How to Read a Birth Chart Part Four: Relationship How Do We Love?

Let Us Count the Ways

by Bruce Scofield This article was first published in the Feb./March 2000 issue of The Mountain Astrologer and is reprinted here with minor editorial changes and by permission of the author. We humans are social animals. The many human cultures of the past and present are essentially complex outgrowths of the basic need for our species to live in groups. Its only natural that a high percentage of people who come to astrologers for readings are interested in relationships. Many want to better understand why they are having problems with their spouse, or why they dont have one. When will love come my way? is an extremely common question. Those who dare to be astrologers will definitely have to deal with these needs from their clients, in one way or another. Extracting information about relationships from a natal chart is possible, using some standard, and a few specialized, astrological techniques. However, no single set of astrological indicators answers every question about relating. Not every Leo will be compatible with Sagittarians. Those who have worked with clients who seek answers to their relationship needs will find that the success of a relationship often depends as much on circumstances and timing as it does on both the inherent nature of the natal chart and basic astrological compatibility. In this branch of astrology, there are no easy answers. Normally, an astrological discussion on relationships begins with the 7th house and moves fairly quickly into synastry, the comparison of two charts. I want to do something a little different here by concentrating on the bigger picture. I want to look at the larger patterns of human social interaction, how they are changing in our times, and how they are described with astrological symbolism. When an astrologer approaches relationships in terms of orientations, like those outlined below, he or she will have a better chance of understanding a clients relationship needs. When the astrologer meets clients where they themselves are, and

not where the astrologer (or society) thinks they should be, the astrologer can then help clients toward a realistic understanding of what they need and how to get it in appropriate ways without getting caught up in the expectations of society and those of the people around them. The key to what Im getting at lies in the notion that not every person is cut out to have the same kind of relationship orientation. Im going beyond gender orientation here and on to something much larger. An astrologers relationship orientation may not be the same as that of his or her client, and quite possibly neither of them may be naturally oriented in a way that meets the approval of society. The truth seems to be that, when stripped of religious injunctions and social laws, the activity of relating to others can take any number of forms. Here are four very basic types of relationships that all of us experience, to some degree or another, though one type may predominate and direct our choices. Everyones chart includes astrological symbolism for all four types of relationship, but in different proportions. [1] Relationship Type 3: Gemini, 3rd house, Mercury. This category describes relatively superficial relations based on communication and casual interaction. Emotion is not very significant here, and it does not affect interactions in any serious way. The primary motivation to relate is curiosity. There is a strong desire to compare and contrast and a strong need for variety. Another astrological symbol that supports this orientation is the sign Virgo. Relationship Type 11: Aquarius, 11th house, Uranus. This category focuses on associations that are based on specialized common interests. Emotional charge may exist in this category but is aroused by shared goals and ideals. Like Type 3, this orientation is primarily mental. Other astrological symbols that support this orientation are Sagittarius, which emphasizes the bigger picture, and also Jupiter and Saturn. Relationship Type 7: Libra, 7th house, Venus. Relationships in this category are those based on close cooperation and productivity. Here are partnerships in which each person depends on the other for results. Both mental and emotional needs are exercised in this category, which covers marriage in the traditional sense. Other astrological signatures that support this orientation are Neptune and Pisces, which allow one to adapt, compromise, and make the sacrifices necessary to keep this kind of relationship going, and Saturn and Capricorn, which indicate the need for security, constancy, and endurance. 2

