Automatic Watering Systems

Politecnico di Torino
Laurea Magistrale in Ingegneria Elettronica

Codesign Methods and Tools
Automatic Watering System
Group 1:
Busignani Fabio 197!
Gianoglio E"anuele #$$$9$
%nno %ccade"ico #$1!&#$1'
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Actors
Name Documentation
Actor - User (ser is an adult person )ho uses the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste".
Actor - Technician Man Technician Man is a person )ho has technical s/ills 0or )hat concern the
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste".
,he&1e is able to repair the s-ste" substituting the sensors
Actor - Soil ,oil is the terrain )here the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "anages +atering Pu"p to
dri2e the )atering pu"p. The s-ste" "easures the hu"idit- and decides i0 acti2ate the
)atering or not.
Actor - Air %ir is the en2iron"ent around the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste". The s-ste" "easures the
te"perature o0 the air in order to decide i0 acti2ate the )atering or not.
Actor - Watering Pump
Automatic Watering Project
%uto"atic +atering Pro3ect consist in an %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" that is con0igurable b- the (ser through an LC4 displaa-. The
s-ste" dri2e the )atering pu"p through a rela- that is acti2e onl- )hen the (ser decide to start )atering or )hen the ti"e reach the
hour set b- the (ser in the auto"atic "ode.
The s-ste" start )atering a0ter ha2e 2eri0ied that the "oisture percentage in the soil is not too high.
The s-ste" "oreo2er control the air te"perature and pro2ides all the data to the (ser through the LC4 displa-.
(ser can interact )ith the s-ste" through a 5e-Pad )ith '6' /e- "atri6.
Technician Man can act on the system to repair it and connect it.
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Use Case - Turn ON System
(ser shi0t the s)itch in 78 position to turn on the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste".
Turn ON System
The (ser acti2ate the s-ste" b- s)itching on the po)er suppl- s)itch.
"ain9: initiali;es the peripherals and the LC4 sho)s the Principal Men<.
The pro3ect is co"pletel- lin/ed through the 2arious "en< displa-ed b- the LC4.
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Use Case - Turn OFF System
(ser shi0t s)itch in 7FF position to turn o00 the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste".
Turn OFF System
(ser turn o00 the s-ste" b- s)itching o00 the po)er suppl-.
Use Case - Configure System
(ser= 0ollo)ing the instruction on LC4*'>#$ and through press9,+i: 0unction =)here ,+i is one o0 a"ong the 1? buttons o0 the
5e-Pad 90ro" $ to 9= 0ro" % to 4= @ and A:= is able to use and con0igure the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste".
It is possible to:
B start )atering "anuall-
B stop )atering "anuall-
B enter in a "enu )here it is possible to:
@ set ti"e
@ turn on&o00 the auto"atic )atering
@ set ti"e and duration o0 the )atering
@ set hu"idit- and te"perature thresholds
B read the current 2alues o0 soil hu"idit- and air te"perature

In all o0 the cases (ser can return to the pre2ious "enu b- pressing A.
Use Case - Principal men
The LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the 0ollo)ing "enu on ' lines:
,tart +atering
,top +atering
%uto". s-s. "en<
1u"&Te"p
(ser press9,+i: ,+i on 5e-Pad to acti2ate the relati2e 0unctionalit-= in particular:
,+iC1$ 9%: calls use case ,tart )ateringD
,+iC11 9B: calls use case ,top )ateringD
,+iC1# 9C: calls use case %uto"atic s-ste" "enuD
,+iC1! 94: calls use case ,ho) hu"idit- and te"peratureD

(ser press9,+i: ,+i C 1E 9A: to return bac/ in the pre2ious "en<.

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Principal enu
This is the 0irst "enu that appears at the (ser on LC4 displa-. The (ser can decide ho) to na2igate it b- pressing one a"ong %=B=C
or 4 on the /e-pad.
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Use Case - Stop !atering
(ser orders the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" to turn o00 the +atering Pu"p )ithout an- 2eri0ication on the current 2alues o0
te"perature and hu"idit-.
Stop !atering
(ser has pressed button B 9/e-C11: in the Principal Men<= this "eans that the s-ste" is deacti2ated "anuall- and so the s) control i0
the rela- status is on and i0 this is the case= turn o00 it and stop to dri2e the )atering pu"p.
%t the end o0 the operation the s-ste" returns in status $ 9principal "en< )aiting 0or a ne) press on /e-pad:
Use Case - Start !atering
(ser orders the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" to turn on the +atering Pu"p )ithout an- 2eri0ication on the current 2alues o0
te"perature and hu"idit-.
Start !atering
(ser has pressed button % 9/e-C1$: in the Principal Men<= this "eans that the s-ste" is acti2ated "anuall- and so the s) control i0
the rela- status is o00 and i0 this is the case= turn on it and dri2e the )atering pu"p.
%t the end o0 the operation the s-ste" returns in status $ 9principal "en< )aiting 0or a ne) press on /e-pad:
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Use Case - S"o! "umi#ity an# temperature
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: to (ser t)o lines.
In the 0irst line is sho)n the %ir te"perature "easured b- 9"odel ele"ent not 0ound: in the 0or"at F66 GCFD
In the second line is sho)n the ,oil hu"idit- "easured b- Moisture,ensor in the 0or"at F66 HFD
S"o! "umi#ity an# temperature
(ser has pressed button 4 9/e-C1!: in the Principal Men<= this "eans that the s-ste" sho) on LC4 the current hu"idit- and
te"perature.
(ser can press A to return in the Principle "en<
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Use Case - Automatic system menu
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: to (ser a ne) "en< )here it is possible to set the 0unctionalities o0 the auto"atic )atering li/e set ti"e=
turn on and o00 the auto"atic )atering "ode= set ti"e and duration o0 the )atering and set hu"idit- thresholds abo2e that the s-ste"
starts )atering b- acti2ating +atering Pu"p.
Use Case - Settings men
,et ti"e
%uto". s-s. 78&7FF
+atering settings
,et 1u" thresh.
,+iC1$ 9%: calls use case ,et ti"eD
,+iC11 9B: calls use case %uto"atic s-ste" 78&7FFD
,+iC1# 9C: calls use case +atering settingsD
,+iC1! 94: calls use case ,et hu"idit- thresholdsD


Settings men
(ser has pressed button C 9/e-C1#: in the Principal Men<= this "eans that the LC4 changes the displa-ed option and o00er a ne) list
o0 possible action.
(ser can na2igate it b- pressing %=B=C=4 or can return to the principle "en< b- pressing A
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Use Case - Set time
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the ti"e in 0or"at hh:""
(ser can set the current ti"e b- press9,+i: ,+i on 5e-Pad )ith ,+i 0ro" $ to 9 9nu"bers 0ro" $ to 9:.
%t the 0irst press the user sets the "ost signi0icant digit o0 the hour= at the second press sets the last signi0icant digit o0 the hour. %t the
third press the user sets the "ost signi0icant digit o0 the "inutes and at the 0ourth press sets the last signi0icant digit o0 the "inutes.
Set time
(ser has pressed %9/e-C1$: in the ,ettings "en<.
(ser can set the ti"e b- pressing the digits on the /e-pad.
,+ trans0er the set ti"e to the ITCC that gi2e the ti"e re0erence to the s-ste".
In an- "o"ent user can press A to return to the ,ettings "en<.
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Use Case - Set "umi#ity t"res"ol#s
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the hu"idit- in 0or"at 11 H
(ser can set the )atering duration b- press9,+i: ,+i on 5e-Pad )ith ,+i 0ro" $ to 9 9nu"bers 0ro" $ to 9:.
%t the 0irst press the user sets the "ost signi0icant digit o0 the hu"idit-= at the second press sets the last signi0icant digit o0 the
hu"idit-.
%0ter that 1u"idit-T1: unsigned char is set= LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the 0ollo)ing string:
F,etJ 11HF= in )hich 11 is substituted b- 1u"idit-T1: unsigned char current 2alue.
Set "umi#ity t"res"ol#s
(ser has pressed 4 9/e- C 1!: in the ,ettings "en<.
(ser can set the hu"idit- threshold b- pressing the digits on the /e-pad.
(ser can press A to return to the ,ettings "enu
.
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Use Case - Automatic system ON$OFF
(ser can decide i0 the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" is able to turn on auto"aticall- the +atering Pu"p at the preBset hour b-
chec/ing the te"perature and the hu"idit- or i0 the auto"atic s-ste" is turned 7FF.
Use Case - Automatic system ON$OFF men
%uto". s-s. 78
%uto". s-s. 7FF
%ctual ,tatus
,+iC1$ 9%: calls use case %uto"atic s-ste" 78D
,+iC11 9B: calls use case %uto"atic s-ste" 7FFD


Automatic System ON$OFF men
(ser has pressed B 9/e- C 11: in the ,ettings "en<.
LC4 sho)s a ne) "en< )ere user can decide i0 press % or B to set the auto"atic s-ste" on or o00.
(ser can press A to return to the ,ettings "en<.
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Use Case - Automatic system OFF
The %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" is 7FF and isnKt able to control auto"aticall- +atering Pu"p.
The )atering can be started onl- "anuall- )ith ,tart )atering.
The LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the 0ollo)ing string:
F,tatus 7FFF
Automatic system OFF
(ser has pressed B 9/e- C 11: in the %uto"atic ,-ste" 78&7FF "en<.
In this )a- the auto"atic s-ste" is acti2ated b- put %uto,tatusC$. This is a global 2ariable that is used b- the interrupt subroutine
that control the auto"atic )atering.
%t the end o0 the operation the s-ste" return in the pre2ious "en<.
Use Case - Automatic system ON
The %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" is 78 and is able to control +atering Pu"p.
The LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the 0ollo)ing string:
F,tatus 78F
Automatic system ON
(ser has pressed % 9/e- C 1$: in the %uto"atic ,-ste" 78&7FF "en<.
In this )a- the auto"atic s-ste" is acti2ated b- put %uto,tatusC1. This is a global 2ariable that is used b- the interrupt subroutine
that control the auto"atic )atering.
%t the end o0 the operation the s-ste" return in the pre2ious "en<.
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Use Case - Watering settings
(ser can decide the hour at )hich the auto"atic s-ste" start )atering during the da- 9i0 there are properl- hu"idit- and te"perature
conditions:= and the duration o0 the )atering.
Use Case - Automatic system settings men
+atering ti"e
+atering duration
,+iC1$ 9%: calls use case ,et )atering ti"eD
,+iC11 9B: calls use case ,et )atering durationD


Automatic system settings men
(ser has pressed C 9/e- C 1#: in the ,ettings "en<.
LC4 sho)s a ne) "en< )ere user can decide i0 press % or B to set the )atering start ti"e and stop ti"e.
(ser can press A to return to the ,ettings "en<.
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Use Case - Set watering duration
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the s)itchBo00 ti"e in 0or"at hh:"". (ser can set the )atering duration b- press9,+i: ,+i on 5e-Pad
)ith ,+i 0ro" $ to 9 9nu"bers 0ro" $ to 9:.
Set !atering #uration
(ser has pressed B9/e- C 11: in the %uto"atic s-ste" settings "en<.
(ser can set the stop )atering ti"e b- pressing the digits on the /e-pad. This hour is sent to the ITCC that create an interrupt )hen
that hour is reached.
(ser can press A to return to the %uto"atic s-ste" settings "en<.
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Use Case - Set !atering time
LC4*'>#$ sho)9string: the ti"e in 0or"at hh:""
(ser can set the )atering ti"e b- press9,+i: ,+i on 5e-Pad )ith ,+i 0ro" $ to 9 9nu"bers 0ro" $ to 9:.
Set !atering time
(ser has pressed % 9/e- C 1$: in the %uto"atic s-ste" settings "en<.
(ser can set the start )atering ti"e b- pressing the digits on the /e-pad. This hour is sent to the ITCC that create an interrupt )hen
that hour is reached.
(ser can press A to return to the %uto"atic s-ste" settings "en<.
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Use Case - Sensor su%stitution
Technician Man substitutes the bro/en sensor.
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Automatic Watering Project
Class - oistureSensor&Ca%le
It is a shielded cable co"posed b- ! )ires.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://vegetronix.com/Products/VG-WRE-SH3/
Tagge# (alues
manufactorer
Value Vegetronix
Name
Value VG-WRE-SH3
Cost
Value 1.99 $/m
Num%er of con#uctors
Value 3
S"iel#e#
Value Yes
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a) Operating *oltage
Value 300V
Operations
Signature: connect()
This operation is e6ecuted b- Technician Man to connect ! pins )ith others three pins.
Class - Po!er&Supply
Po)er*,uppl- pro2ides the po)er that our s-ste"s needs.
%t this class t)o attribute are associated:
G84
LCC
Attri%utes
Signature Documentation
-GND It is the electrical re0erence to $L.
-VCC It is the electrical 2alue o0 2oltage suppl- and itKs eMual to EL.
Class - Po!erOnCircuit
Po)er7nCircuit is the part o0 circuit )hich interrupts the current co"ing 0ro" Po)er*,uppl-.
+hen (ser )ants to turn on the s-ste"s uses the ,)itch= to shortCircuit9:. 7r= )hen (ser )ants to turn o00 the s-ste"s uses the
,)itch= to openCircuit9:.

