towards COMPTON airport There is an NDB at Compton airport, having a frequency of 378 Megahertz. But a note over its box says VFR Use Only. But if you look at El Monte's airport, it has an NDB, but no such note. Well, El Monte has an instrument approach procedure that uses the NDB, whereas Compton is strictly for navigational use, in case you can't calibrate your eyeballs to see a set of parallel runways! 2) When overhead the airport, track counterclockwise on the LAX VOR 10.0 DME arc 3) The first transcontinental flight across the United States was made in: If your answer is 1911, go to AirLeg 110 If your answer is 1910, go to AirLeg 85 AirLeg 105 Cal Rogers started the first successful transcontinental flight across the United States on September 17, 1911. He was trying to win a $50,000 prize put up by William Randolph Hearst, for the first pilot who could fly coast to coast in thirty days or less. It took him 84 days. What's funny is that his actual flying time was 3 days, 10 hours, and 4 minutes! In that 4,321 mile trip, he took off 68 times and crashed 15 times! Talk about perseverance! What a lesson! 1) When crossing the LAX VOR 192 radial, turn RIGHT to a heading of 340 2) Descend to 500 feet 3) Turn RIGHT onto final approach for LOS ANGELES' runway 7R 4) Go to AirLeg 112 AirLeg 106 1) When 9.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn RIGHT towards HOLLYWOOD PARK 2) Line up on final approach course for LAX's runway 25L The Europeans advent into heavier than air machines was made possible thanks to a charming Brazilian inventor named Alberto Santos-Dumont. He built a box-kite airplane where each wing

was a box kite, and a third box-kite was suspended ahead of the aircraft to provide control. He flew it for eight seconds in the first motor powered heavier than air flight in Europe. The box-kite construction made it light weight - about half that of the Wright brothers' biplane! 3) Go to AirLeg 60 AirLeg 107 1) Make a RIGHT 90 degree turn, followed by a LEFT reversal to line up for a straight in approach to ZAMPERINI's runway 11L 2) Descend to 1000 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 86 AirLeg 108 Just to give you a change of pace with some pre-pioneer history, the first military aircraft were balloons filled with gas or hot air. In 1794, the French army sent up soldiers in balloons to observe enemy troop movements. During the 1800's, most major armies set up a balloon corps. 1) Intercept the LAX VOR 12.0 DME arc, and fly clockwise 2) Intercept and track inbound on the LAX VOR 076 radial In the early days of aviation, airplanes raced against automobiles! A 1914 race at Columbus, Ohio was between famous auto racer Barney Oldfield and the daredevil pilot Lincoln Beachey. The finish was so close that no one knows who won! 3) Go to AirLeg 36 AirLeg 109 If you ever get a chance to take a lesson or two in aerobatics, treat yourself! It's pretty much taken for granted now, but imagine how the first guy felt when he decided to try to fly a powered airplane inverted for the first time? Well, a French pilot by the name of Adolphe Pergoud did just that in 1913! One small tweak for man, one giant field day for mankind - because thus began the era of daredevil stunt pilots! 1) When 10.0 DME from LAX VOR, turn LEFT towards ALONDRA PARK 2) The first airplane flight in France was made by: If your answer is Henri C. Farman, go to AirLeg 102 If your answer is Alberto Santos-Dumont, go to AirLeg 116

AirLeg 110 The first round the world flight went from Seattle to Seattle. Two Douglas World Cruiser aircraft completed the flight, commanded by Lieutenants Nelson and Smith. The trip took almost six months, from April 6 to September 28, 1924. 1) When crossing airway V264, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude______________________________(35 pts) DME from LAX VOR____________________(35 pts) VSI _______________________________(30 pts)

Heading______________________________(30 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn direct towards LAX VOR The object of international race meetings, such as the contests for the Schneider Trophy and the Bendix Trophy, was to foster the design and development of advanced new types of aircraft. 4) Go to AirLeg 77 AirLeg 111 1) When abeam the SANTA ANITA RACETRACK, descend to 500 feet 2) Turn to final for runway 19 3) Go to AirLeg 100 AirLeg 112 Tower is frantically screaming at you to go around due to hung gear! Get thee thou fribbling dotard to thy pinquid pytle to dabble and stolch about next rodomel, tosey and dark, and ware the horrid hent! Oops, wrong century! AirLeg 113 Kill Devil Hill was the name of the narrow strip of sand, near the settlement of Kitty Hawk, where the Wright brothers did their flying experiments. In 1904 and 1905, they continued their experiments at afield near Dayton.

1) Intercept and track inbound on the LAX VOR 090 radial 2) Proceed directly overhead the airport off your nose 3) Go to AirLeg 66 AirLeg 114 The end of Alcock and Brown's transatlantic flight was certainly no party! 80 miles away from Ireland, they spun out of control because the airspeed indicator had frozen and inadvertently their speed had gone down. 50 feet above the Atlantic, they recovered. They climbed back to 11,000 feet. The starboard engine then iced up and started to backfire, so they had to shut it down and descend to warmer air, hoping to melt the ice before striking water. In the clouds, they broke out 500 feet above the water, restarted the engine, and in 30 minutes, they were over Ireland! Stay tuned for the further adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle! 1) Turn LEFT towards the EL SEGUNDO REFINERY 2) When abeam midpoint of HAWTHORNE airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading______________________________(25 pts) Altitude_______________________________(20 pts) VSI _______________________________(20 pts)

DME from VNY VOR_____________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Climb to 2500 feet In the last episode, Alcock and Brown had spun their airplane, iced their engine, and finally arrived over shore! But was all well? They saw the radio masts of the military installation at Clifden and headed for what appeared to be a smooth green field nearby. Oh no! Actually, it was an immense bog! Men on the ground tried to wave the aircraft away from the spot chosen, but Alcock and Brown just waved back as merrily as pie! When they touched down on the marshy surface, the wheels dug in and the plane nosed over. Thus ended the flight after 16 hours and 28 minutes! 5) Intercept the Shoreline Route northbound 6) Go to AirLeg 73

AirLeg 115 1) Descend to 1500 feet 2) Track outbound until RIGHT downwind abeam the midpoint of HAWTHORNE airport Oh boy! There's an airport! You've been flying for quite a while, trying to figure out these daggone pioneer questions, and the end could just be in sight! You could buy an expensive Caffeine Free Diet Coke and have a grilled cheese sandwich to appease that roaring appetite which you 've built up! Now you know how Charles Lindbergh felt when he landed in Paris except I doubt if they had grilled cheese! They probably had oysters a la creme with Boones' Farm Sauvignon premium wine, or something! 3) Who was the first woman to fly the English Channel? If your answer is Harriet Quimby, go to AirLeg 103 If your answer is Amelia Earhart, go to AirLeg 97 AirLeg 116 1) When crossing the LAX VOR 164 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(40 pts) Altitude_________________________________(30 pts) VSI _________________________________(20 pts)

DME from LAX VOR_______________________(20 pts) Name of beaches on either side of you __________________________________ __________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn RIGHT to a heading of 280 4) Go to AirLeg 105

Highways in the Skies

Early navigation was not much more than looking over the side to see how high you were and looking ahead for some landmarks. Most pilots either flew the Iron Beam (railroad tracks) or flew IFR (I follow roads). Cross country navigation was risky and bad for your health (few places to land). It was not until the Post Office generated a system of navigation beacons that cross country and night flights were feasible and survivable. These early mail pilots had on their instrument panels, an ignition switch, airspeed indicator, a tachometer, an altimeter which was marked in 1000 feet increments, and a compass. The altimeter was more sensitive to temperature changes than altitude changes. You needed to be a weatherman to figure out how high you were. The compass would swing 90 degrees from left to right in bumpy weather. Armed with these instruments and a road map, these truly brave pioneers were successful in finding their way and delivering the mail. In 1926 Congress passed the Air Commerce Act. The purpose of this law was to promote air commerce by charging the federal government with the operation and maintenance of the airway system established by the Post Office to help their pilots find their way. This law provided the foundation of civil air transportation in the United States. In this scenario there is a mixture of questions, puzzles, and Go To information. Quite a few of the puzzles help you to exercise chart interpretation. For example, what is the elevation at certain airfields? What is the ATIS frequency? What's the longest runway? What is the floor of that airspace you're overflying? Armed with those answers, you could be asked to play with those numbers until you arrive at the next AirLeg. Some other puzzles which will tickle you are called Riddle-Me-Dees. You're supplied with a riddle, and it's up to you to find the answer to that riddle by checking the list towards the back of the scenario. Each answer on the list will have a number which is your next AirLeg. Secondly, there are Puzzle Tribes. These can be tricky, because you are given a clue, then you are to find the rebus or word picture which matches it on the page which carries them in the back of the scenario. Thirdly, there are Mathematical Progressions, where you supply the missing number which fits a pattern shown. Fourthly, there are Silly Sniglets. By definition, sniglets are words which don't appear in the dictionary, but should! Then there are a number of assorted puzzles, like cross numbers, hidden numbers, and other varieties to this tossed salad puzzle palace! SETUP Aircraft: 1) Choose Cessna Skylane RG SETUP:

Weather: 1) Set Surface winds DEPTH to 6000 2) Set Surface winds DIR to 300 3) Set Surface winds SPEED to 12 Aircraft Position: 1) NORTH to 17364.6759 [N037 43' 13.5988] 2) EAST to 5126.7705 [W122 13' 00.2249] 3) ALTITUDE to 13 [0] 4) HEADING to 000 note: At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. Set ZOOM to 1.0 Set TIME to 2015 [1915] FLIGHT In 1542, Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, a Portuguese explorer, saw the Farallon Islands, but missed the Golden Gate. In 1579, Sir Francis Drake, the English explorer, also sailed right by, though he may have anchored in what is now known as Drake's Bay just north of San Francisco. In 1595, another Portuguese explorer, Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeno, entered Drake's Bay. He named it Puerto de San Francisco, and so established the name San Francisco for the region. Europeans finally reached the site of San Francisco by traveling overland. In 1769, a Spanish expedition led by Gaspar de Portola, became the first white people to climb the hills and see the bay. Oakland International airport will be your starting point for this scenario. Welcome to Airienteering Scenario 21 1) The Air Commerce Act of 1926 required the government to: If your answer is execute economic regulations concerning the air transport industry, go to AirLeg 23 If your answer is maintain and operate the airway system, go to AirLeg 47

If your answer is provide safety in air commerce, go to AirLeg 72 If your answer is exercise judicial authority over civil aviation, go to AirLeg 113 AirLeg 1 The Airmail Act of 1934 re-established competitive bidding for airmail contracts. Under this Act, the control of the airline industry was placed in the hands of three agencies of the federal government. Those three agencies were the Post Office, the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the Department of Commerce. A Federal Aviation Commission was also established to study aviation policy. This is the commission which recommended that a separate organization be made to control the airline industry. 1) Intercept and track inbound on the SFO VOR 068 radial 2) Can the FAA ever be placed under the Department of Defense? If your answer is Yes, by Executive Order 11161, go to AirLeg 57 If your answer is No, by Executive Order 13251, go to AirLeg 70 AirLeg 2 1) Intercept and fly counterclockwise on the SFO VOR 20.0 DME arc 2) When overhead COLLI intersection, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(50 pts) Altitude_________________________________(45 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(35 pts) Radial from SAU VOR______________________(30 pts) VSI ____________________________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) How many VFR Sectional charts are used to cover the continental United States?

Go to AirLeg 15 if the right answer is: The number obtained by taking 15, subtract the number of years in a decade, and square the result! Go to AirLeg 48 if the right answer is: The number obtained by taking 48, reverse the numbers, divide by 7, multiply it by the sum of its digits, then add 1! Go to AirLeg 43 if the right answer is: The number obtained by taking 70, divide it by 8, take the remainder and multiply it by 10% of the original number! AirLeg 3 1) At 300 feet AGL, turn towards TREASURE ISLAND 2) Climb to 3000 feet 3) When overhead ANGEL ISLAND, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(70 pts) Altitude_________________________________(60 pts) DME from SAU VOR______________________(50 pts) Radial from SFO VOR_____________________(50 pts) VSI ___________________________________(40 pts) Radial from SAU VOR_____________________(20 pts) Name of closest intersection to you___________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) As a civilian pilot, can you fly in a Restricted Airspace? If your answer is No, Never, go to AirLeg 53 If your answer is Yes, with permission, go to AirLeg 27

AirLeg 4 1) When abeam LAKE MERCED, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SFO VOR_____________________(45 pts) DME from SFO VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from OAK VOR______________________(35 pts) Radial from SAU VOR_____________________(35 pts) Heading________________________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) VSI ____________________________________(15 pts) What sport takes place to your east?___________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards Moss Beach Yeah, keep your eyes open for those daredevil hang gliders looking for those air currents! What a rush that would be, huh?! You know, hang gliding became popular in the United States in the early 1970s and is now practiced throughout the world. Otto Lilienthal, the father of glider experiments from 1891 to 1896, made about 2500 glider flights. Do you realize that in that five year period, that means 1825 days, he flew an average of almost one and a half glider flights a day? That's a fanatic in a positive sense! 4) Why are the low altitude highways in the sky known as Victor Airways? If your answer is because of the Victory after WW II, they called them Victor airways, go to AirLeg 60 If your answer is since they follow VOR radials, they called them Victor airways, go to AirLeg 28 If your answer is since they are VFR airways, they called them Victor airways, go to AirLeg 69

AirLeg 5 The purpose of the Federal Airport Act of 1946 was to give the United States a comprehensive system of airports, administered by the Civil Aeronautics Administration. Before this, the airports were financed and operated by state, county, or municipal governments. Needless to say, not a whole lot of growth had occurred prior to the 1946 budgetary agenda! 1) Intercept and fly clockwise on the SFO VOR 15.0 DME arc 2) When abeam Lake Chabol, descend to 3000 feet 3) The name of the Visual Check Point, indicated by a little magenta flag, is written in what color? If your answer is Black, go to AirLeg 86 If your answer is Blue, go to AirLeg 37 If your answer is Brown, go to AirLeg 11 AirLeg 6 1) Turn direct to SFO VOR The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is an agency of the United Nations (UN). This is why Seven-Up is such a universally well known drink, being that it's the UNCola! The ICAO sets international standards in fields like air navigational facilities, air operations, airports, airworthiness of aircraft, and communications. 2) When 10.5 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial inbound to SFO VOR_______________________(40 pts) CDI needle position to SFO VOR___________________(40 pts) DME from OAK VOR____________________________(30 pts) Radial from SAU VOR___________________________(30 pts) Altitude______________________________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________________(10 pts) Floor of controlled airspace you're in_________________(5 pts)

Floor of controlled airspace you're entering ______________________________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation By the way, there are over 160 nations in the ICAO, which was founded in 1944. Its headquarters is at 1000 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal. 4) Do VFR Sectional Charts show Victor airways? If your answer is YES, go to AirLeg 70 If your answer is NO, go to AirLeg 38 AirLeg 7 Out there in front of you and to your right is the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. All aircraft are requested to maintain a minimum altitude of 2000 feet above the surface of these areas of refuge. Other areas which this pertains to are Monuments, Seashores, Scenic Riverways, National Parks - you know, fun stuff like them! As far as wildlife areas of refuge go, I'm sure you see that it's for the good of the animals. In other words, your engine shouldn't be heard so loudly that it'd freak them out! You don't want a Jungle Book Jurassic Park, do you?! 1) Turn towards JACKSON STREET 2) Do all VORs have DME? If your answer is YES, go to AirLeg 14 If your answer is NO, go to AirLeg 83 AirLeg 8 Hey! You know what that circle 'H' stands for on the southern side of the Golden Gate Bridge? It's a heliport! How about that anchor symbol that's north of Sausalito VORTAC? That's a seaplane base. As a matter of fact, it is named the Commodore Center. The rank of Commodore was abolished in 1899, but temporarily restored in World War II. But it is a courtesy title given to the president of a yacht club, or the senior captain of a merchant fleet. They like it! 1) When abeam the Oakland Coliseum, turn towards HUNTER'S POINT 2) Descend to 1000 feet 3) Do VFR Sectional Charts show instrument intersections?

If your answer is YES, go to AirLeg 71 If your answer is NO, go to AirLeg 32 AirLeg 9 1) When passing 1400 feet, make a RIGHT DOWNWIND departure 2) Climb to 2500 feet This book loads you up with all sorts of trivia and knowledgeable details, which should never go to waste. If you want to really know why it's essential for pilots to keep learning and driving to learn, pay attention to this quote from Sherlock Holmes! 'A man should keep his little brain attic stocked with all the furniture that he is likely to use, and the rest he can put away in the lumber room of his library, where he can get it if he wants it.' That's sage filled advice for us pilots! 3) Are terrain obstructions displayed on IFR Enroute Low Altitude Charts? If your answer is NO, go to AirLeg 103 If your answer is YES, go to AirLeg 85 AirLeg 10 Under the Airmail Act of 1925, a contract airmail carrier was paid up to 80% of the postal revenue of the airmail he carried. Congress, in its infinite wisdom, which has never changed through the years, had a bright idea for computing payment to the carrier! Now don't laugh, but because the airmail was handled by both the Post Office and the airline, each letter had to be individually counted before it was loaded aboard the airplane, so that both parties could be paid what was apportioned to them! Let's all shudder together as we think what that would mean today as we'd wait in the Post Office with our little ticket number, waiting for our turn! Slow as molasses would be replaced by Slow as the Post Office! 1) When abeam the San Carlos airport, turn towards Palo Alto airport 2) Climb to 2500 feet 3) How many VFR WAC charts are used to cover the continental US? If your answer is 12, go to AirLeg 89 If your answer is 15, go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 11

1) Intercept and track outbound on the OAK VOR 100 radial 2) When 20.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(50 pts) CDI needle position from OAK VOR___________(45 pts) DME from OAK VOR______________________(35 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) VSI ____________________________________(20 pts) Radial from SAU VOR______________________(10 pts) Altitude of IFR Departure route you're close to _________________________________(5 pts) Altitude of IFR Arrival route you're close to _________________________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. It is loosely interpreted to mean: AirLeg 12 A Cessna 152 coming out of nowhere, bounces off your tail and comes to rest over the top of you! A Mooney skids right in front of you and impales itself on your propeller! You are still flying, thank goodness, because its propeller is still turning! But when an ultralight bumps into your right wing and starts chewing slowly toward your cockpit, you open your left side door and jump out! AirLeg 13 1) When overhead STANFORD UNIVERSITY, turn towards HALF MOON BAY airport

See those asterixes along the Half Moon Bay coastline and Pillar Point? They refer to rocks dangerous rocks - man eating rocks - fire breathing rocks -laser guided beam rocks searching for airplanes not holding altitude! The square on Pillar Point is the satellite dish. 2) Upon reaching the coastline, descend to 1500 feet and turn to follow it northwards 3) If a dot represents 3 points, and a dash represents 5 points, then how many points is represented by Sausalito VOR's morse code identifier? Go to that AirLeg! AirLeg 14 1) When abeam the TOLL PLAZA, turn towards SUNOL GOLF COURSE 2) Climb to 3000 feet 3) Doug Miller and Fred Calfior are both flying BD-10J homebuilt jets at 600 knots head-on! They are 10 nautical miles from each other. How long before they meet? (Near miss!) _______________________________ What scale is the VFR Sectional Aeronautical Chart drawn to? If your answer is 1:500,000, go to the AirLeg determined by your answer above in seconds, minus the middle number of the field elevation at Livermore airport. If your answer is 1:1,000,000, go to the AirLeg determined by your answer above in seconds, added to 1 more than the number shown for the Class B floor over Half Moon Bay. If your answer is 1:250,000, go to the AirLeg determined by your answer above in minutes, multiplied by [the above answer in seconds times three]. AirLeg 15 I'll bet even you veteran pilots don't know this juicy little tid-bit! When using phonetic terms, we laugh at folks who say 'Nine' instead of 'Niner'. But do you realize that properly spoken, the number '3' is pronounced 'TREE', and that the number '4' is pronounced 'FOW-er'? Also, ICAO procedures require the decimal point to be spoken as 'DECIMAL'! But how many of us have used 'POINT' time and time again, huh?!!! 1) Turn to a heading of 220 2) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series,and go to that AirLeg.

22

25

32

35

42

45

__

55

62

AirLeg 16 1) When overhead the TOLL PLAZA, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR_____________________(55 pts) DME from OAK VOR_____________________(45 pts) Radial from SFO VOR____________________(35 pts) Radial from OAK VOR____________________(30 pts) Altitude________________________________(25 pts) Heading_______________________________(25 pts) Deck of Class B airspace you're in___________(10 pts) Autopilot_______________________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Proceed towards Hayward airport Walter Brown was the springboard of the Airmail Act of 1930. He felt that the responsibility to encourage commercial aviation was not being carried out competitive bidding, so he scrubbed it out. This new law also produced a change in the method of computing mail pay rates which now paid the airlines for space instead of weight. Airlines then began to purchase larger aircraft, which consequently gave rise to passenger traffic. So now began the drive for passenger travel, more so than airmail travel. 4) The Tri-color approach system uses which colors? If your answer is Amber, Green, and Red, go to AirLeg 51 If your answer is White, Green, and Red, go to AirLeg 1 If your answer is White, Amber, and Red, go to AirLeg 24 AirLeg 17 1) When overhead the G.M. PLANT, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Heading_____________________________(50 pts) Radial from SFO VOR__________________(40 pts) DME from SFO VOR___________________(35 pts) Altitude______________________________(25 pts) DME from OAK VOR___________________(20 pts) Radial from SAU VOR__________________(20 pts) Floor of controlled airspace in front of you____(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn to a heading of 260 4) Execute a practice stop and go landing into San Carlos airport,runway 30 5) Start in the square indicated and find the path to the end square such that the sum of the numbers in the path is 100. The numbers in the start and end squares are to be included in the sum of 100. The path from one square to another must be horizontal or vertical (not diagonal).

Add up all the numbers used in the vertical direction, not horizontal. Go to the AirLeg of that sum. AirLeg 18 Navigation is a distinct human art which combines science and intuition, skill and common sense, audacity and perseverance. In ancient times, 'those who set the course of ships' were called navis. Therefore, ancient sailors who demonstrated these traits were called navigators. Today, air navigation is the art of determining the geographic position, and maintaining the desired direction of an aircraft relative to the earth's surface. My question is, if the Earth is

spinning in one direction, and I'm flying and landing in the direction opposite its spin, how in the heck can I ever land at an airport without going backwards?! 1) When 22.0 DME from SFO VOR, press Pto pause the simulation Record your: VSI _____________________________(35 pts)

XPDR _____________________________(10 pts) Autopilot____________________________(5 pts) You can't cheat! 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated The desperate attempt by a homeowner to talk his overflowing toilet into backing down. AirLeg 19 1) Turn to a heading of 090 2) When abeam NAS Alameda, turn towards COLLI intersection In passing honor of NAS Alameda (you do know that NAS stands for NavalAir Station, don't you?) I will recite for you another pearl of Table Salt learned from the Naval Academy! Here we go! How long have you been in the Navy? All me bloomin' life, sir! Me mother was a mermaid, me father was King Neptune. I was born on the crest of a wave and rocked in the cradle of the deep. Seaweed and barnacles are me clothes. Every tooth in me head is a marlinespike; the hair on mehead is hemp. Every bone in me body is a spar, and when I spits, I spits tar! I 'se hard, I is, I am, I are! 3) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation IFR stand for? If your answer is Instrument Flight Rules, go to AirLeg 75

If your answer is Instrument Flight Reference, go to AirLeg 42 AirLeg 20 1) Line up straight in to Oakland International runway 29 2) HAPPY LANDINGS! Well, that's either number one, or another one for you! Keep in mind that there are four full blown possible good stops in this Scenario. And there are enough variations to each of them that you'd be challenged for quite a while and be a true San Francisco aerial traveler! Good job on this one, for sure! That is, unless it took you three years to get to this place! AirLeg 21 1) Turn to a heading of 090, descend to 2500 feet 2) When 19.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards MOUNT DIABLO, climb to 4000 feet 3) Solve the following cross-number puzzle

ACROSS A. The sum of the digits is 10 C. The product of the digits is 315.

DOWN A. A three digit number minus 1. B. A down multiplied by the sum of the digits in A down. D. A perfect square. C. Consecutively decreasing digits F. The digits read forward and backward E. An odd number. are the same. Go to the AirLeg represented by D across________________ AirLeg 22

1) When 22.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards CAMP PARKS 2) Overhead CAMP PARKS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SFO VOR____________________(50 pts) DME from SFO VOR_____________________(45 pts) VSI ________________________________(35 pts)

Heading______________________________(30 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) Radial from OAK VOR____________________(25 pts) Autopilot______________________________(15 pts) Name of the two towns southeast and southwest of the airport________________________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. My first master has four legs, My second master has two legs, My first I serve in life, My second I serve in death, Cure me and I live beyond my death Tough I am, yet soft beside, Against ladies' cheeks I oft reside.

AirLeg 23 Runway numbers and letters are determined from the approach direction. For instance, here on runway 9R, the '9' is the whole number nearest one-tenth the magnetic azimuth of the centerline of the runway, measured clockwise from the magnetic north. So its actual direction could be 085 to 094, and still be labeled runway 9! But as always, there's got to be exceptions, and Oakland International airport is one of them! This runway's actual magnetic alignment is 097, so why wasn't it given the label runway 10? Maybe to eliminate any confusion with runway 11 to the south! 1) Takeoff runway 9R 2) Climb to 2000 feet 3) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation MRA stand for? If your answer is Minimum Reception Altitude, go to AirLeg 80 If your answer is Military Reserved Area, go to AirLeg 92 AirLeg 24 1) Turn to a heading of 120 Well, shoot! I guess you're not going to land at Hayward airport - what a bummer! Doug and I just thought of another '13MIKE' book in the series. It would be Aerobatics with 13MIKE, where it's written like an aerial contest. You'd get graded on the accuracy of your loops, hammerhead stalls, and other insane maneuvers, just like the real air contests! 13MIKE would then become a Sopwith Camel! 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 96 AirLeg 25 Bird migration occurs during the months of March through April, and August through November. Four major migratory flyways exist in the United States, and you're flying in one of them! That's the Pacific Flyway which follows the west coast and overflies major parts of Washington, Oregon, and California. The other three are the Atlantic Flyway, which parallels the Atlantic Coast. Next up is the Mississippi Flyway which goes from Canada through the Great Lakes and follows the Mississippi River. Then is the Central Flyway which is a broad area east of the Rockies, from Canada through Central America. Those are the major ones, anyway! Watch out for that albatross! Yikes!

