What is Labour Law?

Wikipedia, the internet encyclopedia defines labour law as Labour Law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the relationship between and among employers, employees, and labor organizations, often dealing with issues of public law. The terms Labour Laws and mployment Laws, are often interchanged in the usage. This has led to a big confusion as to their meanings. Labour Laws are different from employment laws which deal only with employment contracts and issues regarding employment and workplace discrimination and other private law issues. mployment Laws cover broader area than labour laws in the sense that employment laws cover all the areas of employer!employee relationship e"cept the negotiation process covered by labour law and collective bargaining. 1.2 Classification of Various Labour Laws There are over #$ legislations on labour from the %entral &overnment and the number of legislations enacted by the 'tate &overnments is close to four times that of the %entral (cts. Labour Laws can be classified into the following eight categories) *i+ *ii+ *iii+ *iv+ *v+ *vi+ *vii+ *viii+ 2 5 7 2 5 7 Laws related to ,ndustrial -elations Laws related to Wages Laws related to 'pecific ,ndustries Laws related to .uality and mpowerment of Women Laws related to /eprived and /isadvantaged 'ections of the 'ociety Laws related to 'ocial 'ecurity Laws related to mployment 0 Training 1thers The Trade 3nions (ct, 2456 The ,ndustrial mployment *'tanding 1rders+ (ct, 24#6 The ,ndustrial mployment *'tanding 1rders+ -ules, 24#6 The ,ndustrial /isputes (ct, 24#8 The 9ayment of Wages (ct, 2476 The 9ayment of Wages -ules, 2478 The :inimum Wages (ct, 24#; The :inimum Wages *%entral+ -ules, 24$< The Working =ournalist *>i"ation of -ates of Wages+ (ct, 24$; Working =ournalist *%onditions of service+ and :iscellaneous 9rovisions -ules, 24$8 Laws related to Wages

Laws related to Industrial Relations

The 9ayment of ?onus (ct, 246$ The 9ayment of ?onus -ules, 248$

Laws related to Specific Industries 2 5 7 # $ 24$$ The Working =ournalists and other @ewspaper mployeesA *%onditions of 'ervice and :isc. 9rovisions+ -ules, 24$8 6 8 ; 4 2< 22 25 27 The :erchant 'hipping (ct, 24$; The :otor Transport Workers (ct, 2462 The ?eedi 0 %igar Workers *%onditions of mployment+ (ct, 2466 The %ontract Labour *-egulation 0 (bolition+ (ct, 248< The 'ales 9romotion mployees *%onditions of 'ervice+ (ct, 2486 The 'ales 9romotion mployees *%onditions of 'ervice+ -ules, 2486 The ,nterB'tate :igrant Workmen *-egulation of mployment and %onditions of 'ervice+ (ct, 2484 The 'hops and stablishments (ct The %inema Workers and %inema Theatre Workers *-egulation of mployment+ (ct, The %inema Workers and %inema Theatre Workers *-egulation of mployment+ -ules, The %ine WorkersA Welfare >und (ct, 24;2. 2# 2$ 26 28 2; 24 5< 52 55 57 5# 5$ 56 2 The /ock Workers *'afety, Cealth 0 Welfare+ (ct, 24;6 The ?uilding 0 1ther %onstruction Workers *-egulation of mployment 0 %onditions of 'ervice+ (ct, 2446 The /ock Workers *-egulation of mployment+ *inapplicability to :aDor 9orts+ (ct, 2448 The :ica :ines Labour Welfare >und (ct, 24#6 The Limestone 0 /olomite :ines Labour Welfare >und (ct, 2485 The ?eedi Workers Welfare >und (ct, 2486 The ?eedi Workers Welfare %ess (ct, 2486 The ,ron 1re :ines, :anganese 1re :ines 0 %hrome 1re :ines Labour Welfare >und (ct, 2486 The ,ron 1re :ines, :anganese 1re :ines 0 %hrome 1re :ines Labour Welfare %ess (ct, 2486 The %ine Workers Welfare >und (ct, 24;2 The %ine Workers Welfare %ess (ct, 24;2 The mployment of :anual 'cavengers and %onstruction of /ry latrines 9rohibition (ct, 2447 The %oal :ines *%onservation and /evelopment+ (ct, 248# The :aternity ?enefit (ct, 2462 24;2 24;# The >actories (ct, 24#; The /ock Workers *-egulation of mployment+ (ct, 24#; The 9lantation Labour (ct, 24$2 The :ines (ct, 24$5 The Working =ournalists and other @ewspaper mployeesA *%onditions of 'ervice and :isc. 9rovisions+ (ct,