The sche"atic 2ie) o0 this Po)er7nCircuit is the 0ollo)ing:
Attri%utes
-SW2 : Switch
Class - DS+,-./
It is a digital sensor )ith co""unicates )ith "icrocontroller= or an a general CP(= using 1+ire protocol.

The I&7 digital port o0 this co"ponent 94$9:: "ust to be connected )ith a pullup resistor= as sho)n in 0igure:
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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.newark.com/maxim-integrated-products/ds18b20/thermometer-prog-
12bit-3to92/dp/96K8885?ost=ds18b20&rpsku=DS18B20
URL http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/46379.pdf
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value MAXM NTEGRATED PRODUCTS
Ne!ar0 Part No1
Value 96K8885
anufacturer Part No
Value DS18B20+
2C Output Type
Value Digital
No1 of Pins
Value 3
Pac0aging
Value TO - 92
'esolution 3-its4
Value 12 bit
Sensing Accuracy 'ange
Value 0.5C
Sensing Temperature a)
Value 125C
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Sensing Temperature in
Value -55C
Supply Current
Value 1mA
Supply (oltage a)
Value 5.5V
Supply (oltage in
Value 3V
Cost
Value 6.46$
Operations
Signature: VDD()
It is an electrical pin that has to be connected to L44
Signature: GND()
It is an electrical pin that has to be connected )ith G84
Signature: D0()
It is the digital pin that reali;e the I&7 serial port o0 4,1B#$.
Signature: ShowTemperature_DS18B20()
This operation allo)s the (ser to see the current 2alue o0 te"perature in the LC4*'>#$#.
The algorith" that i"ple"ents this 0unction is sho)n belo):
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Code Body:
if(!ResetPulse_OW()) //controlla la presenza del sensore, eseguendo anche un reset sulla linea
{
/*****************************
Accesso al DS18B20
******************************/
OW_write_byte(SKP_ROM_DS18B20); //salta la ricezione del ROM CODE, in
quanto presente un solo sensore sul bus
OW_write_byte(CONVERT_T_DS18B20); //invia la richiesta di
conversione, il cui risultato posto in memoria del sensore
delay_ms(750); //attesa conversione
OW_reset_pulse(); //controllo presenza +
reset sulla linea
OW_write_byte(SKP_ROM_DS18B20); //salta ricezione ROM CODE
OW_write_byte(READ_COMMAND_DS18B20); //invio richiesta di lettura, il sensore
trasmette tutto il contenuto della sua memoria a partire da banco 0 fino a banco 9
/*****************************
Acquisizione temperatura
******************************/
LSB=OW_read_byte(); //byte meno significativo temperatura
(banco 0)
MSB=OW_read_byte(); //byte pi significativo temperatura
(banco 1)

if(MSB & 0x08) //controllo il bit di segno
(1=temp negativa)
{
LSB = ~LSB; //complemento a 1 LSB
MSB = ~MSB; //complemento a 1
MSB
if(LSB == 0xFF) //verifico quando necessario
sommare 1 all'MSB
{ //altrimenti
sommo 1 aolo al byte meno significativo
MSB = MSB +1;
LSB = ~LSB;
}else{
LSB = LSB +1;
}
WriteStringLCD("Temp. -");
}else{
WriteStringLCD("Temp. +");
}
NTbin=(LSB>>4)|(MSB<<4)&0X3f; //contiene la sola parte intera senza segno 0 0
2^(5) 2^(4) 2^(3) 2^(2) 2^(1) 2^(0)
DECbin=LSB<<4; //contiene la sola parte
decimale 2^(-1) 2^(-2) 2^(-3) 2^(-4) 0 0 0 0
if(NTbin>100) //nel nostro caso con un and a
0x3f non si verifica tale condizione
{ //in quanto al
max si pu arrivare a un numero intero = 63
NTbin/100;
}
/**************************
Temperatura parte intera
***************************/
unita=NTbin%10; // esempio con 32C restituisce
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2
decine=NTbin/10; // 32/10 = 3
/*****************************
Teperatura parte decimale
*****************************/
dec=0;
if (DECbin & 0x80) //si preleva da DECbin il solo valore 2^(-1), il quale se
vale 1 si incrementa
{ //la variabile dec di 0.5 gradi
dec=dec+5000;
}
dec=dec+2500;
}
dec=dec+1250;
}
dec=dec+625;
}
decimi=dec/1000; //esempio con dec = 4375 restituisce 4
centesimi=(dec%1000)/100; //4375 % 1000 = 375; 375/100 = 3
millesimi=(dec%100)/10; //4375 % 100 = 75; 75/10 = 7
decimill=dec%10; //4375 % 10 = 5
/*******************************
Scrittura su display LCD
********************************/
WriteCharLCD(decine+0x30); //si somma 0x30 = 48 perch i caratteri
WriteCharLCD(unita+0x30); //numerici iniziano da tale posizione (vedi
Tabella Ascii)
WriteStringLCD(".");
WriteCharLCD(decimi+0x30);
WriteCharLCD(centesimi+0x30);
WriteCharLCD(millesimi+0x30);
WriteCharLCD(decimill+0x30);
}else{
WriteStringLCD ("18B20 assente ");
GotoLineLCD(1);
}
GotoLineLCD(1);
Signature: fixing()
The 4,1B#$ is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):
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Signature: connection()
Class - 'TCC
This co"ponent reali;es a Ieal Ti"e Cloc/ Calendar. ,o= using the I#C protocol to co""unicate )ith it= a "icrocontroller can /no)s
e2er- in0or"ation about the cloc/ and the calendar.
Microcontroller can also set this attribute and the alar".

'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/nxp/pcf8563t-f4-112/ic-rtc-calendario-smd-8563-
soic8/dp/8906130
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value NXP
Cost
Value 1.36C
Farnell Co#e
Value 8906130
anufactorer Co#e
Value PCF8563T/F4,112
Supply (oltage in
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Value 1V
Supply (oltage a)
Value 5.5V
Digital 2C Case Style
Value SOC
N1 of Pins
Value 8
2C 2nterface Type
Value 2C
Operating Temperature in
Value -40C
Operating Temperature a)
Value 85C
Attri%utes
-BypassCapacitor_RTCC :
SMD_Capacitor_0402
Operations
Signature: OSC()
It is an electrical pin associated )ith oscillator input.
Signature: OSCO()
It is an electrical pin associated )ith oscillator output.
Signature: NT()
It is a digital output )hich is nor"all- set at 2alue 1. +hen an alar" is generated inside the ITCC= this output port changes its 2alue.
Signature: VSS()
This electrical pin "ust to be connected )ith the ground re0erence o0 the circuit.
Signature: VDD()
This electrical pin has to be connected to L44 o0 the circuit.
Signature: CLKOUT()
This is an electrical output pin= in )hich cloc/ output is a2ailable.
Signature: SCL()
This is a digital pin )hich represents the serial cloc/ input o0 I#C co""unication.
Signature: SDA()
This is a digital pin )hich represents the serial data input and output o0 I#C co""unication.
Signature: setMinutes_RTCC(minutes : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to set "inutes o0 the ITCC. "inutes ha2e to be e6pressed as t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x03,minutes);
Signature: setHours_RTCC(hours : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to set hours o0 the ITCC. hours ha2e to be e6pressed as t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
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EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x04,hours);
Signature: setDays_RTCC(days : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to set the da-s in ITCC.
The da-s that has to be )ritten is e6press as t)o digits B4C 0or"at.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x05,days);
Signature: setMonths_RTCC(months : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to )rite the "onths in the ITCC.
The "onths is co"posed b- t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x07,months);
Signature: setYears_RTCC(years : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to set the -ears in ITCC.
The -ears that has to be )ritten is e6press as t)o digits B4C 0or"at.
For e6a"ple= #$1' is onl- $61'.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x08,years);
Signature: setMinutes_Alarm_RTCC(minutes : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to )rite the "inutes 0or the alar" interrupt in the ITCC.
The "inutes that has to be )ritten is e6pressed in t)o digit BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x09,minutes);
Signature: setHours_Alarm_RTCC(hours : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s to )rite the hours 0or the alar" interrupt in the ITCC.
The hours that has to be )ritten is e6pressed in t)o digit BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x0A,hours);
Signature: enableAlarm_RTCC() : void
This 0unction enables the interrupt generated b- ITCC.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x01,0x02);
Signature: disableAlarm_RTCC() : void
This 0unction disables the interrupt generated b- ITCC.
Code Body:
EEByteWrite (0xA2,0x01,0x00);
Signature: getMinutes_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the 2ale o0 current "inutes in ITCC.
Minutes are e6presses )ith t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
//initialize a temp variable for minutes
unsigned char TempMinutes;
TempMinutes = EERandomRead (0xA2,0x03);
// because of the max value for the minutes is 59 = 0b01011001,
//the MSB is a not significant bit. n order to be sure that its value
//isn't read we use a mask
return (TempMinutes && 0b01111111);
Signature: getHour_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the 2ale o0 current hours in ITCC.
1ours are e6presses )ith t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
//initialize a temp variable for hours
unsigned char TempHours;
TempHours = EERandomRead (0xA2,0x04);
//the first two bit are not significant bits. n order to be sure that its value
return (TempHours && 0b00111111);
Signature: getTime_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the ti"e 0ro" the ITCC. The 0or"at is 11:MM.
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Code Body:
/* we need two chars for hours (HH),
* a char for ':';
* others two chars for minutes (MM)
* and finally a char for termination '\0'
* So, we need 6 chars:
*/
static unsigned char time[6];
unsigned char a;
a = getHours_RTCC();
// with +48 convert the number in ASC number
//first char is the units of minutes
time[1] = (a & 0b00001111)+48;
//the second char is the tens of minutes
time[0] = (a >> 4)+48;
//the third char is ':'
time[2] = ':';
a = get_minutes_RTCC();
//the forth char is the units of hours
time[4] = (a & 0b00001111)+48;
//the fiveth char is the tens of hours
time[3] = (a >> 4)+48;
//the sixth and last char is the termination one
time[5] = '\0';
return (time);
Signature: getDays_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the 2ale o0 current da-s in ITCC.
4a-s are e6presses )ith t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
//initialize a temp variable for days
unsigned char TempDays;
TempDays = EERandomRead (0xA2,0x05);
//the first two bit are not significant bits. n order to be sure that its value
return (TempDays && 0b00111111);
Signature: getMonths_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the 2ale o0 current "onths in ITCC.
Months are e6presses )ith t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
//initialize a temp variable for month
unsigned char TempMonth;
TempMonth = EERandomRead (0xA2,0x07);
//the first three bit are not significant bits. n order to be sure that its value
return (TempMonth && 0b00011111);
Signature: getYears_RTCC() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns the 2ale o0 current -ears in ITCC.
Nears are e6presses )ith t)o digits BC4 0or"at.
Code Body:
//initialize a temp variable for month
unsigned char TempYears;
TempYears = EERandomRead (0xA2,0x08);
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return (TempYears);
Signature: fixing()
This co"ponent has to be soldered in sur0ace o0 PCB. The di"ensions o0 it are sho)n belo):