1) Intercept and track outbound on the SFO VOR 050 radial 2) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Concerning that idea, dream on, dreamer! AirLeg 26 1) When intercepting the SFO VOR 054 radial, turn to a heading of 200 2) Climb to 3000 feet I'll bet you've wondered at least a million times how to compute the range of San Francisco's VOR at your altitude of 3000 feet! Since it's a VHF signal, all you need to do is multiply your altitude above the ground by 1.5. Then take that product and find its square root. So at your present altitude, which I know you've nailed because of your outstanding scan pattern work, the approximate range of SFO VOR for you is 67 nautical miles! Now, you can relax your mind and think of something else! 3) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation RAIL stand for? If your answer is Runway Alignment Indicator Lights, go to AirLeg 44 If your answer is Runway Altitude Indicator Lights, go to AirLeg 62 AirLeg 27 There are days which occur in this climate, at almost any season of the year, wherein the world reaches its perfection, when the air, the heavenly bodies, and the earth, make a harmony, as if nature would indulge her offspring. When everything that has life gives sign of satisfaction, and the cattle that lie on the ground seem to have great and tranquil thoughts. We have crept out of our close and crowded houses into the night and morning, and we see what majestic beauties daily wrap us in their bosom. The blue zenith is the point in which romance and reality meet. Makes your heart melt to read those words, doesn't it? But you're still at a dead end! AirLeg 28 1) Upon crossing the SFO VOR 230 radial, climb to 3000 feet

Benjamin Franklin established the Postal Service in 1776 when he recognized the importance of what it could accomplish. He declared that a progressive nation requires a good communication system. In the beginning, the Army Air Corp carried the mail for the Post Office. It was generally understood that the Post Office operation would only be temporary. The carrying of mail by air would be passed on to private industry as soon as it was under control and feasible. 2) When abeam the HALF MOON BAY airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR __________________________(50 pts) Altitude ____________________________________(40 pts) Radial from OAK VOR _________________________(35 pts) Heading ____________________________________(30 pts) DME from SAU VOR __________________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn towards BAY MEADOWS 5) On VFR Sectional Aeronautical Charts, hard-surface runways 1500 feet to 8069 feet in length are shown in what color? If your answer is Blue, go to AirLeg 66 If your answer is Magenta, go to AirLeg 76 If your answer is Black go to AirLeg 18 AirLeg 29 1) When overhead Pt San Pedro, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SFO VOR ________________________(40 pts) DME from SFO VOR _________________________(35 pts) Heading ___________________________________(25 pts)

Altitude____________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SAU VOR_________________________(15 pts) DME from OAK VOR__________________________(15 pts) Floor of airspace just west of Pacifica_____________ (5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards Lake Merced See the lines with the dots from Pt San Pedro to Point Bonita? The side of the line which contains dots begins the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Then as you continue west, you run into another set of dots, which ends that sanctuary. But immediately past that is another line with yet another series of dots. Well, that starts the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary. What I'm trying to show you is that these special areas are always shown from one dot border to another. Check it out some day when you have a full sized sectional! 4) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation VOR stand for? If your answer is Very High Frequency Omnirange Station, go to AirLeg 33 If your answer is Variable High Frequency Omnirange Station, go to AirLeg 77 AirLeg 30 1) When crossing the SFO VOR 064 radial, turn towards NAS Alameda, staying to the LEFT of Oakland International's runway 29 2) When NAS Alameda is in sight, line up for straight in runway 31 Whoopee! You've done it! The end is in sight! I mean, honestly, what could possibly go wrong when you're this close to target, staring at it eyeball (yours) to personified eyeball (NAS Alameda's)? Life is good, life is grand, life is worth singing praises about, long live the republic! 3) Descend to 1000 feet 4) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation MSL stand for?

If your answer is Mean Sea Level, go to AirLeg 111 If your answer is Minimum Safe Level, go to AirLeg 12 AirLeg 31 The first flying regulation agency in the United States was The Aero Club of America, founded in 1905. It regulated flying, sponsored exhibitions and races, and issued licenses to U.S. pilots. In 1908, Kissimmee, Florida, passed the world's first law regulating airplanes. This law required the registration of local aircraft, and regulated their speed and altitude when flying over the town! 1) Turn towards SUTRO intersection 2) Descend to 2000 feet 3) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. I am two-faced but bear only one face, I have no legs but travel widely, Men spill much blood over me Kings leave their imprint upon me, I have greatest power when given away, Yet lust for me keeps me locked away. AirLeg 32 1) Intercept the SFO VOR 010 radial inbound One of the prettiest sights in the world is a lighted airport at night time. But what a maze also, unless you know what you're looking at! Taxiways are lighted in one of two ways for guidance of pilots. Way number one is to have centerline green taxiway lights. Way number two is to have two lines of taxiway blue edge lights. 2) Line up for a straight in landing at San Francisco International's runway 19L 3) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

The overlapping moment of time when the hand is locking the car door even as the brain is saying My keys are in there! AirLeg 33 1) Establish a RIGHT BASE to FINAL on San Francisco International runway 10R The approach lights and runway lights at an airport are controlled by three means possible. One is the control tower personnel whenever the tower is active. Two is the Flight Service Station or FSS at some locations where no control tower is active. But this FSS function is slowly being phased out. Thirdly, when at selected airports, the pilot can control the approach and runway lights. 2) Enjoy a practice touch & go landing 3) On the go, maintain runway heading and level off at 1500 feet 4) Where on a VFR Sectional Aeronautical Chart would you find the highest terrain elevation for that chart? If your answer is Front cover, go to AirLeg 7 If your answer is Back cover, where the symbols are, go to AirLeg 15 If your answer is At the top of the chart, go to AirLeg 50 AirLeg 34 1) Turn towards STANFORD UNIVERSITY This place is fairly fascinating! Leland Stanford built the Central Pacific Railroad. He and the Mrs. formed the university as a memorial to their son who died of typhoid fever in 1884. They endowed the university with land for a campus and $20 million. Currently, the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is a world center for the study of high-energy physics. Stanford's medical school is famous for its work on heart transplants, cancer, and genetic engineering. There have been rumored incidents of pilots who have flown overhead the university, and all of a sudden they began regularly holding altitude, airspeed, heading, and track due to some kind of gene alteration ray aimed at pilots dumb enough to fly over the campus! 2) Descend to 2500 feet 3) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation AGL stand for?

If your answer is Above Ground Level, go to AirLeg 52 If your answer is Above Glide sLope, go to AirLeg 85 AirLeg 35 Have you noticed that your little square blocks on the sectional are so nice and neatly organized, being the same size all the time? Well, straight lines which run from pole to pole (North to South - South to North) are called lines of longitude or meridians. These meridians are then divided evenly into intersecting lines of latitude, or parallels. They are called parallels because they do not converge at any point, but always run parallel to one another. Just for your information, you are now flying in the area between 122 and 123 degrees longitude and right up close to the 38th parallel. 1) When abeam Briones Reservoir, turn towards MOUNT DIABLO 2) Climb to 5500 feet 3) VFR Sectional Aeronautical Charts are what type of map projection? (Unscramble the answers!) If your answer is BTAMREL ROCLNFOAM IOCCN, go to AirLeg 49 If your answer is ARMROETC DLYARCLIICN, go to AirLeg 67 If your answer is MGOCNINO EBQILUO, go to AirLeg 80 AirLeg 36 1) When abeam CAL STATE UNIVERSITY, turn towards ST. MARY'S 2) When crossing the OAK VOR 090 radial, turn to a heading of 270 How does that good 'ol VOR receiver work anyway? A VOR station transmits two very high frequency (VHF) signals. One is the reference phase signal, which is omni-directional, which means it is the same in all directions. The second is the variable phase signal, which rotates uniformly at a rate of 1800 rpm, with its phase varying at a constant rate throughout the 360 degrees. The antenna of your VOR airborne receiver picks up both the signals, and measures their phase difference! That tells you which radial you are on!

3) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation MOCA stand for? If your answer is Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude, go to AirLeg 91 If your answer is Military Operations Control Area, go to AirLeg 115 AirLeg 37 1) When abeam CAL STATE UNIVERSITY, turn to parallel the length of the SAN MATEO BRIDGE westward 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) San Francisco International airport's longest runway is about a length of 11,900 feet. The TACAN channel which serves San Francisco is 107. San Francisco airport's elevation is 11 feet. Metropolitan Oakland International airport has an airport elevation of 93 feet, having a total of 2 control tower frequencies. Its longest runway is shorter than San Francisco by about 1900 feet. There are two mistakes in the previous paragraph, based on your San Francisco Terminal Area chart. Find the portion of the errors that are highlighted in the text. According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation VFR stand for? If your answer is Visual Flight Rules, go to the AirLeg described by the first mistake If your answer is Visual Flight Reference, go to the AirLeg described by the second mistake AirLeg 38 There are certain right of way rules for airplanes in these golden highways in the skies. Some of them are, when aircraft are converging at approximately the same altitude, but not head on, the aircraft to the other's right has the right of way. But a balloon has right of way over any other aircraft in this situation. And a glider has right of way over an airship, airplane, or rotorcraft. When approaching head on, each pilot should alter course to the right. But most important to know is that an aircraft in distress (or a student pilot - same thing!) has right of way

over all other air traffic at all times! Only kidding about the student pilot, I hope you know that! Anyway, that's FAR 91.113. 1) Turn to a heading of 350 2) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation VOT stand for? If your answer is Variable Omni Transmitter, go to AirLeg 27 If your answer is VOR Test Facility, go to AirLeg 18 AirLeg 39 1) Turn towards the San Andreas Lake 2) Descend to 1500 feet Now, you know why we've descended to 1500 feet here, don't you? Sure! That's the deck of the Class B airspace for section B. But you can't even hold this course for too long, because from 7.0 DME and inwards, the deck is at the deck, and just like with a prizefighter, you don't want to be decked! 3) When passing the 560 foot twin obstruction visual check point, turn LEFT to a heading of 200 4) When abeam the San Carlos airport, climb to 3500 feet 5) Take any VOR compass rose, and from magnetic north, add the next three major compass course numbers that are indicated in the counterclockwise direction. That's your AirLeg. AirLeg 40 1) Turn RIGHT towards DANVILLE 2) Climb to 2500 feet Is what you 're doing called pilotage or dead reckoning? Well, if you 're navigating by reference to visible landmarks (which you're not!), then that's pilotage. Whereas, dead reckoning is navigation along a predetermined course, based on time, speed, and distance calculations. The effects of wind are included when you do those calculations. Because you draw plotted lines, throw in the weight of winds, and then wait until you 're supposedly there, a lot of what you 're doing, here in Airienteering, is dead reckoning. Makes you want to tap your feet, doesn 't it! 3) Intercept airway V28 outbound from OAK VOR

4) According to the International Civil Aviation Organization phonetic alphabet, the letter O is pronounced: If your answer is October, go to AirLeg 2 If your answer is Oscar, go to AirLeg 22 AirLeg 41 1) Descend to 800 feet 2) Line up for a touch and go landing to San Francisco International airport's runway 19L 3) On the go, execute an immediate LEFT turnout to a heading of 100 4) Climb to 1500 feet 5) What is the operational kHz frequency band of the LORAN - Cs? If your answer is 90 to 110, go to AirLeg 88 If your answer is 85 to 155, go to AirLeg 104 If your answer is 75 to 123, go to AirLeg 52 AirLeg 42 1) Descend to 2500 feet Learning is an exciting adventure! While we 're talking about hot air balloons (we are?) my family and I had a parade of them go right over our house, a few months back. Hearing those gas jets turn on and off was our music that early morning. But I learned that, for instance, a balloon starts coming down when the burner cuts out. OK, I knew that! But I didn't know why! I know now, and I'll tell you! As the burner cuts out, the air in the balloon envelope cools. It contracts, and the volume of the air displaced by the balloon decreases. 2) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated The condition of being trapped in one's own trousers while trying to pull them on without first removing shoes. AirLeg 43 Enough of this Highways in the Skies educational stuff. Geez! You 'd think I was an instructor at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University or something, for crying out loud! Let's lighten up with

a jape, a drolerie, a sally, a waggery, a bon mot, a persliflage, a repartee - in other words, a joke! KNOCK, KNOCK! WHO'S THERE? LITTLE OLD LADY! LITTLE OLD LADY WHO? I DIDN'T KNOW YOU COULD YODEL! 1) Turn to a heading of 025 2) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. AirLeg 44 1) When intercepting the SFO VOR 090 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR_________________________(50 pts) Heading___________________________________(40 pts) Altitude____________________________________(30 pts) Radial from OAK VOR________________________(25 pts) DME from OAK VOR_________________________(15 pts) Deck of airspace in front of you__________________(10 pts) VSI ____________________________________(10 pts)

2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards the TOLL PLAZA 4) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. It refers to:

An oldie but goodie 1970 folk rock song AirLeg 45 When you first peek at the word 'radial', you think immediately that it comes from the spokewise direction of the VOR signal around 360 degrees. And that's partially right, but not totally right. To nail it down for you more specifically, the word 'radial' comes from the fact that those signals are radio lines of position, which allow you to hunker down on a navigation fix. 1) Climb to 3500 feet 2) Go to AirLeg 62 AirLeg 46 The Civil Aeronautics Board's authority over domestic routes and fares was eliminated by the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978. The routes and fares now became subject to United States anti-trust laws. Ultimately, the Civil Aeronautics Board itself was eliminated. 1) Turn towards NAS Alameda 2) What is the operational MHz frequency band of the VORs? If your answer is 108.0 to 117.95, go to AirLeg 108 If your answer is 107.0 to 119.95, go to AirLeg 116 If your answer is 110.0 to 118.95, go to AirLeg 114 AirLeg 47 By golly gumbo! You have made it through the first Airienteering scenario! Con-majorgratulations! Well, Doug and I, being the brats that we are, will be increasing the temperature for this San Francisco excursion! Always remember, to know us is to love us! With no further ado, I believe runway 27 Right has rolled out the aviation red carpet for your launch! 1) Takeoff runway 27L 2) According to the International Civil Aviation Organization phonetic alphabet, the letter B is pronounced: If your answer is Beta, go to AirLeg 55 If your answer is Bravo, go to AirLeg 84 AirLeg 48

Whenever you are flying on a VFR cross country, it is always a smart move to have flight following services. The controlling agency will simply keep track of you on their radar by your request, and it's kind of like having Big Brother watching over you! A classic example of this is when you desire to fly through a Military Operating Area (MOA) and you 're in its active airspace. Not that I condone that, but if done, have radar following you, so that they can tell you when to shuck and jive out of a military hot shot's path! 1) Track inbound on the OAK VOR 016 radial 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg. 12 3 24 6 48 12 __ 24 192

AirLeg 49 1) When overhead MOUNT DIABLO, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_____________________________________(80 pts) VSI _____________________________________(65 pts)

Radial from OAK VOR__________________________(50pts) DME from SFO VOR___________________________(40pts) DME from SAU VOR___________________________(40pts) Highest elevation point at Mt. Diablo,_______________(10pts) Height of tower on Mt. Diablo_____________________(10pts) Radial from SFO VOR__________________________(10pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Proceed direct to OAK VOR 4) Descend to 3500 feet 5) REIL is:

If your answer is Runway End Identifier Lights, go to AirLeg 5 If your answer is Runway End Intensity Lights, go to AirLeg 85 AirLeg 50 1) When 10.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards San Lorenzo 2) Upon crossing the SAN MATEO BRIDGE, climb to 2500 feet 3) When abeam Hayward airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from OAK VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______________________(35 pts) Heading_________________________________(35 pts) Altitude__________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SFO VOR_______________________(15 pts) Ceiling of Class D airspace you're in____________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) What does the big blue number in each block on a VFR sectional represent? If your answer is Three hundred feet above the tallest object in that block, go to AirLeg 25 If your answer is Five hundred feet above the tallest object in that block, go to AirLeg 38 AirLeg 51 Area navigation is known as RNAV, and what's mostly used is VOR DME based RNAV. It's magic! Within your RNAV unit, there is a smart little munchkin named a Course Line Computer. By telling your system enough information, you can make any point along your path into a phantom VOR station and go directly to or from that 'station'. Another term for it is a waypoint. So you can draw a straight line on your VFR sectional from departure to destination,

periodically along that course line make a waypoint, and then fly from phantom VOR to phantom VOR without a hitch! Ah, technology! 1) Enter RIGHT DOWNWIND for Hayward airport's runway 28R 2) Remain at 2100 feet until turning from BASE to FINAL 3) Overhead the midpoint of the runway, add FULL POWER, clean up, and depart straight ahead 4) Standard Service Volumes are: If your answer is VOR facility ranges based on altitude, go to AirLeg 40 If your answer is used primarily for off airway navigation, go to AirLeg 9 If your answer is ATC regulated entries from the enroute to terminal airspaces, go to AirLeg 93 AirLeg 52 1) Climb to 3000 feet There are more highways in the skies than you can shake a stick at! Victor airways, Jet airways, controlled airspaces, corridors, departure and arrival routes, wormholes (Oh sorry! That's Deep Space Nine!) and also preferred VFR and IFR routes. These are routes established between busy airports to increase system efficiency and capacity. For the most part, they are designed to achieve balanced traffic flows among high density terminals. 2) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Don't leave any store with new merchandise without visiting this place! AirLeg 53 1) Turn towards the city of BERKELEY The 1940 Amendment to the Civil Aeronautics Act was a proposal initiated by President Roosevelt. The intent was to reorganize the three existing agencies from the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938. The Civil Aeronautics Board, which was an independent group of five men, was to

report directly to the President. This was a joining of the Civil Aeronautics Authority and the Air Safety Board. The Civil Aeronautics Administration was to be headed by the Administrator for the execution of safety regulations. 2) When overhead GOLDEN GATE FIELDS , climb to 4500 feet 3) Go to the AirLeg number which satisfies the following pattern description 30 31 29 32 28 33 27 34 26 _____ AirLeg 54 You must have been distracted by something, because you 're not supposed to be here! It reminds me of the time when Professor Miller showed up at work with both ears bandaged. So I asked him what happened. 'I was watching the ballgame on TV, and my wife was ironing nearby,' he explained. 'She left for a moment, and the phone rang. I grabbed for it and put the hot iron to my ear instead.' 'But what happened to the other ear?' 'Wouldn 't you know? No sooner had I hung up than the guy called back! AirLeg 55 1) At 700 feet AGL, turn direct to SAU VOR 2) Climb to 2500 feet 3) When 3.0 DME from SAU VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(40 pts) CDI needle position to SAU VOR_____________(35 pts) Radial inbound___________________________(30 pts) Heading________________________________(20 pts) VS1 Gear Flaps _________________________________(15 pts) _________________________________(10 pts) _________________________________(5 pts)

4) Press P to continue the simulation The United States has a nationality mark of 'N'. Ireland has either an 'EI' or an EJ'. Austria has an 'OE'. The numbers following the nationality mark, on a plane, are the registration numbers issued to that particular airplane in its own country. Now, have fun with this puzzle! 5) Follow the instructions carefully on the following word change: 1. Write out the words MOUNT DIABLO___________________________ 2. Get rid of the letter A____________________________ 3. Reverse the order of the first five letters______________________________ 4. Replace the first consonant with an H _________________________________ 5. Replace all Os with Is, and all Is with Os______________________________ 6. Add a T between the fifth and sixth letters______________________________ 7. Switch the positions of the third and fourth consonants_____________________ 8. Copy the second and third consonants of the first word to the end of the second word________________________ 9. Drop the B and the L____________________________ 10. Transpose the second and third letters of the first word_______________________________ 11. Take the second vowel of the first word, and place it after the third consonant________________________ 12. Add an S after the first initial that's used for a doctor_____________________________ 13. Replace the fifth letter with the next lowest vowel_____________________________

14. Make the M into an R, and the D into a P________________________ Now, on the San Francisco Terminal Area chart, the original phrase's location has a tower at a certain AGL altitude, and the resulting phrase's location has a tower at a certain AGL altitude. Go to the AirLeg which is the difference between those two AGL altitudes. AirLeg 56 Under the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, all air transportation regulation, both economic and safety, was administered by three separate agencies: 1. The Civil Aeronautics Authority 2. An Administrator of Aviation 3. An Air Safety Board This was the first time the airline industry could look upon a firm regulatory system, making it possible to plan for future development. 1) Proceed to Livermore airport 2) When overhead Livermore airport, turn towards Treasure Island 3) The Runway edge lights marking the end of the runway emit red lights toward the runway to indicate the end of the runway to a departing aircraft, and emit________________lights outward from the runway end to indicate the threshold to a landing aircraft. FIND YOUR ANSWER SOMEWHERE IN THE FOLLOWING LETTER BOX PUZZLE. ITS ORIENTATION CAN BE IN ANY DIRECTION! B O L X N R U D A N J E V H S Y T P E C U P A C W R W R E B M A G Y H S E O Z J L M I A K E V P E C T S X D N S Z O E G N L T F

If your answer is in a diagonal direction, go to AirLeg 8 If your answer is in a vertical direction, go to AirLeg 26

If your answer is in a horizontal direction, go to AirLeg 52 AirLeg 57 1) Descend to 1500 feet 2) Arc clockwise 7.0 DME from SFO VOR Things speed up appreciably when arcing only 7 miles from a station! It's almost like you might as well keep a very shallow angle of bank, and that'll do the job! Do you see why we need that 1500 feet altitude as we head into section B of San Francisco's Class B airspace? There's no way to miss that lowered floor unless we go outbound on the SFO 090 radial, which you won't! 3) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. The point where the stream of drinking fountain water is at its perfect height, thus relieving the drinker from (a) having to suck the nozzle, or (b) squirting himself in the eye. AirLeg 58 Let's entertain you with a barrage of witty film, cartoon, and musical memorabilia! 1. What cartoon character lives in Jellystone Park and eats health food? Yogurt Bear 2. What is a dog's favorite movie? The Hounds of Music 3. What is a bee's favorite musical? Stinging in the Rain 4. What is the most boring Clark Gable film? Yawn in the Wind Free of charge, but certainly not any less important! 5. Why did the elephant paint himself all different colors? So he could hide in a package of M & M's In case you didn't realize it, this is a DEAD END! AirLeg 59 1) At 700 feet AGL, make a LEFT DOWNWIND departure

2) Climb to 3000 feet 3) Turn to intercept airway V107 4) When 6.5 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position from OAK VOR_________(45 pts) DME from SFO VOR____________________(45 pts) DME from SAU VOR____________________(40 pts) Radial from SAU VOR___________________(30 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) Heading______________________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(15 pts) Name of airport alongside of you___________(5 pts) 5) Press P to continue the simulation 6) Where do you find Low Altitude Preferred Routes information? If your answer is Airport Facilities Directory, go to AirLeg 106 If your answer is Airmen's Information Manual, go to AirLeg 62 AirLeg 60 Whenever you are at an airport that has pilot controlled lighting, simply select the approach VHF frequency and depress the microphone switch a number of times. Keying the mike 7 times in 5 seconds gets you maximum runway lighting intensity. Then subsequently 5 and 3 gives medium and low, respectively. The lights will usually stay on for 15 minutes after the time of the most recent transmission. 1) Just prior to being lined up on Half Moon Bay airport's runway 12, turn to overfly its length 2) At the approach end of runway 30, turn to a heading of 055 3) Climb to 3000 feet

4) How are the Wilderness Areas depicted on VFR sectional charts? If your answer is Blue line with dots, go to AirLeg 74 If your answer is Green line with slashes, go to AirLeg 21 AirLeg 61 1) When abeam the San Carlos airport, turn towards the TOLL PLAZA on the SAN MATEO BRIDGE When the Airmail Act of 1925 provided that the airlines would carry the airmail, it was apparent that they were neither financially able, nor large enough to provide for the maintenance and operation of the airway system organized for the Post Office operation. So, quickly came into the picture the Air Commerce Act of 1926. The federal government was charged with the operation and maintenance of the airway system, as well as all aids to air navigation, and to provide safety in air commerce generally through a system of regulation. So the federal government was head over heels involved with the growth and development of aviation by way of aiding and encouraging air transportation. 2) When crossing the SFO VOR 090 radial, climb to 2100 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 16 AirLeg 62 1) When 10.0 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI ___________________________________(25 pts) Autopilot_______________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation You hear a lot about transponders being a requirement when flying in Class B airspace, among other places. A transponder is a radio that senses the presence of radar, and sends back a special coded reply in response to a radar signal. This signal allows the radar to 'see' a small aircraft as easily as a large airliner. See why it's required now? Without a transponder, the radar relies on the initial components of the airframe to reflect its signal back. That's called a primary radar return. While from a transponder, it's called a secondary radar return since it's a signal which has been given vitamins for its return trip! 3) When did the Federal Aviation Administration begin?

If your answer is 1966, go to AirLeg 42 If your answer is 1958, go to AirLeg 24 If your answer is 1932, go to AirLeg 58 AirLeg 63 1) When overhead the athletic field near Fremont, turn towards STANFORD UNIVERSITY 2) When overhead Palo Alto airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(40 pts) DME from SFO VOR______________________(35 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_____________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) VSI ___________________________________(20 pts) Autopilot_______________________________(10 pts) Height of obstruction southwest of you_________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) The Federal Aviation Administration answers to the Secretary of Transportation. Who did the first FAA answer to? If your answer is Congress, go to AirLeg [C] If your answer is The President of the USA, go to AirLeg [A] If your answer is Secretary of Defense, go to AirLeg [B] note: with A = 1, and Z = 26 A. Take the number of letters in 'Federal', and repeat it for a two digit number, and add the numerical equivalent of the sixth letter.

B. Take a sum of the numerical equivalents in the alphabet of the word 'Aviation', and add 2 to it. C. Take the number of letters in 'Administration' and subtract 1. AirLeg 64 1) Turn towards IMPLY intersection on airway V107 On most VORs, there is usually an associated DME. The VOR is on a VHF frequency, whereas the DME is on a UHF frequency. So roll back the curtain, turn on the spotlights, for here comes the paired frequencies concept! 'Ladies and gentlemen! When you turn to the VHF frequency for VOR, automatically the DME's UHF signal piggybacks onto it, and you get two mints in one!' Oh, that's the Doublemint commercial! 2) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Classic police versus bad guy line!

AirLeg 65 1) Descend to 50 feet 2) Make a low pass directly overhead the length of runway 25, NAS Alameda 3) Overhead the departure end, maintain a path straight ahead, and perform a Vx climb to 2500 feet Move over Blue Angels! Move over Thunderbirds! Now watch this, all you fans below! Full Power! Ooooohhhhh! 4) Go to AirLeg 53 AirLeg 66 On February 2nd, Congress passed the Airmail Act of 1925, which gave civil air transportation its start in the United States. Due to this Act, contracts could be awarded to private contractors for the transportation of airmail. Colonial Air Lines received the first airmail contract, but the honor for being the first in operation goes to Henry Ford, who owned Ford Air Transport! 1) Intercept and track outbound on the SFO VOR 120 radial 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) What are the altitude limits of the Victor airways?

If your answer is 1200 feet to, but not including, 18,000 feet, go to AirLeg 61 If your answer is 1000 feet to, but not including, 14,500 feet, go to AirLeg 10 AirLeg 67 Changeover points are used on Victor airways where you change from one VOR station (behind you) to another along your route of flight. There are three ways of determining when you've arrived at a changeover point. 1. Either at the halfway point OR 2. where designated on the low or high altitude enroute chart OR 3. where the airway changes direction The designation on a chart looks like what I call a half a swastika, where the distance to and from each end of the airway is shown. 1) When 22.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn to intercept airway V6 inbound to OAK VOR 2) Descend to 2500 feet 3) What scale is the VFR WAC chart drawn to? If your answer is 1:500,000, go to AirLeg 24 If your answer is 1:1,000,000, go to AirLeg 109 AirLeg 68 1) Climb to 3000 feet 2) When crossing OAK VOR, track outbound on the OAK VOR 040 radial 3) When 14.0 DME from SFO VOR, commence a climb to 3500 feet 4) Three playing cards are placed face down on a card table as shown below. Identify each card based on the following information.

