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Presentation By Dr.

Muhammad Salim Site Incharge Underground Coal Gasification, Project Thar

UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION PROJECT THAR 1. The project is based on an insitu technique to recover the fuel or feedstock value of coal, that is not economically available through conventional technologies. 2. Lignite is a low rank coal and most suited to UCG technique. 3. UCG promises lower capital/operating costs and also has other advantages such as no human labour underground.

4. We in Pakistan are blessed with this resource in Thar Coal Field located in the eastern part of Tharparkar Desert, Sindh. 5. Reasonably assured reserves of 175 billion tons of Lignite Coal are available at Thar alone. 6. Coal reserves are known for the last twenty years but unexploited, these lie 120 to 180 meters below the surface.

7. Now the energy security scenario in the country has aroused interest in the utilization of this big coal reserve. 8. How significant this fossil fuel is, can be adjudged from the share of coal in the production of electricity in the world.

No Source 1 Coal Based 2 Oil Based 3 Gas Based No 1 2 3 No 1 2 3

Total Power Generation of World


% 41.61 5.63 20.87 No 4 5 6

Source Nuclear Hydro Power Others Source Hydro Power Nuclear Others Source Hydro Power Nuclear

% 13.75 15.57 2.25 % 22.8 2.9 7.9 % 32.54 2.23

Total Generation capacity of India


Source Coal Based Gas Based Oil Based Source Coal Based Gas Based Oil Based % 54.6 13.0 0.9 % 2.27 4.50 58.37 No 4 5 6 No 4 5

Total Generation capacity of Pakistan

Comparison of Investment & Cost


Item Construction Investment Gas cost Surface gasification 45006000 Rs. / m3 5.08.0 Rs. / m3 Underground coal gasification 15002000 Rs. / m3 2.03.5 Rs. / m3

Cost of Electricity

Air, Oxygen & Steam

Product Gases ( CO, CO2, H2, CH4, N2 , Steam & Tar

Temperature 200-550oC Drying & Pyrolysis Zone

Temperature 550-900oC Reduction Zone

Temperature more than 900oC Oxidation Zone

Coal

CH4 + H2O CO + CO2 H2 + C Hydrocarbons

+ H2 O

CO + H2 2CO CO2 + H2 CH4

C C

+ O2 +1/2 O2

CO2 CO CO2 CO2 + CO + H2O

CO2 + C CO + H2O CO + 2H2

CO +1/2O2 Coal + O2

Schematic of the processes involved in UCG

COMPOSITION OF LIGNITE COAL BLOCK-V


Total Moisture (A R) Immane Water Ash Content (A R) Volatile matter Fixed Carbon (AR) Total Sulphur Heating Value 39.27% 11.09% 10.97% 47.64% 30.14% 0.72% 4937 BTU/Nm

EXPECTED SYNGAS COMPOSITION

Syngas H2 O2 N2 By Air 16 0.2 58 % By 60% 30 0.0 30 Oxygen

CH4 3.5 4

CO 5 15

CO2 17.5 21

HV 945Kcal/Nm 1710Kcal/Nm

Generation of 100 M Watts through underground coal gasification


Total project cost Total funds received Funds allocated in PSDP 2011 2012 US $ = 115.6 million ( Rs. 9883.6 million) US $ = 9.10million ( Rs. 789.0 million) US $ = 12.51 million ( Rs. 1095.0 million)

First release of fund & commencement of the project = 28 April, 2010

Project Milestone
b. Main Machinery ( All purchases under Sindh PPRA rules )
S. No. Description Date Status

Air compressor ( process) Air compressor ( Process) placed to the second lowest for Hitachi Compressor after negotiation at the lowest cost. Expected date of delivery -- Third Week of April 2011.. Air compressor (Startup)

15 8 2010 Expected delivery (15 1 2011) 18 2 2010 (Expected date of Delivery Third Week of April 2011..)

Not delivered

These machines have been delayed by the supplier. Now the expected date of delivery is Feb. 2012.

3.

15 12 - 2010 Expected delivery (15 4 2011 )

These machines were delayed by the manufacturers due to modifications necessitated by the hot weather at Thar. They have been delivered in August.

Project Milestone
a. CIVIL WORK S. No. 1 Description Date Status Acquired about 27 acres

Land Acquisition

2 7 - 2010

Residential Colony

90 % complete 17 7 - 2010 ( 39,312 sq. ft )

Technical Plant, workshop, stores, laboratory, compressor station, power station, control room and admin block.

1 11 - 2010

60 % complete ( 27,756 sq. ft. )

Civil Works done for surface piping Brick Masonry = 6800 cft Lean Concrete 1:4:8 = 1020 cft Concrete 1:2:4 = 512 cft Steel fixing = 1 Ton Material used for Civil Works Bricks = 90,000 no. Cement = 700 bags Sand = 5000 cft Crush = 2000 cft Steel = 01 Ton

Others works Installation of High Pressure compressor Installation of 2 Nos. fuel Tanks 19000 liter capacity each. Installation of Cooling Towers. Installation of 100 KVA Generator at residential colony.

Installation R. O. Plant for residential colony. Installation of Saline water tube well. Installation of Pumping wells.

SITE

April, 2010

Drilling Rigs in Operation

Drilling and Casing of Gas Wells

Welding of Surface Piping

Surface piping installation

Surface Piping

Surface Piping for Gasifier

Well Head Assembly

Well Head Assembly

Diesel Generators

High Pressure Compressors

COLONY

June, 2010

COLONY

June, 2010

COLONY

April, 2011

COLONY

April, 2011

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