Class - +N5//5
It is a standard diode.
In 0irst appro6i"ation 18'$$' is used as unidirectional conducti2e path. I0 the 2oltage applied to pin %9: is bigger than 2oltage
applied to pin 59:= and their di00erence is also higher than 18'$$' threshold 2oltage= due to depleted region= so a current can 0lo)
0ro" %9: to 59:. 7ther)ise= the beha2ior o0 this co"ponent is eMual to an open circuit.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://http://it.farnell.com/multicomp/1n4004/diodo-standard-1a-400v-do-
41/dp/9565027
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value MULTCOMP
Farnell Co#e
Value 9565027
anufactre# Co#e
Value 1N4004
Dio#e 6in#
Value Standard Recovery
'epetiti*e 'e*erse (oltage (rrm a)
Value 400V
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For!ar# Current 2f
Value 1A
For!ar# (oltage (F a)
Value 1V
For!ar# Surge Current 2fsm a)
Value 30A
Pac0age
Value DO-41
Operating Temperature min1
Value -65
Operating Temperature ma)1
Value 150
Operations
Signature: A()
It is the anode pin o0 18'$$'.
Signature: K()
It is the cathode pin o0 18'$$'.
Signature: fixing()
The i"age belo) sho)s ho) 18'$$' can be 0i6ed and its di"ension. The 0i6ing is through round hole.
Class - Pus"%utton
Pushbutton is a "echanical button that can be 0i6ing9: through hole. (ser can press9: it on the top side.

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It has 0our electric contact C19:= C#9: = C!9: and C'9: in order to i"ple"ent open 9)hen released: and short 9)hen pressed: circuit
bet)een the".

%s can be see b- the picture= the pair o0 contact C19:BC#9: and C!9: BC'9: are shortBcircuited bet)een the".
,o= 0ro" the logical point o0 2ie)= it has onl- t)o ter"inal.
Comments
Documentation C! is nor"all- closed and opens upon press9:
Date Time nov 7, 2013 7:19:52 AM
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://http://it.farnell.com/omron-electronic-components/b3f1105/interruttore-piatto-
6x6x4-3-260gf/dp/1960951
Tagge# (alues
anufacturer
Value OMRON ELECTRONC COMPONENTS
Farnell Co#e
Value 1960951
anufacturer Part Num%er
Value B3F1105
Cost
Value C 0,198
a) *oltage
Value 24V
a) current
Value 50ma
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Sol#ering
Value THT
a) Operating temperatures37C4
Value 70C
in Operating temperature37C4
Value -25C
Operating Force
Value 2.55N
Contact resistance
Value 100Mohm
Operations
Signature: press()
(ser through press9: operation is able to press and release Pushbutton. +hen pressed the pair C19:BC#9: are short circuited to the pair
C!9:BC'9:. +hen released this contact is open.
Signature: C1()
Electric ter"inal= scre) t-peD nor"all- at C!9:D shorts to C#9: )hen press9:D open other)ise.
Signature: C2()
Electric ter"inal= scre) t-peD nor"all- openD shorts to C19: )hen press9:D open other)ise.
Signature: C3()
Electric ter"inal= scre) t-peD nor"all- at C19: Dopen other)ise.
Signature: C4()
Electric ter"inal= scre) t-peD nor"all- at C19: Dopen other)ise.
Signature: fixing()
The i"age belo) sho)s ho) Pushbutton can be 0i6ed and its di"ension. The 0i6ing is through round hole.
Class - 'esetCircuit
IesetCircuit is the circuit sho)n belo).

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This circuit i0 connected to "aster clear reset o0 MicroPIC*1F'E#$ allo)s the (ser to reset the s-ste" b- operation press9: o0
Pushbutton.
Attri%utes
Signature
-PullUpResistor_RST : SMD_Resistor_1206
-SeriesResistor_RST : SMD_Resistor_0805
-BypassCapacitor_RST : SMD_Capacitor_0402
-SW1 : Pushbutton
Operations
Signature: VDD()
L449: pin is an electrical pin that has to be connected to the L44 pin o0 the po)er suppl- connector
Signature: GND()
G849: pin is an electrical pin that has to be connected to the G84 pin o0 the po)er suppl- connector
Signature: MCRST()
MCI,T9: pin is an electrical pin that has to be connected to the "aster clear reset pin o0 MicroPIC*1F'E#$.
Class - 8.09:&Oscillator
!#/1;*7scillator is a co"ponents that uses the "echanical resonance o0 a Muart; to create an electrical signal )ith a 0reMuenc- eMual
to !#.7? 51;.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/abracon/abs06-32-768khz-1-t/cristallo-32-768khz-12-5pf-
smd/dp/2101344
URL http://www.abracon.com/Resonators/ABS06.pdf
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value ABRACON
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Farnell Co#e
Value 2101344
anufactorer Co#e
Value ABS06-32.768KHZ-1-T
Fre;uency
Value 32.768kHz
Fre;uency Tolerance<
Value 10ppm
=oa# Capacitance
Value 12.5pF
Value -40C
Value 85C
Crystal ounting Type
Value SMD
Num%er of Pins
Value 2
Attri%utes
-N it is the input pin o0 !#/1;*7scillator
-OUT it is the output pin o0 !#/1;*7scillator
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Co"ponent is soldered in sur0ace o0 PCB. Its di"ension is sho)n in 0ollo)ing picture:

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Class - Connector&+).
For rela-It is a connector )hich has in a ro) t)o positions.

'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/jsp/search/productdetail.jsp?id=1792766
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value PHOENX CONTACT
Farnell Co#e
Value 1792766
anufactorer Co#e
Value MKDSN2,5/2-5.08
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Series
Value MKDSN
N1 of Contacts
Value 2
Wire Si:e AW> in
Value 24AWG
Wire Si:e AW> a)
Value 14AWG
a) Operating Current
Value 16A
a) Operating (oltage
Value 250Vac
Operations
(sing a scre)dri2er Technician Man can connect an e6ternal )ire to PCB s-ste".
Signature: pin1()
It is an electrical pin o0 connector.
It can be connected )ith e2er- other co"ponent through a conducti2e path in PCB= )hich starts 0ro" botto" la-er.
Signature: pin2()
Signature: fixing()
The Connector*16# is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):

Class - 6eyPa#Con#itioning
5e-PadConditioning is a circuit that allo) to read the button pressed on 5e-Pad through the adc: %4C.
It is co"posed b- I1$: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I11: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I1#: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I1!: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I7:
,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E= I9: ,M4*Iesistor*$$E that gi2e a di00erent analogue 2alue on pin 7(T9: in order
to discri"inate the pressed button.
The connection are sho)n in the 0igure abo2e.
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Attri%utes
Signature
-R7 : SMD_Resistor_0805
-connector : Connector_1x8
Operations
Signature: readPressedButton() : unsigned char
This 0unction returns )hat button is pressed 0ollo)ing this codi0ication:
return $ i0 user pressed ,+1'D
return 1 i0 user pressed ,+1D
return # i0 user pressed ,+#D
return ! i0 user pressed ,+!D
return ' i0 user pressed ,+ED
return E i0 user pressed ,+?D
return ? i0 user pressed ,+7D
return i0 user pressed ,+1$D
return 1$ i0 user pressed ,+'D
return 11 i0 user pressed ,+D
return 1# i0 user pressed ,+1#D
return 1! i0 user pressed ,+1?D
return 1' i0 user pressed ,+1!D
return 1E i0 user pressed ,+1ED
Code Body: //Set AN0 as channel wich will be tied to ADC input
SelectChannel_ADC(1);
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//Start the convertion
Convert_ADC();
//Wait until the convertion is done
while(Busy_ADC());
//Read result of convertion
unsigned int result;
result = Read_ADC();
if (result<15)
{
return 1;
}
else if (esult<79)
{
return 4;
}
else if (result<145)
{
return 7;
}
{
return 14;
}
{
return 2;
}
{
return 5;
}
{
return 8;
}
{
return 0;
}
{
return 3;
}
{
return 6;
}
{
return 9;
}
{
return 15;
}
{
return 10;
}
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{
return 11;
}
{
return 12;
}
{
return 13;
}
else
{
return 20;
}
Signature: VDD()
L449: pin is an electrical pin connected to the L44 pin o0 the po)er suppl- connector
Signature: GND()
G849: pin is an electrical pin connected to the G84 pin o0 the po)er suppl- connector
Signature: OUT()
7(T9: pin is an electrical pin connected to %819: pin o0 the adc: %4C.
Signature: C0()
C$9: pin is an electrical pin connected toIo)19: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C1()
C19: pin is an electrical pin connected toIo)#9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C2()
C#9: pin is an electrical pin connected toIo)!9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C3()
C!9: pin is an electrical pin connected toIo)'9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C4()
C'9: pin is an electrical pin connected toCol19: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C5()
CE9: pin is an electrical pin connected toCol#9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C6()
C?9: pin is an electrical pin connected toCol!9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Signature: C7()
C79: pin is an electrical pin connected toCol'9: pin o0 5e-Pad through the Connector*16 "ounted on PCB.
Class - Connector&+),
It is a connector header 0or PCB )hich has in a ro) eight connections.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.globalconnectortechnology.com/pcb-board-to-board/pdf/BG030.pdf
URL http://it.farnell.com/global-connector-technology/bg030-08-a-0650-0300-n-
g/board-board-connector-header-a/dp/1798955
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Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value GLOBAL CONNECTOR TECHNOLOGY
Farnell co#e
Value 1798955
anufactorer co#e
Value BG030-08-A-0650-0300-N-G
Cost
Value 0.27C
Pitc" Spacing
Value 2.54mm
N1 of 'o!s
Value 1
N1 of Conctacts
Value 8
Contact Termination
Value Through Hole Vertical
Contact Plating
Value gold
Contact aterial
Value copper
Value 125
Value -55
Class - oistureSensor
Moisture,ensor is a soil "oisture sensor na"ed L1'$$.
It as be planted in the soil in order to "easure the soil hu"idit-.
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ItKs an analog sensor )hich has three pins= that co""unicate )ith the s-ste" through a Moisture,ensor*Cable connected to the PCB
e6ploiting a Connector*16!. These three pins are:
Lcc9:= the 2oltage suppl- that it needsD
G849:= the ground re0erenceD
L79:= analog output pinD
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.vegetronix.com/Products/Soil-Moisture-Sensor-Probes.phtml/
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value Vegetronix
Value VH400
Cost
Value 37.95$
Operating *oltage min
Value 3.3Vdc
Operating *oltage ma)
Value 20Vdc
Po!er on to Output sta%le
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Value 400 ms
in1 operation temperature
Value -40C
a)1 operation temperature
Value 85C
Output (oltage min
Value 0V
Output (oltage ma)
Value 3V
a) current
Value 7mA
Attri%utes
-cable : MoistureSensor_Cable This is a Moisture,ensor*Cable that has one side soldered )ith Moisture,ensor.
Operations
Signature: readMoisture() : float
This 0unction returns the 2alue o0 soil hu"idit-
Code Body: //Set AN0 as channel wich will be tied to ADC input
SelectChannel_ADC(0);
//Start the convertion
Convert_ADC();
//Wait until the convertion is done
while(Busy_ADC());
//Read result of convertion
unsigned int result;
result = Read_ADC();
float humidity;
humidity = (result*5)/1023;
if(humidity<1.1)
humidity= (humidity* 10) - 1;
else if(humidity<1.3)
humidity= (humidity*25) - 17.5;
else if(humidity<1.82)
humidity= (humidity*48.08) - 47.5;
else
humidity= (humidity*26.32) - 7.89;
return humidity;
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Signature: Vcc()
It is the input pin in )hich 2oltage suppl- has to be pro2ided. Its range 2alue is O!.! B #$P Ldc
Signature: GND()
It is an electrical pin in )hich ground re0erence is connected.
Signature: VO()
It is an analog output pin= its 2alue gi2e us an in0or"ation about soil "oisture.
L79: 0ollo)s this 0igure in 0unction o0 "oisture:

This characteristic can be e6presses b- the 0ollo)ing eMuation:
"oisture C 1$@L79:B1 i0 L79: is in the range O$ B 1.1PLD
"oisture C #E@L79:B17.E i0 L79: is in the range O1.1 B 1.!PLD
"oisture C '.$@L79:B'7.E i0 L79: is in the range O1.! B 1.#PLD
"oisture C #?.!#@L79:B7.9 i0 L79: is in the range O1.# B !PLD
Signature: fixing()
Moisture,ensor is si"pl- planted in the soil.
Its di"ension are sho)n in the 0ollo)ing 0igure:

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Class - S!itc"
It is an electrical co"ponent able to interrupt a current 0lo).