1. A spade is to the left of a club 2. A diamond is to the left of a five 3. One card is an eight 4. A two is to the left of a spade Go to the AirLeg whose card is a spade. AirLeg 69 1) When intercepting the SFO VOR 280 radial, turn towards Bolinas Bay to the northwest 2) When 10.0 DME from SFO VOR, climb to 2500 feet What do you get if you cross a rhinoceros with a goose? An animal that honks before it runs you over! 3) What scale is the VFR Terminal Area chart drawn to? If your answer is 1:500,000, go to AirLeg 52 If your answer is 1:250,000, go to AirLeg 98 AirLeg 70 You know, talking about highways in the skies, one of the most important highway designators are the approach light systems. Granted, they are mostly praised by pilots flying in yukky weather trying to find the threshold of a runway, but they're also helpful to VFR pilots. Approach light systems are a configuration of signal lights starting at the landing threshold and extending into the approach area a distance of 2400-3000 feet for precision instrument runways, and 1400-

1500 feet for nonprecision instrument runways. Flying into San Francisco and Oakland airports, you'll see them as a ball of light traveling towards the runway at high speed. 1) Descend to 2000 feet 2) Go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 71 Yeah! So far so good! If this is your first completed destination, then pat yourself on the back! If this is your second, your perseverance is an inspiration! If this is your third, then I'd say you're committed to the fun and challenges which Airienteering has to offer! And if this is your fourth, go on to Scenario number three and trip the light fantastic in New York! 1) Line up for final on runway 11, Oakland International airport 2) Happy Landings! AirLeg 72 1) Takeoff on runway 29 There are two basic types of surveillance radar used to monitor activity in our highways in the skies. Kind of like the radar guns used by police, but you don't get a ticket for speeding! First of all, there's the Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR), which is a long range system to monitor airplanes during the enroute phase of flight. And then there's the Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR), which is a relatively short range radar system used to monitor airplanes operating within the airspace immediately surrounding some airports. It's used primarily for a non precision radar instrument approach to a landing. 2) What is the operational kHz frequency band of the NDBs? If your answer is 190 to 535, go to AirLeg 3 If your answer is 105 to 750, go to AirLeg 59 AirLeg 73 What does a 500pound mouse say? 'Here kitty! Here kitty!' Why do flamingos stand on one leg? Because if they picked up the other leg, they would fall over!

1) Descend to 900 feet 2) Make a short field landing on runway 25L, Livermore airport 3) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 74 1) Intercept and track outbound on the SFO VOR 150 radial 2) When 12.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI position from SFO VOR_______________(50 pts) Heading______________________________(40 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) DME from OAK VOR_____________________(15 pts) VSI ________________________________(15 pts)

3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) This is a famous magic square made by the German artist Durer. Find the number which is unique to this puzzle, and go to that AirLeg. 16 5 9 4 AirLeg 75 1) When crossing airway V6, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR_____________________(40 pts) DME from OAK VOR_____________________(40 pts) DME from SAU VOR _____________________(35 pts) 3 10 6 15 2 11 7 14 13 8 12 1

Radial from SFO VOR ____________________(25 pts) Altitude________________________________(20 pts) Heading_______________________________(10pts) VSI ________________________________(10pts)

Autopilot_______________________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Little Nancy Netticoat Has a white petticoat The longer she stands The shorter she grows Now cross both your hands, And tell me who knows. AirLeg 76 Currently, Federal assistance for airports is provided by the Airport Improvement Program, which awards grants to airports proportionally based on formulas considering use (enplaned passengers or pounds of cargo) and location (land area and population of the State). 1) When crossing the SFO VOR 150 radial, descend to 1500 feet 2) When 10.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards a heading of 025 3) Climb to 3000 feet 4) What was the name of the first FAA? If your answer is Federal Aviation Administration, go to AirLeg 36 If your answer is Federal Aviation Agency, go to AirLeg 86 If your answer is Federal Aviation Authority, go to AirLeg 70

AirLeg 77 1) When crossing the SFO VOR 280 radial, climb to 2000 feet 2) When abeam the 940 foot large cross, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(50 pts) VSI _________________________________(40 pts)

DME from SAU VOR_______________________(30 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(30 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______________________(25 pts) Heading________________________________(20 pts) Distance to Hunters Point___________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) A PAPI is a: If your answer is Precision Approach Path Indicator, go to AirLeg 82 If your answer is Pulsating Approach Path Indicator, go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 78 1) Turn towards Treasure Island 2) Descend to 1000 feet With the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, the Civil Aeronautics Administration became the Federal Aviation Agency. Rather than being answerable to the Department of Commerce, the Federal Aviation Agency was standing on its own two feet, and answered only to Congress and the President.

3) You must have a Mode C transponder to operate within ______nautical miles of a Class B airspace. If your answer is 30, go to AirLeg 102 If your answer is 20, go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 79 1) Climb to 2500 feet You know, there is a little known feature to cross country flying, called Tower Enroute Control routes (TEC). They link approach control areas between certain city pairs, allowing the flight to be completed using tower communication (approach/departure) only. These routes are designed for short low level flights in a busy traffic environment. Tower enroute clearances are available in many places without filing a flight plan, by simply calling Clearance Delivery and requesting it. 2) When 25.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(40 pts) DME from OAK VOR______________________(25 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_____________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(20 pts)

Name of intersection you just passed___________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Go to AirLeg 96 AirLeg 80 1) Turn to a heading of 270 2) Solve the following cross number puzzle. All numbers are to be written as Roman numerals. ACROSS 1. 3 down + 13 3. An odd number 4. A number between 1 and 20 DOWN 1. A number between 1 and 40 2. 5 down multiplied by 6 3. See 6 across

6. No information is needed

5. 4 across divided by 2

Go to the AirLeg corresponding to 2 down' AirLeg 81 1) When 23.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn to a heading of 030 At this distance, every radial is separated by about 1/3 of a nautical mile. At 60 miles from a VOR station, one radial is separated from its neighbor by 1 nautical mile. So for a quick calculation, just take the DME you're on approximately, and divide it by 60. The result will be the number of miles between radials at that distance. 2) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Runs all day and never walks, Often murmurs, never talks; It has a bed and never sleeps; It has a mouth and never eats. AirLeg 82 1) Turn towards Alcatraz Island Alcatraz Island, Point Bonita which is almost due south ofSausalito VOR, and Moss Beach near Half Moon Bay airport, all have a circular filled in symbol which is a neat point of recognition from the air. All three of those places have marine lights whose purpose is to steer lost seamen to

shore or warn them away from rocks. But you 're neither of those categories, so just enjoy them as is! 2) At 9.8 DME from SFO VOR, climb to 3000 feet 3) Choose the proper solution from the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Anchovies, sausage, pepperoni, bacon, pineapple, green peppers, pepperoncini, onions AirLeg 83 A VOR station is called a passive system, whereas or anon or alas or in contrast or but, Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is considered an active system. That is because in order to receive a DME signal, the aircraft must first send out an interrogatory pulse itself. Therefore, it actively starts the process. What happens is that the station clones the signal sent to it, and then mirrors it back to the starting point which is your aircraft. Knowing the speed of the signal and the time it took to get a reply, then distance is computed and displayed within your cockpit. 1) When 10.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards Hayward airport 2) On VFR Sectional Aeronautical charts, non-directional radiobeacons are shown in what color? If your answer is Magenta, go to AirLeg 20 If your answer is Black, go to AirLeg 30 AirLeg 84 1) At 500 feet AGL, turn towards the GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE 2) Climb to 3000 feet Incredible! Take a peek at this progressive building block of puzzle espionage and counterespionage! 1) puzzle - implies such a baffling quality or such intricacy that one has great difficulty in understanding or solving it 2) perplex - in addition, implies uncertainty or even worry as to what to think, say, or do 3) confuse - implies a mixing up mentally to a greater or lesser degree 4) confound - implies such confusion as completely frustrates or greatly astonishes one

5) bewilder - implies such utter confusion that the mind is staggered beyond the ability to think clearly 6) to nonplus - is to cause such perplexity or confusion that one is utterly incapable of speaking, acting, or thinking further 7) dumbfound - specifically implies as its effect a nonplused or confounded state in which one is momentarily struck speechless Well, thank heavens this Airienteering book is made up only of puzzles! 3) When overhead the GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude__________________________________(45 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(40 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(35 pts) Heading_________________________________(25 pts) VSI __________________________________(15 pts)

Gear ____________________________________(10 pts) Flaps ____________________________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Decipher the following cryptogram question. Jt uif Benjojtusbups pg uif GBB bqqpjoufe cz uif Qsftjefou ps ijsfe cz uif Tfdsfubsz pg Usbotqpsubujpo? If your answer is Bqqpjoufe, go to AirLeg 31 If your answer is Ijsfe, go to AirLeg 6 AirLeg 85 You've noticed how almost everything is done by way of VOR facilities. Current day history, VORs are our eyes in the skies - but wait! Look! It's a bird, it's a plane, no, it's SuperSatellites! The ultimate in air navigation is going to become the Global Positioning System (GPS), which

consists of 21 satellites in very high Saturn orbit! (OK, earth orbit!) Would you believe its expected accuracy specification is within 100 meters 95% of the time? 1) When 15.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI ______________________________(45 pts)

Autopilot_____________________________(15 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) An L-1 1 Enroute Low Altitude Instrument Chart covers what area? If your answer is North Midwest, go to AirLeg 43 If your answer is North West Coast, go to AirLeg 38 AirLeg 86 1) When abeam CAL STATE UNIVERSITY, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from OAK VOR____________________________(30 pts) DME from SFO VOR_____________________________(30 pts) Altitude________________________________________(25 pts) Heading_______________________________________(20 pts) VSI ________________________________________(15 pts)

Radial from SFO VOR_____________________________(15 pts) Between what two Victor airways are you? _________________________________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards the G.M. PLANT 4) What does WILCO mean?

If your answer is I have received your message and will comply, go to AirLeg 63 If your answer is I hear you and understand your message, go to AirLeg 17 AirLeg 87 This is going to be a tough one if you ever find yourself here, because it means you've made several connecting mistakes and you will have to unthread your way back. A word of advice is to research the answers to the questions, and never guess. Backtrack your path and check each answer by reading it line by line and word by word! Happy trails! AirLeg 88 1) When 10.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn to a heading of 060 2) Intercept and track outbound on the SFO VOR 090 radial 3) Continue outbound until abeam the drag strip south of Fremont 4) What does IMC stand for? If your answer is In Meteorological Clouds, go to AirLeg 79 If your answer is Instrument Meteorological Conditions, go to AirLeg 95 AirLeg 89 1) When overhead Palo Alto airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________________(40 pts) Altitude_________________________________________(35 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________________(25 pts) VSI _________________________________________(20 pts)

Ceiling of Palo Alto's Class D airspace_________________(10 pts)

2) Press P to continue the simulation If you were in Palo Alto's Class D airspace, the only requirement you would need to have met is to establish two way radio communications with the control tower. Always call far enough away from the Class D airspace boundary so that you don't enter it before establishing communications. Now here are some interesting notes! 1) If the controller responds to your radio call with your call sign, and then says 'Standby', you can enter the Class D airspace! Radio communications have been established! 2) If the controller responds to your radio call without using your aircraft call sign, then radio communications have not been established. In that case, don't even think about entering the Class D airspace! Well, you can think about it, but disconnect the mental image with the physical action! 3) Turn towards Calaveras Reservoir 4) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. One sock in every laundry load disappears to this place AirLeg 90 1) When crossing the airway V25-87, turn to a heading of 270 degrees 2) When crossing the SFO VOR 190 radial, turn to parallel the foothills of the Montara Mountains 3) Descend to 2000 feet 4) When intercepting the SFO VOR 228 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR_______________________(30 pts) Heading________________________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(20 pts) Radial from OAK VOR______________________(15 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(15 pts) Floor of Class B airspace you're in_____________(5 pts)

Floor of Class B airspace in front of you_________(5 pts) 5) Press P to continue the simulation 6) What is the meaning of the six vertical white stripes you see on some runways? If your answer is Threshold markers, go to AirLeg 38 If your answer is Touchdown Zone, go to AirLeg 46 AirLeg 91 1) Line up straight in to runway 27L, Oakland International, for a practice stop and go landing A stop and go is simply a landing to a full stop, with an expected clearance by the Tower to go soon after you've stopped. Try to touch down right on the numbers, 27L, as a personal challenge from me to you! 2) Go to AirLeg 47 AirLeg 92 Solve this message and you'll know what to do! C INAONB TLEEIEV HTTA M'l TA NATOEHD RAEE DDN! Clue: In pairs, we're mixed up! Flip flop every two letters. AirLeg 93 1) Turn to a heading of 010 If you look at Oakland's VORTAC box, and compare it to San Francisco's VOR DME box or Sausalito 's VORTAC box, you'll notice that it is much more heavily lined than the other two. Dost thou knoweth what it meaneth noweth, or notteth? The heavily lined box means that at that airport, there is a Flight Service Station on board. So you can walk in and get a face to face weather brief, which is incredible fun! Fm serious, it is!! 2) On the VASI landing system, red over red means: If your answer is you are too low, go to AirLeg 45 If your answer is you are too high, go to AirLeg 80

AirLeg 94 The workmen have just walked away from re-tarring the surface of San Carlos' runway. Unbeknownst to the world as you know it, there is the sadistic black tar goo creature that killed Tasha Yar in a Star Trek The Next Generation episode - awaiting some San Francisco denizen or visitor (such as yourself!) to fly into its schlucky ooze dripping powered claws with a thirst that Coca Cola can't quench! As you see it slime over your windows, you realize that there is easily a fate worse than an FAA checkride! AirLeg 95 1) Turn towards the dam on the San Antonio Reservoir 2) Climb to 2000 feet The Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970 was to provide for the expansion and improvement of the airports and airway systems of the United States. To do this, one feature was that Congress enacted the airport and airway user charge. 3) When crossing the powerlines, turn for a LEFT BASE entry towards Livermore airport 4) Go to the AirLeg which is the sum of the following: - Hay ward airport's elevation - Oakland International airport's elevation - San Francisco International airport's elevation - Double San Carlos airport's elevation - Palo Alto airport's elevation AirLeg 96 Incredible! We've just flown through a time warp, and what do we see? Cartoon characters of many of Boeing's finest through the years! The B-17 Flying Fortress, the B-29 and B-50 Superfortresses, the C-97 Stratrofreighter, the B-47 Stratojet, the B-52 Stratofortress, the KC135 jet Stratotanker, the C-135 jet transport, a stratoliner, some Model 314 Flying Boats, postwar Stratocruisers, and certainly not to be missed, a 707, 727, 737, 747, 757, 767, and 777! They're saying something garbled over the radios! What is it? I think you're right! They ARE saying 'You don't belong here!' Back all engines, 13MIKE! Let's blow this pop-stand! AirLeg 97

An airspeed is an airspeed only when you 're solely talking about airspeed! Forsooth, there are four refreshingly thirst quenching kinds of airspeeds which are vital for pilots to realize. They come under a beverage called ICE-T! 'I' is for indicated airspeed, which is what your instrument tells you. 'C' is for calibrated airspeed, which is indicated airspeed corrected for instrument or position errors. 'E' is for equivalent airspeed, which is calibrated airspeed corrected for compressibility errors. And 'T' is for true airspeed, which is equivalent airspeed corrected for pressure altitude and temperature. 1) Turn towards MOUNT DIABLO 2) Climb to 5500 feet 3) What was the name of the very first organization that later became the FAA as we know it today? If your answer is Bureau of Air Commerce, go to AirLeg 49 If your answer is Civil Aeronautics Administration, go to AirLeg 18 If your answer is Civil Aeronautics Authority, go to AirLeg 110 AirLeg 98 1) When crossing the SAU VOR 240 radial, turn towards TREASURE ISLAND 2) When overhead the GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(35 pts) Heading________________________________(35 pts) VSI _________________________________(30 pts)

DME from SFO VOR_______________________(15 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(15 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. The moist residue left on a window after a dog presses its nose to it.

AirLeg 99 Some famous quotes from others who arrived at this point! I have not yet begun to fight! Let's try another AirLeg! John Paul Jones Give me the right answer, or give me death! - Patrick Henry I had a dream, but now I have a headache! - Martin Luther King Jr. I came, I saw, I blew it! - Julius Caesar That's one small step for man, one giant leap in the wrong direction for my mind! - Neil Armstrong AirLeg 100 1) Intercept and track inbound on airway V107 to OAK VOR 2) When overhead DECOT intersection, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position to OAK VOR_____________(40 pts) Altitude_________________________________(35 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(35 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(30 pts) VSI _________________________________(20 pts)

Name of airport in front of you________________(10 pts) Closest visual check point to you______________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) According to the Federal Aviation Regulations manual, what does the abbreviation HIRL stand for? If your answer is High Intensity Runway Lights,

TL GL ZRIOVT LMV If your answer is Height of Instrument Runway Localizer, TL GL ZRIOVT GDVMGB ULFI AirLeg 101 Ref Accident Report 1732117 Dear Sir: I am writing in response to your request for additional information. In block number one of the accident report, I put poor planning as the cause of my accident. You said in your letter that I should explain more fully and I trust the following details will be sufficient. I am a bricklayer by trade. On the day of the accident, I was working alone on the roof of a new six-story building. When I completed the work, I discovered that I had about 500 pounds of bricks left over. Rather than carry the bricks down by hand, I decided to lower them in a barrel by using a pulley which, unfortunately, was attached to the side of the building at the sixth floor. Securing the rope at ground level, I went up to the roof, swung the barrel out and loaded the brick into it. Then I went back to the ground and untied the rope, holding it tightly to insure a slow descent of the 500 pounds of brick. After the rope tore through my gloves and severely burned my palms, I must have instinctively tightened my grip even further. You will note in block number eleven of the accident report that I weigh 154 pounds. Due to my surprise in being jerked off the ground so suddenly, I lost my presence of mind and neglected to let go of the rope. Needless to say, I proceeded at a rather rapid rate up the side of the building. In the vicinity of the 3rd floor, I met the barrel coming down. This explains the fractured skull and broken collar bone. I continued my rapid ascent, not stopping until the fingers of my right hand were two knuckles deep into the pulley. Fortunately, by this time, I had regained my presence of mind and was able to hold tightly to the rope in spite of the pain. At approximately the same time, however, the barrel hit the ground and the bottom fell out. Devoid of the weight of the bricks, the barrel now weighed approximately 50 pounds. I refer you again to my weight in block number eleven. As you might imagine, I began a rapid descent down the side of the building. In the vicinity of the 3rd floor, I met the barrel coming up. This accounts for the two fractured ankles and lacerations of my legs and lower body. The encounter with the barrel slowed me enough to lessen my injuries when I fell onto the pile of bricks. I believe that is when I bit off the tip of my tongue and cracked the three left ribs. As for the facial and chest lacerations and broken jaw - I'm sorry to have to say that as I lay there on the bricks, barely conscious, in terrible pain, unable to move let alone stand, looking out of the corner of my eye at the empty barrel six stories above me, I again lost my presence of mindand let go of the rope.

AirLeg 102 1) When crossing the SAN MATEO BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(30 pts) DME from SFO VOR______________________(30 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_____________________(25 pts) Altitude_________________________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(20 pts)

Radial from SAU VOR______________________(20 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(10 pts) ATIS frequency for San Francisco International airport_____________________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Intercept and fly counterclockwise on the SFO VOR 7.0 DME arc 4) Intercept and track inbound on the SFO VOR 010 radial 5) Add up the heavy drawn Class B distance rings from San Francisco VORTAC, and then divide the result by 2. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 103 1) At 20.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards the two bridges north of Palo Alto airport 2) When abeam the KGO RADIO STATION, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________________________(25 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(25 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______________________(20 pts)

Altitude_________________________________(15 pts) VSI _________________________________(10 pts)

DME from OAK VOR______________________(10 pts) Ceiling of the Class B airspace you're in________(5 pts) Palo Alto's ATIS frequency__________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) What is the operational MHz frequency band of the DMEs? If your answer is 962 to 1213, find the outbound radial for airway V195, reverse the numbers, and drop the last number. Go to that AirLeg. If your answer is 982 to 1115, add up the Maximum Elevation Figures (MEF) for the area blocks that include 1) San Francisco International airport, 2) the Toll Plaza, and 3) Treasure Island. Divide by 100 and go to that AirLeg. If your answer is 976 to 1311, find the designated longest runway length at NAS Alameda and divide by 100. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 104 Determining lines of position and fixes is at the heart of all navigational problems. With this information, it is possible to calculate the headings you must follow in order to arrive at your destination. A fix is made wherever two or more lines of position (LOPs) cross. Determining your location with respect to the earth's surface is called fixing a position. 1) Intercept and track inbound on the OAK VOR 160 radial 2) When crossing the SFO VOR 090 radial, climb to 2000 feet 3) What does ADF stand for? If your answer is Automatic Direction Finder, go to AirLeg 68

If your answer is Automated Director Facility, go to AirLeg 24 AirLeg 105 1) Turn towards DUBLIN 2) Descend to 2500 feet 3) When 30.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the. simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) DME from SAU VOR_______________________(15 pts) VSI __________________________________(10 pts)

Radial from SAU VOR______________________(10 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) What is a TACAN? If your answer is A ground based electronic navigation aid transmitting very high frequency navigation signals, 360 degrees in azimuth, oriented from magnetic north, go to AirLeg 15 If your answer is A ground based electronic navigation aid transmitting ultra high frequency navigation signals in a rho-theta environment, go to AirLeg 97 AirLeg 106 True or False! The shortest distance between any two points is a straight line. No matter what your math teacher said, or sociology teacher said, it's not always true! It was true until

Christopher Columbus' discovery that he didn 't fall off the edge of the world, making it therefore round! The circles whose planes run through the center of the Earth are known as great circles. These are of special significance to a navigator, such as yourself You just don't know it yet! An arc of a great circle represents the shortest distance between any two points on the earth's surface connected by that arc. 1) Turn towards SUNOL GOLF COURSE 2) Place the numbers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 along the sides of the triangle below, using each number only once, such that the numbers along each side (including the given numbers 1, 2, and 3) add to 17.

Take the sum of the 4 newly added numbers on the left side and the bottom side of the triangle, and mosey over to that AirLeg! AirLeg 107 1) When 10.5 DME from SFO VOR, descend to 2000 feet 2) When 7.5 DME from SFO VOR, turn to a heading of 220 The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978's primary purpose is given in its opening paragraph: 'To encourage, develop, and attain an air transportation system which relies on competitive market forces to determine the quality, variety, and price of air services, and for other purposes.' And that is exactly what is happening today! Depending upon who you're talking to, it's for better or for worse, with no end of the debate in sight! 3) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

He went to the wood and caught it, He sat him down and sought it; Because he could not find it, Home with him he brought it. AirLeg 108 1) Intercept the final approach course for San Francisco International airport, runway 10R 2) HAPPY LANDINGS! If this is your first Happy Landing, congratulations! Now take a breath, have a bowl of ice cream, pop some popcorn, jump in the shower, do some push-ups, and then get back on your computer terminal and find the other three good series of AirLegs! AirLeg 109 1) At 6.5 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position to OAK VOR_____________(45 pts) Heading________________________________(45 pts) Altitude_________________________________(35 pts) DME from SAU VOR_______________________(20 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______________________(15 pts) Name of body of water you just passed __________________________________(5 pts) Variation line you're close to__________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation Victor airways between VORs shown on low altitude enroute charts are marked at either end with the radial out of that VOR. These radials are not always exact reciprocals of each other, especially on east west tracks for two reasons: I. great circles (which the airways are) cross the north-south meridians of longitude at different angles, and 2. magnetic variation changes

slightly across the country. This affects the calculation of the magnetic course from the true course. 3) Turn to a heading of 250 4) Descend to 2000 feet 5) Which part in the Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) deals with airmen medical requirements? If your answer is Part 67, go to AirLeg 65 If your answer is Part 141, go to AirLeg 38 If your answer is Part 92, go to AirLeg 80 AirLeg 110 ICAO stands for the International Civil Aviation Organization. You know how a Ford automobile is known to be American, while a Toyota is known to be Japanese, and so on and so forth? Well, airplanes are distinguished by their nationality marks. For most civil aircraft, they are either one or two letters or a number and a letter which is painted on both sides of the fuselage or tail It is also displayed on the underside of the wing. Each country that belongs to the ICAO reports its nationality mark to the organization. 1) When 25.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn towards HUNTERS POINT 2) Descend to 2500 feet 3) Choose the proper word from the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. The act of blowing on the tip of a pencil after sharpening it. AirLeg 111 A Navy F14 Tomcat flies right through your right wing, crumbling it to smithereens! At the same time, an Air Force F15 Strike Eagle climbs right up through your left wing, wrapping it like a Roll Gold pretzel, around the top of your aircraft. An Army UH-53 Sea Stallion helicopter, recovering from autorotation, chunks off a portion of your tail! You are now flying a box which will shortly turn into a boat! AirLeg 112

This has absolutely nothing to do with this airleg or question or what you 're flying over, but neither do any of the other comments throughout this book! Would you like to fathom a guess as to which airline first employed stewardesses in 1930? Fly the Friendly Skies of- yup! 1) Climb to 3000 feet 2) When 15.0 DME from SFO VOR, turn to a heading of 150 3) What is a VOR? If your answer is A ground based electronic navigation aid transmitting very high frequency navigation signals, 360 degrees in azimuth, oriented from magnetic north, go to AirLeg 86 If your answer is A ground based electronic navigation aid transmitting very high frequency navigation signals and distance measuring equipment at one site, go to AirLeg 24 AirLeg 113 1) Takeoff on runway 11 2) At 1000 feet AGL, make a LEFT CROSSWIND departure 3) Climb to 3500 feet 4) When overhead the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________________________(50 pts) Altitude__________________________________(45 pts) DME from OAK VOR________________________(40 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_______________________(35 pts) Radial from SFO VOR_______________________(25 pts)

VSI

__________________________________(15 pts)

DME from SFO VOR________________________(10 pts) 5) Press P to continue the simulation 6) Go to AirLeg 27 AirLeg 114 It is so sweet in the skies of aviation up here! There are many, many marriages which take place, and it just makes one sigh with ecstatic and overwhelming longing for mushy interaction and eternal bliss! Step aside Harlequin and Kismet! What I'm referring to are the Victor airways. There's a marriage on the 145 degree radial from SFO VOR, which is Victor 25 and 87. Another one on the 093 degree radial from OAK VOR, which is Victor 195 and 301. There's a real lively bunch on the 060 degree radial from OAK VOR! Victor 28, 109, 244, and 392! They are simply airways which converge along the same track for some interval of distance until they again go their separate ways. 1) Turn towards the warehouse east of airway V25-87 2) Climb to 4000 feet 3) Go to AirLeg 85 AirLeg 115 1) Descend to 2000 feet 2) Turn towards NAS Alameda 3) Overfly NAS Alameda runway 31 There are a bunch of stars which span the bridge from north San Francisco to Treasure Island. Where would you find what their significance is? In the legends of Lassie, Davy Crockett, Johnny Appleseed, Little Green Giant, no! The legend of your Terminal Area chart! Under MISCELLANEOUS, you 11 see them depicted as flashing lights - which makes sense for a bridge to me! 4) Choose the proper solution from the Riddle-Me-Dee section at the end of this scenario, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Metal and bone I may be, Many teeth I have and always bared, Yet my bite harms no one, And ladies delight in my touch.