Laws related to E ualit! and E"power"ent of Wo"en

5 2 5 2 5 7 # 2 5 'thers

The .ual -emuneration (ct, 2486 The ?onded Labour 'ystem *(bolition+ (ct, 2486 The %hild Labour *9rohibition 0 -egulation+ (ct, 24;6 The WorkmenAs %ompensation (ct, 2457 The mployeesA 'tate ,nsurance (ct, 24#; The mployeesA 9rovident >und 0 :iscellaneous 9rovisions (ct, 24$5 The 9ayment of &ratuity (ct, 2485 The mployment "changes *%ompulsory @otification of Eacancies+ (ct, 24$4 The mployment "changes *%ompulsory @otification of Eacancies+ -ules, 24$4 The (pprentices (ct, 2462

Laws related to #epri$ed and #isad$antaged Sections of the Societ!

Laws related to Social Securit!

Laws related to E"plo!"ent % &raining

2 The >atal (ccidents (ct, 2;$$ 5 The War ,nDuries 1rdinance (ct, 24#7 7 The Weekly Coliday (ct, 24#5 # The @ational and >estival Colidays (ct $ The War ,nDuries *%ompensation ,nsurance+ (ct, 24#7 6 The 9ersonal ,nDuries * mergency+ 9rovisions (ct, 2465 8 The 9ersonal ,nDuries *%ompensation ,nsurance+ (ct, 2467 ; The Labour Laws * "emption from >urnishing -eturns and :aintaining -egister by %ertain stablishments+ (ct, 24;; 4 The 9ublic Liability ,nsurance (ct, 2442

The Factories Act, 1948

'b(ecti$es 2. To ensure ade.uate safety measures and to promote the health and welfare of the workers employed in factories. 5. To prevent haphazard growth of factories through the provisions related to the approval of plans before the creation of a factory. Sche"e of the )ct 2. The (ct consists of 25< 'ections and 7 'chedules. 5. 'chedule 2 contains list of industries involving hazardous processes 7. 'chedule 5 is about permissible level of certain chemical substances in work environment. #. 'chedule 7 consists of list of notifiable diseases.

Apprentices Act, 1961

The main purpose of the (ct is to provide practical training to technically .ualified persons in various trades. The obDective is promotion of new skilled manpower. The scheme is also e"tended to engineers and diploma holders. The (ct applies to areas and industries as notified by %entral government. F'ection 2*#+G.

Sche"e of the )ct

There are 7; 'ections in total and 2 'chedule. This 'chedule is about modifications in the WorkmenAs

%ompensation (ct, 2457 w.r.t its application to apprentices under the (pprentices (ct, 2462.

E"plo!ees *ro$ident +und and ,iscellaneous *ro$isions )ct- 1./2

Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972

&ratuity is a lump sum payment to employee when he retires or leaves service. ,t is basically a retirement benefit to an employee so that he can live life comfortably after retirement. Cowever, under &ratuity (ct, gratuity is payable even to an employee who resigns after completing at least $ years of service. )C& *R'VI#ES +'R ,I0I,1, 2R)&1I&3 '0L3 H The &ratuity (ct provides only for minimum gratuity payable. ,f employee has right to receive higher gratuity under a contract or under an award, the employee is entitled to get higher gratuity. F'ection #*$+G. )"ount of gratuit! pa!able B &ratuity is payable I 2$ days wages for every year of completed service. ,n the last year of service, if the employee has completed more than 6 months, it will be treated as full year for purpose of gratuity. B B ,n case of seasonal establishment, gratuity is payable I 8 days wages for each season. F'ection #*5+G.

Payment of Bonus Act, 1965

The term bonus has not been defined in the 9ayment of ?onus (ct, 246$. WebsterAs ,nternational /ictionary, defines bonus as something given in addition to what is ordinarily received by or strictly due to the recipient. The 1"ford %oncise /ictionary defines it as something to the good into the bargain *and as an e"ample+ gratuity to workmen beyond their wages.