Relationship Type 8: Scorpio, 8th house, Pluto. In this category, relationships are based almost totally on emotional needs, especially those involving security and reproduction. Other astrological symbols that support or stimulate this orientation are Taurus, which often seeks personal pleasures that may require another person to be present, and Saturn, which can promote psychological control. Using planets, signs, and houses, this scheme can reveal the dominant relationship pattern in a persons chart. For example, the signs of the Ascendant, Sun, Moon, and angular planets speak volumes about who we are. It follows that who we are affects relationship orientation; so, therefore, the most basic and personal astrological signatures of the chart should also be read in the context of how we relate to others. The 7th house shows, in a more focused way, our general orientation toward relating. Planets in this house, and planets closely aspecting its ruler, are important factors in assessing relationship needs. Planetary conflicts within the chart can also show conflicts between different modes of relating. In summary, the natal chart itself, and not just the 7th house, says much about a persons relationship orientation, the primacy of one specific orientation, or conflicts between various orientations. [2] Type 3 Relationship Orientation A most basic and very functional relationship orientation is the one I call Type 3, which is symbolized by Gemini, the 3rd house, and Mercury. In this orientation, we interact, mostly superficially, with those people whom we contact on a regular basis for either practical purposes or out of necessity. Gemini and the 3rd house describe relatives and neighbors, both categories fitting the above description. Unless we have something special going on with people drawn from these areas, we relate to them primarily by verbal communication. We talk with them about such things as the weather. Like other 3rd-house factors, they are basically a part of the environment that we move through on our daily rounds. Good communication makes for a better flow and more ground is covered. Emotional factors arent important here, but they can be; and when they are, they interfere with the Type 3 program. Variety is very important in this orientation. Having a 3rd-house relationship usually amounts to having a rather superficial relationship that doesnt demand allegiance or deep emotional entanglement. These 3

relationships mostly demand talk. Take, for example, your mail carrier. That guy or gal comes to your house everyday, and sometimes you make small talk with them. Theyre important to you, but they are not really that critical to your well-being. Neighbors may move away and other neighbors move in to replace them, but your life is generally not deeply affected. Siblings present more complex problems that shape us as we grow into adults, but we dont generally marry our siblings. Now, 3rd-house relationships can be emotional, and relationships that might normally be expected to be emotional can be 3rd-house relationships. Suppose someone has the Moon in the 3rd house or the Moon in Gemini. Their experience of siblings is likely to be more charged than might be the case if they had Saturn in the 3rd or the Moon in Capricorn. Their siblings, probably female, incline them to relate to others in a more emotional way than might be expected. This could win friends or invite trouble; it all depends on how the Moon is configured with the other planets. A person with Mercury in Gemini in the 7th house will tend to deal with close partners as if they were casual acquaintances. In fact, casual acquaintances might actually interest them as much as their allegedly close partners do. People with this orientation need variety. In one sense, they are seeking to learn about others in a wider context, something that cant be done with only one person. Similar needs are indicated for owners of charts with Gemini on the 7th-house cusp, or Venus in Gemini, who tend to treat intimate relationships very differently than people with, say, the Moon in the 7th house or Venus in Cancer. An example of someone whose chart suggests a Type 3 orientation toward relationships is the late Wilt Chamberlain, the basketball star. Chamberlain took a casual attitude toward relationships; in fact, he claimed to have had sex with thousands of women. One would have to assume that he was not particularly concerned with intimacy or longevity in his relationships, something that is shown in his chart (see below). In Chamberlains chart, Gemini rising sets the tone. This sign is not always looking for depth it is looking for variety. Jupiter in his 7th house shows the extensive opportunities he had to score with women all 20,000 or so of them. Mercury in Virgo, in the same sign as Neptune and Venus, suggests a mental orientation toward others, and its placement in the 5th house suggests a playful attitude toward life. Given his chart, it would have been very difficult for Chamberlain to settle 4

down into one relationship. Even his Venus in Virgo square Jupiter suggests a mental and expansive orientation toward relating to others. Variety is the essence of this chart.