AirLeg 116 1) Reverse your course 180 degrees 2) When abeam the HALF MOON BAY airport, turn towards BAY MEADOWS 3) Climb to 3000 feet 4) Go to AirLeg 18

Puzzle Tribes

Riddle-Me-Dees
A Lighted Candle - 99

A Lake - 28 Bluebird - 18 Car Horn - 38 Chair -12 Clock - 32 Coin - 4 Comb - 54 Eyeball -103 Fireplace - 62 Fur -16 Paper - 91 River - 27 Thorn - 66 Wheel - 73 Wind - 79 Winter - 47

Silly Sniglets
Aqualibrium - 66 Blithwapping - 90 Bobblogesture - 73 Coeggulant - 61 Creedles -14 Flowfright - 87

Glutetic Chair - 2 Grinion - 85 Hozone - 54 Ignisecond -101 Magniphobia - 79 McMonia - 87 Penciventilation - 58 Phistel - 22 Photoyokel -19 Pupkus- 31 Slackjam - 80

Air Warriors
Oh Boy! Are you in for it now! Professor Calfior and I were talking about the theme for the third scenario when I mentioned military aircraft. Well, let me tell you, he started salivating on the spot and began talking with his hands like all those jet jockeys do! You know what I mean? After a couple of hours of this we decided that it might be fun for Professor Calfior to turn his hand jives into comments for Air Warriors! I cannot believe how he jumped at this opportunity to talk about his military experience and his love of combat flying. I wish we could include all the experience and information that Professor Calfior has about the art of combat flying. He has a ton of stories. But, unfortunately, we do not have the room. Maybe in the next Airienteering book we can turn Professor Calfior loose again for more stories that he tells with his hands! Now, we are going to test your knowledge of not only WWI and WWII aircraft but also their drivers. You will probably need to breakout all the books you have on WWI and WWII. This scenario is just full of hard, difficult, mean, terrible, nasty, and down right not easy questions and puzzles! Professor Calfior has gone off the deep end on this one. I tried to save you by requesting that Professor Calfior use a little compassion, when generating these questions and puzzles. But he just looked at me and grinned! Please do not blame me, poor Professor Miller! I have fought the good fight, but now it is your turn! Happy flying! In this scenario, there are no free Go To statements! It's all questions and puzzles! Oh boy! The Air Warrior questions are all research intensive. Unless you have an encyclopedic brain, you'll have to hit some of the reference books to find the answers. Here, deviousness reigns! And we have succumbed to its call! The Silly Sniglets, Puzzle Tribes, Mathematical Progressions, and chart interpretation puzzles are back in true form. But in addition, we have added The Gallery! This is a descriptive series of well known wartime airplanes, which you must match to a list at the end of the scenario. These will definitely captivate your interest and keep you flying on the edge of your ejection seat! SETUP Aircraft: 1) Choose Cessna Skylane RG SETUP: Weather: 1) Set Surface winds DEPTH to 7500 2) Set Surface winds DIR to 300

3) Set Surface winds SPEED to 12 Aircraft Position: 1) NORTH to 17031.6856 ____ [N040 38' 56.9349] 2) EAST to 21071.2717 ----- [W073 45' 39.7569] 3) ALTITUDE to 19 ---- [0] 4) HEADING to 130 note: At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. Set ZOOM to 1.0 For Version 4.0 - DPK VOR frequency is 111.2 FLIGHT When undergoing jet flight training in the Navy, the most intense, incredible, adrenaline bashing, and panic pumping stage of all stages for me was the Air Combat Maneuvers! From the initial head-on engagement, it was pull, buffet, swivel head, sweat, pull, roll, reverse roll, buffet, grunt the G 's out, unload, pull, buffet, snap my head the other way, grunt, curse because I lost sight of the target, there he is! Pull, grunt the G 's out, buffet, roll, roll the other way, pull, and on and on! The art of making an instantaneous decision and jumping on a given advantage due to my opponent's mistakes were fine tuned and became as natural as breathing, or in this case, grunting! Sometimes, when intensely pulling a 6 to 7 G maneuver to set myself up, or evade someone on my six (behind me), a black curtain would roll in before my eyes, because all the blood rushed towards my feet or something! Listening to myself on the intercom microphone system, I'd hear wheezing and whistling and huffing and groaning and achy moans! By the end of a one hour hop, my flight suit would be dripping wet with sweat as I hauled my bone numbed body out of the cockpit and prepared for the debrief as to how I did, and where I missed my opportunities to bring down or kill the enemy! My blood internally felt alive and exhilarated with the fever pitched pace of the past hour! Though wiped out physically, at the same time I was spring loaded and crying out to jump in the cockpit again and fly another Air Combat mission exercise! Gosh, it was a glorious phase of flight training, and one that I'll never forget! I understand what made these Air Warriors that you '11 be reading about do what they did, time and time again. You 'd think Baron von Richthofen, better known as the Red Baron, would have known when to quit and realize that his number sooner or later would come up. But it took 80 air kills before he finally got shot down to his death, and I believe there was not one single regret in his mind other than that one last mistake he made! So this is a section where your hand should be over your heart, and your head turned upwards towards the skies where these heroes poured their lives out, and lived until their last breath on the edge of combat readiness! The speed of thought is faster than the speed of light, and that's the mental pace and intensity internally in

evidence of an Air Warrior. Be prepared to enjoy a historical flight of a lifetime which you will never forget, through this third and last scenario series! 1) Which airplane saw service during World War II?

If your answer is the P-51 Mustang, go to AirLeg 104 If your answer is the Focke-Wulf 190, go to AirLeg 78 If your answer is the P-61A Black Widow, go to AirLeg 40 If your answer is the Heinkel He. Ill, go to AirLeg 13 AirLeg 1 1) Proceed direct to JFK International airport Here's a bit of trivia that '11 make you go batty! Early in the United States' involvement in World War II, a Pennsylvania surgeon proposed that bats carrying phosphorous matches in small capsules be used to destroy the flimsily constructed buildings in Japanese cities. The plan was for planes to release the animals by night, and that by daylight the bats would hunker down and take refuge in attics and under eaves. Sometime during the week, the chemically treated matches would burst into flame (so would the bats!), touching off almost simultaneous fires throughout the target city! The army tested this proposal experientially at an airfield near Carlsbad, New Mexico. The result was that the bats set fires in a hangar and in a staff car! The project was abandoned once it was realized that incendiary bombs were far more effective. 2) When abeam FLUSHING airport, turn towards the twin stacks north of Long Beach 3) Add up the individual numbers that make up the ATIS frequency for La Guardia airport, and go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 2 United States Navy pilot Lieutenant Commander H.C. Mustin made the first catapult launch of a powered airplane from the stern deck of the battleship USS North Carolina, which was at anchor in Pensacola Bay, Florida. This festive occasion took place on November 5, 1915 in a Curtiss AB-2 flying boat. You know what Pensacola, Florida is famous for, don't you? White sand beaches! At least it was when I was there! 1) Turn to a heading of 350 2) Climb to 8000 feet

3) The most effective German fighter of World War I was: If your answer is the Fokker D. VII, go to AirLeg 81 If your answer is the Fokker Dr. I, go to AirLeg 35 AirLeg 3 What was that? A Shrike missile? That puppy just missed us! Hey! That was a Sidewinder missile! Good thing 13MIKE's exhaust gases aren't too hot! A Tomahawk missile? That one parted my hair! Pull up! Pull up! Did you see that one? A Patriot missile! I thought we used all those up in the Persian Gulf! Must be Kennedy's signals to us that we can't land! I like the good old fashioned light gun signals better! AirLeg 4 1) Proceed direct to PILGRIM STATE HOSPITAL Submarine hunters were quite a warrior group of dedicated professionals. In 1944, to prevent German submarines from entering the Mediterranean, the United States Navy began patrolling the Straits of Gibraltar with PBY Catalinas fitted with magnetic anomaly detectors, or MADs. What this equipment did was measure the changes in the magnetic field made by a large metal object passing through the water. 2) When 1.0 DME from DPK VOR, turn towards HECKSHER STATE PARK 3) Take the Common Traffic Advisory Frequency for the Pan Am heliport, get rid of the 2nd, 5th, and 6th numerals, and reverse the remaining last two numerals. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 5 The leading United States air ace in World War I was Eddie Rickenbacker. He shot down 22 enemy planes and 4 balloons. Before enlisting in the Army in 1917, he acquired an international reputation in automobile racing. After World War I, Rickenbacker owned the Indianapolis Speedway for 18 years. In 1938, he became president of Eastern Airlines. He resigned in 1959, but stayed on as chairman of the board of directors until 1963. 1) When overhead the lookout tower on the western side of Long Beach, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(50 pts) Altitude_________________________________(40 pts)

DME from JFK VOR_______________________(30 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______________________(20 pts) Frequencies of the two NDB stations in front of you _____________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: TOWER TELLS YOU TO DO THIS WHEN YOU'RE CLOSE TO LANDING, BUT THEY DON'T WANT YOU TO! AirLeg 6 1) Climb to 7500 feet Lieutenants Douglas Campbell and Alan Winslow became the first United States pilots to shoot down enemy airplanes while operating under the American flag and with a U.S. aero squadron. They were airborne with their Nieuport 28s, when two German Pfalz biplanes appeared over Toul. In less than five minutes, Campbell shot the first one down, and Winslow shot down the second! 2) When abeam ALPINE TOWER, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI __________________________________(60 pts)

Radial from LGA VOR_______________________(55 pts) DME from JFK VOR________________________(45 pts) Heading_________________________________(30 pts) Altitude__________________________________(30 pts) DME from LGA VOR________________________(20 pts) Autopilot_________________________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation

4) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: MANHANDLING THE 'OPEN HERE' SPOUT ON A MILK CARTON SO BADLY THAT ONE HAS TO RESORT TO USING THE 'ILLEGAL' SIDE! AirLeg 7 Back in August 17, 1946, an insane man volunteered to be the first to try out an ejection seat from an aircraft! Think about it! It had never been done before, but it was worth a try for Sergeant Lambert, who was flying in the second seat of a specially modified twin engined Northrop P-61. 7800 feet above the ground, at 302 miles per hour, he was slinkied out of the aircraft! Remember slinkys?! Putting them on the top of stairs was the height of fun! OK, deprived childhood! 1) When abeam the STACKS, visual check point in Crab Meadow, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position to DPK VOR____________(60 pts) OBS setting to DPK VOR__________________(50 pts) Heading to maintain track__________________(40 pts) DME from DPK VOR_____________________(30 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(25 pts) DME from JFK VOR_______________________(20 pts) Altitude_________________________________(15 pts) VSI _________________________________(15 pts)

AGL height of the STACKS__________________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: IF YOU DO THIS AND LOSE, THEN YOU ARE BROKE!

AirLeg 8 The German Junkers Ju-87 Stuka dive bombers were the dreaded dirge of the Allied forces in World War II Man, I tell you, they just couldn't be beat. That was the overall feeling amongst the air troops! But on August 18, 1940, Hurricanes of the 43rd and 601st Royal Air Force squadrons, and Spitfires of the 152nd and 602nd squadrons shot down or badly damaged 22 Stukas, which were attacking a radar installation on the south coast of England. This was a positive trend for the Royal Air Force, because the first major Stuka attack on England was on August 8, and at that day, 18 were shot down or damaged. So the tally record showed that of the 220 Stukas in operation, now 76 of them were history! 1) Immediately after the touch and go, turn towards NORTH HILLS COUNTRY CLUB and commence a climb to 8000 feet 2) When 7.0 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_______________________________(65 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(60 pts) DME from LGA VOR______________________(50 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____________________(35 pts) DME from DPK VOR______________________(25 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_____________________(15 pts) Maximum Elevation Figure of section you're in _________________________________(5 pts) Name of heliport closest to you_______________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Germany's highest military honor, the Blue Max, is officially known as: If your answer is the Luft-Verkehrs-Gesell, go to AirLeg 105 If your answer is the Legion d'Honneur, go to AirLeg 43 If your answer is the order of Pour le Merite, go to AirLeg 64

AirLeg 9 1) When abeam the approach end of runway 19, turn towards OYSTER BAY NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 2) Climb to 3000 feet 3) When overhead the 563 foot obstruction near Syosset, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Headings_________________________________(60 pts) DME from DPK VOR________________________(50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_______________________(40 pts) Altitude__________________________________(35 pts) VSI __________________________________(30 pts)

DME from JFK VOR________________________(20 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_______________________(20 pts) Altitudes of use of IFR Departure Route you just passed ___________________________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation Gregory (Pappy) Boyington downed six Japanese aircraft in China when he was apart of the American Volunteer Group. He added 22 additional downs as a Marine aviator, which brought his total to 28. He took command of the Marine Fighter Squadron 214 in September 1943. In January 1944, he was shot down over the St. George Channel, north of New Britain, fished from the water by an enemy submarine, and made a prisoner of war. He remained on the Japanese home islands until the end of the war, after which he learned that he had been awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously! 5) Who was France's top World War I ace? If your answer is Adolphe Pegoud, go to AirLeg 70 If your answer is Rene Fonck, go to AirLeg 99 If your answer is Charles Nungesser, go to AirLeg 2

AirLeg 10 1) Climb to 7500 feet 2) When 10.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR_____________________(50 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(45 nts} Heading_______________________________(40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(35 pts) Altitude________________________________(30 pts) DME from DPK VOR_____________________(20 pts) DME from JFK VOR______________________(15 pts) What harbor is north of you?________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn towards Westchester County airport 5) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, go to the AirLeg indicated.

Hawker Hurricane Mk. 1

AirLeg 11 1) When abeam the Babylon NDB, turn towards BELMONT LAKE 2) Descend to 1200 feet 3)Overhead BELMONT LAKE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR____________________(55 pts) DME from DPK VOR_____________________(50 pts)

Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(45 pts) DME from JFK VOR______________________(40 pts) Heading_______________________________(35 pts) Altitude________________________________(25 pts) VSI ________________________________(20 pts)

Two major towns southeast and southwest of Belmont Lake _________________________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg. 173 17.3 14.3 143 140 14 11 110 ____

AirLeg 12 1) Turn towards CAPTREE BRIDGE On October 5, 1914, a French corporal named Louis Quenault, was flying as observer in a rear-engined Voisin piloted by Sergeant Joseph Frantz. Quenault sat in front with a Hotchkiss machine gun newly fitted to the edge of the cockpit. Over Rheims, the Frenchmen spotted a German Aviatik two-seater. Frantz flew a headlong attack, but the Germans didn 't even seem a bit perturbed! So Quenault fired his Hotchkiss machine gun and the German plane burst into flames and went down. This was the first airplane to be shot down by a machine gun in aerial combat! 2) When 20.0 DME from JFK VOR, start a descent to 3500 feet 3) When 22.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn to a heading of 330 4) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg. 19 25 33 43 55 ____ 85 103 123

AirLeg 13 Aircraft Position:

1) NORTH to 17132.7190 ____ [N040 48' 00.2681] 2) EAST to 21277.9416 ____ [W073 06rsquo; 04.5842] 3) ALTITUDE to 104 ____ [0] 4) HEADING to 190 note: At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. 5) Takeoff on runway 24, Long Island MacArthur Field When I underwent military flight training, my aircraft in the jet pipeline were the T-2C Buckeye and the TA-4J Skyhawk. Well, the U.S. Navy has selected the T-45A Goshawk to replace them as an undergraduate trainer. The prototype made its first flight in April 1988, and when it's in service, it'll be a beaut! It is a single engine turbojet. 6) Climb to 2000 feet, straight out departure 7) France's top World War I ace had how many victories? If your answer is 75, go to AirLeg 65 If your answer is 80, go to AirLeg 53 AirLeg 14 1) When crossing 20.0 DME from LGA VOR, descend to 4000 ft. 2) When overhead NORTHPORT, turn to a heading of 210 3) Descend to 2500 feet 4) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: AN EMPTY DISH PUSHED AROUND THE KITCHEN FLOOR BY A DOG TRYING TO GET THE LAST MORSEL! AirLeg 15 1) Descend to 3000 feet 2) When abeam Bayville, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: DME from DPK VOR____________________(65 pts) Radial from LGA VOR___________________(60 pts) DME from JFK VOR_____________________(55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR___________________(45 pts) Heading______________________________(35 pts) Altitude_______________________________(25 pts) VSI _______________________________(20 pts)

DME from LGA VOR____________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn towards the abandoned airport west of Bethpage 5) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Supermarine Spitfire Mk. IX

AirLeg 16 It's incredible how pretty the New York City area is from the air! You look around and see the beautiful coves, and skyrise buildings, shore lines, beaches, the breathtaking view of the Atlantic Ocean and Verrazano Bridge, and you're at peace! OK, back to business now! Where are you? Not a clue! You're lost overhead the Big Apple! Bummer! AirLeg 17 The United States' first jet fighter was the Bell P-59A Airacomet. An experimental version made its first flight on October 1, 1942. Twenty operational P-59As entered service almost a year before World War II ended, as well as thirty improved P-59Bs. They lacked the needed power, plus had high fuel consumption, so they became relegated to the role of a trainer. 1) Climb to 7000 feet 2) When 8.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn towards JONES BEACH MONUMENT 3) When overhead the JONES BEACH MONUMENT, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Heading________________________________(45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______________________(40 pts) DME from JFK VOR_______________________(40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(20 pts) VSI _________________________________(15 pts)

Total number of mini-islands north of Tobay Beach _________________________________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) America's World War I ace, Eddie Rickenbacker, scored most of his victories in what aircraft? If your answer is Sopwith Camel, go to AirLeg 2 If your answer is a Spad 13, go to AirLeg 80 AirLeg 18 As everybody knows, the name of the Japanese suicide units was kamikaze. It means divine wind, and refers to a typhoon which struck a Mongol fleet during the 13th century and saved Japan from invasion. It was hoped that the modern kamikaze could perform a similar miracle and destroy the powerful fleet converging on the home islands. It is also right about this time that a Japanese pharmacist invented the Excedrin PM formula! 1) When abeam Sheffield Island, turn direct to Westchester County airport 2) When overhead Westchester County airport, turn towards ALPINE TOWER 3) America's World War I ace, Eddie Rickenbacker, scored how many victories? If your answer is 26, go to AirLeg 41 If your answer is 35, go to AirLeg 29 AirLeg 19

1) When overhead ORADELL RESERVOIR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading__________________________(70 pts) DME from LGA VOR_________________(50 pts) Altitude___________________________(40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR________________(30 pts) VSI __________________________(20 pts)

Radial from JFK VOR_________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation One of the most famous pilots of World War I was the Canadian flyer, Billy Bishop. He received credit for shooting down 72 German aircraft in combat. Between May 27 and June 18, 1918, he shot down 20 aircraft, and on June 19, he knocked out 5 more! In less than 37 hours of flying time, he had brought down 25 planes! Then Billy Bishop went home. In World War II, he served as an air marshal in the Royal Canadian Air Force in charge of recruitments. 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: WHAT A POLITICIAN DOES WHEN BLOWING SMOKE SCREENS AT NEWS REPORTERS! AirLeg 20 1) When crossing the JFK VOR 000 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR_________________(60 pts) DME from LGA VOR_________________(55 pts) Radial from LGA VOR________________(45 pts) Heading___________________________(40 pts) DME from DPK VOR_________________(35 pts)

Radial from DPK VOR________________(25 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) what is the real name of Germany's World War I ace, The Red Baron? If your answer is Rudolf Berthold, go to AirLeg 73 If your answer is Manfred Von Richthofen, go to AirLeg 56 AirLeg 21 1) Turn towards CONDA NDB 2) Descend to 7000 feet 3) When on the JFK VOR 260 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR__________________(50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_________________(40 pts) DME from LGA VOR__________________(30 pts) Heading____________________________(30 pts) VSI __________________________(25 pts)

Altitude_____________________________(15 pts) Name of recreation area closest to you ______________________________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Who is known as the Father of Russian Aviation? If your answer is Igor Sikorsky, go to AirLeg 72 If your answer is Alexander Kazakov, go to AirLeg 93 If your answer is Nikolai Zhukovsky, go to AirLeg 12

AirLeg 22 1) When overhead the eastern side of Long Beach, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_______________________________(40 pts) DME from JFK VOR_____________________(35 pts) DME from LGA VOR_____________________(35 pts) Radial from JFK VOR____________________(30 pts) Heading_______________________________(25 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(20 pts) Ceiling of Class B airspace you're in _________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards the CGAS BROOKLYN 4) What was the largest airplane in the world in 1934? If your answer is B-24 Flying Fortress, go to AirLeg 5 If your answer is The Maxim Gorky, go to AirLeg 84 If your answer is Junkers Gu. 38, go to AirLeg 109 AirLeg 23 The first pilot from the U.S. Air Service squadron who was credited with an aerial combat victory was Lieutenant Paul F. Baer of the 103rd Aero Squadron. He shot down a German plane in the Reims sector. This occurred on March 11, 1918. Five days later, Baer got another one. He had been a member of the Lafayette Escadrille, and the 103rd Squadron was formed around those American volunteer pilots. 1) Turn to a heading of 120 2) Climb to 7500 feet

3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE SPLIT SECOND OF DRY WEATHER EXPERIENCED WHEN DRIVING UNDER AN OVERPASS DURING A STORM! AirLeg 24 1) Turn towards ORADELL RESERVOIR Way back when, I went on a tour at Grumman Aerospace in Bethpage, Long Island, where I saw the first sheet of metal for the F-14 Tomcat, and walked through most of its stages, until later that day at Calverton, Long Island, the finished version was displayed. To this day, it's by far the best tour I have ever taken anywhere! The two seat F-14 A Tomcat is an all weather carrierborne interceptor. Its weaponry capability is awesome, rad, far out, groovin', hep, wicked bad (I learned that phrase from Nashua, New Hampshire!), and even cool! It can engage several targets simultaneously with Phoenix, Sparrow or Sidewinder air to air missiles. It has twin fins and variable geometry wings. The new version out is the F-14D SuperTomcat! 2) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Junkers Ju. 87 D-1

AirLeg 25 1) Climb to 7000 feet 2) Upon passing 5000 feet, turn to a heading of 180 3) Intercept and track inbound on the JFK VOR 260 radial 4) When 2.0 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(55 pts) CDI needle position to JFK VOR______________(50 pts) Heading________________________________(45 pts) VSI _________________________________(40 pts)

DME from LGA VOR_______________________(20 pts)

Field elevation at JFK International airport _________________________________(5 pts) 5) Press P to continue the simulation 6) Continue track through station passage 7) Germany's World War I ace, The Red Baron, scored how many victories? If your answer is 80, go to AirLeg 52 If your answer is 45, go to AirLeg 57 AirLeg 26 1) Maintain the are until intercepting the LGA VOR 11.0 DME are, and track counterclockwise 2) When abeam the finger inlet into Glen Cove, turn towards the marine light south of GREENWICH Another arm of Air Warriors concentration was the Strategic Air Command or SAC, which was the United States' global peace-keeping force. It was an impressive and efficient nuclear force, whose purpose was termed as 'to be at war against war'! Lieutenant General Curtis E. LeMay held the reins as its chief from 1948 to 1957. When LeMay took over, there was a general lack of funds and a mood of complacency which had driven the then two year old service to such an inefficient level, that his subtle and toned down comment was, 'The Air Force has gone to utter hell! 3) Who was Britain's top World War II ace? If your answer is James Harry Lacey, go to AirLeg 33 If your answer is James Edgar Johnson, go to AirLeg 94 AirLeg 27 1) Turn LEFT BASE to final on runway 20, Farmingdale/Republic airport 2) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 29 1) When abeam the town of Dobbs Ferry, turn towards VAN CORTLAND PARK

2) Descend to 7000 feet This is more of a historical (hysterical?) note than anything else! On November 2, 1947, Howard Hughes piloted the H-4 Hercules for its one and only flight for 60 seconds, traveling just over 1 mile at 80 miles per hour across Long Beach Harbor near Los Angeles, California. Some say it was quite by accident, since Hughes was just playing with the flaps on the taxi run when all of a sudden, it was airborne! But no matter, it was done! It had a wingspan of almost 320 feet, which has never been exceeded to this day, and was powered by eight 3,000 horsepower Pratt & Whitney R-4360 engines. It weighed a whopping 400,000 pounds, made just about entirely of wood. Since it skimmed the surface of the water, and was predominately wood, it was given the nickname Spruce Goose! 3) Who was France's top World War I ace? If your answer is Rene Fonck, go to AirLeg 23 If your answer is Adolphe Pegoud, go to AirLeg 88 AirLeg 30 1) When 15.0 DME from LGA VOR, turn towards NORTHPORT United States Navy Lieutenant JG David Ingalls, from Little House on the Prairie, was the first and only U.S. naval aviator to become an ace during World War I! He served with No. 213 Squadron, Royal Air Force. Talk about people being excited! The British awarded Ingalls the Distinguished Flying Cross, the United States gave him the Distinguished Servicemedal, and the French awarded him the Legion d'Honneur! 2) When 20.0 DME from LGA VOR, descend to 5000 feet 3) Which Russian fighter was compared to the British Spitfire? If your answer is Yakovlev Yak-3, go to AirLeg 82 If your answer is Mikoyan-Gurevich Mig-3, go to AirLeg 112 AirLeg 31 The Messerschmidt 163 Komet was one of Germany's so called wonder weapons unveiled during the final year of the war. Its one serious flaw was that its fuel, a mixture of methyl alcohol and concentrated hydrogen peroxide, was susceptible to explode and did many times while still on the runway! It consisted of a 3750 pound thrust rocket motor that blasted it through the sky at nearly 600 miles per hour! When an Allied bomber crew was discovered flying overhead, the Komet would go into action! It exhausted its 437 gallon fuel supply within four to seven minutes after takeoff, which gave it a radius of action of 25 miles. Climbing straight up at 11,810 feet a minute, it would rise above Allied bomber formations, nose over and dive to the attack with its

twin 30-mm cannons. As soon as the rocket motor quit, the pilot broke off and glided back to base! 1) Climb to 4000 feet 2) Intercept and track outbound on the JFK VOR 062 radial 3) Arriving VFR traffic should contact New York Departure Control within 20 nautical miles of the Long Island Class C airspace on what UHF frequency? Keep the middle two numbers, and go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 32 It's time for an Air Warriors history lesson, because guess what? AirLeg 43 was a wolf in sheep's clothing! A composite wing filled with balsa wood! A glass of Harvey's Bristol Creme Sherry with a crack in it! Anywaythe most prominent American air combat leader of World War I was Brigadier General Billy Mitchell. His wartime experience convinced him that air units needed to be independent of ground units so that airpower could be concentrated where it was most needed. Because of his outspokenness of the government's defense program, (which was accompanied by violent arguments and bitter condemnation of military superiors!) he was court marshaled for defiance of his superiors in 1925. Ironically, early in World War II, events confirmed many of Mitchell's predictions! So as further irony, in 1946, the United States Congress authorized the Medal of Honor for Mitchell posthumously! AirLeg 33 1) When 13.0 DME from LGA VOR, turn towards the lighthouse on Sands Point The F-117A is a single seat stealthy precision attack fighter, used during the Gulf War for 1270 missions! To date, a total of 57 of these babies are in service. The aircraft has a multi-faceted airframe designed to have a minimum radar signature and low infra-red emission. My first impression when looking at it was that it was an origami paper airplane! Well, Lockheed done itself proud with it! 2) Intercept and track inbound on the JFK VOR 010 radial 3) Who was Russia's top World War II ace? If your answer is Ivan Kozhedub, go to AirLeg 86 If your answer is Alexander Pokryhkin, go to AirLeg 57 AirLeg 34