%s can be see in the 0ollo)ing 0igure= the ,)itch connects ter"inal c9: )ith or a9: or b9:= in 0unction o0 )here the (ser has i"posed.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/eao/09-03290-01/interruttore-spdt-co-0-5a-12v-pcb/dp/674345
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value EAO
Farnell Co#e
Value 674345
anufactorer co#e
Value 09-03290.01
Contact Configuration
Value SPDT-CO
Contact (oltage DC a)
Value 12V
Contact Current a)
Value 500mA
S!itc" ounting
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Value THT
Contact 'esistance
Value 22Mohm
Value 85C
Value -40C
Series
Value 1K2
S!itc"ing Po!er a)
Value 6W
Operations
Signature: shortCircuit()
Through this operation= ,)itch creates a conducti2e path bet)een c9: and b9:= )hile a9: is 0loating.
Signature: openCircuit()
Through this operation= ,)itch creates a conducti2e path bet)een c9: and a9:= )hile b9: is 0loating.
Signature: a()
Electrical pin o0 ,)itch.
Signature: b()
Signature: c()
Signature: fixing()
The ,)itch is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):
Class - Connector&+)8
It is a connector )hich has in a ro) three connections.

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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/phoenix-contact/1714984/morsettiera-pcb-9-5mm-3-
vie/dp/3704713
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value PHOENX CONTACT
Farnell Co#e
Value 3704713
anufactorer Co#e
Value 1714984
Series
Value MKDS
Num%er of Contacts
Value 3
Wire Si:e AW> in
Value 24AWG
Wire Si:e AW> a)
Value 10AWG
a) Operating Current
Value 32A
Value 500Vac
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ounting Type
Value THT
Connector Type
Value Screw
Operations
(sing a scre)dri2er Technician Man can connect an e6ternal )ire to PCB s-ste".
Signature: fixing()
The Connector*16! is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):

Signature: pin1()
Signature: pin2()
Signature: pin3()
Class - =CD&5?./.
It is an alphanu"eric LC4 displa-= in )hich seMuences o0 chars can be 2ie)ed.

'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/jsp/search/productdetail.jsp?id=2063162/
URL http://http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1485434.pdf
Tagge# (alues
Name
Value MC42004A6W-BNMLW
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anufacturer
Value MDAS
Cost
Value 15.56 C
Num%er of Digitis $ Alp"a
Value 80
C"aracter Count ) =ine
Value 20x4
-ac0lig"ting Colour
Value White
C"aracter Si:e
Value 2.30 x 4.03 mm
(oltage Supply
Value 5 V
Display o#e
Value Transmissive
Display Area
Value 22x60 mm
Value -20 C
Value 70 C
@)ternal (olume
Value 47x77x14.5 mm
2llumination Colour
Value Blue
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2nterface
Value Parallel
Operations
Signature: Vss()
It is an electrical pin that has to be connected to G84.
Signature: Vcc()
It is an electrical pin that has to be connected to Lcc.
Signature: VO()
It is an analog input pin )hich allo)s to dri2e the contrast o0 chars )ritten in LC4*'>#$#.
Signature: RS()
It is a digital input pin )hich reali;es the 0unction o0 register selection.
I0 its 2alue is:
$= Instruction register 90or )rite: Bus- 0lag :address counter 90or read:D
1= 4ata register 90or )rite and read:.
Signature: RW()
It is a digital input pin )hich reali;es the 0unction o0 read or )rite selection.
I0 it is:
$= )e reali;e a read operationD
1= )e reali;e a )rite operation.

Signature: E()
It is the enable digital input pin: i0 it is asserted= LC4*'>#$# stars the read or )rite operation.
Signature: D0()
It is a bidirectional tristate data bus pin= used 0or data trans0er and recei2e. It is donKt used i0 'Bbit "ode is enabled.
Signature: D1()
Signature: D2()
Signature: D3()
Signature: D4()
It is a bidirectional tristate data bus pin= used 0or data trans0er and recei2e.
Signature: D5()
Signature: D6()
Signature: D7()
Signature: VBp()
It is an electrical pin= connected to anode o0 bac/lighting LE4.
Signature: VBn()
It is an electrical pin= connected to cathode o0 bac/lighting LE4.
Signature: light()
LC4*'>#$# e"its light )hen LBp9: is connected at a 2oltage greater that LE4 threshold and LBn9: is connected to ground.
Signature: fixing()
LC4*'>#$# can be 0i6ed b- a soldering in botto" la-er= or e6ploiting a Connector*16.
The ph-sical di"ension o0 this hard)are co"ponent are sho)n in 0igure belo):
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Signature: Open_LCD() : void
This 0unction initiali;es the LC4*4ispla- to )or/ in ' bit "ode.
Code Body: LCD_RS = 0x00;
LCD_E = 0x00;
LCD_RW = 0x00;
__delay_ms (100);
Send_LCD (0,0,1,1);
__delay_ms (5);
Send_LCD (0,0,1,1);
__delay_ms (5);
Send_LCD (0,0,1,1);
__delay_ms (5);
Send_LCD (0,0,1,0);
Send_LCD (0,0,1,0);
Send_LCD (1,0,0,0);
Send_LCD (0,0,0,0);
Send_LCD (1,1,1,0);
CursorLCD (0,0);
ClearLCD ();
Signature: Send_LCD(D3 : unsigned char, D2 : unsigned char, D1 : unsigned char, D0 : unsigned char) : void
%ccording to ' bit operation "ode o0 LC4*4ispla-= this 0unction send a ' bit co""and to LC4*4ispla- itsel0.
Code Body: LCD_D0 = D0;
LCD_D1 = D1;
LCD_D2 = D2;
LCD_D3 = D3;
//Enable pulse
LCD_E = 1;
__delay_ms (1);
LCD_E = 0;
__delay_ms (1);
Signature: Clear_LCD() : void
This 0unction allo)s to clear the LC4*4ispla- 0ro" e2er- )ritten char.
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Code Body: Send_LCD (0,0,0,0);
Send_LCD (0,0,0,1);
Signature: Home_LCD() : void
This 0unction "o2e the cursor at the 0irst ro) and 0irst colu"n o0 LC4*4ispla-.
Signature: Shift_LCD(direction : char, shift : char) : void
This 0unction shi0ts in the right or le0t direction 9according to direction 2alue: the chars )ritten on LC4*'>#$#.
The a"ount o0 shi0ting is gi2en b- the 2alue o0 shi0t.
direction can assu"e t)o 2alue:
$= in order to ha2e a le0t shi0tD
1= in order to ha2e a right shi0t.
shi0t speci0ies the nu"ber o0 shi0t operation that ha2e to be done.
Code Body: //index of shifting operation
char i;
for (i=0; i < shift; i++)
{
Send_LCD (0,0,0,1);
Send_LCD (1,direction,0,0);
}
Signature: ShiftCursor_LCD(direction : char, shift : char) : void
E6ploiting this 0unction itKs possible to "o2e the actual position o0 the cursor.
The "eaning o0 input para"eters are the sa"e )hich are e6pose in ,hi0t*LC49direction: char= shi0t: char:: 2oid.
Code Body: //shifting index
char i;
for (i=0; i <shift; i++)
{
Send_LCD (0,0,0,1);
Send_LCD (0,direction,0,0);
}
Signature: Line_LCD(line : char) : void
This 0unction locates the LC4*'>#$# cursor on the selected line.
line speci0ies the nu"ber o0 the line= and can assu"e the 0ollo)ing 2alue: 1= #= != '.
Code Body: switch(line) {
case 1: Send_LCD(1,0,0,0);
Send_LCD(0,0,0,0);
break;
Send_LCD(0,0,0,0);
break;
Send_LCD(0,1,0,0);
break;
Send_LCD(0,1,0,0);
}
Signature: WriteChar_LCD(a : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction )rites a char to the LC4*'>#$#. The 2alue o0 a speci0ies the char to be sent. The 0unction accept %,CII integer or
constants= such as KgK.
Code Body: unsigned char D3,D2,D1,D0;
LCD_RS = 1;
// Splitting of the first nibble
D3 = (a & 0b10000000) >> 7;
D2 = (a & 0b01000000) >> 6;
D1 = (a & 0b00100000) >> 5;
D0 = (a & 0b00010000) >> 4;
Send_LCD (D3,D2,D1,D0);
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// Splitting of the second nibble
D3 = (a & 0b00001000) >> 3;
D2 = (a & 0b00000100) >> 2;
D1 = (a & 0b00000010) >> 1;
D0 = (a & 0b00000001);
Send_LCD (D3,D2,D1,D0);
LCD_RS = 0;
Signature: WriteString_LCD(pointerToString : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction )rites a string to the LC4*'>#$#.
pointerTo,tring has to be a string= so it should to be inserted in the 0ollo)ing "ode: FstringF.
Code Body: while(*pointerToString)
{
// Write character to LCD
WriteChar_LCD(*pointerToString);
pointerToString++;
}
Signature: Writent_LCD(value : unsigned int, digits : char) : void
This 0unction )rites an unsigned integer 2alue to the LC4*'>#$#.
digits is the nu"ber o0 sho)n digit. It can be assu"e the 0ollo)ing 2alue: $= 1= #= != '= E.
I0:
eMual to $= the unsigned integer 2alue is sho)n in LC4*'>#$# )ith a le0t 3usti0icationD
eMual to 1 B E= the unsigned integer 2alue is sho)n in LC4*'>#$# )ith a right 3usti0ication and a nu"ber o0 digit eMual to
digits.
Code Body: // The maximum array size is 5 plus end of string \0
unsigned char nt_converted [6] = {0,0,0,0,0,0};
unsigned char i;
itoa ((unsigned char*) nt_converted, value,10);
if (digits >0 ) {
nt_converted[digits] = '\0';
while (!(nt_converted[digits-1] <= '9' && nt_converted[digits-1] >= '0'))
{
for (i = digits-1; i > 0; i--)
{
nt_converted[i] = nt_converted[i-1];
nt_converted[i-1] = ' ';
}
}
}
writeString_LCD (nt_converted);
Class - 'elay-oar#
This part o0 circuit contains all the co"ponent used to dri2e the +atering Pu"p. It is co"posed o0:
P8P*TransistorD
18'1E$D
LE4D
,I4*Iela-D
,eriesIesistor*Iela-: ,M4*Iesistor*$$ED
Connected as sho)n in 0igure:
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Attri%utes
Signature
-DecouplingCapacitor_Relay : SMD_Electrolytic_Capacitor
-SeriesResistor_Relay : SMD_Resistor_0805
-LedResistor_Relay : SMD_Resistor_0805
-relay : SRD_Relay
Operations
Signature: changeState_Relay() : void
This 0unction change the status o0 ,I4*Iela- contacts.
Code Body: //save the current status in a temp variable
char stato = PORTAbits.RA3;
PORTAbits.RA3 = ~stato;
Signature: readStatus_Relay() : unsigned char
This 0unctions allo)s to read the status o0 ,I4*Iela-.
Code Body: return PORTAbits.RA3;
Signature: N()
This pin is the digital input o0 the Iela-Board. It "ust be dri2en b- MicroPIC*1F'E#$ and= )hen assert it change the status o0 rela-:
,I4*Iela- 0ro" its idle state to the e6cited state.
Signature: VCC()
This is the suppl- 2oltage pin. It "ust to be connected to LCC.
Signature: GND()
This is an electrical pin that "ust to be connected to G84 re0erence.
Signature: OUT1()
It is the electrical pin that is associated to high po)er side o0 the rela-: ,I4*Iela-.
Signature: OUT2()
Signature: OUT3()
Class - SD&@lectrolytic&Capacitor
This /ind o0 Capacitor is characteri;ed b- ha2ing a ,M4 pac/age )ith standard 0or alu"inu" electrol-tic.
The co"ponent sho)s as belo):