Wilt Chamberlain
Aug 21 1936 Philadelphia 39N57 Aug 22 1936
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that draws attention to an element of ourselves that we consider important or even unique. This is the Aquarian contradiction the need to be an individual yet also to be part of a group. Striking a balance between these extremes is possible if the goals and

boundaries of the groups that one joins are clearly defined and they dont intrude into the rest of ones life. When serious intrusions occur, as they do in the Type 8 orientation, were no longer talking about relationships, we're talking about the creation of a collective mind. The difference between being in a club versus joining a cult is the difference between playing in a band versus being assimilated by the Borg in Star Trek. Those born with Aquarian qualities understand how to be both individualistic and team players in larger social situations. An accented 11th house implies the need for social experiences centered around common interests. Such people learn over time to recognize those specific qualities and interests in others that resonate with similar things in themselves. When these commonalities are identified, a relationship based on both communication and mutual respect becomes possible. In this orientation, we seek to validate ourselves in others and thus create a self-respecting feedback loop. An emotion of belonging can be generated this way, and it serves both to enhance our experience of life and to build self-esteem. It also helps to heal feelings of rejection for those in outsider groups (like astrologers). Healthy Type 11 relationships can generate real power. Theres nothing like a team pulling together to accomplish a specific goal, and pumping up individual self-esteem along the way. People with Aquarius on the 7th-house cusp, Uranus in the 7th, or even Venus or the Moon in Aquarius, tend to seek in their relationships something akin to friendship. These people need to know that whoever they are close to shares with them a common ideal. Such people are not satisfied in relationships that are merely sexually stimulating and financially secure if there are also strong disagreements of a philosophical nature. These people put ideals, which are mental constructs, before emotional considerations. When too much emotion gets involved in Type 11 relationships, trouble can arise. The big problem has to do with leadership. Under most circumstances, someone has to lead, and with this movement of an individual ego to the front, differences become apparent. Power struggles strike terror into people with Type 11 relationship orientations and often serve as a signal to run away. An example of a Type 11 relationship orientation is the chart of anthropologist Margaret Mead. In her chart, both Venus and the Moon are in Aquarius and placed in the 1st house (see chart below). She needed relationship, but she also needed her freedom. Her Sun in Sagittarius, another freedom-loving sign, is conjunct Uranus and in the 11th house itself. Mead was married three times and she considered each marriage a 6

success. All three husbands were anthropologists and she collaborated with each of them, showing the importance of shared ideals in her view of relationships.

Margaret Mead
Dec 16 1901 Philadelphia 39N57 Dec 16 1901
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Type 7 relationships are the ones we most often think about and wish Vertex Equatorial Ascendant 5 6 be 2 3 E 48 0 6 Kto involved in. This is the type of relationship that clients seek or think they need to seek. Its the type of relationship that society expects us to have. Society also makes it difficult for those who dont play along. This is undoubtedly because this type of relationship fosters the reproduction of the species, a major concern in the past but a problem for the future of a planet with six billion people. 7

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In the previous two categories of relationship orientation, constant closeness is generally not an issue. In both of those orientations, people relate to each other mostly by talking or playing, then they go home or do something on their own. These first two types of relationship emphasize breathing room for each individual. Type 7 relationships, symbolized by Libra, the 7th house, and Venus, go a step further. They are about close cooperation with a purpose. In order for these relationships to work, there must be a commitment, which means that you dont go home after you talk and play. Relating is nearly constant in a Type 7 relationship. In our society, marriage and other close partnerships, including those that are business-related, fit this category. With so much closeness and collaboration toward specific goals, Type 7 relationships can become very emotionally charged. At their worst, they can degenerate into open hostilities. Early astrologers knew this and they called the 7th house the house of open enemies. Type 7 relationships can flourish when emotional factors work for both people in the relationship. What can be more satisfying than two partners who move in sync with each other? The best partners on this level are like great dancers. Communication is certainly important, but its not the whole story. What can happen on this level is that two people complement each other in a dynamic fashion involving mind, body, and spirit. For those who have a personal identity built around relating as a way of life, Type 7 relationships are the ultimate experience. People with key planets in Libra or in the 7th house, or those with an emphasized Venus, dont want to be alone. They want to join with others, one at a time, and they will probably form relationships with those who are similarly motivated. Of course, problems could crop up if Venus is not well configured with the other planets. An example would be someone with Venus in the 7th but also in square to Uranus. In this case, the challenge would be to find a partner and build a close relationship, but also to allow that partner (or themselves) to operate independently. Here is a clash between a Type 7 relationship need and a Type 11 need. Now, a person with Venus in Aries or Mars in the 7th house will be drawn to partnering with others who may be self-involved, competitive, and energetic. This might be fine if the person who has such a chart is compatible with that sort of thing, but, in general, these placements suggest some strife in the Type 7 relationship experience. It only makes sense that a partnership between someone who wants to 8