French air ace Rene Fonck was the first fighter pilot to shoot down six airplanes in one day, achieving all six victories within three hours! Boy, I'll bet that caused quite a stir in the locker room that day! On May 9, 1918 at 4PM, Rene was airborne with two fellow pilots, and he attacked a two-seat reconnaissance airplane protected by two fighters. Good protection, boys! Within 45 seconds, he had shot them down, the wreckage of all three falling within a tight circle of one another! He returned to refuel, and at 5:30 PM, shot down a two-seater from below. Then 9 fighters came by, and Fonck shot down two of them before skedoodling back with a match under his rear end to prevent himself from becoming bullet breakfast! 1) When 8.0 DME from JFK VOR, proceed towards Greenwich Point 2) Commence a descent to 7000 feet 3) Russia's top World War II ace had how many victories? If your answer is 59, go to AirLeg 77 If your answer is 62, go to AirLeg 58 AirLeg 35 The world's first circumnavigation by helicopter was completed on September 30, 1982, when American pilots H. Ross Perot Jr. and Jay Coburn landed their Bell 206L LongRanger The Spirit of Texas at Love Field, Dallas, from where they had departed on September 1. They covered 26,000 miles in 29 stages, flying over 23 countries. They flew in an eastward direction. 1) Intercept and track outbound on the first airway you cross, heading easterly 2) When 20.0 DME from the VOR behind you, turn to a heading of030 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated. AirLeg 36 1) Make a RIGHT 80 degree turn, followed immediately by a LEFT 260 degree turn 2) Proceed inbound on the JFK VOR 030 radial About three weeks after shooting down his sixth plane, World War I American air ace Lieutenant Howard Clayton Knotts was shot down himself But never say die, is the moral to this story! While on a German train as a prisoner of war, he managed to set fire to and destroy seven Fokker fighters being carried back for repair! In actuality, that more than doubled the number of German airplanes he destroyed! He came pretty close to being executed right on the spot! 3) Descend to 1500 feet

4) Line up on final, runway 22R at JFK International airport 5) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE RESIDUE ON THE INSIDE OF THE WRAPPER THAT EVERY JUNK FOOD ADDICT EVENTUALLY GETS TO! AirLeg 37 1) Line up for final on runway 19, Farmingdale/Republic airport 2) Descend to 1500 feet In April 1916, a volunteer group of American pilots began a squadron to help the French against the Germans, called the Escadrille Americaine. The German ambassador in Washington complained about such blatant partisanship on the part of supposed neutrals. So to humor him, they were then called the Lafayette Escadrille, for the Frenchman who had fought under George Washington in the American Revolution. From the escadrille's inception, 38 Americans served in it at various times. 3) Execute a stop and go landing, waiting until cleared for the go 4) Which JFK VOR radial goes through the tower obstruction in Hempstead? Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 38 1) When abeam LAKE SUCCESS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_____________________(70 pts) DME from LGA VOR_____________________(55 pts) DME from JFK VOR_____________________(40 pts) Heading______________________________(35 pts) Radial from LGA VOR____________________(30 pts) Altitude_______________________________(20 pts) Floor of Class B airspace you're in___________(5 pts)

2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Intercept and track outbound on airway VI-16 from JFK VOR 4) The first woman to shoot down a German plane during World War II was: If your answer is Valera Khomyakova, go to AirLeg 89 If your answer is Tiffany MacDougal, go to AirLeg 110 AirLeg 39 1) When crossing airway Vl-16, turn towards the lake in the city of Ronkonkoma 2) Descend to 1100 feet Here is an incredible tale! On October 27, 1918, Canadian air ace William Barker, flying his Sopwith Snipe E8102, shot down a white-painted German two-seater. Sooner than soon, he was jumped by a Fokker D. VII, which he promptly shot down too! While in that scramble, he fell into a formation of 15 German fighters! He drove two of them down, but upon receiving a thigh wound, he became unconscious. Moments later, when he recovered, he fought fiercely and shot down a second Fokker D. VII, but lost consciousness once again when he was hit in the arm! Again, he recovered, and thinking his ticket was punched, he attempted to ram another Fokker, but shot it up! This brought his final score to 50 enemy aircraft in 12 months! As a result of this action, he received the Victoria Cross, the last one awarded to a British airman during World War I. 3) When abeam the 504 foot obstruction, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_____________________(55 pts) DME from LGA VOR_____________________(50 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR____________________(40 pts) Heading_______________________________(35 pts) VSI _______________________________(25 pts)

Altitude________________________________(20 pts) Maximum Elevation Figure of your current position

________________________________(10 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Dornier Do. 335 A-l AirLeg 40 Aircraft Position: 1) NORTH to 17091.4402 __ [N040 46' 51.6042] 2) EAST to 21026.8982 __ [W073 52' 12.9041] 3) ALTITUDE to 29 __ [0] 4) HEADING to 260 note: At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. 5) Takeoff on runway 22, La Guardia International airport 6) At 1000 feet AGL, make a RIGHT 45 degree departure A United States Air Force RB-47 aircraft from the 55th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing, was shot down by a Soviet MiG fighter when operating in international airspace over the Barents Sea in July of1960. Four individuals of the six man crew were killed. Copilot Bruce Olmstead and navigator Captain John R. McKone were accused of spying and held by the Russians for seven months. On January 24, 1961, they were returned to the United States, and I '11 bet they never did that again! 7) The Japanese ZERO was officially known as the: If your answer is Aichi D3A1, go to AirLeg 25 If your answer is Mitsubishi A6M Reisen, go to AirLeg 63 AirLeg 41 1) Descend to 7000 feet 2) When 11.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Radial from LGA VOR____________________(55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(50 pts) Heading_______________________________(40 pts) Altitude________________________________(35 pts) VSI ________________________________(25 pts)

DME from JFK VOR______________________(20 pts) Major New York borough east-southeast of you ________________________________(5 pts) Name of river you've crossed________________(5 pts) AGL height of ALPINE TOWER______________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Which aircraft was Britain's jet fighter? If your answer is Hawker Typhoon, go to AirLeg 54 If your answer is De Havilland Mosquito, go to AirLeg 81 If your answer is Gloster Meteor, go to AirLeg 1 AirLeg 42 1) Turn on to final, runway 31L, JFK International airport The Berlin airlift was quite a job! The Soviet Union had blocked all surface routes through East Germany, leaving only the air possible to get supplies through to the two million German people. The first day of the Berlin airlift was June 26, 1948, and the effort was spearheaded by the United States Air Force Europe (USAFE) under General Curtis E. LeMay. C-47s were made available to lift 80 tons of milk, flour, and medicine into Berlin. Three days later, Brigadier General Joseph Smith took over the Berlin Airlift Task Force, and by July 20, he had 54 C-54s and 103 C-47s capable of air-lifting 1500 tons a day! It got to the point where almost 6000 tons of supplies were moved in daily for the German city's needs! By the way, Curtis E. LeMay moved on to become the head of the Strategic Air Command on October 19 of that year.

2) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 43 During the Korean War, most of the battles between F-86s and MiG-15s took place several miles above the swath of land near the Yalu River, known as MiG Alley. There, American and Communist pilots fought against each other in engagements that would last a total of seconds (not many of them!). The results of these jet age dogfights were recorded by gun cameras equipped with shutters that were triggered automatically when the pilot fired his weapons. Smile! You 're on Candid Camera and I'm on your six! 1) Turn towards the STATUE OF LIBERTY 2) Climb to 9000 feet 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Spad S. VII AirLeg 44 1) Turn South towards the 1742 foot twin towers 2) Climb to 8500 feet 3) When overhead the twin towers, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(65 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______________________(55 pts) DME from DPK VOR_______________________(45 pts) Altitude__________________________________(35 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______________________(30 pts) DME from LGA VOR_______________________(30 pts) Number of heliports within 5 miles of you_________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation

5) The distinctive shark's-tooth insignia of the Flying Tigers was used on what plane? If your answer is Curtiss P-38, go to AirLeg 21 If your answer is Curtiss P-40, go to AirLeg 85 If your answer is Curtiss P-41, go to AirLeg 105 AirLeg 45 1) When abeam HECKSHER STATE PARK, turn towards the NATIONAL CEMETERY 2) Descend to 1000 feet To be proper and accurate, Doug and I should have named this section of the book Air Warriors and Warrioresses! Believe it or not - and it's good to believe it, otherwise it wouldn't be in this book - Princess Eugenie Mikhailovna Shakhovskaya (WOW!!) was the first Russian woman known to have served as a pilot for the Imperial Russian Air Service in 1914! Now here's the irony! She trained to fly at Johannisthal, near Berlin, Germany, and when war broke out, she had to beg Czar Nicholas II to be allowed to fly as a military pilot! 3) When overhead the NATIONAL CEMETERY, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_____________________(55 pts) Heading_______________________________(45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____________________(25 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) VSI __________________________________(15 pts)

4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Turn to the Silly Sniglet section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE ALIEN BESIDE YOU WITH CONCAVE CHEEKS, BULGING FOREHEAD VEINS,

AND CLEARLY OUTLINED SKULL, WHO IS SUCKING ON A TOO THICK MILK SHAKE! AirLeg 46 Oops! Shucks! Well, I'll be a! Fribble frazzle! Criminy! Son of a gun! Posh! Drat! You're here - so let's make the most out of it. The Flying Tigers were an American Volunteer Group of aviators, whose purpose was to assist China in its struggle against Japanese invaders. Three squadrons of Flying Tigers fought over China and Burma from December 1941 until July 1942. Their leader was John Wayne! I mean Claire Lee Chenault, who in 1937, was the air advisor to Chiang Kai-Shek, the leader of China's Nationalist Government. AirLeg 47 1) When 21.0 DME from LGA VOR, turn towards the TARGET ROCK NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Let me tell you about one tough plane that the Royal Air Force Coastal Command had for a while! It was the Sunderland Mark III flying boat, which was quite capable of patrolling the sea for up to 13 plus hours with a ton of bombs and depth charges, hunting for German U-boats. In June 1943, eight German Junkers 88 pilots tried to overpower a lone Sunderland limping across the Bay of Biscay on three of its four engines. After 20 passes, the Germans lost 3 planes from the Sunderland's 7 guns. In that time, the Sunderland was only peppered with holes and one of its 13 crewmen was killed. The five surviving Junker 88s then broke off the attack! German pilots honored this flying boat with the respectful nickname Stachelschwein - the Porcupine! 2) When crossing the air sign that says Welcome Back to the Empire State!', proceed direct to DPK VOR 3) Doolittle used what plane on his famous Tokyo raid? If your answer is B-25, go to AirLeg 7 If your answer is B-24, go to AirLeg 95 AirLeg 48 Former President Theodore Roosevelt had a son to be proud of. Lieutenant Quentin Roosevelt, on July 14, 1918, was killed when he engaged a German aircraft well behind enemy lines, and got himself shot down. Lieutenant Roosevelt was buried with honors at Chambry on the Marne by German soldiers. His grave was found after the war. A German airman dropped a message to the Americans informing them that he had been killed, which at that time was not an uncommon occurrence. One month before, Quentin had shot down his first and only German airplane. 1) When overhead JONES BEACH MONUMENT, turn to a heading of 290

2) Descend to 2000 feet 3) Turn onto final, runway 31R at JFK International airport 4) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg. 53 23 43 13 33 ___ 23

AirLeg 49 1) Turn towards CAPTREE BRIDGE 2) When 14.0 DME from JFK VOR, descend to 7000 feet 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: ATC TELLS YOU TO PUT YOURSELF HERE WHENEVER THEY AREN'T WANTING YOU TO FLY ANY FURTHER YET. AirLeg 50 Suddenly, your airplane turns towards the north, apparently of its own will, and your ailerons seem to become ineffective! You realize that you are powerless, an aerial prisoner, and that there is nothing you can do except to ride along or bail out. Bailing out ain't such a hot idea because you have no parachute! You cruise through the Adirondacks, Montreal, Ungava Peninsula - sure is getting cold! Prince Charles Island, Baffin Bay - BRRRRRR! Prudhoe Land, Lincoln Sea, and finally the North Pole! Stay tuned for the next book entitled Arctic Tales of 13MIKE! AirLeg 51 On May 12, 1938, Captain N.H. White assumed command of the United States Navy's sixth aircraft carrier, the USS Enterprise (CV-6). Now, that one is not the same as the current day USS Enterprise (CVN-65), which I had the pleasure of being on during my last years in the Navy! Anyway, during World War II, the 'Big E' became known as the fightingest ship in the Navy, surviving 20 out of the 22 major naval air actions of that war. The aircraft catapulted from her decks claimed 911 enemy aircraft destroyed and 71 ships sunk. Several times, she herself was claimed to have been sunk - but no sirree! After World War II, she was finally cut up for scrap in 1959, despite repeated efforts to keep her alive. 1) Intercept and track inbound on the DPK VOR 350 radial 2) At station passage, turn towards the city of Central Islip

3) Descend to 1500 feet 4) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following aircraft name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Sopwith F. 1 Camel AirLeg 52 1) When 3.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn towards FREEPORT Ah! Another workhorse was the Lockheed P-3 Orion, a long range anti-submarine aircraft which first flew in 1958. It needs 10 for a crew, and contains sophisticated search equipment, including the tail mounted magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) probe. It is a 4 engine turboprop and rugged as crazy! 2) Continue climb towards 7500 feet 3) Who was the first woman to fly with a U.S. combat squadron over enemy territory? If your answer is Jenny Curtiss, go to AirLeg 71 If your answer is Margaret Bourke-White, go to AirLeg 55 AirLeg 53 1) Proceed direct to DPK VOR U.S. Navy pilot Lieutenant Frank Akers performed the first blind landing aboard an aircraft carrier on July 30, 1935. He flew his OJ-2, equipped only with standard instruments from the San Diego Naval Air Station to the USS Langley, and landed without a hitch on the flight deck. He never saw the flight deck because of a special hood that was used for this occasion. He successfully snagged the number 4 arrestor wire. 2) Climb to 4000 feet 3) When at station passage, press P to pause the simulation Record your: OBS heading to the station_________________(65 pts) Altitude________________________________(55 pts) VSI _________________________________(40 pts)

DME from JFK VOR______________________(20 pts) TACAN channel for DPK VOR_______________(5 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Fokker Dr. I
AirLeg 54 1) Turn to a heading of 090 The attack on Pearl Harbor was a coordinated airwave of strategic brilliance, though targeted quite unwisely, fortunately for the United States. The first of two waves consisted of more than 180 Japanese aircraft, led by Commander Fuchida. This wave closed on Oahu from the north, with dive bombers and fighters peeling off to deal with the various air bases, and the torpedo bombers splitting to take Pearl Harbor from two sides. Overhead, more dive bombers waited to complete the destruction. As the momentum of the first strike began to slacken, then the second wave arrived of 167 Japanese aircraft! But United States defenses were better organized, so that the second wave was not quite as effective as the first. 2) When abeam the racetrack at Mamaroneck, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR__________________(60 pts) VSI ______________________________(50 pts)

Altitude)____________________________(40 pts) Heading____________________________(40 pts) Radial from LGA VOR__________________(35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR__________________(25 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Who was the first American in Europe to break the World War I record of 26 kills? If your answer is Robert Johnson, go to AirLeg 92

If your answer is Hubert Zemke, go to AirLeg 35 If your answer is Captain Courageous, go to AirLeg 4 AirLeg 55 Oh, what a comical web has been woven at spotlight times of World War III On May 24, 1941, the first of two torpedo-bomber attacks on the German battleship Bismarck in the North Atlantic began. This was initiated by the launch at 10:00 PM of six Fairey Fulmars and nine Swordfish from the carrier HMS Victorious. Their inexperienced crews almost attacked HMS Norfolk, which was 23 miles astern of the Bismarck! Getting that mess straightened out, under intense fire and bad weather, they hit the Bismarck with only one torpedo! The next 32 hours, the Bismarck was lost. But on May 26, at 10:30 AM, a Catalina piloted by Ensign Leonard Smith, U.S. Navy, sighted her again. A torpedo attack from HMS Ark Royal that afternoon mistakenly identified HMS Hood for the Bismarck, but the cruiser expertly avoided the 11 torpedoes launched at her! Finally, 3 torpedoes which were launched by bombers at 8:47 PM that night, struck the Bismarck! The next day, British warships finished the job of sinking the Bismarck. 1) When overhead FREEPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR____________________(45 pts) Heading_______________________________(40 pts) DME from DPK VOR_____________________(35 pts) DME from LGA VOR_____________________(25 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(20 pts) DME from JFK VOR______________________(15 pts) Floor and ceiling of Class B airspace you're in pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards SANDS POINT Seaplane Base 4) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE UNCLAIMED STRIP OF LAND BETWEEN THE 'YOU ARE NOW LEAVING' _________________________________(10

AND 'WELCOME TO' SIGNS WHEN CROSSING STATE LINES! AirLeg 56 This belongs in Ripley's Believe It Or Not! On July 26, 1959, Lieutenant Colonel William H. Rankin of the United States Marine Corps, experienced the longest possible descent! He ejected from his Nought F8U Crusader at a height of 47,000 feet. As he fell into violent thunderstorms, he was time and time again thrown up by vertical air currents! He came safely back to earth in North Carolina 40 minutes after he left his sick aircraft! 1) Turn to a heading of 350 2) Line up straight in to La Guardia airport's runway 31 3) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 57 1) When 7.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn to a heading of 290 2) When abeam the PAN AM heliport, turn towards GOVERNOR'S ISLAND Famed champion golfer and promoter of Pennzoil motor oil, Arnold Palmer, has made it in the Air Warriors section! On May 19, 1976, he and Robert J. Serling and copilots James E. Bir and L.L. Purkey, completed a Federation Aeronautique Internationale light aircraft record breaking flight around the world in 57 hours, 25 minutes, and 42 seconds! The flight occurred in a Gates Learjet 200, and was 28 hours, 43 minutes and 19 seconds faster than Arthur Godfrey and Dick Merrill's record in 1966. Palmer's trip covered approximately 23,000 miles, where they averaged almost 600 miles per hour, and made nine stops in seven countries. Wherever they stopped, they presented bicentennial flags and bronze replicas of the Declaration of Independence! 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: WHAT A FIGHTER PILOT MIGHT SAY WHEN HE SEES THE ENEMY! AirLeg 58 1) When overhead Greenwich Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR______________________(80 pts)

DME from DPK VOR_______________________(70 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______________________(60 pts) Heading_________________________________(50 pts) Altitude__________________________________(30 pts) DME from JFK VOR________________________(15 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn to a heading of 310 4) Half of the Jones Beach Monument's elevation is the AirLeg you want to go to. AirLeg 59 1) Turn towards the CAPTREE BRIDGE 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) The British RAF flew what aircraft during World War II? If your answer is Hawker Hurricane, go to AirLeg 39 If your answer is Vought F4U-1D, go to AirLeg 96 If your answer is Supermarine Spitfire, go to AirLeg 11 AirLeg 60 Now, not only was Lieutenant Paul F. Baer the first of a U.S. Air Service squadron to get a kill, but on April 23, 1918, he was also the first to become a fighter ace, shooting down his fifth enemy aircraft! On May 8, he shot down two more German planes. Then on May 21, another. On May 22, after getting one more, he himself was shot down and taken prisoner for the rest of the war. Boy, it's incredible the risks these pilots took time after time after time again! Sooner or later, the percentages caught up with most of them, even the illustrious Baron! 1) Turn towards BETHPAGE NDB 2) Climb to 9500 feet 3) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg.

AirLeg 61 1) Climb to 7000 feet On June 18, 1916, the German Air Service sustained a severe blow. Max Immelmann crashed to his death. His victories had totaled 15, and he had been given a command of his own less than a week before. The British claimed that he had fallen under attack by an F.E.2b, (a two-seater pusher) but the Germans disagreed. A comrade flying beside Immelmann said the ace actually had been attacking the F.E.2b, but had shot himself down when his synchronizer gear malfunctioned. A study of the wreck, which fell on the German side, showed one propeller blade chopped off at precisely the line of Immelmann's gunfire. 2) When 15.0 DME from LGA VOR, turn towards ORADELL RESERVOIR 3) The North American B-25J Mitchell was named after: If your answer is General William Mitchell, go to AirLeg 6 If your answer is the fighter ace George Mitchell, go to AirLeg 19 AirLeg 62 PFUII! Don't you just detest the taste of wrong answers? Here's some World War I Air Warriors trivia! An ace was considered a pilot who shot down 5 or more enemy planes. Germany's Baron Manfred von Richthofen (who was nicknamed after an Italian pizza overloaded with tomato sauce), the Red Baron, shot down 80 planes, more than any other ace. Canada had its Billy Bishop. France had its Rene Fonck. Great Britain had its Edward Mannock. And United States had its Eddie Rickenbacker. AirLeg 63 1) Climb to 1500 feet 2) Turn towards RIDGEWOOD RES 3) Line up for straight in runway 13R, JFK International airport, for a touch and go 4) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Fokker D. VII
AirLeg 64 1) Proceed direct to the group of hospitals in WHITE PLAINS

The workhorse jets of the air war in Vietnam were the F-100 fighter-bombers, widely used for ground support missions in the South; the A-4 Skyhawk; (quite different from the Cessna 172 Skyhawk!) the F-105 fighter-bomber, which carried out 75% of the strikes against the North between 1965 and 1969; the Grumman A-6 Intruder which was America's best all-weather fighter-bomber; and the F-4 Phantom, the most versatile combat jet in the American arsenal. 2) When crossing airway V123-157, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR_____________________(55 pts) DME from LGA VOR______________________(50 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(45 pts) DME from JFK VOR______________________(40 pts) Heading_______________________________(30 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn towards Westchester County airport 5) The Flying Fortress was the: If your answer is Boeing B-29, go to AirLeg 101 If your answer is Martin B-26F, go to AirLeg 4 If your answer is Boeing B-17G, go to AirLeg 90 AirLeg 65 The first British vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) machine, and the only one built by Rolls Royce, flew (kind of!) for the first time on August 3, 1954. It was an open rectangular frame with near vertical legs at each corner. It had two Rolls Royce Nene engines with exhaust ducted downwards 90 degrees thrusting through the center of mass. A pilot sat on a platform atop the machine, and he had projecting nozzle support trusses fore and aft for pitch control. Guess what this creature's nickname was? The Flying Bedstead! Sure wish I had a picture of it to show you! 1) When 6.7 DME from DPK VOR, turn towards Eatons Neck Point 2) Climb to 6000 feet

3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: CHICKEN PROGENY ON TOP OF A MELLOW LIFESTYLE! AirLeg 66 The first all jet battle took place on November 8, 1950, when F-80s from the 51st Fighter Interceptor Wing knocked heads together with Chinese MiG-15s from Antung across the Yalu River over North Korea. The F-80s were escorting 70 B-29s raiding Sinuiju with about 585 tons of 500 pound incendiary clusters. Lieutenant Russell J. Brown got on the tail of a MiG-15 and shot it down with his six 0.50 inch guns. This was the first air 'kill' of one jet fighter by another. 1) When overhead Shippan Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_______________________________________(60 pts) Altitude________________________________________(50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_____________________________(40 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________________(40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____________________________(40 pts) Name of other Points on either side of you ____________________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Climb to 7000 feet 4) Proceed direct to LGA VOR 5) Which aircraft was the largest operational bomber of World War II? If your answer is B-24, go to AirLeg 23 If your answer is B-29, go to AirLeg 33 If your answer is B-17, go to AirLeg 50

AirLeg 67 The first female pilot to become qualified for on deck carrier landings with a fixed wing aircraft was United States Navy pilot Lieutenant Donna Spruill on June 20, 1979. She flew a Grumman C-IA Trader on to the deck of the carrier USS Independence. 1) When overhead NORTHPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR___________________(45 pts) Heading______________________________(45 pts) Altitude_______________________________(30 pts) DME from DPK VOR____________________(25 pts) Name of the two bays northeast and northwest of you __________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE PETRIFIED DEPOSITS OF TOOTHPASTE FOUND IN BATHROOM SINKS! AirLeg 68 1) Make a RIGHT 45 degree entry for runway 24, Long Island MacArthur field 2) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 69 1) Climb to 4000 feet 2) Intercept and track inbound on the DPK VOR 234 radial On April 22, 1946, Grumman Aerospace received a United States Navy order for its first jet fighter design. In continuing the 'cat' name tradition set by Wildcat, Hellcat, Tigercat, and Bearcat, it was the F9F Panther. It became the best of the first generation U.S. Navy fighters.