The capacitance 2alue o0 this capacitor is C F.
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'eferences
Type (alue
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value KEMET
Series
Value KEMET - EDK Series
Capacitance
Value C [F]
Tolerance
Value 20%
Value 10V
Pac0age
Value SMD
Value -40C
Value 85C
Operations
Signature: fixing()
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+here 0or nu"erical di"ensions indicated b- letters re0er to datasheet.
Class - SD&Capacitor&/,/A
This /ind o0 Capacitor is characteri;ed b- ha2ing a ,M4 pac/age )ith standard $$E.

'eferences
Type (alue
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value YAGEO
Pro#uct 'ange
Value YAGEO - CC Series
(alue
Value C [F]
Capacitance Tolerance
Value +80%, -20%
Dielectric
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Value Y5V
a)1 Operating (oltage
Value 25 V
a)1 Operating Temperature
Value 85C
in1 Operating Temperature
Value -30C
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Class - SD&Capacitor&/B/8
This /ind o0 Capacitor is characteri;ed b- ha2ing a ,M4 pac/age )ith standard $?$!.

'eferences
Type (alue
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Tagge# (alues
anufacturer
Value MULTCOMP
(alue
Value C
Capacitance Tolerance
Value 10 %
Dielectric
Value X7R
a) operati*e *oltage
Value 25 V
Capacitor Case Style
Value 0603
Value -55C
Value 125C
Capacitor Terminals
Value SMD
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Class - SD&Capacitor&/5/.
This /ind o0 Capacitor is characteri;ed b- ha2ing a ,M4 pac/age )ith standard $$E.
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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://http://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1792107.pdf
Tagge# (alues
Value MULTCOMP
Series
Value MULTCOMP - MC Series
Tolerance
Value 5%
Capacitance
Value C [V]
Dielectric
Value C0G / NP0
Capacitor Case Style
Value 0402
a)1 Operati*e (oltage
Value 50V
Value -55C
Value 125C
Pac0age
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Value SMD
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Class - Capacitor
Capacitor is a reacti2e electrical co"ponent that can store energ- in an electric 0ield. Is is used in "an- applications= such as 0ilter or
decoupling.
It can be pac/ed in di00erent "ode= as sho)n in 0igure:

Its principal electrical Muantit- is capacitance OFP.
Operations
Signature: A()
Electrical pin o0 Capacitor.
Signature: B()
Electrical pin o0 Capacitor.
Class - SD&'esistor&/,/A
This is a /ind o0 Iesistor characteri;ed b- ha2ing ,M4 pac/age )ith standard $$E.
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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/vishay-draloric/crcw08051k00fkeahp/resistore-alimentazione-
0805-1/dp/1738959
URL http://it.farnell.com/te-connectivity/crgh0805f470r/resistore-alimentazione-470r-
0/dp/2332067RL
0/dp/2332065RL
0/dp/2332063
0/dp/2332058
URL http://it.farnell.com/te-connectivity/crgh0805f1k5/resistore-alimentazione-1k5-0-
33w/dp/2332074
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value TE CONNECTVTY
'esistance (alue
Value R ohm
Series
Value TE CONNECTVTY - CRG Series
Po!er ma)1
Value 330mW
'esistance Tollerance
Value 1%
Pac0age
Value 0805
Temperature Coefficient
Value 200ppm/C
Value 150V
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Value -55C
Value 155C
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Class - SD&'esistor&+./B
This is a /ind o0 Iesistor characteri;ed b- ha2ing ,M4 pac/age )ith standard 1#$?.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/yageo-phycomp/rc1206fr-074k7l/resistore-4-7k-0-25w-
1/dp/9240985
URL http://it.farnell.com/multicomp/mc0125w12061110k/resistore-110k-0-125w-1-
1206-reel/dp/2129812
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value TE CONNECTVTY
'esistance (alue
Value R ohm
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Series
Value TE CONNECTVTY - CRG Series
Value 330mW
'esistance Tollerance
Value 1%
Pac0age
Value 1206
Temperature Coefficient
Value 200ppm/C
Value 150V
Value -55C
Value 155C
Operations
Signature: fixing()
Class - 'esistor
Iesistor is an electrical co"ponent )hich has I Q as resistance 2alue.
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Operations
Signature: a()
It is an electrical pin o0 Iesistor.
Signature: b()
It is an electrical pin o0 Iesistor.
Class - ./6&TrimmingPotentiometer
This is a tri""er potentio"eter that can be also used as a 2ariable resistor.
The #$5*Tri""ingPotentio"eter presents bet)een %9: and B9:= al)a-s #$5oh" o0 resistance. +hile the resistance that can be see
bet)een %9: and +9: or B9: and +9: is a 0unction o0 angle.
(ser e6ploiting a scre)dri2er can "odi0- the angle 2alue in order to change the resistance ratio
.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/bourns/tc33b-1-203e/trimming-potentiometer-20k/dp/1360925
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value BOURNS
Cost
Value C 0,20
Farnell Co#e
Value 1360925
anufactorer Co#e
Value TC33B-1-203E
Trac0 'esistance
Value 20kohm
'esistance Tolerance
Value 25%
Temperature coeficient
Value 250ppm/C
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a) Po!er
Value 10mW
Potentiometer ounting
Value SMD
@n# 'esistance
Value 400ohm
Value 100C
Value -40C
(oltage 'ating ma)
Value 50V
Operations
Signature: fixing()
The co"ponent has to be soldered in top la-er o0 PCB 0ollo)ing the distances sho)n belo):
Signature: A()
It is the pin associated to one side o0 the internal resistor end.
Signature: B()
It is the pin associated to one side o0 the internal resistor end.
Signature: W()
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It is the pin associated to the )iper o0 #$5*Tri""ingPotentio"eter.
Signature: turn(angle)
(ser e6ploiting an scre)dri2er can change the angle 2alue in order to change the resistance see bet)een %9:B+9: and B9:B+9:.
Class - Connector&+)+B
It is a 0e"ale connector 0or PCB )hich has in a ro) si6teen connections.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/samtec/bcs-116-l-s-te/contatto-2-54mm-vert-16-
vie/dp/1667483
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value SAMTEC
Farnell co#e
Value 1667483
anufactorer co#e
Value BCS-116-L-S-TE
Pitc" Spacing
Value 2.54mm
N1 of 'o!s
Value 1
N1 of Contacts
Value 16
Value Through Hole Vertical
Contact Plating
Value gold
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Contact aterial
Value Phosphor Bronze
a) Current
Value 3A
@)ternal Wi#t"
Value 5.08mm
=ea# Spacing
Value 2.54mm
Value 125C
Value -55C
Operations
Signature: pin1()
Signature: pin2()
Signature: pin3()
Signature: pin4()
It is a pin o0 connector.
Signature: pin5()
Signature: pin6()
Signature: pin7()
Signature: pin8()
Signature: pin9()
Signature: pin10()
Signature: pin11()
Signature: pin12()
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Signature: pin13()
Signature: pin14()
Signature: pin15()
Signature: pin16()
Signature: fixing()
The Connector*161? is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):
Class - PC-
PCB is a solid and hard "echanical support reali;ed in FIB' on )hich are "ounted and electricall- connected 9as sho)n in the
sche"atic: all co"ponents.
This PCB is co"posed b- # la-ers= the ,MT co"ponents are soldered in top one= )hile T1T co"ponents in botto" la-er.

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The routing 2ie) o0 PCB are sho)n belo)= )ithout ground plane:

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and )ith ground plane in both botto" and top la-ers:

% !4BLie) o0 the PCB is also illustrated:

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Attri%utes
Signature
-DecouplingCapacitance_uC_1 : SMD_Capacitor_0805
-DecouplingCapacitance_uC_2 : SMD_Capacitor_0805
-BypassCapacitance_uC_1 : SMD_Capacitor_0603
-BypassCapacitance_uC_2 : SMD_Capacitor_0603
-QuartzCapacitance_1 : SMD_Capacitor_0402
-QuartzCapacitance_2 : SMD_Capacitor_0402
-DecouplingCapacitance_Relay : SMD_Electrolytic_Capacitor
Class - FlatCa%le
FlatCable is a /ind o0 electrical cable that is both 0lat and 0le6ible.
ItKs co"posed b- )ires.
Operations
This operation allo)s the electrical connection bet)een pins to other e6ternal pins.
Class - 6eyPa#
5e-Pad is a '6' /e- "atri6= )hich has output pins to distinguish the pressed /e-.

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The beha2ioral o0 this co"ponent is the 0ollo)ing one:
)hen the user presses a /e-= the co"ponent reali;es a shortBcircuit bet)een the correspondent colu"n and ro).
For e6a"ple: Pressing ,+7= Col!9: and Io)#9: are connected.
'eferences
Type (alue
Tagge# (alues
anufaturer
Value APEM
Value AC3561
Cost
Value 15.64 C
6eypa# atri)
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Value 4x4
a) DC (oltage
Value 30 V
a) Current
Value 100 mA
2nsulation 'esistance at +//(
Value 100 MC
a) Attuation Force
Value 400 g
in Operating Temperature
Value -30 C
a) Operating Temperature
Value 55 C
6eyPa# Dimension
Value 95x95 mm
6ey Diameter
Value 0
Attri%utes
-KeyPad_Cable2 : FlatCable It is a FlatCable that has one side soldered in 5e-Pad.
-SW1 It is a "echanical button o0 5e-Pad.
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Operations
Signature: Row1()
Electric ter"inal: nor"all- opened and:
shorts to Col19: )hen ,+1 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col#9: )hen ,+# is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col!9: )hen ,+! is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col'9: )hen ,+' is press9,+i:.
Signature: Row2()

shorts to Col19: )hen ,+E is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col#9: )hen ,+? is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col!9: )hen ,+7 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col'9: )hen ,+ is press9,+i:.
Signature: Row3()

shorts to Col19: )hen ,+9 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col#9: )hen ,+1$ is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col!9: )hen ,+11 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col'9: )hen ,+1# is press9,+i:.
Signature: Row4()

shorts to Col19: )hen ,+1! is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col#9: )hen ,+1' is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col!9: )hen ,+1E is press9,+i:D
shorts to Col'9: )hen ,+1? is press9,+i:.
Signature: Col1()
shorts to Io)19: )hen ,+1 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)#9: )hen ,+E is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)!9: )hen ,+9 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)'9: )hen ,+1! is press9,+i:.
Signature: Col2()
shorts to Io)19: )hen ,+# is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)#9: )hen ,+? is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)!9: )hen ,+1$ is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)'9: )hen ,+1' is press9,+i:.
Signature: Col3()
shorts to Io)19: )hen ,+! is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)#9: )hen ,+7 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)!9: )hen ,+11 is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)'9: )hen ,+1E is press9,+i:.
Signature: Col4()
shorts to Io)19: )hen ,+' is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)#9: )hen ,+ is press9,+i:D
shorts to Io)!9: )hen ,+1# is press9,+i:D
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shorts to Io)'9: )hen ,+1? is press9,+i:.
Signature: press(SWi)
(ser through press9,+i: operation is able to press and release the /e- corresponded to ,+i. +hen ,+i is pressed= the corresponding
colu"n and ro) are shortBcircuited.
Signature: fixing() : void
5e-Pad 0i6ing9:: 2oid is through a stic/- bac/ sur0ace.
Class - icroP2C&+,F5A./
MicroPIC*1F'E#$ is a Bbit "icrocontroller Manu0acturer b- Microchip. It has a MIP, architecture CP( that can "anage his
peripherals.
Than/s to adc: %4C= it can be used in "i6ed signal s-ste"s.