dance with another and someone who is looking out for themselves is a partnership that will be in trouble sooner or later. Its for good reasons that Venus is traditionally said to be in its detriment in Aries; it draws one into relationships with those who are less inclined to compromise. But such a situation can also be read as a manifestation of what is really within the owner of the Aries Venus. What we meet are our own creations. [3] In the old days (which are still with us, to a certain extent), Type 7 relationships were defined by the culture. Men went out in the world and worked; women stayed home and took care of the kids. With all the technological changes of the last hundred years, this kind of arrangement has become unrealistic for many, forcing people to confront the deeper issues raised by Type 7 relationships. While some may talk about declining morality and a falling away from the rules of the Bible, others among us, at least those with some training in anthropology, will see that humans can and will adopt any number of relationship arrangements. An example of a chart with good Type 7 orientation is that of former president Jimmy Carter (see chart below). In his chart, both the Sun and the Ascendant are in Libra, and the ruler of his 7th house, Mars, is opposite Venus. Remember that the ruler of a house, especially an unoccupied house, functions as a link between a planet and a specific house. Carters Venus is also conjunct Neptune, and his Sun is in the 12th house, both indications of a willingness to make the compromises and sacrifices necessary to keep a Type 7 relationship going. Also, his strong natal Saturn adds to the desire for stability in his personal life, which, due to the Libra emphasis, is identified with relationships of a Type 7 orientation. Carter has had a long and apparently excellent relationship with his wife, Rosalynn. Type 8 Relationship Orientation Finally, theres the Type 8 relationship, or more accurately, entanglement. On this level, symbolized by Scorpio, Pluto, and the 8th house, we have relationships that are driven almost entirely by emotional needs. Sexuality is one of the keynotes of Type 8 relationships and sexuality is driven by the need to avoid survive death. Type 8 relationships, when they operate on the sexual level, can be very intense and intimate. We all have Type 8 astrological symbolism in our charts, and all of us have these needs, but those with a heavily accented Pluto, 8th house, or Scorpio placements need more 9

Jimmy Carter
Oct 1 1924 Plains 32N02 Oct 1 1924
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Another manifestation of the Type 8 relationship has to do with shared resources, specifically money. Banking, investing, inheritance, and insurance involve a pooling of resources, a mixing of an individuals money with that of others. The purpose of such a mix is to enhance individual survival in our economic reality. Again, here is a kind of relationship that is based not on mental needs, but purely on emotional needs for power and security, and on the fear of poverty. The chart of actor Jack Nicholson is a good example of someone who favors Type 8 relationships. In his chart (shown below), the planet Pluto is conjunct the Ascendant.

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Jack Nicholson
Apr 22 1937 Neptune 40N13 Apr 22 1937
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Wilt

Chamberlain, Jack is known to have had many girlfriends. But Venus is also square Pluto, giving it the darker and more complex Type 8 qualities. One suspects that Jacks relationships center around sex and power. Being able to make distinctions between the various relationship orientations can be very helpful to clients. Not everyone has a chart cut out for a single, long-term, monogamous relationship. Happiness in life does not necessarily come from having an