3) Track counterclockwise on the DPK VOR 7.0 DME arc 4) When crossing the DPK VOR 220 degree radial, climb to 4500 feet 5) When crossing the DPK VOR 140 degree radial, turn to a heading of 025 6) What was the name of Charles Yeager's P-51? If your answer is Glamorous Glen III, go to AirLeg 65 If your answer is Gentle Lady, go to AirLeg 43 AirLeg 70 Elvis Presley made a song famous, called Jailhouse Rock! He may have gotten the idea from this incident! On February 18, 1944, a precise, pinpoint attack from a very low altitude on the jail at Amiens, France took place. Three formations of six Mosquitoes from New Zealand, Australian, and Great Britain squadrons attempted to breach the walls to free the imprisoned French resistance workers. Some of their bombs were released as low as 10 feet! The Mosquitoes breached the walls, killed 50 Germans, which enabled 258 prisoners to escape. Twelve of those prisoners had been sentenced to be shot the next day! 1) Turn to a heading of 065 2) Intercept and track outbound on airway V483 from DPK VOR 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Grumman F4F-3 Wildcat

AirLeg 71 1) When 8.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn towards JONES BEACH MONUMENT On April 7, 1945, a Japanese task force of one light cruiser, eight destroyers, and the world's biggest battleship, Yamato, was spotted by United States submarines off the Bungo Strait. A force of 380 dive bombers and torpedo bombers was launched from Task Force 58 at 10:00 AM while the Japanese warships were 250 miles away. Fighting for its life, the 71,000 ton Yamato had 146 25 millimeter antiaircraft guns. By 2:25 PM, it had been sunk with the loss of 3,063 lives. Only 4 destroyers survived. 2) When crossing the JFK VOR 106 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

DME from JFK VOR___________________(50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR__________________(40 pts) Heading____________________________ (30 pts) DME from LGA VOR__________________ (20 pts) DME from DPK VOR__________________ (20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) There is a JFK VOR radial that separates a 3000 foot Kennedy Class B airspace floor from a 4000 foot Kennedy Class B airspace floor. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 72 1) Turn towards the majestic LANDFILL 2) When 12.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn towards the JONES BEACH MONUMENT 3) Descend to 3000 feet There is only one family throughout aviation history that has produced three air aces, and that is the Richthofens! The Red Baron was Manfred von Richthofen, who had a brother named Lothar von Richthofen who was also quite good. The not quite so good member in the family was Wolfram von Richthofen with 8 scores. Manfred was considered the one with the hunting instinct. Lothar had the flying skills. Cousin Wolfram wasn 't quite the hotshot like the other two, but he did command the Stuka dive bombers that opened the attack on Warsaw in 1939. Between the three of them, 128 Allied airplanes were shot down! 4) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: YOUR AIRPLANE WOULD BE CONSIDERED A _______________ _______________IF IN A CRASH IT WAS ABSOLUTELY ANNIHILATED! AirLeg 73 The first woman to ferry a bomber across the Atlantic was somebody you 've already met previously - Jacqueline Cochran. In 1941, it was believed that women were not strong enough to handle the controls of a heavy bomber for long hours on the ocean crossing. But after 60 test takeoffs and landings in Montreal, Canada, she became licensed for ferry flights. Get this! The male ferry pilots threatened to strike because a woman was being allowed to do their job! Well,

when all was said and done, she got the job with one stipulation! She had to give the controls to her copilot, Captain Grafton Carlisle, for takeoff and landing! Makes me laugh! 1) Turn towards FREEPORT 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) Turn onto final, runway 22R at JFK International airport 4) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: STATE OF MOMENTARY CONFUSION IN A DOG WHOSE OWNER HAS FAKED THROWING THE BALL AND PALMED IT BEHIND HIS BACK! AirLeg 74 1) Commence a descent to 2500 feet 2) Intercept and track clockwise on the JFK VOR 8.0 DME arc 3) STEP 1: Find the difference between Long Island MacArthur Field's elevation and Farmingdale/Republic airport's elevation STEP 2: Subtract John F. Kennedy International's airport elevation STEP 3: Add La Guardia airport's elevation STEP 4: Add '1', go to that AirLeg AirLeg 75 1) Line up on final for runway 10, Long Island MacArthur Field, for a touch and go practice 2) When over the threshold, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI ___________________________________(75 pts)

Heading__________________________________(60 pts) DME from DPK VOR________________________(35 pts)

Airspeed_________________________________(20 pts) Gear ____________________________________(10 pts) Autopilot__________________________________(10 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) On the go, maintain runway heading until 700 feet AGL 5) Turn RIGHT DOWNWIND and climb to 2000 feet 6) The aircraft called the Liberator was the: If your answer is B-24H, go to AirLeg 45 If your answer is B-21L, go to AirLeg 97 If your answer is B-17G, go to AirLeg 88 AirLeg 76 On August 2, 1917, Squadron Commander E.H. Dunning, in a Sopwith Pup, made the first successful landing on a ship under way. That ship was the H.M.S. Furious, a seaplane carrier which was converted from a partially built light cruiser. The technique used was that the ship steamed at 26 knots into a 21 knot wind, giving an overdeck wind almost equal to the landing speed of the airplane, then sideslipped in front of the bridge and on to the deck! As he came close to the deck, ratings would advance to slow the plane to a stop by grabbing handles attached to its wings and tail. Five days later, Dunning was killed when the Pup stalled and crashed into the sea. 1) When overhead the town of Stony Brook, turn towards the yacht basin at Port Jefferson 2) Descend to 1500 feet 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Consolidated PBY-5A Catalina

AirLeg 77 1) When overhead Port Washington, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR____________________(40 pts)

DME from DPK VOR_____________________(35 pts) Altitude________________________________(25 pts) DME from LGA VOR_____________________(20 pts) What are the three dots near Great Neck? _________________________________(10 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Which aircraft never saw service in Europe? If your answer is B-29, go to AirLeg 36 If your answer is B-25, go to AirLeg 105 AirLeg 78 1) Intercept and track inbound on the JFK VOR 106 radial If you ever want to do some light reading, pore over the list of Russian World War II fighter aces! The list is headed by Major General I.N. Kozhedub, who acquired 62 victories. What's unusual is that two housewives who got fed up with dishes and diapers are on that list! Lieutenant Lily Litvak downed 7 planes, and Lieutenant Katya Budanova downed 6 planes. I made up the dishes and diapers, but I sure wouldn't have wanted to get those two gals mad at me back then! 2) Intercept and track clockwise on the JFK VOR 5.0 DME arc 3) When crossing the JFK VOR 120 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR_______________________(80 pts) Heading________________________________(70 pts) Altitude_________________________________(60 pts) VSI _________________________________(50 pts)

DME from LGA VOR_______________________(30 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______________________(15 pts)

4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Of the three Victor airways pertinent to the LGA 068 degree radial, look at the 2nd one only. Keep its first number, then subtract the difference between its 2nd and 3rd numbers. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 78 Aircraft Position: 1) NORTH to 17090.1703 [N040 43'57.8970] 2) EAST to 21176.1115 [W073 24' 59.4709] 3) ALTITUDE to 88 [0] 4) HEADING to 005 note: At this point you may wish to save this setup for future use. 5) Takeoff on runway 19, Farmingdale/Republic airport 6) At 700 feet AGL, make a RIGHT downwind departure A Royal Air Force pilot of renown during World War II was Group Captain Douglas Bader. He was called 'the legless wonder'! On December 14, 1931, he crashed with the result that both his legs got amputated. He acquired duraluminum legs but was informed that there was no regulation concerning a legless pilot, so that he would have to be released from the service. With persistence, he was returned to active duty as a Flying Officer on November 26, 1939. He became the Commander of the No. 242 Canadian Hurricane Squadron before the Battle of Britain. In the Spring of 1941, Bader was given command of the Tangmere Wing. On August 9, 1941, when he led his fighters over France, they were intercepted by Messerschmidt 109s. He shot one of them out of the sky, but in turning away he had another 109 collide with the tail of his aircraft. He tried to leave the airplane, but one of his duraluminum legs was trapped, so he broke free without it, pulled his ripcord and became a German prisoner of war. A new leg was dropped to him on a bombing mission by the R.A.F., where he used it to escape. He was recaptured and placed in a top security prison until the end of the war. 7) America's highest-scoring ace, in World War II, had how many kills? If your answer is 26, go to AirLeg 31 If your answer is 40, go to AirLeg 9 AirLeg 79

Excuse me, but did you take a wrong turn some place? Did you know that there is a city in Ireland called Limerick? Well, it's true! A limerick is a form of humorous verse. It takes its name from the city of Limerick, Ireland, but no one knows how or where the form originated. But I've made one up for you, just so you can see to what depths we plunge ourselves to make this book worth your while! There once was a plane oh so dandy, Who did stalls, spins, and loops mighty handy; When only a tyke He was named 13MIKE, That's a heck of a lot better than 13RANDY! May this also inspire you to great moments of thought! AirLeg 80 1) Intercept the JFK VOR 13.0 DME arc, and fly counterclockwise 2) When crossing airway Vl-16, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR_______________________(55 pts) Heading________________________________(45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______________________(35 pts) VSI _________________________________(30 pts)

Altitude_________________________________(30 pts) DME from DPK VOR_______________________(20 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Curtiss P-40E Warhawk

AirLeg 81 1) Proceed direct to the closest VOR (JFK, LGA, or DPK) to you Britains 'first jet fighters, Gloster Meteors, joined the Royal Air Force in July 1944 to help intercept German V-l buzz bombs which were hurtling towards London at 300 to 400 miles per hour. Being able to fly at 490 miles per hour, the Meteors could outfly the missiles, but couldn't shoot them down easily because of faulty guns. On August 4th, Meteor pilot T.D. Dean targeted a V-l, but his 20 millimeter cannon jammed. Nevertheless, he accomplished the first combat victory for an Allied jet by maneuvering alongside the missile, sliding a wing tip beneath a bomb wing, and then banking sharply to unbalance the V-l, which sent it crashing to earth. I bet you won't find that in any 'How To Bring A Bomb Down' manual! 2) When 5.0 DME from that VOR, intercept and track clockwise on that VOR's 5.0 DME arc 3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: DEPOSITS FOUND IN ONE'S EYES UPON AWAKENING IN THE MORNING! ALSO CALLED GOZZAGAREENA, OPTIGOOK, AND EYEHOCKEY! AirLeg 82 1) When 24.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(45 pts) Altitude_________________________________(30 pts) VSI __________________________________(20 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation On October 21, 1960, the prototype Grumman E-2A Hawkeye maritime airborne early warning aircraft, (W2F-1) made its first flight. It had a unique configuration of dihedral on the horizontal tail surface, and four vertical fins. The E-2A Hawkeye entered United States Navy service in January 1964. It was quite a workhorse, having a large circular radome planted on top of it! My Dad worked for Grummans on Long Island, and was involved with much of the electrical wiring for that puppy! Way to go, Dad!

3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

North American B-25J Mitchell

AirLeg 83 During World War II, the various uses of bombing tactics was interesting. The RAF first tried area bombing, which was a cross your finger type of hope that you could hit a target by plastering an area with bombs! In 1942, Britain turned to saturation bombing of German cities. Nine hundred bombers pummeled Cologne in the first raid of this sort. When the United States joined in the war effort, the B-17 bomber, called the Flying Fortress, was used, which had better bombsights. The heavy armor it had and scores of guns enabled it to take brutal beatings, so pinpoint bombing of specific targets during the daytime were favored. You have experienced the newest style of bombing tactic, which is knowledge bombing! AirLeg 84 1) Intercept and track clockwise on the far side JFK VOR 8.0 DME arc 2) When abeam LINCOLN TERRACE PARK, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading________________________________(55 pts) DME from JFK VOR_______________________(50 pts) Altitude_________________________________(45 pts) DME from LGA VOR_______________________(35 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) The German Stuka was officially known as the: If your answer is Junkers Ju. 87, go to AirLeg 111 If your answer is Heinkel He. Ill, go to AirLeg 23 AirLeg 85 For you Book One, Level A 13MIKE fans, I've got to tell you the story behind Wrong Way Corrigan! Douglas Corrigan certainly wasn 't any kind of a warrior, but he has entertained us

through the years with this tale! He did his nonstop flight from Long Beach, California to Floyd Bennett Field in New York, in 1938. When the Civil Aviation Authority then heard that he intended to fly the Atlantic in his Curtiss Robin, they forbade the attempt. So in his attempt to fly back to Long Beach, California, he wound up in Ireland the next day! Douglas claimed that he had set his compass incorrectly and 28 hours 13 minutes later, he saw all these sheep, which got him to realize that he wasn't in California! Wonder what he thought about all that water which made up the continental United States?! Well, ever since then, he's acquired the pseudonym, Wrong Way Corrigan! 1) Turn towards BAISLEY POND 2) Intercept and track outbound on the JFK VOR 030 radial 3) Which German ace had over 300 victories? If your answer is Gerhard Barkhorn, go to AirLeg 34 If your answer is Erich Hartmann, go to AirLeg 74 If your answer is Helmet Wich, go to AirLeg 106 AirLeg 86 1) When abeam BAISLEY POND, turn towards the plant near Massapequa The second Stealth aircraft the U.S. has is the Northrop B-2 bomber. It is a true flying wing without fins. The swept wing has a sawtooth trailing edge. It has twin intakes and exhausts for the four engines which are in the wing upper surface. Three individuals are required to crew it. It first flew in July 1989. 2) When overhead FREEPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(40 pts) DME from LGA VOR______________________(35 pts) Heading________________________________(35 pts) VSI __________________________________(30 pts) Altitude_________________________________(25 pts) DME from JFK VOR_______________________(15pts)

Maximum Elevation Figure in your section? __________________________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Boeing B-17G Flying Fortress

AirLeg 87 It's easier to smile than to frown, so go ahead now and smile! 17 muscles are involved when smiling, whereas 43 muscles kick in when you frown! Some other important bits of trivia are: 1. After extensive research, the average number of plain M&Ms in a one pound bag is 512! 2. Luciano Pavarotti, the famous opera singer, (I'm Jazz and 50's oldies but goodies, myself!) once received 165 curtain calls, which lasted 1 hour and 7 minutes, after singing at the German Opera in Berlin! 3. On the very first day of its opening, Macy's sold $11.06 worth of merchandise! Just thought you 'd like to know these things! Now, go back to Airienteering! AirLeg 88 1) Turn to a heading of 260 2) Climb to 8000 feet 3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE REMOVAL OF BRUISES ON A BANANA! AirLeg 89 1) When 12.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn towards the flashing marine light on Eatons Neck Point 2) When crossing 20.0 DME from LGA VOR, descend to 4500 ft.

Lieutenant Edward H O 'Hare downed 5 Japanese bombers on February 20, 1943, which made him the first Navy ace and won him the Congressional Medal of Honor. In a flurry of activity within his Grumman Wildcat, O'Hare on his first pass, fired on two Japanese aircraft which dissected the starboard engine of each. He crossed over to the other side of the Japanese formation and got two engines of two more bombers. He bored in and downed a fifth aircraft and damaged four more before his ammunition ran out! The Japanese were attacking the aircraft carrier Lexington, and one of O 'Hare's victims did his best to crash into it. This was an early omen of the many kamikaze attacks to come later in the war. 3) Follow the mathematical progression to find the missing number in the series, and go to that AirLeg. 115 96 79 64 ____ 40 31 24 19 AirLeg 90 1) When abeam PORT CHESTER, turn towards the 408 foot obstruction in HEMPSTEAD 2) Descend to 7000 feet 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

North American P-51D Mustang

AirLeg 91 1) Circle in place, and climb to 7000 feet 2) When level at 7000 feet, continue course to FREEPORT 3) Intercept and track counterclockwise on the JFK 13.0 DME arc After flying 27 U-2 spyplane flights for the CIA, Francis Gary Powers was forced down from 67,000 feet over Yekaterinburg. It is thought he received a salvo of about 14 Soviet SA-2 missiles (Yikes!). Powers ejected after activating a melt-down system to destroy sensitive equipment. Having taken off from Peshawar, Pakistan, the end was to land at Bodo, Norway, an almost 3800 mile surveillance sweep. Powers underwent trial in Moscow, and spent five years in prison before being returned to the United States in 1965. 4) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Vought F4U-1D Corsair

AirLeg 92 1) Turn towards NORTHPORT 2) When 20.0 DME from LGA VOR, descend to 6500 feet 3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: THE AREA DIRECTLY ABOVE THE URINAL IN PUBLIC RESTROOMS THAT MEN STARE AT, KNOWING A GLANCE IN ANY OTHER DIRECTION WOULD AROUSE SUSPICION! AirLeg 93 1) Turn to a heading of 040 2) Intercept and proceed outbound on the LGA VOR 090 radial You 'II see that plenty of sacrifices were made by our Air Warriors, and Major George A. Davis Jr., USAF, was one who was willing to make one. On February 10, 1952, while flying an F-86 Sabre, Major Davis led his wingman in an attack on 12 MiG-15s about to jump a formation of F84s. He shot down two of the communist fighters, but then was shot down himself and died. His action broke up the MiG attack, enabling the F-84s to escape - all of them! Posthumously, he was awarded the Medal of Honor for giving up his life that day to protect a formation of fighter bombers over North Korea. 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Boeing B-29A Superfortress

AirLeg 94 The United States' leading fighter-pilot of World War II was Major Richard Bong, who during two tours of duty in the Pacific, downed 40 Japanese planes. A noteworthy incident was that during his first tour, his P-38 was jumped by a lone Japanese Zero. In attempting to escape, Bong maneuvered brilliantly (actually quite by accident!) into the middle of a 9-plane Japanese formation! The enemy were as startled as he was, but they were a mite slower in recovering from their surprise! He managed to down three Zeros, scatter the survivors, and fly into the wild blue yonder unscathed! 1) Descend to 3000 feet

2) When crossing the air sign that says 'Welcome to Connecticut!', press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LGA VOR_____________________(50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR____________________(50 pts) Heading_______________________________(40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(30 pts) Altitude________________________________(20 pts) Name of amusement park off to your LEFT _________________________________(5 pts) (Clue: named after a piece of bread!) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: A POSITION IN A VFR TRAFFIC PATTERN AirLeg 95 1) Climb to 4500 feet 2) When intercepting airway V229, turn to the town of Stony Brook on the eastern shore of SMITHTOWN BAY 3) Upon crossing the DPK VOR 030 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________________________(55 pts) VSI _________________________________(45 pts)

DME from DPK VOR______________________(40 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_____________________(30 pts)

Heading________________________________(30 pts) Ceiling of Class C airspace you're overflying __________________________________(5) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) The German aircraft nicknamed The Blitz is called the: If your answer is Arado Ar. 234 B-2, go to AirLeg 4 If your answer is Dornier Do. 217 E-5, go to AirLeg 76 AirLeg 96 1) When overhead the CAPTREE BRIDGE, turn towards the lookout tower on the western tip of Fire Island 2) Climb to 4000 feet 3) Overhead the lookout tower, turn towards FREEPORT 4) Which German ace of World War II was known as Black Devil of the Ukraine? If your answer is Gerhard Barkhorn, go to AirLeg 55 If your answer is Erich Hartmann, go to AirLeg 91 AirLeg 97 Miracles work good on air warriors. Lieutenant I.M. Chisov of the Red Air Force survived a fall of 22,000 feet without a parachute, when he fell from his badly damaged Ilyushin 11-4 twinengined medium bomber! You can close your mouth now! Yes, I did say 22,000 feet! He landed in a big pile of cow poop! No! At his terminal velocity of 150 miles per hour, his fall was broken as his body struck the edge of a snow-covered ravine, which he slid down with decreasing speed until he came to a stop. He received a broken pelvis and severe spinal injuries. Bet that was quite a story he told his grandkids! 1) Turn towards the open air theater south of the city of Jericho 2) Climb to 4100 feet 3) When abeam the city of BayShore, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

DME from DPK VOR_____________________(40 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____________________(40 pts) Altitude________________________________(35 pts) Heading_______________________________(35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____________________(20 pts) VSI ________________________________(15 pts)

4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Germany's highest-scoring World War II ace flew what aircraft? If your answer is Messerschmitt Me. 109, go to AirLeg 10 If your answer is Focke-Wulf Fw. 190, go to AirLeg 23 AirLeg 98 1) Turn towards BABYLON NDB 2) When 12.0 DME from JFK VOR, descend to 7000 feet 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated. AirLeg 99 1) Turn to a heading of 010 On February 26, 1955, the first supersonic ejection took place, and it wasn 't a triumph in the least bit! When asked to take an F-100 up for a routine test, North American test pilot George F. Smith simply grabbed his helmet and flew the aircraft in sports shirt and denims! The controls failed, and at Mach 1.05, off Laguna Beach, California, he ejected! He acquired multiple fractures, a detached retina, damaged lower intestines and hemorrhaged eyeballs. He was unconscious for five days, but thankfully recovered. 2) When crossing airway V451, commence a climb to 7500 feet 3) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Definition: THE STRESS POINT ON A POTATO CHIP WHERE IT BREAKS OFF AND STAYS BEHIND IN THE DIP! AirLeg 100 1) Proceed straight in for a touch and go to Westchester County airport's runway 34 2) On the go, execute an immediate RIGHT turnout to Shippan Point 3) Climb to 2500 feet 4) Who was Germany's highest-scoring ace in World War II? If your answer is Erich Hartmann, go to AirLeg 47 If your answer is Gerhard Barkhorn, go to AirLeg 66 AirLeg 101 This is an OOPS record! On April 7, 1961, a Strategic Air Command B-52 was shot down by an F-100 airplane from the New Mexico Air National Guard. The B-52 was piloted by Captain Donald Blodgett and Captain Ray Nobel. During a simulated attack from two F-100s flown by First Lieutenant James Van Scyoc and Captain Dale Dodd, the outer missile of two Sidewinders under the port wing of Van Scyoc's aircraft fired due to moisture short circuiting the firing mechanism. The pilots and electronics warfare officer survived, but three other crew members were killed. 1) When overhead Westchester County airport, turn towards the TAPPAN ZEE BRIDGE 2) Descend to 7000 feet 3) Turn to The Gallery section at the end of this scenario. Match the following name with the appropriate aircraft, and go to the AirLeg indicated.

Messerschmitt Me. 163 B-1a

AirLeg 102 1) Descend to 1500 feet, circling in place 2) Enter RIGHT DOWNWIND for runway 11, Westchester County airport 3) HAPPY LANDINGS!

AirLeg 103 Since you're really stopped here, let's teach you a bit of German air history. Since 1935, the German Air Force has been named the Luftwaffe, which means 'air weapon'. El Chiefo Numero Uno of renown was Reich Marshal Hermann Goering, who was second to Adolf Hitler as a leader of Nazi Germany. His failure was in losing the Battle of Britain due to Royal Air Force's better planes and better pilots, which made up for their lack of numbers. Judged guilty of war crimes at Nuremberg, he took poison just before he was to be hung. AirLeg 104 Perhaps the shortest air combat on record was carried out by Flight Leader Findlay Boyd of No. 602 (City of Glasgow) Squadron. On August 16, 1940, in the early afternoon, Tangmere airdrome came under attack from 25 Junkers 87 dive bombers. With bombs striking the airfield and bullets zinging all over the place, Fin' Boyd ran to his aircraft and took off. As he was reaching down to retract his gear, he caught sight of a Stuka streaking across his sights. He pressed his gun tit and his eight machine guns blasted the Stuka right out of the sky! Boyd pulled up, banked sharply and went back to land! One takeoff, one enemy aircraft destroyed, one circuit around the airfield! 1) Takeoff on runway 22L, JFK International airport 2) When passing 500 feet, make a LEFT crosswind departure 3) Germany's highest-scoring ace in World War II scored how many victories? If your answer is 348, go to AirLeg 52 If your answer is 352, go to AirLeg 17 AirLeg 105 1) Turn to a heading of 070 2) Climb to 9000 feet 3) Which German fighter was produced more than any other fighter? If your answer is Messerschmitt Me. 109, go to AirLeg 49 If your answer is Focke-Wulf Fw. 190, go to AirLeg 81 If your answer is Junkers Ju. G-1, go to AirLeg 98 AirLeg 106

On one of the Korean War engagements, a MiG pilot was leading F-86F Sabre pilot Major Robinson Risner deep into Manchuria, which was forbidden territory. Over a Chinese airfield with its antiaircraft batteries blazing away, Risner with his wingman, First Lieutenant Joe Logan, accomplished their kill. When Risner and his wingman withdrew through the flak, Logan took a hit in a fuel tank. Are you ready for this? When Logan's tanks had drained virtually dry, Risner told him to shut off his engine. Then Risner, taking care not to block his own Sabre's air intake, eased the nose of his plane into the tailpipe of the other Sabre and pushed his crippled companion 100 miles to Cho-do Island, off the coast of North Korea in the Yellow Sea. Logan bailed out there because of the surety of being picked up by American ships. But after punching out over the Yellow Sea, he drowned before he could be picked up. 1) Descend to 7000 feet 2) When abeam the lighthouse on Sands Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR________________________(55 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_________________________(45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_________________________(40 pts) Heading___________________________________(35 pts) DME from DPK VOR_________________________(25 pts) Altitude____________________________________(15 pts) Name of closest airway intersection_______________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Germany's unusual twin engine aircraft, one forward and one aft, was called the: If your answer is Dornier 335, go to AirLeg 24 If your answer is Messerschmitt 163, go to AirLeg 108 AirLeg 107 1) Make a LEFT 45 degree entry for runway 14 Farmingdale/Republic airport On October 18, 1938, before the going got really gotten with Germany, Charles Lindbergh received the Order of the German Eagle, with Star, at the direct order of Adolf Hitler. Field Marshal Hermann Goring personally presented the award to Lindbergh, while Lindbergh was in

Germany carrying out an inspection of airfields and facilities. He was the first American citizen to receive this honor, as well as the first American to receive an award at the direct order of Adolf Hitler. 2) HAPPY LANDINGS! AirLeg 108 1) When overhead Greenwich Point, turn towards Westchester County airport 2) Climb to 8000 feet 3) Turn to the Puzzle Tribes section at the end of this scenario. Match the following clue with the appropriate answer, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Clue: DELTA, UNITED, AMERICA WEST, SOUTHWEST, AMERICAN, AND CONTINENTAL REPRESENTATIVES ALL IN ONE ROOM! AirLeg 109 1) When overhead CGAS BROOKLYN, turn towards NORTH HILLS COUNTRY CLUB 2) Climb to 8000 feet 3) When crossing 8.5 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR__________________(40 pts) Heading_____________________________(35 pts) DME from DPK VOR___________________(25 pts) Altitude______________________________(15 pts) Radial from JFK VOR___________________(15 pts) 4) Press P to continue the simulation 5) Turn towards NORTHPORT 6) Who was the highest-scoring ace of World War II?

If your answer is Gerhard Barkhorn, go to AirLeg 60 If your answer is Erich Hartmann, go to AirLeg 14 AirLeg 110 In 1967, test pilot Bruce Peterson suffered near fatal injuries when his M2-F2 lifting body disintegrated in a crash over Edward's Air Force Base. At 45,000 feet, he was released from a B52 carrier-plane, and he experienced a severe dutch roll at 200 degrees per second (cowabunga!). He hit the ground pretty hard, to say the least, recovered from his injuries and stayed on at the NASA Flight Research Center as safety officer. Trivia time, here! It's his crash that was seen in the opening shots of the TV series 'Six Million Dollar Man'! 1) When 11.0 DME from JFK VOR, turn direct to La Guardia airport 2) When 9.5 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________________________(65 pts) Altitude__________________________________(55 pts) VSI _______________________________(45 pts)

Radial from JFK VOR_______________________(40 pts) DME from LGA VOR________________________(30 pts) DME from DPK VOR________________________(15 pts) Designation of ISLAND heliport________________(5 pts) 3) Press P to continue the simulation 4) Commence a climb to 8000 feet 5) Turn to the Silly Sniglets section at the end of this scenario. Match the following definition with the appropriate word, and go to the AirLeg indicated. Definition: IMPOSSIBLE TO REACH AREA IN THE MIDDLE OF YOUR BACK WHICH CAN NEVER BE SCRATCHED!

AirLeg 111 1) Turn towards LAKE SUCCESS 2) Commence a descent to 2000 feet 3) ODALE intersection and the Connecticut Turnpike between Greenwich and Stamford lie on this arc distance from LGA VOR. Go to that AirLeg. AirLeg 112 The first electronic air war occurred on June 9, 1982. A force of about 90 Israeli Air Force F4Es and Kfirs, escorted by F-15 and F-16 fighters, came winging through the Bekaa Valley, Lebanon. With drones flying over Jordanian and Syrian defenses, a Boeing 707 electronically jamming enemy signals, and an E-2C airborne early warning aircraft vectoring Israeli fighters on to enemy aircraft, ten out of nineteen SAM (surface to air missile) sites were destroyed within ten minutes. A second wave of slightly fewer aircraft destroyed the remaining sites. Almost 100 Syrian MiG-21s and MiG-23s came up, blind without ground radar, and 22 of them were shot down. Not one Israeli aircraft was lost! 1) When overhead NORTHPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LGA VOR______________________(70 pts) Heading________________________________(60 pts) Altitude_________________________________(55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____________________(45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______________________(45 pts) VSI ______________________________(25 pts)

DME from DPK VOR______________________(20 pts) Magnetic variation at your position____________(5 pts) 2) Press P to continue the simulation 3) Turn towards the lighthouse on Sands Point 4) Who was America's highest-scoring ace in World War II?