The pin no"enclature is sho)n in 0ollo)ing picture= in )hich the order o0 pin and peripheral I&7 can be sho)n:

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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://it.farnell.com/microchip/pic18f4520-i-pt/ic-mcu-8bit-pic18-40mhz-
tqfp44/dp/1212703
URL http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/39631E.pdf
Tagge# (alues
anufacturer
Value Microchip
Farnell Co#e
Value 1212703
anufacturer Co#e
Value PC18F4520-/PT
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Program emory Si:e
Value 32KB
'A emory Si:e
Value 1.5KB
CPU Spee# a)
Value 40 MHz
Num%er of 2$O
Value 36
Case Style
Value TQFP
Num%er of Pins
Value 44
@m%e##e# 2nterface Type
Value EUSART, 2C, PSP, SP
Supply (oltage in
Value 4.2V
Supply (oltage a)
Value 5.5V
Core Si:e
Value 8bit
@@P'O emory Si:e
Value 256Byte
Value 0.5mm
Num%er of ADC 2nputs
Value 13
Num%er of PW C"annels
Value 5
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Num%er of Timers
Value 4
Num%er of %it ADC
Value 10
Value 85C
Value -40C
Attri%utes
Signature
-PortA : ParallelPortA
-PortB : ParallelPortB
-PortC : ParallelPortC
-PortD : ParallelPortD
-PortE : ParallelPortE
-adc : ADC
-2C : 2C_Port_Master
Operations
Signature: fix()
MicroPIC*1F'E#$ has to be 0i6ed on the sur0ace o0 PCB as sho)n in 0igure:

In )hich the distance are:

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Class - Automatic&Watering&System
Attri%utes
-AutoStatus : unsigned char ItKs the 2ariable )hich indicates i0 the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" is in acti2e status or
not.
I0:
eMual to $= %uto"atic s-ste" 7FFD
eMual to 1= %uto"atic s-ste" 78.
-HumidityTH : unsigned char This attribute indicates the 2alue o0 "oisture threshold. I0 the hu"idit- o0 soil is lo)er
than 1u"idit-T1: unsigned char= the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" has to start the
irrigation at gi2en hour.
7ther)ise the %uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" is stalled.
-Minutes_Alarm_On : unsigned
char
-Minutes_Alarm_Off : unsigned
char
-Hours_Alarm_On : unsigned
char
-Hours_Alarm_Off : unsigned
char
Operations
Signature: main() : void
This 0unction is the core o0 )hole s-ste". ItKs i"ple"ents the 0inite state "achine )hich allo)s the (ser to control the
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste"
Code Body: //variable
unsigned char key = 20;
float moisture = 0;
unsigned char TempHours1 = 20; //contains the temp value of hour's tens
unsigned char TempHours2 = 20; //contains the temp value of hour's unit
unsigned char TempMinutes1 = 20; //contains the temp value of minute's tens
unsigned char TempMinutes2 = 20; //contains the temp value of minute's tens
unsigned char TempHumidity1 = 20;//contains the temp value of humidity's tens
unsigned char TempHumidity2 = 20;//contains the temp value of humidity's tens
// impost the direction of each pin
drivern_PortA(0xFF);
drivern_PortB(0x8F);
drivern_PortC(0x7F);
drivern_PortD(0x8F);
drivern_PortE(0xFF);
//ADC initialization
init_ADC();
TurnON_ADC();
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//LCD initialization
Open_LCD();
Clear_LCD();
//Enable PortB interrupt
enablenterrupt_PortB();
//2C initialization
Open2C();
//Turn-on the alarm generated by RTCC
enableAlarm_RTCC();
//Turn-on the display
Open_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("Welcome to");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("Automatic Watering");
Line_LCD(3);
WriteString_LCD("Systems");
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
int stato = 0
while(1)
{
switch(stato)
{
case 0 :
/* Show the Home*/
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("A : Start Watering");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("B : Stop Watering");
Line_LCD(3);
WriteString_LCD("C : View Menu");
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD("D : Show T/H");
key = readPressedButton();
while (key == 20)
{
}
switch(key())
{
case 10 :
//f press A (10) then the irrigation is activated
stato = 1;
break;
case 11 :
//f press B (11) then the irrigation is deactivated
stato = 2;
break;
case 12 :
//f press C (12) then 'll see the control menu
stato = 3;
break;
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case 13 :
//f press D (13) then 'll see the humidity vale and temperature one
stato = 4;
break;
default :
//se non premo nulla o altro resto nel mio stato iniziale
stato = 0;
break;
}
case 1 :
//Avvio il sistema di irrigazione, nel display nulla cambia, solo il
//led della rete di condizionamento del relay si accende
if(!readStatus_Relay()) //prima controllo che il sistema sia spento
changeState_Relay(); //se spento lo accendo
stato = 0; //ritorno allo stato di partenza
break;
case 2:
//Spegnimento del sistema di irrigazione, nel display nulla cambia, solo il
//led della rete di condizionamento del relay si spegne
if(readStatus_Relay()) //prima controllo che il sistema sia acceso
changeState_Relay(); //se acceso lo spengo
stato = 0; //ritorno allo stato di partenza
break;
case 3:
//Sono nel sistema che controlla l'irrigazione automatica
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("A : Set Time");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("B : Auto. Sys. OnOff");
Line_LCD(3);
WriteString_LCD("C : Settings");
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD("D : Moisture Th");
while (key == 20)
{
}
switch(key())
{
case 10 :
//se premo A (10) allora si passa al setting del time
stato = 5;
break;
case 11 :
//se premo B (11) allora si spegne o si accende il sistema di irrigazione
automatico
stato = 6;
break;
case 12 :
//se premo C (12) allora vado a visualizzare il menu delle impostazioni
stato = 7;
break;
case 13 :
//se premo D (13) allora vado set humidity th.
stato = 8;
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break;
case 15 :
//se premo il cancelletto (15) allora torno al menu di home
stato = 0;
break;
default :
//se non premo nulla o altro resto nel mio stato
stato = 3;
break;
}
case 4:
//Vado a visualizzare l'umidit e la temperatura
Clear_LCD(); //pulisco l'LCD
WriteString_LCD("Moisture :");
Line_LCD(2);
moisture = readMoisture();
WriteString_LCD(Moisture);
Line_LCD(3);
WriteString_LCD("Temperature :");
Line_LCD(4);
ShowTemperature_DS18B20();
while (key == 20)
{
}
//Controllo che sia stato o meno premuto il cancelletto (15)
if(key() = 15)
stato = 0;
else
stato = 4;
break;
case 5:
//setting del time
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("Setting Time");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("HH:MM");
Line_LCD(2); //shift the cursor to the begin of the row
TempHours1 = readPressedButton();
while(TempHours1 == 20) //ciclo while serve per aspettare che l'utente
{ //scriva qualche numero, nota, la funzione di
read torna
TempHours1 = readPressedButton(); //20 quando non si preme nulla
}
if(TempHours1 == 15) //controllo che non sia stato cliccato il cancelletto
{
stato = 3;
break;
}
WritheChar_LCD(TempHours1);
while(TempHours2 == 20)
{
}
if(TempHours2 == 15) //controllo che non sia stato premuto il cancelletto
{
stato = 3;
break;
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}
TempMinutes1 = readPressedButton();
while(TempMinutes1 == 20)
{
}
if(TempMinutes1 == 15) //controllo che non sia stato premuto il cancelletto
{
stato = 3;
break;
}
WritheChar_LCD(TempMinutes1);
{
}
{
stato = 3;
break;
}
// una volta ricevuti i dati vado a settare l'ora e i minuti
TempHours1 = (TempHours1<<4) | TempHours2;
setHours_RTCC(TempHours1);
TempMinutes1 = (TempMinutes1<<4) | TempMinutes2;
setMinutes_RTCC(TempMinutes1);
Line_LCD(3);
WriteString_LCD("Current Hour");
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD(getTime_RTCC()); //feedback sull'ora corrente
while(readPressedButton()!=15)
{
WriteString_LCD(getTime_RTCC()); //feedback sull'ora corrente
}
stato = 3;
break;
case 6:
//on-off sistema automatico
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("A : Auto. Sys. ON");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("B : Auto. Sys. OFF");
Line_LCD(4);
if(AutoStatus)
WriteString_LCD("Status ON");
else
WriteString_LCD("Status OFF");
while (key == 20)
{
}
switch(key())
{
case 10 :
stato = 9;
break;
case 11 :
stato = 10;
break;
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case 15 :
stato = 3;
break;
default :
stato = 6;
break;
}
case 7:
//menu delle impostazioni
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("A :Watering Time");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("B :Watering Duration");
while (key == 20)
{
}
switch(key())
{
case 10 :
stato = 11;
break;
case 11 :
stato = 12;
break;
case 15 :
stato = 3;
break;
default :
stato = 7;
break;
}
case 8:
//set humidity th.
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("Setting Moisture");
Line_LCD(2);
WriteString_LCD("HH %");
TempHumidity1 = readPressedButton();
while(TempHumidity1 == 20) //ciclo while serve per aspettare che l'utente
read torna
TempHumidity1 = readPressedButton(); //20 quando non si preme nulla
}
if(TempHumidity1 == 15) //controllo che non sia stato cliccato il cancelletto
{
stato = 3;
break;
}
WritheChar_LCD(TempHumidity1);
while(TempHumidity2 == 20)
{
}
if(TempHumidity2 == 15) //controllo che non sia stato premuto il cancelletto
{
stato = 3;
break;
}
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WritheChar_LCD(TempHumidity2);
TempHumidity1 = (TempHumidity1 << 4) | TempHumidity2; //now humidity threshold is stored in
TempHumidity1 in BDC form
HumidityTH = (((TempHumidity1 & 0xF0) >> 4) * 10) + (TempHumidity1 & 0x0F); // now humidity
threshold is stored in HumidityTH in decimal form
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD("Set! ");
Writent_LCD(HumidityTH,2);
WriteChar_LCD('%');
while(readPressedButton()!=15);
stato = 3;
break;
case 9:
//attivo il sistema automatico
AutoStatus = 1;
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD("Status ON");
__delay_ms(250); //one second of delay
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
stato = 6;
break;
case 10:
//disattivo il sistema automatico
AutoStatus = 0;
Line_LCD(4);
WriteString_LCD("Status OFF");
__delay_ms(250); //one second of delay
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
__delay_ms(250);
stato = 6;
break;
case 11:
//Set Watering Time
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("Watering Time");
Line_LCD(2);
read torna
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
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{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
Hours_Alarm_On = (TempHours1<<4) | TempHours2;
if(!readStatus_Realay()) //prima di andare a memorizzare l'ora nell'allarme vado a
setHours_Alarm_RTCC(Hours_Alarm_On); //vedere che l'irrigazione non sia gia attiva, in
quanto necessita dell'allarme per la durata
Minutes_Alarm_On = (TempMinutes1<<4) | TempMinutes2;
if(!readStatus_Realay())
setMinutes_Alarm_RTCC(Minutes_Alarm_On);
stato = 7;
break
case 12:
//Set Watering Duration
Clear_LCD();
WriteString_LCD("Watering Duration");
Line_LCD(2);
read torna
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
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{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
{
}
{
stato = 7;
break;
}
Hours_Alarm_Off = (TempHours1<<4) | TempHours2;
if(readStatus_Realay()) //prima di andare a memorizzare l'ora nell'allarme vado a
setHours_Alarm_RTCC(Hours_Alarm_Off); //vedere che l'irrigazione non sia gia attiva, in
quanto necessita dell'allarme per la durata
Minutes_Alarm_Off = (TempMinutes1<<4) | TempMinutes2;
if(readStatus_Realay())
setMinutes_Alarm_RTCC(Minutes_Alarm_Off);
stato = 7;
break
}
}
Signature: high_interrupt() : void
This 0unction contains the bod- o0 high le2el interrupt. Because o0 in MicroPIC*1F'E#$ 0a"il-= there is a li"ited place dedicated to
this /ind o0 interrupt= this 0unction contains onl- a operation: an unconditional 3u"p to another 0unction 9PortB*interrupt*isr9:: 2oid:.
Code Body: _asm GOTO PortB_interrupt_isr _endasm
Signature: PortB_interrupt_isr() : void
This 0unction contains the beha2ior )hich the MicroPIC*1F'E#$ has to do= )hen an alar" b- ITCC is generated.
Code Body: if(checknterrupt_PortB())
{
if(PORTBbits.RB0 == 0) //check that interrupt on portB is due to a negative edge in RB0
{
disablenterrupt_PortB();
if(AutoStatus) //check if automatic system is set
{
if(readStatus_Relay()) //if the irrigation is already on
{
changeState_Relay(); //turn-off the irrigation
setHours_Alarm_RTCC(Hours_Alarm_On);
setMinutes_Alarm_RTCC(Minutes_Alarm_On);
}
else //if the irrigation is off
{
float moisture = readMoisture(); //read the actual value of moisture
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if(moisture < ((float) HumidityTH) //if it is lower than TH
{
changeState_Relay(); //turn-on the irrigation
setHours_Alarm_RTCC(Hours_Alarm_Off);
setMinutes_Alarm_RTCC(Minutes_Alarm_Off);
}
}
}
}
enablenterrupt_PortB();
clearnterrupt_PortB();
}
Automatic&Watering&System
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icroP2C&+,F5A./
Class - ParallelPortC
ParallelPortC is a ParallelPort )hich has the 0ollo)ing operations:
dri2erIn*PortC9pins: unsigned char:: 2oid= to decide the direction o0 each pin belonging to ParallelPortC itsel0.
read*PortC9pin: unsigned char:: unsigned char= to read the logic 2alue pro2ided as an input o0 a speci0icpino0 ParallelPortC
itsel0.
)rite*PortC9pin: unsigned char= pin,tatus: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite in the speci0ied pin the 2alue indicates b- pin,tatus
Operations
Signature: drivern_PortC(pins : unsigned char) : void
,ets pin direction o0 ParallelPortC to be input. Each bit o0 argu"ent pins is associated )ith a pin o0 the ParallelPortCD bit $&1&#.. o0
pins corresponds )ith bit $&1&#... o0 ParallelPortC respecti2el-. The pin is set to input i0 the corresponding bit o0 pins is set to 1D output
other)ise.
Code Body: TRSC = bits;
Signature: read_PortC(pin : unsigned char) : unsigned char
Ieturns 1 9respecti2el-= $: i0 the 2alue o0 the pin= )hose inde6 9$ to 7: is gi2en b- argu"ent pin= is 1 9respecti2el- $:.
Code Body: switch(pin)
{
case 0 :
return PORTCbits.RC0;
break;
case 1 :
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break;
case 2 :
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Signature: write_PortC(pin : unsigned char, pinStatus : unsigned char) : void
+rite the 2alue o0 pin,tatus on pin
{
case 0 :
PORTCbits.RC0 = pinStatus;
break;
case 1 :
PORTCbits.RC1 = pinStatus;
break;
case 2 :
PORTCbits.RC2 = pinStatus;;
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Class - ParallelPort@
ParallelPortE is a ParallelPort )hich has the 0ollo)ing operations:
dri2erIn*PortE9pins: unsigned char:: 2oid= to decide the direction o0 each pin belonging to ParallelPortE itsel0.
read*PortE9pin: unsigned char:: unsigned char= to read the logic 2alue pro2ided as an input o0 a speci0ic pin o0 ParallelPortE
itsel0.
)rite*PortE9pin: unsigned char= pin,tatus: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite in the speci0ied pin the 2alue indicates b- pin,tatus
Operations
Signature: drivern_PortE(pins : unsigned char) : void
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,ets pin direction o0 ParallelPortE to be input. Each bit o0 argu"ent pins is associated )ith a pin o0 the ParallelPortED bit $&1&#.. o0
pins corresponds )ith bit $&1&#... o0 ParallelPortE respecti2el-. The pin is set to input i0 the corresponding bit o0 pins is set to 1D output
other)ise.
Code Body: TRSE = bits;
Signature: read_PortE(pin : unsigned char) : unsigned char
{
case 0 :
return PORTEbits.RE0;
break;
case 1 :
break;
case 2 :
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :e
break;
}
Signature: write_PortE(pin : unsigned char, pinStatus : unsigned char) : void
{
case 0 :
PORTEbits.RE0 = pinStatus;
break;
case 1 :
PORTEbits.RE1 = pinStatus;
break;
case 2 :
PORTEbits.RE2 = pinStatus;;
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
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Class - ParallelPortD
ParallelPort4 is a ParallelPort )hich has the 0ollo)ing operations:
dri2erIn*Port49pins: unsigned char:: 2oid= to decide the direction o0 each pin belonging to ParallelPort4 itsel0.
read*Port49pin: unsigned char:: unsigned char= to read the logic 2alue pro2ided as an input o0 a speci0ic pin o0 ParallelPort4
itsel0.
)rite*Port49pin: unsigned char= pin,tatus: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite in the speci0ied pin the 2alue indicates b- pin,tatus
Operations
Signature: drivern_PortD(pins : unsigned char) : void
,ets pin direction o0 ParallelPort4 to be input. Each bit o0 argu"ent pins is associated )ith a pin o0 the ParallelPort4D bit $&1&#.. o0
pins corresponds )ith bit $&1&#... o0 ParallelPort4 respecti2el-. The pin is set to input i0 the corresponding bit o0 pins is set to 1D output
other)ise.
Code Body: TRSD = bits;
Signature: read_PortD(pin : unsigned char) : unsigned char
{
case 0 :
return PORTDbits.RD0;
break;
case 1 :
break;
case 2 :
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Signature: write_PortD(pin : unsigned char, pinStatus : unsigned char) : void
{
case 0 :
PORTDbits.RD0 = pinStatus;
break;
case 1 :
PORTDbits.RD1 = pinStatus;
break;
case 2 :
PORTDbits.RD2 = pinStatus;;
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
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break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Class - ParallelPortA
ParallelPort% is a ParallelPort )hich has the 0ollo)ing operations:
dri2erIn*Port%9pins: unsigned char:: 2oid= to decide the direction o0 each pin belonging to ParallelPort% itsel0.
read*Port%9pin: unsigned char:: unsigned char= to read the logic 2alue pro2ided as an input o0 a speci0ic pin o0 ParallelPort%
itsel0.
)rite*Port%9pin: unsigned char= pin,tatus: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite in the speci0ied pin the 2alue indicates b- pin,tatus
Operations
Signature: drivern_PortA(pins : unsigned char) : void
,ets pin direction o0 ParallelPort% to be input. Each bit o0 argu"ent pins is associated )ith a pin o0 the ParallelPort%D bit $&1&#.. o0
pins corresponds )ith bit $&1&#... o0 ParallelPort% respecti2el-. The pin is set to input i0 the corresponding bit o0 pins is set to 1D output
other)ise.
Code Body: TRSA = bits;
Signature: read_PortA(pin : unsigned char) : unsigned char
{
case 0 :
return PORTAbits.RA0;
break;
case 1 :
break;
case 2 :
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Signature: write_PortA(pin : unsigned char, pinStatus : unsigned char) : void
{
case 0 :
PORTAbits.RA0 = pinStatus;
break;
case 1 :
PORTAbits.RA1 = pinStatus;
break;
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case 2 :
PORTAbits.RA2 = pinStatus;;
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Class - ParallelPort-
ParallelPortB is a ParallelPort )hich has the 0ollo)ing operations:
dri2erIn*PortB9pins: unsigned char:: 2oid= to decide the direction o0 each pin belonging to ParallelPortB itsel0.
read*PortB9pin: unsigned char:: unsigned char= to read the logic 2alue pro2ided as an input o0 a speci0ic pin o0 ParallelPortB
itsel0.
)rite*PortB9pin: unsigned char= pin,tatus: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite in the speci0ied pin the 2alue indicates b- pin,tatus
In addiction to those= ParallelPortB has three pin 9B$9:= B19:= and B#9:: that can detect the input e2ent in order to generate an
interrupt. To do this= ParallelPortB has the 0ollo)ing operations:
enableInterrupt*PortB9:: 2oid to enable this /ind o0 interrupt as high le2el interruptD
chec/Interrupt*PortB9:: unsigned char= to chec/ i0 interrupt is in2ol2ed because o0 e2ent on ParallelPortBD
clearInterrupt*PortB9:: 2oid= to reset the interrupt 0lag due to e2ent on ParallelPortBD
disableInterrupt*PortB9:: 2oid= to disable the interrupt due to e2ent on ParallelPortB.
Operations
Signature: drivern_PortB(pins : unsigned char) : void
,ets pin direction o0 ParallelPortB to be input. Each bit o0 argu"ent pins is associated )ith a pin o0 the ParallelPortBD bit $&1&#.. o0
pins corresponds )ith bit $&1&#... o0 ParallelPortB respecti2el-. The pin is set to input i0 the corresponding bit o0 pins is set to 1D output
other)ise.
Code Body: TRSB = bits;
Signature: read_PortB(pin : unsigned char) : unsigned char
{
case 0 :
return PORTBbits.RB0;
break;
case 1 :
break;
case 2 :
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
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break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Signature: write_PortB(pin : unsigned char, pinStatus : unsigned char) : void
{
case 0 :
PORTBbits.RB0 = pinStatus;
break;
case 1 :
PORTBbits.RB1 = pinStatus;
break;
case 2 :
PORTBbits.RB2 = pinStatus;;
break;
case 3 :
break;
case 4 :
break;
case 5 :
break;
case 6 :
break;
case 7 :
break;
}
Signature: enablenterrupt_PortB() : void
This 0unction enables the interrupt generated b- ParallelPortB.
In particular= e2er- input e2ent on B$9:= B19:= and B#9: o0 ParallelPortB generates an high le2el interrupt. MicroPIC*1F'E#$ allo)s
the nesting interrupt= and has t)o le2el o0 that.
Code Body: NTCONbits.RBE = 1;
NTCON2bits.RBP = 1;
NTCONbits.PEE = 1;
Signature: checknterrupt_PortB() : unsigned char
This 0unction chec/ i0 interrupt is in2ol2ed because o0 e2ent on ParallelPortB.
Code Body: return NTCONbits.RBF;
Signature: clearnterrupt_PortB() : void
This 0unction reset the interrupt 0lag due to e2ent on ParallelPortB= in order to be read- to ser2e the ne6t interrupt.
Code Body: NTCONbits.RBF = 0;
Signature: disablenterrupt_PortB() : void
This 0unction disable the interrupt due to e2ent on ParallelPortB.
Code Body: NTCONbits.RBE = 0;
Class - +WirePort&aster
It is the "aster side o0 an 1B+ire co""unication.
1B+ire is bus protocol that i"ple"ents bus co""unication using 3ust one port: 7+*Port9:.
1+irePort*Master dri2es this control signal= the operation that it can per0or" are:
+riteBit*7+9bit: unsigned char:: 2oid= to trans"it a single bit to sla2e de2iceD
+riteB-te*7+9data: unsigned char:: 2oid= to trans"it a single b-te to sla2e de2iceD
IesetPulse*7+9:: unsigned char= to trans"it a reset pulse to sla2e de2iceD
Iead*7+9:: unsigned char= to con0igure as Input pin and Iead the status o0 7+*Port9:D
IeadBit*7+9:: unsigned char= to read a bit sent b- sla2e de2iceD
IeadB-te*7+9:: unsigned char= to read a b-te sent b- sla2e de2iceD
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Operations
Signature: WriteByte_OW(data : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction used to trans"it a co"plete b-te to sla2e de2ice through the 7+*Port9:.
Code Body: unsigned char i;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
WriteBit_OW(data & 0x01); //Sending LS-bit first
data >>= 1; // shift the data byte for the next bit to send
}
Signature: ResetPulse_OW() : unsigned char
Initiali;ation seMuence start )ith reset pulse. IesetPulse*7+9:: unsigned char generates reset seMuence as per the protocol. This
0unctions return an unsigned char )hich indicates i0 the sla2e is tied to 7+*Port9: or not.
Code Body: unsigned char presence;
Low_OW();