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ideal relationship, as portrayed in movies and elsewhere. It comes from knowing ourselves, from understanding our orientations, accepting them, and developing them over time. Some people are better off alone; others are more at home deeply engaged in intimate relationships. Its natural for people to be different, an observation noted by none other than the Hindu saint of the previous century, Ramakrishna. Soul Mates An important consideration in the astrology of relationships has to do with the type of person we attract to ourselves. Clients expect astrologers to describe the person with whom they would be most compatible. If the Ascendant is our identity, then the Descendant (cusp of the 7th house) is the complement, or the other side of our identity. From this view, others are simply a reflection of ourselves, and vice versa. Blaming the other for problems that arise in a relationship is not always fair. Others can often be a vehicle for our own shadowy side, as we can be for others. The old saying goes, It takes two to tango. My point is that the Descendant is a very important zone in the chart for information about the others with whom we feel a need to be joined, but it also says something about us. In general, the sign on the Descendant is descriptive of what we look for in others. Any planets in the sign of the Descendant or conjunct it with an orb of ten degrees, including those below the horizon and technically in the 6th house, will also symbolize the type of person we are drawn toward. Also, any planet in close aspect to the ruler of the Descendant will account for much of what happens in that department of life. Another level of attraction our complement is shown by the Sun and Mars, and by the Moon and Venus. For males, at least those who have a hard time identifying with the Moon and Venus, significant females in their lives will be partly described by these bodies. This includes mothers, sisters, and wives. For females, its the reverse: The Sun and Mars are descriptive, in part, of the males in their lives (fathers, husbands, and sons). As with the Descendant, the planets of the opposite gender are descriptive of what we dont identify with and, therefore, what we need to bring into our lives via another person. Never underestimate the importance of the ruler of the Descendant. Very often, the planet it aspects most closely is an amazingly accurate symbol for partners and relationships in general. Remember, the ruler of the Descendant is merely a connector; it 12

is not the descriptor of relationship. Astrological analysis of long-term or very important relationships often reveals precise connections between the ruler of the Descendant in one chart and a key planet in the other chart, very often the ruler of that persons Ascendant. Other variations are the ruler of ones Ascendant conjunct the others Descendant, or the ruler of ones Descendant conjunct the others Ascendant. These kinds of linkages suggest clearly that one person needs the other persons identity to feel complete. Comparing Charts There are three astrological techniques that are very useful in analyzing relationships. The first technique is called synastry, which literally means the joining of the stars. In this technique, the planetary positions of one chart are compared to those of another chart. For example, person A has the Sun at 10 Aries and person B has Saturn at that degree, or perhaps at 10 Capricorn. These two people will tend to relate to each other with some degree of difficulty because Saturn inhibits the Suns natural exuberance, but whether this is good or not depends on the situation. For a young couple getting married for the first time and embarking on the road of life together, this could spell trouble. But for older people who have seen it all, or for two people involved in a project requiring hard work and patience, it could be fine. This example again highlights what Ive been getting at all along: There are many, many different ways for people to relate to each other. There are a number of books on synastry that will describe in cookbook fashion how each exchange of planetary energy might be experienced. In general, a majority of trines and sextiles makes for less stress, while squares and oppositions symbolize problems. Having the Sun and Moon in compatible signs is a real help. For people who need to live together, a harmonious aspect between their respective Moons is a very good thing. Good links between the two Mercurys are always of value, and not having Mars and Saturn in hard aspect helps even more. The composite chart is calculated by finding the midpoints between two (or more) charts. It surfaced as a technique sometime in the 1920s, perhaps out of Germany, where midpoints and planetary pictures were quickly becoming a means to an astrological end. The methods of the Hamburg School (Uranian Astrology) and Cosmobiology both stress midpoints, and so does the composite chart. 13