If your answer is Richard Bong, go to AirLeg 61 If your answer is Chuck Yeager, go to AirLeg 15 If your answer is John 'Dead Eye' Weston, go to AirLeg 35

Puzzle Tribes

Silly Sniglets
Alpopuck - 37

Banectomy - 43 Checkuary - 19 Cheeriomagnetization - 94 Chipfault - 18 Downpause - 60 Fetchplex - 3 Gangloot - 46 Gapiana - 62 Gazinta - 88 Gleemites - 83 Lactomangulation - 44 Maltian - 27 Nocturnuggets - 16 Noflet-72 Oreosis - 20 P-spot - 99 Pretzaline - 34 Pulpularity - 7 Scrabitch - 64 Twinkidue 3

The Gallery
Flown by a legend, this aircraft was designed in answer to an aircraft designed by Herbert Smith. Created by Reinhold Platz and used by the Jagdgeschwader Nr. 1, this aircraft was an immediate success. Go to AirLeg 88 This aircraft was so successful that it was mentioned in one of the clauses of the WWI Armistice agreement. It stated that all of these aircraft had to be handed over to the Allies. Designed late in 1917 and tested by Manfred von Richthofen, this aircraft was unanimously considered the finest German fighter of WWI. Go to AirLeg 8 Project 299, as Boeing called it, got started on August 16, 1934. This aircraft's name has entered the world of myth and legend. This aircraft, perhaps more than any other plane, represented the power of American aviation in the years that Europe was overrun by Axis troops. Go to AirLeg 80 This aircraft was the Royal Air Force's first monoplane fighter, the first to carry eight machine guns, and the first to break the 300 mph barrier. Go to AirLeg 90 The ZERO. Go to AirLeg 60 Few planes have become as famous as this one. Powered by the famous Rolls Royce engines, more of these aircraft were built than any other British aircraft. Go to AirLeg 69 In the Pacific theater alone, this aircraft downed 2,140 enemy planes while its losses were only 189 - a ratio unmatched in the history of air warfare. Even though this plane spent over half of its wartime career at land bases, it is known as the best carrier-based fighter of WWII. Go to AirLeg 26 Boeing's model 345 took to the air September 21, 1942. Never to see action in Europe, this plane became one of the most famous planes of WWII along with Fat Man and Little Boy. Go to AirLeg 30 This was Germany's most famous Sturzkampfflugzeug. It was designed by Hermann Pohlmann. Over 5,700 were built in a dozen models. Go to AirLeg 6 Introduced in 1935, this plane was the best fighter in the world for the next five years. Produced from 1935 to 1945, almost 35,000 were built, more than any other combat aircraft of WWII. Go to AirLeg 103 This aircraft was considered by some to have been the best fighter plane of WWI. It was flown by such aces as Baracca, Ruffo, Fonck, Guynemer, and Rickenbacker. The success of this aircraft is owed to designer Louis Bechereau and engineer Marc Birkigt. Go to AirLeg 32

May 13, 1944, marked the first operational flight ever made by this type of plane. The aircraft was a bright red and the pilot was Wolfgang Spate. This signaled the beginning of a new phase in air warfare. Go to AirLeg 50 This unique experimental aircraft, with its propeller in the front and propeller in the rear, was not produced until 1944. The course of the war interrupted its development. Go to AirLeg 68 This American made aircraft saw service with the Royal Navy before the U.S. Navy. Known as the Martlet by the Royal Navy, this aircraft saw action in the Pacific. Go to AirLeg 79 Developed towards the end of 1916 by Herbert Smith, this aircraft had a carrier-based version called the 2F.1. The plane had a nickname derived from the humpshaped fairing over its two synchronized forward-firing machine-guns. It became famous for its maneuverability and outstanding performance in combat. This airplane was used to shoot down 1,294 enemy planes during WWI. Go to AirLeg 75 This aircraft saw more than 30 years of service. Nicknamed the CAT, this plane saw extensive action during WWII. Go to AirLeg 60 Known by the French as the Tomahawk, and Kittyhawk by the British, this aircraft was made famous by volunteer pilots in China. Go to AirLeg 26 Named after a General who was court-martialed for insubordination, this aircraft was made famous by James H. Doolittle on April 18, 1942. Go to AirLeg 87 Many things have been said and written about this aircraft - that it was the best combat plane of WWII, that it was the plane that marked the transition from piston-engine fighters to jet fighters, that it was the plane that gave the Allies final supremacy in the skies. Not only did this plane see action in Korea, but it was also powered by the same engine that made the Spitfire famous. Go to AirLeg 38

Answers
The Early Pioneers AirLeg 3 3) When level at 1500 feet, record your: GEAR ___________UP_____________(10 pts) FLAPS ___________UP____________(10 pts) AirLeg 4 2) When level, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude ___________2450 to 2550____________ (35 pts) DME from SLI VOR ________14.8 to 15.5_______ (30 pts) VSI _________________-50 to +50___________ (20 pts) What Victor airway is South of you? ___V8-64____ (10 pts) AirLeg 9 1) When intercepting the LAX VOR 010 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from VNY VOR ___________9.7 to 10.3___________ (30 pts) Heading to maintain track _________262 to 267_________ (30 pts) Altitude ______________1450 to 1550________________ (25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR ___________316 to 320___________ (25 pts) DME from LAX VOR __________15.0 to 15.6___________ (20 pts) VSI ____________________-50 to +50_______________ (15 pts) Name of the closest airport __________BURBANK_______ (10 pts)

AirLeg 11 1) When abeam Marina Del Rey, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading to maintain track______150 to 155_______ (45 pts) DME from VNY VOR_________13.5 to 14.5_______ (35 pts) DME from LAX VOR___________5.1 to 5.7_______ (35 pts) Altitude_____________3450 to 3550____________ (25 pts) Radial from LAX VOR_________016 to 020_______ (25 pts) VSI____________-50 to +50___________________ (15 pts) What objects are down under your right wing? _____________Oil Wells______________________ (15 pts) AirLeg 13 1) When abeam the Santa Anita Racetrack, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR___________088 to 092___________ (30 pts) DME from VNY VOR___________24.6 to 25.1___________ (30 pts) Altitude___________________950 to 1050_____________ (20 pts) VSI________________________-50 to +50_____________ (15 pts) AirLeg 15 1) When abeam Dodger Stadium, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR_________108 to 112_____ (45 pts) DME from VNY VOR_______14.7 to 15.5_______ (40 pts)

Radial from LAX VOR______028 to 034________ (35 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_____314 to 320__________ (30 pts) Altitude___________2450 to 2550____________ (25 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50________________ (15 pts) What visual check point is coming on your LEFT? _______________CITY HALL________________ (10 pts) AirLeg 16 2) Record your: Altitude___________1450 to 1550______________ (20pts) VSI______________-50 to +50________________ (20pts) AirLeg 18 2) When abeam COMPTON airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading___________352 to 358___________ (35pts) Altitude__________950 to 1050____________ (30pts) DME from LAX VOR_______12.1 to 12.7____ (25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______292 to 300_____ (20 pts) Deck of Class B airspace at your location 5000 (10 pts) AirLeg 21 2) When abeam GARVEY RESERVOIR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading to maintain radial track___226 to 230__ (40 pts) DME from LAX VOR_____15.6 to 16.0________ (35 pts)

Altitude______________1450 to 1550_________ (30 pts) VSI____________________-50 to +50________ (20 pts) Victor airway you are on______V264___________ (10 pts) AirLeg 24 1) When over the COLISEUM, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR______040 to 044____ (40 pts) DME from LAX VOR______8.3 to 8.8______ (35 pts) Heading____________175 to 185________ (35 pts) Alitude______________2450 to 2550_____ (25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR______300 to 306____ (15 pts) DME from SLI VOR_______17.5 to 18.0___ (15 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50___________ (10 pts) Floor of Class B airspace you are in _2500__ (10 pts) Which Victor airway uses SMO VOR?__V107 (10 pts) AirLeg 34 2) When abeam the HOSPITAL, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading__________215 to 225____________ (40pts) Altitude__________1950 to 2050___________ (35 pts) VSI____________-50 to +50______________ (30 pts) Radial from LAX VOR_______070 to 076_____ (20 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______13.2 to 13.8_____ (20 pts)

AirLeg 35 3) When 15 DME from LAX VOR, press P to pause simulation Record your: Altitude__________2450 to 2550__________ (35 pts) Radial from LAX VOR________050 to 058___ (30 pts) VSI_______________-50 to +50__________ (25 pts) Heading__________228 to 232___________ (15 pts) What visual check point did you pass on your left? _________GARVEY RESERVOIR_________ (10 pts) AirLeg 37 1) When intercepting airway V459, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from VNY VOR_______12.5 to 13.1_____ (30 pts) Heading to maintain track____262 to 267_____ (30 pts) Altitude___________1450 to 1550__________ (25 pts) Radial from LAX VOR____018 to 022_______ (25 pts) DME from LAX VOR____15.5 to 16.1_______ (20 pts) VSI________________-50 to +50__________ (15 pts) Name of intersection you are on__DARTS____ (10 pts) AirLeg 40 2) When over the GRAVEL PITS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR____352 to 358______ (30 pts)

DME from VNY VOR____5.9 to 6.4________ (30 pts) Altitude_________1950 to 2050__________ (25 pts) Frequency of control tower at Burbank _118.7_ (10 pts) AirLeg 44 2) When abeam the 1887 foot lookout tower, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR____080 to 086_____ (35 pts) DME from VNY VOR____14.3 to 14.8_____ (30 pts) Heading__________085 to 090_________ (25 pts) Altitude________2450 to 2550__________ (20 pts) VSI___________-50 to +50_____________ (10 pts) AirLeg 45 1) When overhead SHEPHERD field, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR_______058 to 062____ (40 pts) DME from LAX VOR 19.8 to 20.2 [20.7 to 21.1] (30 pts) Altitude_____________1950 to 2050________ (25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR__344 to 350 [346 to 352] (20 pts) DME from VNY VOR 25.3 to 25.9 [25.9 to 26.5] (20 pts) Distance to the Colleges in Pasadena 8.4 to 8.6 (10 pts) AirLeg 47 2) When overhead the observatory, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

DME from LAX VOR _13.7 to 14.5 [14.2 to 15.0] (45 pts) Radial from VNY VOR _106 to 110 [100 to 104]_ (40 pts) Altitude_____________2450 to 2550_________ (35 pts) VSI_________________-50 to +50___________ (25 pts) Length of longest runway at Burbank-Glendale-Pasadena airport?_____________6900________________ (10 pts) Name of closest intersection north northeast of you __________________DARTS_______________ (10 pts) AirLeg 48 1) When abeam the 786 foot grouped twin towers on your right, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude___________1450 to 1550________ (40 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______354 to 004____ (30 pts) DME from SLI VOR______16.4 to 17.4_____ (25 pts) DME from LAX VOR___23.5 to 24.5_______ (15 pts) VSI_____________50 to +50____________ (10 pts) Heading_________098 to 102___________ (10 pts) AirLeg 53 4) When abeam CITY HALL, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading to maintain track______040 to 044____ (45 pts) DME from SLI VOR__________16.5 to 16.9____ (35 pts) Altitude_________________2450 to 2550_____ (35 pts)

VSI______________-50 to +50______________ (25 pts) Radial from VNY VOR_____116 to 120________ (25 pts) Remaining distance along airway V264 to POM VOR __________________22.3 to 22.8___________ (15 pts) Magnetic course to SHEPHERD FIELD _______________082 to 086_______________ (15 pts) AirLeg 62 3) When at altitude, record your: GEAR_________________UP____________ (10 pts) FLAPS________________UP____________ (10 pts) AirLeg 64 2) When crossing the LAX VOR 000 radial, record your: Altitude___________2450 to 2550_______ (30 pts) VSI______________-50 to +50_________ (25 pts) AirLeg 72 2) When crossing the San Gabriel River, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SLI VOR____324 to 328______ (35 pts) DME from SLI VOR____6.6 to 7.0_________ (25 pts) Heading____________252 to 256________ (20 pts) VSI______________-50 to +50___________ (15 pts) DME from VNY VOR____27.8 to 28.4______ (10 pts) The LAX Class B boundary segment north of you uses

which VOR as its reference? PARADISE (PDZ) (10 pts) What river is west of you? LOS ANGELES____ (5 pts) AirLeg 73 1) When abeam a point between the two sets of parallel runways, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading along the Shoreline Route 315 to 325 (35 pts) Altitude_________2450 to 2550___________ (30 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50____________ (20 pts) Distance to Santa Monica airport___4.5 to 5.0 (10 pts) AirLeg 75 1) When abeam the grouped 1110 foot buildings, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LAX VOR________13.4 to 14.0____ (35 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_________309 to 315___ (35 pts) Distance from Santa Monica airport__8.7 to 9.3 (20 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50______________ (15 pts) AirLeg 82 2) When overhead the stacks, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LAX VOR____ 5.4 to 5.9_________ (40 pts) Radial from SLI VOR____264 to 268________ (35 pts) Altitude__________2450 to 2550__________ (20 pts) Heading________265 to 275_____________ (15 pts)

Name of closest airway intersection__HERMO (10 pts) AirLeg 85 2) When 12.0 DME from LAX VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LAX VOR_____074 to 082_____ (45 pts) DME from SLI VOR______10.3 to 11.2_____ (40 pts) Which river is East of you?_LOS ANGELES__ (15 pts) Altitude___________2450 to 2550_________ (15 pts) AirLeg 88 2) Press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________165 to 175______ (25 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_________322 to 326____ (20 pts) DME from LAX VOR________14.8 to 15.2____ (15 pts) Altitude__________1950 to 2050___________ (15 pts) DME from VNY VOR 23.9 to 24.3 [23.5 to 23.9]_ (15 pts) Name of river southeast of you SAN GABRIEL__ (5 pts) AirLeg 89 3) When crossing the VFR Corridor for LAX's Class B airspace, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SLI VOR______8.7 to 9.5____ (45 pts) DME from LAX VOR___13.2 to 13.8____ (40 pts) DME from VNY VOR____29.3 to 30.2__ (35 pts)

Altitude_____________1450 to 1550__ (25 pts) Victor airway North of you___V8-64____ (10 pts) AirLeg 90 2) When intercepting the LAX VOR 342 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LAX VOR_________12.6 to 13.2___ (40 pts) DME from VNY VOR________4.8 to 5.2______ (35 pts) Heading_____________303 to 309_________ (25 pts) Distance from Burbank airport___5.8 to 6.2____ (25 pts) Altitude________1450 to 1550_____________ (20 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50_____________ (15 pts) What four visual check points surround you? _______HOLLYWOOD HILLS____________ _______SEPULVEDA PASS_____________ _______MAY COMPANY________________ _SEPULVEDA FLOOD CONTROL BASIN__ (15 pts) AirLeg 98 2) When overhead the ROSE BOWL, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from VNY VOR______086 to 094_____ (50 pts) Radial from LAX VOR______026 to 034_____ (45 pts) Radial from SLI VOR______328 to 336______ (40 pts) DME from SLI VOR_______22.7 to 23.4_____ (35 pts)

DME from LAX VOR19.4 to 20.1 [17.9 to 18.6] (30 pts) DME from VNY VOR 16.2 to 17.0 [15.8 to 16.7] (25 pts) Altitude__________950 to 1050____________ (25 pts) Heading___________342 to 350___________ (20 pts) AirLeg 102 2) When overhead ALONDRA PARK, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_____________950 to 1050_______ (30 pts) Radial from SLI VOR_______272 to 280___ (25 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______5.3 to 5.9_____ (15 pts) Heading__________220 to 227__________ (15 pts) AirLeg 110 1) When crossing airway V264, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude___________2450 to 2550________ (35 pts) DME from LAX VOR_______9.8 to 10.2____ (35 pts) VSI__________-50 to +50_______________ (30 pts) Heading_______300 to 310______________ (30 pts) AirLeg 114 2) When abeam midpoint of HAWTHORNE airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading__________240 to 248____________ (25 pts) Altitude__________450 to 550_____________ (20 pts)

VSI____________-50 to +50______________ (20 pts) DME from VNY VOR 20.5 to 21.1 [19.5 to 20.1] (20 pts) AirLeg 116 1) When crossing the LAX VOR 164 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________220 to 227_________ (40 pts) Altitude___________950 to 1050_______ (30 pts) VSI_____________-50 to +50_________ (20 pts) DME from LAX VOR 5.6 to 6.2 [5.0 to 5.6] (20 pts) Name of beaches on either side of you _______REDONDO BEACH__________ _______HERMOSA BEACH__________ (10 pts)

by Fred J. Calfior and Douglas W. Miller

Highways in the Skies AirLeg 2 2) When overhead COLLI intersection, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading___________290 to 306____________ (50 pts) Altitude____________2450 to 2550__________ (45 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______026 to 030______ (40 pts) DME from OAK VOR________10.4 to 10.8____ (35 pts) Radial from SAU VOR________070 to 074____ (30 pts) VSI_____________________-50 to +50______ (20 pts) AirLeg 3 3) When overhead ANGEL ISLAND, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading__________294 to 300_____________ (70 pts) Altitude________2950 to 3050______________ (60 pts) DME from SAU VOR__4.0 to 4.6 [4.8 to 5.4]____ (50 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______332 to 338_______ (50 pts) VSI_________________-50 to +50___________ (40 pts) Radial from SAU VOR________068 to 072_____ (20 pts) Name of closest intersection to vou__COMMO___ (5 pts) AirLeg 4 1) When abeam LAKE MERCED, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Radial from SFO VOR_______294 to 302________ (45 pts) DME from SFO VOR__________9.6 to 10.5______ (40 pts) DME from OAK VOR________14.0 to 15.1_______ (35 pts) Radial from SAU VOR________164 to 174_______ (35 pts) Heading__________________188 to 200_______ (30 pts) Altitude__________________1950 to 2050______ (25 pts) VSI______________________-50 to +50_______ (15 pts) What sport takes place to your east? _____________hang gliding_____________ (5 pts) AirLeg 6 2) When 10.5 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial inbound to SFO VOR___312 to 316_____ (40 pts) CDI needle position to SFO VOR__Centered___ (40 pts) DME from OAK VOR________12.3 to 12.8_____ (30 pts) Radial from SAU VOR__146 to 150[136 to 140]_ (30 pts) Altitude_______________2950 to 3050_______ (20 pts) VSI________________-50 to +50___________ (10 pts) Floor of controlled airspace you're in____3000___ (5 pts) Floor of controlled airspace you're entering _____________________2100____________ (5 pts) AirLeg 11

2) When 20.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading__________095 to 099_____________ (50 pts) CDI needle position from OAK VOR__Centered_ (45 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______14.2 to 14.6______ (35 pts) Altitude_____________2950 to 3050_________ (25 pts) VSI________________-50 to +50___________ (20 pts) Radial from SAU VOR___098 to 104_________ (10 pts) Altitude of IFR Departure route you're close to ________14.000___________________ (5 pts) Altitude of IFR Arrival route you're close to ________4.000_____________________ (5 pts) AirLeg 16 1) When overhead the TOLL PLAZA, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR___________10.2 to 10.7______ (55 pts) DME from OAK VOR___________7.0 to 7.6________ (45 pts) Radial from SFO VOR___________072 to 078______ (35 pts) Radial from OAK VOR___________132 to 138______ (30 pts) Altitude______2050 to 2150 or 2950 to 3050_______ (25 pts) Heading___006 to 012 or 345 to 355 [328 to 338]___ (25 pts) Deck of Class B airspace you're in_______3000_____ (10 pts) Autopilot_______________OFF_________________ (5 pts)

AirLeg 17 1) When overhead the G.M. PLANT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________131 to 138_____ (50 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______092 to 096______ (40 pts) DME from SFO VOR________21.3 to 21.7____ (35 pts) Altitude______________2950 to 3050________ (25 pts) DME from OAK VOR_______18.6 to 19.2_____ (20 pts) Radial from SAU VOR______110 to 116______ (20 pts) Floor of controlled airspace in front of you_1500__ (5 pts) AirLeg 18 1) When 22.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI____________-50 to +50_________ (35 pts) XPDR_________1200______________ (10 pts) Autopilot_______OFF_______________ (5 pts) AirLeg 22 2) Overhead CAMP PARKS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SFO VOR_________058 to 062___ (50 pts) DME from SFO VOR_________24.4 to 25.0___ (45 pts) VSI___________________-50 to +50________ (35 pts) Heading________________110 to 118______ (30 pts)

Altitude_____________2450 to 2550________ (25 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_____072 to 076_______ (25 pts) Autopilot________________OFF___________ (15 pts) Name of the two towns southeast and southwest of the airport________Livermore & Pleasanton____ (10 pts) AirLeg 28 2) When abem the HALF MOON BAY airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR________8.9 to 9.5_____ (50 pts) Altitude_______________2950 to 3050______ (40 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_______210 to 216____ (35 pts) Heading______________160 to 170________ (30 pts) DME from SAU VOR_______19.6 to 20.5_____ (20 pts) AirLeg 29 1) When overhead Pt San Pedro, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from SFO VOR_______240 to 244_____ (40 pts) DME from SFO VOR______7.0 to 7.3________ (35 pts) Heading______________335 to 345_________ (25 pts) Altitude_____________1450 to 1550_________ (25 pts) Radial from SAU VOR_______162 to 170_____ (15 pts) DME from OAK VOR _15.8 to 16.4 [15.4 to 16.0] (15 pts) Floor of airspace just west ofPacifica___1500____ (5 pts)

AirLeg 44 1) When intercepting the SFO VOR 090 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR__10.9 to 11.7 [12.0 to 12.8]_ (50 pts) Heading______________197 to 203___________ (40 pts) Altitude___________2950 to 3050_____________ (30 pts) Radial from OAK VOR__138 to 146 [134 to 142]__ (25 pts) DME from OAK VOR__9.8 to 10.4 [10.7 to 11.3]___ (15 pts) Deck of airspace in front of you_______2500______ (10 pts) VSI_________________-50 to +50_____________ (10 pts) AirLeg 49 1) When overhead MOUNT DIABLO, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude___________5450 to 5550____________ (80 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50___________ (65 pts)

Radial from OAK VOR_______034 to 042_______ (50 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______26.2 to 27.2_______ (40 pts) DME from SAU VOR_______27.3 to 28.3_______ (25 pts) Highest elevation point at Mt. Diablo___3849_____ (10 pts) Height of tower on Mt. Diablo_______3865_______ (10 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______032 to 040________ (10 pts) AirLeg 50 3) When abeam Hayward airport, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Radial from OAK VOR_______120 to 126_______ (40 pts) DME from SFO VOR________10.3 to 10.7______ (35 pts) Heading________________345 to 352_________ (35 pts) Altitude___________2450 to 2550_____________ (25 pts) Radial from SFO VOR_________056 to 062______ (15 pts) Ceiling of Class D airspace you're in_____1500____ (5 pts) AirLeg 55 3) When 3.0 DME from SAU VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_____________2450 to 2550_______ (40 pts) CDI needle position to SAU VOR__Centered_ (35 pts) Radial inbound___________102 to 106_____ (30 pts) Heading________________282 to 286_____ (20 pts) VSI Gear _____________-50 to +50_________ (15 pts) _________________UP___________ (10 pts)

Flaps _________________UP___________ (5 pts) AirLeg 59 4) When 6.5 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position from OAK VOR_Centered_ (45 pts) DME from SFO VOR__________12.0 to 12.4__ (45 pts) DME from SAU VOR__________22.0 to 22.7__ (40 pts) Radial from SAU VOR__________104 to 110__ (30 pts)

Altitude____________________2950 to 3050__ (25 pts) Heading_____________________110 to 117__ (20 pts) VSI ___________________-50 to +50______ (15 pts)

Name of airport alongside of you___HAYWARD__ (5 pts) AirLeg 62 1) When 10.0 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI _________-50 to +50_________ (25 pts)

Autopilot__________OFF___________ (10 pts) AirLeg 63 2) When overhead Palo Alto airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_____________218 to 228_______ (40 pts) DME from SFO VOR 15.5-16.2 [15.2 to 15.9] (35 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_____144 to 148_____ (30 pts) Altitude_________________2950 to 3050___ (25 pts) VSI ________________-50 to +50_______ (20 pts)

Autopilot_________________OFF_________ (10 pts) Height of obstruction southwest of you___203__ (5 pts) AirLeg 74 2) When 12.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position from SFO VOR Centered (50 pts)

Heading_________________152 to 155____ (40 pts) Altitude_________________2950 to 3050___ (25 pts) DME from OAK VOR_________18.2 to 18.7__ (15 pts) VSI ___________________-50 to +50____ (15 pts)

AirLeg 75 1) When crossing airway V6, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR_________20.0 to 20.6___ (40 pts) DME from OAK VOR________10.6 to 11.2____ (40 pts) DME from SAU VOR 20.0 to 20.6 120.7 to 21.31 (35 pts) Radial from SFO VOR__________022 to 030___ (25 pts) Altitude_______________3450 to 3550_______ (20 pts) Heading________________062 to 070________ (10 pts) VSI _______________-50 to+50___________ (10 pts)

Autopilot__________________OFF___________ (5 pts) AirLeg 77 2) When abeam the 940 foot large cross, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_______________1950 to 2050_________ (50 pts) VSI _________________-50 to +50__________ (40 pts)

DME from SAU VOR_______6.5 to 7.1_________ (30 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______306 to 310________ (30 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______8.8 to 9.5_________ (25 pts)

Heading_________________347 to 354________ (20 pts) Distance to Hunters Point______5.8 to 6.2_______ (10 pts) AirLeg 79 2) When 25.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_________________2450 to 2550______ (40 pts) DME from OAK VOR________21.2 to 21.6_____ (25 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_______110 to 114______ (20 pts) VSI ___________________-50 to +50_______ (20 pts)

Name of intersection you just passed___MISQN__ (10 pts) AirLeg 84 3) When overhead the GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude____________2950 to 3050______ (45 pts) DME from OAK VOR___12.9 to 13.4_____ (40 pts) Radial from SFO VOR___320 to 326_____ (35 pts) Heading___________276 to 280________ (25 pts) VSI Gear ____________-50 to +50________ (15 pts) ______________UP___________ (10 pts)

Flaps _______________UP__________ (10 pts) AirLeg 85 1) When 15.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your:

VSI

_______________-50 to +50___________ (45 pts)

Autopilot_________________OFF_____________ (15 pts) AirLeg 86 1) When abeam CAL STATE UNIVERSITY, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from OAK VOR_________100 to 104_______ (30 pts) DME from SFO VOR___________14.8 to 15.6_____ (30 pts) Altitude___________________2950 to 3050_______ (25 pts) Heading_____________145 to 155 or 022 to 028___ (20 pts) VSI ______________________-50 to +50_______ (15 pts)

Radial from SFO VOR____________062 to 068_____ (15 pts) Between what two Victor airways are you? ___________V 195-301 and V 107___________ (5 pts) AirLeg 89 1) When overhead Palo Alto airport, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_____________098 to 103_______ (40 pts) Altitude____________2450 to 2550_______ (35 pts) DME from OAK VOR___16.4 to 16.9_______ (25 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50_______ (20 pts)

Ceiling of Palo Alto's Class D airspace ____up to but not including 1500___ (10 pts) AirLeg 90

4) When intercepting the SFO VOR 228 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from SFO VOR__7.7 to 8.3 [8.7 to 9.3]__ (30 pts) Heading_____________290 to 300_________ (30 pts) Altitude___________1950 to 2050__________ (20 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_______216 to 224____ (15 pts) DME from OAK VOR 17.0 to 17.6 [18.0 to 18.6] (15 pts) Floor of Class B airspace you're in___5000____ (5 pts) Floor of Class B airspace in front of you__2100_ (5 pts) AirLeg 98 2) When overhead the GOLDEN GATE BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude___________2450 to 2550______ (35 pts) Heading___________080 to 090_______ (35 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50______ (30 pts)

DME from SFO VOR______12.6 to 13.2__ (15 pts) DME from OAK VOR______13.0 to 13.6__ (15 pts) AirLeg 100 2) When overhead DECOT intersection, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position to OAK VOR Centered_ (40 pts) Altitude___________2450 to 2550________ (35 pts) DME from OAK VOR______10.8 to 11.2____ (35 pts)

Radial from SFO VOR_____074 to 080_____ (30 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50________ (20 pts)

Name of airport in front of vou____HAYWARD (10 pts) Closest visual check point to vou Jackson St. (5 pts) AirLeg 102 1) When crossing the SAN MATEO BRIDGE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_______________310 to 320______ (30 pts) DME from SFO VOR_______7.2 to 7.7_____ (30 pts) Radial from OAK VOR________158 to 164__ (25 pts) Altitude___________950 to 1050__________ (20 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50_______ (20 pts)

Radial from SAU VOR_______118 to 126___ (20 pts) DME from OAK VOR________7.1 to 7.7____ (10 pts) ATIS frequency for San Francisco International airport____________108.9________ (5 pts) AirLeg 103 2) When abeam the KGO radio station, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_______________220 to 230______ (25 pts) Radial from SFO VOR____096 to 102_______ (25 pts) DME from SFO VOR_____14.7 to 15.3______ (20 pts) Altitude________________2450 to 2550____ (15 pts)

VSI

__________________-50 to +50____ (10 pts)

DME from OAK VOR_________13.9 to 14.5__ (10 pts) Ceiling of Class B airspace you're in__8000___ (5 pts) Palo Alto's ATIS frequency______120.6______ (5 pts) AirLeg 105 3) When 30.0 DME from SFO VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading___________350 to 000___________ (30 pts) Altitude____________2450 to 2550_________ (25 pts) DME from SAU VOR 31.8 to 32.4 [32.3 to 32.9] (15 pts) VSI____________________-50 to +50______ (10 pts) Radial from SAU VOR________066 to 072___ (10 pts) DME from OAK VOR________20.4 to 21.1___ (10 pts) AirLeg 109 1) At 6.5 DME from OAK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: CDI needle position from OAK VOR Centered (45 pts) Heading_____________202 to 208________ (45 pts) Altitude_____________2450 to 2550_______ (35 pts) DME from SAU VOR 17.7 to 18.1 [18.3 to 18.9] (20 pts) Radial from SFO VOR______024 to 030_____ (15 pts) Name of body of water you just passed _____Upper San Leandro Reservoir__ (5 pts) Variation line you're close to____15 45' E_____ (5 pts)

AirLeg 113 4) When overhead the Upper San Leandro Reservoir, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading___________017 to 023__________ (50 pts) Altitude___________3450 to 3550_________ (45 pts) DME from OAK VOR__5.6 to 6.4 [4.7 to 5.5]__ (40 pts) Radial from OAK VOR_______048 to 054____ (35 pts) Radial from SFO VOR_______036 to 044____ (25 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50________ (15 pts)

DME from SFO VOR 14.9 to 15.5 [14.1 to 14.7]_ (10 pts)

Air Warriors AirLeg 5 1) When overhead the lookout tower on the western side of Long Beach, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_________________284 to 290___ (50 pts) Altitude________________6950 to 7050___ (40 pts) DME from JFK VOR_________2.8 to 3.6___ (30 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____172 to 179_____ (20 pts) Frequencies of the two NDB stations in front of you _____________373 and 414_______ (10 pts) AirLeg 6 2) When abeam ALPINE TOWER, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI__________________-50 to +50________ (60 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______352 to 358_____ (55 pts) DME from JFK VOR 21.6 to 22.4 [20.6 to 21.4] (45 pts) Heading_________________297 to 303_____ (30 pts) Altitude_______________7450 to 7550______ (30 pts) DME from LGA VOR 10.2 to 10.8 [10.6 to 11.3] (20 pts) Autopilot________________OFF___________ (10 pts) AirLeg 7 1) When abeam the STACKS, visual check point in Crab Meadow, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: CDI needle position to DPK VOR CENTERED (60 pts) OBS setting to DPK VOR_____154 to 162___ (50 pts) Heading to maintain track______155 to 165__ (40 pts) DME from DPK VOR 9.4 to 10.2 [7.5 to 8.3]__ (30 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_______050 to 058____ (25 pts) DME from JFK VOR 23.9 to 24.7 [22.8 to 23.4] (20 pts) Altitude_______________2450 to 2550_____ (15 pts) VSI ______________-50 to +50_________ (15 pts)

AGL height of the STACKS________600____ (5 pts) AirLeg 8 3) When 7.0 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading_______________030 to 040______ (65 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_____034 to 042______ (60 pts) DME from LGA VOR_8.0 to 8.8 [7.2 to 8.0]___ (50 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_270 to 278__________ (35 pts) DME from DPK VOR_18.5 to 19.5__________ (25 pts) Radial from LGA VOR 126 to 136 [117 to 127]_ (15 pts) Maximum Elevation Figure of section you're in _______________600______________ (5 pts) Name of heliport closest to you____ISLAND___ (5 pts) AirLeg 9

3) When overhead the 563 foot obstruction near Syosset, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading______________337 to 343________ (60 pts) DME from DPK VOR_____7.7 to 8.4_________ (50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_096 to 104 [093 to 101]_ (40 pts) Altitude______________2950 to 3050________ (35 pts) VSI _______________-50 to +50__________ (30 pts)

DME from JFK VOR_17.6 to 18.2 [17.2 to 17.8]_ (20 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_062 to 070 [058 to 066]__ (20 pts) IFR Departure Route altitudes you just passed _____7000 and 9000________________ (10 pts) AirLeg 10 2) When 10.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR_______107 to 116_____ (50 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _037 to 047 [045 to 055]_ (45 pts) Heading_________________270 to 280______ (40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR _278 to 288 [266 to 276]_ (35 pts) Altitude_____________7450 to 7550_________ (30 pts) DME from DPK VOR_______15.5 to 16.5_____ (20 pts) DME from JFK VOR__11.0 to 12.0 [8.1 to 9.1]_ (15 pts) What harbor is north of you?__HEMPSTEAD___ (5 pts) AirLeg 11

3) Overhead BELMONT LAKE, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR_____216 to 222_____ (55 pts) DME from DPK VOR 3.1 to 3.8 [3.8 to 4.5]___ (50 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______080 to 088_____ (45 pts) DME from JFK VOR20.9 to 21.7 [19.9 to 20.5] (40 pts) Heading____________335 to 343__________ (35 pts) Altitude__________1150 to 1250__________ (25 pts) VSI __________-50 to +50_____________ (20 pts)

Two major towns southeast and southwest of Belmont Lake _____Lindenhurst and Bavshore___ (10 pts)

AirLeg 15 2) When abeam Bayville, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_______13.2 to 13.9___ (65 pts) Radial from LGA VOR 080 to 088 [074 to 082] (60 pts) DME from JFK VOR 17.3 to 18.1 [16.6 to 17.4] (55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_______302 to 308____ (45 pts) Heading______________270 to 276________ (35 pts) Altitude_____________2950 to 3050________ (25 pts) VSI ______________-50 to +50__________ (20 pts)

DME from LGA VOR____13.9 to 14.7________ (10 pts) AirLeg 17

3) When overhead the JONES BEACH MONUMENT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading____________075 to 085____________ (45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR______110 to 116________ (40 pts) DME from JFK VOR______12.0 to 12.8________ (40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_______226 to 232_______ (30 pts) Altitude______________6950 to 7050_________ (20 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50_____________ (15 pts)

Total number of mini-islands north of Tobay Beach __You've got to be kidding!____________ (5 pts) AirLeg 19 1) When overhead ORADELL RESERVOIR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading____________296 to 302________ (70 pts) DME from LGA VOR____12.3 to 13.1______ (50 pts) Altitude___________6950 to 7050________ (40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____298 to 306______ (30 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50_________ (20 pts)

Radial from JFK VOR______340 to 348_____ (10 pts) AirLeg 20 1) When crossing the JFK VOR 000 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR______5.4 to 6.2_______ (60 pts)

DME from LGA VOR__5.5 to 6.4 [4.4 to 5.3]__ (55 pts) Radial from LGA VOR 158 to 166 [145 to 155]_ (45 pts) Heading_____________070 to 078_________ (40 pts) DME from DPK VOR 23.0 to 24.0 [22.3 to 23.3] (35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____268 to 276______ (25 pts) AirLeg 21 3) When on the JFK VOR 260 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR__2.8 to 3.6 [4.1 to 4.9]__ (50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR______182 to 190_____ (40 pts) DME from LGA VOR 11.4 to 12.2 [10.3 to 11.1] (30 pts) Heading_____________143 to 153_________ (30 pts) VSI _________-50 to +50______________ (25 pts)

Altitude_________6950 to 7050____________ (15 pts) Name of recreation area closest to you _Gateway National recreation area__ (5 pts) AirLeg 22 1) When overhead the eastern side of Long Beach, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude_____________6950 to 7050________ (40 pts) DME from JFK VOR____7.8 to 8.6__________ (35 pts) DME from LGA VOR 17.8 to 18.6 [16.6 to 17.4] (35 pts) Radial from JFK VOR_______120 to 128_____ (30 pts)

Heading_________________145 to 153_____ (25pts) Radial from DPK VOR_____235 to 244______ (20 pts) Ceiling of Class B airspace you're in _____________7000______________ (10 pts) AirLeg 25 4) When 2.0 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude______________6950 to 7050______ (55 pts) CDI needle position to JFK VOR CENTERED_ (50 pts) Heading____________072 to 078__________ (45 pts) VSI ____________-50 to +50___________ (40 pts)

DME from LGA VOR 11.2 to 11.8 19.8 to 10.41 (20 pts) Field elevation at JFK International airport _____________13_________________ (5 pts) AirLeg 28 3) When crossing the JFK VOR 120 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR_______4.8 to 5.2_______ (80 pts) Heading___________205 to 215___________ (70 pts) Altitude___________2450 to 2550__________ (60 pts) VSI __________-50 to +50______________ (50 pts)

DME from LGA VOR 14.9 to 15.7 [13.8 to 14.6] (30 pts) Radial from LGA VOR____150 to 160________ (15 pts)

AirLeg 38 1) When abeam LAKE SUCCESS, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_______14.7 to 15.5____ (70 pts) DME from LGA VOR_______10.6 to 11.4____ (55 pts) DME from JFK VOR_11.6 to 12.4 [10.2 to 11.0] (40 pts) Heading_______________182 to 188_______ (35 pts) Radial from LGA VOR_______102 to 108____ (30 pts) Altitude___________6950 to 7050_________ (20 pts) Floor of Class B airspace you're in___1500___ (5 pts) AirLeg 39 3) When abeam the 504 foot obstruction, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR_________3.6 to 4.3____ (55 pts) DME from LGA VOR_______29.6 to 30.4____ (50 pts) Radial from DPK VOR____088 to 096_______ (45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR___098 to 106________ (40 pts) Heading_____________077 to 083_________ (35 pts) VSI ____________-50 to +50___________ (25 pts)

Altitude___________1050 to 1150_________ (20 pts) Maximum Elevation Figure of your current position ___________800_________________ (10 pts) AirLeg 41

2) When 11.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR______356 to 004_____ (55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR______300 to 308_____ (50 pts) Heading_________________250 to 258_____ (40 pts) Altitude______________6950 to 7050______ (35 pts) VSI ______________-50 to +50_________ (25 pts)

DME from JFK VOR 22.0 to 22.8 [20.4 to 21.2] (20 pts) Major New York burrough east-southeast of you __________Yonkers______________ (5 pts) Name of river you've crossed____Hudson____ (5 pts) AGL height of ALPINE TOWER______416____ (5 pts) AirLeg 44 3) When overhead the twin towers, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading ___________200 to 205_____________ (65 pts) Radial from JFK VOR ___________310 to 320___ (55 pts) DME from DPK VOR ___________32.0 to 33.0___ (45 pts) Altitude ___________8450 to 8550_____________ (35 pts) Radial from LGA VOR ___________248 to 256___ (30 pts) DME from LGA VOR ___________6.8 to 7.6_____ (30 pts) Number of heliports within 5 miles of you _____3___ (5 pts) AirLeg 45

3) When overhead the NATIONAL CEMETERY, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME for DPK VOR___________3.9 to 4.6______ (55 pts) Heading ___________272 to 278_____________ (45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _________078 to 086_____ (35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR _________247 to 253_____ (25 pts) Altitude ___________950 to 1050_____________ (25 pts) VSI ______________-50 to +50____________ (15 pts)

AirLeg 53 3) When at station passage, press P to pause the simulation Record your: OBS heading to the station _____292 to 298_____ (65 pts) Altitude ____________3950 to 4050___________ (55 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50____________ (40 pts)

DME from JFK VOR _______23.3 to 24.1_______ (20 pts) TACAN channel for DPK VOR ______124_______ (5 pts) AirLeg 54 2) When abeam the racetrack at Mamaroneck, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR ____________22.6 to 23.4 [20.7 to 21.5] (60 pts) VSI _________________-50 to +50________________ (50 pts)

Altitude _________________6950 to 7050________________ (40 pts) Heading _________________088 to 092_________________ (40 pts)

Radial from LGA VOR ____________040 to 046___________ (35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR ___________310 to 320____________ (25 pts) AirLeg 55 1) When overhead FREEPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR __134 to 140 [126 to 132]__ (45 pts) Heading _____085 to 090 or 290 to 300________ (40 pts) DME from DPK VOR _15.4 to 16.0 [4.2 to 14.8]___ (35 pts) DME from LGA VOR ______14.8 to 15.6________ (25 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _________088 to 092_____ (20 pts) DME from JFK VOR ___________8.2 to 9.2_____ (15 pts) Floor and ceiling of Class B airspace you're in ___________1500 and 7000______________ (10 pts) AirLeg 58 1) When overhead Greenwich Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR ___________322 to 330__________ (80 pts) DME from DPK VOR ____19.1 to 19.9 [18.5 to 19.3]______ (70 pts) Radial from LGA VOR ___________050 to 060__________ (60 pts) Heading _______________025 to 032_________________ (50 pts) Altitude ______________6950 to 7050_________________ (30 pts) DME from JFK VOR ___________24.0 to 24.8___________ (15 pts) AirLeg 64 2) When crossing airway V123-157, press P to pause the simulation

Record your: Radial from LGA VOR _______043 to 045________ (55 pts) DME from LGA VOR ______10.7 to 11.3 [9.8 to 10.4] ____________or 12.4 to 13.2_______________ (50 pts) Radia from JFK VOR ________012 to 020________ (45 pts) DME from JFK VOR _______19.5 to 20.3 [17.2 to 18.0] _______or 21.2 to 22.0 [9.6 to 20.4]__________ (40 pts) Heading _____________350 to 004_____________ (30 pts) AirLeg 66 1) When overhead Shippan Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading ___________120 to 126___________ (60 pts) Altitude _________2450 to 2550____________ (50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR _________056 to 062_________ (40 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _________032 to 040_________ (40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR _________336 to 344_________ (40 pts) Name of other Points on either side of you ___________Greenwich and Long Neck________ (10 pts) AirLeg 67 1) When overhead NORTHPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR ________352 to 358________ (45 pts) Heading ______________055 to 060_____________ (45 pts) Altitude _____________3950 to 4050_____________ (30 pts) DME from DPK VOR __________6.8 to 7.4_________ (25 pts)

Name of the two bays northeast and northwest of you ___________Smithtown and Huntington_______ (10 pts) AirLeg 71 2) When crossing the JFK VOR 106 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR ____10.2 to 10.8 [11.0 to 11.6]____ (50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR ____136 to 142 [131 to 137]_____ (40 pts) Heading _______________145 to 150_______________ (30 pts) DME from LGA VOR _________18.3 to 18.9___________ (20 pts) DME from DPK VOR ____14.8 to 15.4 [14.1 to 14.8]_____ (20 pts) AirLeg 75 2) When over the threshold, press P to pause the simulation Record your: VSI ___________-200 to -300___________ (75 pts)

Heading ______________096 to 104___________ (60 pts) DME from DPK VOR ________8.7 to 9.2_________ (35 pts) Airspeed ______________60 to 70_____________ (20 pts) Gear _______________DOWN________________ (10 pts) Autopilot ______________OFF________________ (10 pts) AirLeg 77 1) When overhead Port Washington, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR _______090 to 098 [080 to 088]___ (40 pts) DME from DPK VOR ___________17.6 to 18.4_________ (35 pts)

Altitude ______________6950 to 7050_______________ (25 pts) DME from LGA VOR ___________7.8 to 8.6___________ (20 pts) What are the three dots near Great Neck? ___________Water, Oil, or Gas tanks_____________ (10 pts) AirLeg 80 2) When crossing airway Vl-16, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from JFK VOR _______12.8 to 13.2_______ (55 pts) Heading ___________340 to 350_____________ (45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR _______112 to 120_______ (35 pts) VSI ____________-50 to +50___________ (30 pts)

Altitude ___________6950 to 7050____________ (30 pts) DME from DPK VOR _______10.0 to 10.8_______ (20 pts) AirLeg 82 1) When 24.0 DME from LGA VOR, press P to pause the sim Record your: Heading ___________080 to 085___________ (45 pts) Altitude ___________4950 to 5050__________ (30 pts) VSI ___________-50 to +50____________ (20 pts)

AirLeg 84 2) When abeam LINCOLN TERRACE PARK, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading ___________025 to 035___________ (55 pts) DME from JFK VOR _______7.8 to 8.2_______ (50 pts)

Altitude ___________6950 to 7050__________ (45 pts) DME from LGA VOR ___8.7 to 9.5 [7.2 to 8.0]__ (35 pts) AirLeg 86 2) When overhead FREEPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from JFK VOR _______088 to 094_______ (40 pts) DME from LGA VOR __15.3 to 15.9 [14.2 to 14.8]_ (35 pts) Heading _____________105 to 110____________ (35 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50_____________ (30 pts)

Altitude ___________6950 to 7050_____________ (25 pts) DME from JFK VOR _____8.5 to 9.1 [8.0 to 8.7]___ (15 pts) Maximum Elevation Figure in your section? ____________________600_______________ (5 pts) AirLeg 94 2) When crossing the air sign that says 'Welcome to Connecticut!', press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LGA VOR _______15.8 to 16.2_______ (50 pts) Radial from LGA VOR _______056 to 060_______ (50 pts) Heading ____________015 to 025_____________ (40 pts) Radial from DPK VOR ________314 to 322______ (30 pts) Altitude ____________2950 to 3050____________ (20 pts) Name of amusement park off to your LEFT _______________Rye____________________ (5 pts) AirLeg 95

3) Upon crossing the DPK VOR 030 radial, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Altitude ___________4450 to 4550___________ (55 pts) VSI ___________-50 to +50___________ (45 pts)

DME from DPK VOR ___5.9 to 6.5 [4.9 to 5.6]___ (40 pts) Radial from LGA VOR _______088 to 094_______ (30 pts) Heading _____________075 to 085____________ (30 pts) Ceiling of Class C airspace you're overflying ___________4100_______________________ (5) AirLeg 97 3) When abeam the city of BayShore, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from DPK VOR ________1.5 to 2.3________ (40 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _________076 to 086______ (40 pts) Altitude ___________4050 to 4150_____________ (35 pts) Heading _____________277 to 283_____________ (35 pts) Radial from DPK VOR _______128 to 136_________ (20 pts) VSI AirLeg 106 2) When abeam the lighthouse on Sands Point, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from DPK VOR _______292 to 300_______ (55 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _______028 to 032_______ (45 pts) Radial from LGA VOR __080 to 090 [070 to 080]__ (40 pts) ______________-50 to +50____________ (15 pts)

Heading ____________024 to 028_____________ (35 pts) DME from DPK VOR _______17.3 to 18.3________ (25 pts) Altitude ___________6950 to 7050_____________ (15 pts) Name of closest airway intersection ____DUNBO__ (5 pts) AirLeg 109 3) When crossing 8.5 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Radial from LGA VOR _118 to 126 [106 to 114]_ (40 pts) Heading ___________048 to 056____________ (35 pts) DME from DPK VOR _______18.2 to 19.2_____ (25 pts) Altitude ___________7950 to 8050___________ (15 pts) Radial from JFK VOR ______032 to 038_______ (15 pts) AirLeg 110 2) When 9.5 DME from JFK VOR, press P to pause the simulation Record your: Heading ____________298 to 306___________ (65 pts) Altitude ___________6950 to 7050___________ (55 pts) VSI ___________-50 to +50___________ (45 pts)

Radial from JFK VOR ______056 to 064_______ (40 pts) DME from LGA VOR ______11.8 to 12.6_______ (30 pts) DME from DPK VOR ______14.5 to 15.5_______ (15 pts) Designation of ISLAND heliport _____4N6______ (5 pts) AirLeg 112

1) When overhead NORTHPORT, press P to pause the simulation Record your: DME from LGA VOR _______24.2 to 25.2_______ (70 pts) Heading _330 to 335 or 020 to 025 or 080 to 085_ (60 pts) Altitude _____5950 to 6050 or 4950 to 5050_____ (55 pts) Radial from DPK VOR ________353 to 000______ (45 pts) Radial from JFK VOR _________057 to 067______ (45 pts) VSI _____________-50 to +50___________ (25 pts)

DME from DPK VOR ________6.9 to 7.7_________ (20 pts) Magnetic variation at your position _____13 30' W__ (5 pts)

The Early Pioneers

World War II Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 531 to 585 World War I Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 431 to 530 Jacqueline Cochran - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 306 to 430 Waldo Pepper - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 201 to 305 Lt. George Boyle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 091 to 200 Take The Bus - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 000 to 090

Highways in the Skies

World War II Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 971 to 1050 World War I Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 811 to 970 Jacqueline Cochran - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 561 to 810 Waldo Pepper - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 381 to 560 Lt. George Boyle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 201 to 380 Take The Bus - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 000 to 200

Air Warriors

World War II Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1021 to 1145 World War I Ace - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 841 to 1020 Jacqueline Cochran - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 641 to 840 Waldo Pepper - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 431 to 640 Lt. George Boyle - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 221 to 430 Take The Bus - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 000 to 220

APPENDIX A
Los Angeles Terminal The charts for The Early Pioneers flight scenario are on the following two pages. The charts are to scale with symbol and distance scale information provided in Appendix B. Study the Terminal Area Charts, there is a wealth of information on them, (see Figure A. 1)

Figure A.1.

APPENDIX A
San Francisco Terminal The charts for the Highways in the Skies flight scenario are on the following two pages. The charts are to scale with symbol and distance scale information provided in Appendix B. Study the Terminal Area Charts, there is a wealth of information on them, (see Figure A.2)

Figure A.2.

APPENDIX A
New York Terminal The charts for the Air Warriors flight scenario are on the following two pages. The charts are to scale with symbol and distance scale information provided in Appendix B. Study the Terminal Area Charts, there is a wealth of information on them, (see Figure A. 3)

Figure A.3.

APPENDIX B
Terminal Chart Legend A VFR Terminal Area Chart legend is split up into seven sections: 1. Airports 2. Airport Data 3. Radio Aids to Navigation and Communication Boxes 4. Airport Traffic Service and Airspace Information 5. Obstructions 6. Miscellaneous 7. Topographical Information These will become very important to you as you fly your scenarios within this book. In addition, a mileage scale is provided which is vital for the measuring of distances. There are three possible units of measurement: 1. Nautical miles 2. Statute miles 3. Kilometers Pilots often use navigation plotters to help measure these distances. You can also use a simple ruler to note the length of the track desired, and measure it out on the mileage scale. A pencil may work, for simplicity sake, though certainly not very accurate! The important concern is only use the Nautical mile scale, since all distances are in nautical miles.

Other Flights of 13MIKE

Flights of 13MIKE - Book One - Level A Competitive, Challenging, Fun, Exciting, Thrilling, and Nerve Racking are words that have been used to describe flying these scenarios. Non-pilots, student pilots, and commercial pilots are all hooked on the challenge and adventure of 13MIKE. You do not have to be a pilot to enjoy the thrill and adventure of flying through the LA Class B Airspace Corridor. Professor Calfior is seated at your right for the entire flight. Drawing on years of flight training has enabled Professors Miller and Calfior to bring you the most authentic and realistic selection of flight scenarios that you have ever encountered. You feel like you are actually in the cockpit, with Professor Calfior giving you friendly advice in his humorous fashion. IFR Flights of 13MIKE - Book Two - Level B These scenarios are all instrument flights performed in thunderstorms, overcast, night, and day weather conditions. These flights have been created from the wealth of instrument flying experiences of the authors. They make you feel like you are right there in real life, fighting the turbulence and weather as you shoot an approach with a 200 foot ceiling at night. You've got to try this one!! Order form in back of book

Upcoming Flights
Flights of 13JULIETT - Book Four - Level B (Summer of 1995) Are you ready for something new? Then you have got to try this book. 13JULIETT is a sleek, FAST, beautiful, and trim Learjet aircraft. Oh, did I mention that she is FAST? Well, you get the picture. This type of flying is quite different than good old 13MIKE. You need to be on your toes all the time. Things happen mighty fast and this little beauty can get away from you in the twinkle of an eye. The flights are a mixture of high altitude jet route navigation, low altitude speed runs, and just plain yukky weather encounters. This one will challenge you! In Trouble with 13MIKE - Book Five - Level A (Fall of 1995) In Trouble with 13MIKE is a collection of flight segments where each segment deals with some type of emergency. These troubles range from a simple door ajar to engine or structural failure. The segments start off with a normal flight setting. As the flight progresses, things start to happen. Many of the segments deal with the particular emergency in a variety of ways, showing the various methods to handle the situation. At various times, throughout the scenario, you will be asked to pause the simulator and record varying flight parameters and aircraft

attitudes. At the end of the segment you will turn to the back of the book, where the answers are provided, and tally your score. Your accumulated score will indicate what type of pilot you are when the chips are down and it seems that your luck has just run out. This action book has a very extensive PreFlight section covering numerous emergency and unusual attitude procedures. You are not alone in the cockpit while all this is happening. Professor Calfior is right there with you in the right seat. His years of flight instructing and quick wit will save you from ultimate disaster.

BACK COVER
What would it be like to do a little orienteering with an airplane? Well, jump into old 13MIKE, get out the chart, and let's hit the sky. This book is written in a choose your own adventure style format. It is loaded with aviation trivia and little known facts to test your knowledge and skill. You need to solve puzzles, find answers to aviation trivia questions, and locate clues on the charts. to find your way. There can be as many as four or five different paths to arrive at a successful destination. Answer a question or puzzle wrong, and you will find yourself running out of gas, flying into a mountain, encountering severe weather, or looped to an AirLeg you've already flown, among other mishaps! You never know your destination airport until the very last moment. It is not wise to try and second guess your route or destination. There are scoring points throughout the flights. Professors Calfior and Miller keep your wings level and your heading true in their '13MIKE' series. Airienteering with '13MIKE' even makes getting lost a fun and educational experience. Gregory L. Harris - Editor-in-Chief, Full Throttle Magazine Aviation is an art form. True aviators have finesse based on historical knowledge that adds enjoyment to their flying. Airienteering is a book that strives for that enjoyment. Jeffrey Fritz Telecommunications Engineer, West Virginia University Airienteering with '13MIKE' is a wonderful addition to the 13MIKE series. Not only will it further your Flight Simulator aeronautical skill, it will challenge your knowledge of aviation history and trivia. Scott M. Spangler Editor, Flight Training Magazine CalMil Publishing