Heres how the composite chart works. If one person has the Sun at 10 Aries, and the other persons Sun is at 10 Cancer, then the composite charts Sun position will be 25 Taurus, the midpoint between the two. The rest of the chart is computed this way using each matching planetary pair, i.e., Moon/Moon, Mercury/Mercury, etc. There are two popular ways to establish the framework of the houses. One is to simply continue doing what has already been done with the planets: find the midpoints of each pair of houses. I prefer this method. Another is to find the midpoint of the two Midheavens and then derive the other houses, including the Ascendant, from this composite Midheaven, according to the latitude where the relationship is taking place. This is the method outlined in Rob Hands book, Planets in Composite: Analyzing Human Relationships (Para Research, 1975). Experience has indicated that, while both methods work, the latter is particularly useful when a relationship takes form at a location far from the birthplaces of the people involved. The Davison Relationship chart is calculated by finding the midpoint in time and space between two births. For example, a person is born on June 1, 1950, and another on June 1, 1960. Their Davison Relationship chart would be cast for June 1, 1955, the midpoint in time (with further fine-tuning based on the two birth times). The midpoint in space would also have to be considered. This method of analyzing relationships was first proposed by Ronald Davison in his book, Synastry: Understanding Human Relations through Astrology (ASI Publishers, 1977). The three comparison techniques outlined above are useful astrological tools for exploring the dynamics of the relationship process of people interacting with each other. Whats more important, I think, are the individual charts themselves and what they say about relationship needs. In this day and age, a time of unraveling social conventions, we need to face the fact that, for many people, the traditional models of relationship simply dont work. Marriage, as we have known it, is not for everyone. My astrological model of relationship orientation types, while not perfect, offers a way of looking at each individual chart as it is, apart from societys expectations of relating. This is the last installment of a four-part series of articles on chart interpretation. I hope that readers, whether or not they agree with my general ideas, will have found some of my methods useful to their understanding of astrology. Thanks for reading!

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Chart Data and Sources Wilt Chamberlain, August 21, 1936; 11:27 p.m. EST (according to Rodden and ACS; some atlases give EDT); Philadelphia, PA, USA (75W10', 39N57'); B: R. H. Oliver quotes biography, Wilt. Margaret Mead, December 16, 1901; 9:00 a.m. EST; Philadelphia, PA, USA (75W10', 39N57'); A: Helen Weaver quotes her by letter. Richard Idemon quotes a colleague for the same data from her. Jimmy Carter, October 1, 1924; 7:00 a.m. CST; Plains, GA, USA (32N02', 84W24'); AA: Marion March quotes birth certificate. Jack Nicholson, April 22, 1937; 11:00 a.m. EST; Neptune, NJ, USA (40N13', 74W02'); A: Mark Johnson quotes him. References and Notes 1. Ive labeled these relationship types using astrological number symbolism rather than 1, 2, 3 or A, B, C because I believe its easier for someone familiar with astrology to think this way. Other types of relationships, ones that correspond with the other signs/houses in the system, are possible, though they are more specific and dont meet the deeper social needs that humans have. 2. Some readers may wonder why I have omitted Type 5, or 5th-house, relationships from my scheme. In my view, the 5th house is about self-esteem and self-worth and not about the relating process itself. The beginnings of love relationships may be traced to the 5th house, but this is more symbolic of the need for a validation of self-worth. 3. This reminds me of the lyrics to the hook of a rock tune I wrote and performed in clubs many years ago: Then she looked in my direction, and she covered me with signs. She said, what you see is your creation. Do you mind it? 1999, 2010 Bruce Scofield all rights reserved Bruce Scofield has maintained a private practice as an astrological consultant, writer, and conference speaker for more than 40 years. He is the author of seven books and hundreds of articles on astrology. He has been active in the National Council for Geocosmic Research since 1979 and was Education Director between 1998 and 2003. He holds an M.A. in History and a 15

Ph.D. in Geosciences and currently teaches at Kepler College and the University of Massachusetts. Bruce Scofield and Barry Orr maintain a Web site (www.onereed.com) containing a variety of astrology articles and a calculation program on Mesoamerican (Maya and Aztec) astrology.

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