__delay_us(240); // delay 480 microsecond (us)
__delay_us(240);
High_OW(); // Release the bus
presence = Read_OW(); //Sample for presence pulse from slave
__delay_us(205);
High_OW(); // Release the bus
return presence;
Signature: ReadByte_OW() : unsigned char
This 0unction used to read a co"plete b-te 0ro" the sla2e de2ice through the 7+*Port9:.
Code Body: unsigned char i, result=0;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
result >>= 1; // shift the result to get it ready for the next bit to receive
if (ReadBit_OW())
result |= 0x80; // if result is one, then set MS-bit
}
return result;
Signature: WriteBit_OW(bit : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction used to trans"it a single bit to sla2e de2ice through the 7+*Port9:.
Code Body: if (bit)
{
//writing a bit '1'
Low_OW(); // Drive the bus low
__delay_uc(6); // delay 6 microsecond (us)
High_OW (); // Release the bus
}
else
{
//writing a bit '0'
__delay_uc(10); // delay 10 microsecond for recovery (us)
}
Signature: ReadBit_OW() : unsigned char
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This 0unction used to read a single bit 0ro" the sla2e de2ice through the 7+*Port9:.
Code Body: unsigned char bit;
//reading a bit
bit = Read_OW(); //Read the status of OW_PN
__delay_us(55);// delay 55 microsecond (us)
return bit;
Signature: Low_OW() : void
Con0igure the 7+*Port9: as 7utput and dri2e the 7+*Port9: L7+.
Code Body: TRSCbits.RC1 = 0;
PORTCbits.RC1 = 0;
Signature: High_OW() : void
Con0igure the 7+*Port9: as 7utput and dri2e the 7+*Port9: 1IG1.
Code Body: TRSCbits.RC1 = 0;
PORTCbits.RC1 = 1;
Signature: Read_OW() : unsigned char
Con0igure as Input pin and Iead the status o0 7+*Port9:.
Code Body: unsigned char data=0;
// OW pin as an input
TRSCbits.RC1 = 1;
if (1 == PORTCbits.RC1)
data = 1;
else
data = 0;
return data;
Signature: OW_Port()
This is the digital port used as 1+ire co""unication bus.
Class - 2.C&Port&aster
I#C is a serial protocol used in e"bedded s-ste"s to connect "icrocontroller )ith "an- peripherals= such as other "icrocontrollers=
ITCC= sensors and so on.
I#C*Port*Master is the "aster side o0 this /ind o0 serial co""unication inter0ace.
It uses the 0ollo)ing operations to "anage the sla2e:
EEB-te+rite9control: unsigned char= address: unsigned char= data: unsigned char:: signed char= to )rite a single data b-te to
sla2eD
EEIando"Iead9control: unsigned char= address: unsigned char:: signed int= to read a single data b-te to sla2eD
IdleI#C9:: 2oid= to generate )ait condition until I#C bus is IdleD
,tartI#C9:: 2oid= to send I#C bus start conditionD
+riteI#C9control: unsigned char:: 2oid= to )rite a single b-te to the I#C busD
,topI#C9:: 2oid= to send I#C bus stop conditionD
8ot%c/I#C9:: 2oid= to initiate 87T %C5 bus conditionD
7penI#C9:: 2oid= to open the I#C*Port*Master as a "aster and sets the trans"ission rate to '$$51;.
Co""unication uses t)o di00erent pin:
,4I*,4%9:= serial data busD
,C5*,CL9:= serial cloc/ pro2ided b- "aster to sla2e.
Operations
Signature: EEByteWrite(control : unsigned char, address : unsigned char, data : unsigned char) : signed char
+rite single data b-te to I#C EE "e"or- sla2e de2ice. This routine returns:
1: The b-te has been properl- )ritten
B1: Bus Collision error
B#: 8ot %c/ error condition
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B!: +rite collision
Code Body: dle2C(); // ensure module is idle
Start2C(); // initiate START condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.SEN ); // wait until start condition is over
if ( PR2bits.BCLF ) // test for bus collision
{
return ( -1 ); // return with Bus Collision error
}
else // start condition successful
{
if ( Write2C( control ) ) // write byte - R/W bit should be 0
{
Stop2C();
return ( -3 ); // set error for write collision
}
//dle2C(); // ensure module is idle
if ( !SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT ) // test for ACK condition received
{
if ( Write2C( address ) ) // write word address for EEPROM
{
Stop2C();
}
if ( !SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT ) // test for ACK condition received
{
if ( Write2C( data ) ) // data byte for EEPROM
{
Stop2C();
}
}
else
{
Stop2C();
return ( -2 ); // return with Not Ack error condition
}
}
else
{
Stop2C();
return ( -2 ); // return with Not Ack error condition
}
}
Stop2C(); // send STOP condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.PEN ); // wait until stop condition is over
{
}
return ( 0 ); // return with no error
Signature: EERandomRead(control : unsigned char, address : unsigned char) : signed int
Ieads 1 b-te 0ro" passed address to EE "e"or- sla2e de2ice.
Code Body: dle2C(); // ensure module is idle
Start2C(); // initiate START condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.SEN ); // wait until start condition is over
{
}
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else
{
if ( Write2C( control ) ) // write 1 byte
{
Stop2C();
return ( -3 ); // return with write collision error
}
if ( !SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT ) // test for ACK condition, if received
{
if ( Write2C( address ) ) // WRTE word address for EEPROM
{
Stop2C();
}
if ( !SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT ) // test for ACK condition, if received
{
Restart2C(); // generate 2C bus restart condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.RSEN );// wait until re-start condition is over
{
}

if ( Write2C( control+1 ) )// write 1 byte - R/W bit should be 1
{
Stop2C();
}
if ( !SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT )// test for ACK condition, if received
{
SSPCON2bits.RCEN = 1; // enable master for 1 byte reception
while ( SSPCON2bits.RCEN ); // check that receive sequence is over
NotAck2C(); // send ACK condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.ACKEN ); // wait until ACK sequence is over
Stop2C(); // send STOP condition
while ( SSPCON2bits.PEN ); // wait until stop condition is over
{
}
}
else
{
Stop2C();
return ( -2 ); // return with Not Ack error
}
}
else
{
Stop2C();
}
}
else
{
Stop2C();
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}
}
return ( (unsigned int) SSPBUF ); // return with data
Signature: dle2C() : void
This 0unction generates )ait condition until I#C bus is Idle.
Code Body: while ( ( SSPCON2 & 0x1F ) || ( SSPSTATbits.R_W ) )
continue;
Signature: Start2C() : void
,end I#C bus start condition.
Code Body: SSPCON2bits.SEN = 1; // initiate bus start condition
Signature: Write2C(control : unsigned char) : void
This routine )rites a single b-te to the I#C bus.
Code Body: SSPBUF = data_out; // write single byte to SSPBUF
if ( SSPCON1bits.WCOL ) // test if write collision occurred
return ( -1 ); // if WCOL bit is set return negative #
else
{
if( ((SSPCON1&0x0F)!=0x08) && ((SSPCON1&0x0F)!=0x0B) ) //Slave mode only
{
SSPCON1bits.CKP = 1; // release clock line
while ( !PR1bits.SSPF ); // wait until ninth clock pulse received
if ( ( !SSPSTATbits.R_W ) && ( !SSPSTATbits.BF ) )// if R/W=0 and BF=0, NOT ACK was received
{
return ( -2 ); //return NACK
}
else
{
return ( 0 ); //return ACK
}
}
else if( ((SSPCON1&0x0F)==0x08) || ((SSPCON1&0x0F)==0x0B) ) //master mode only
{
while( SSPSTATbits.BF ); // wait until write cycle is complete
dle2C(); // ensure module is idle
if ( SSPCON2bits.ACKSTAT ) // test for ACK condition received
return ( -2 ); // return NACK
else return ( 0 ); //return ACK
}
}
Signature: Stop2C() : void
This 0unction sends I#C bus stop condition.
Code Body: SSPCON2bits.PEN = 1; // initiate bus stop condition
Signature: NotAck2C() : void
This 0unction initiates 87T %C5 bus condition.
Code Body: SSPCON2bits.ACKDT = 1; // set acknowledge bit for not ACK
SSPCON2bits.ACKEN = 1; // initiate bus acknowledge sequence
Signature: Open2C() : void
This 0unction per"its to open the I#C*Port*Master as a "aster and sets the trans"ission rate to '$$51;.
Code Body: SSPSTAT &= 0x3F; // power on state
SSPCON1 = 0x00; // power on state
SSPCON2 = 0x00; // power on state
SSPCON1 |= 0x08; // select master mode
SSPSTAT |= 0x00; // slew rate on
2C_SCL = 1;
2C_SDA = 1;
SSPCON1 |= SSPENB; // enable synchronous serial port
SSPADD = 12; //transmission rate equal to 400KHz
Signature: SD_SDA()
Signature: SCK_SCL()
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Class - ADC
It is the dri2er 0or internal %4C o0 MicroPIC*1F'E#$.
It is used to "anage the con2ersion operation )hich allo)s to ha2e a digital in0or"ation associated to an analog signal.
Attri%utes
-NUMBTS : byte const = 10 This attribute indicates the resolution o0 %4C in nu"ber o0 bits. It is eMual to 1$= so the
digital in0or"ation )ill be in the range O$= 1$#!P.
Operations
Signature: init_ADC() : void
Initiali;es %4C :
to ha2e as 2oltage re0erence the po)er suppl- pro22ided to MicroPIC*1F'E#$D
to operate on t)o analog channel 9%8$9: and %819::D
to use a le0t 3usti0ication 0or %4C resultD
to ha2e the biggest sa"pling ti"e in order to ha2e the best possible con2ersion.
Code Body: /*
* nitialization of ADC
*/
// Vdd and Vss as voltages reference
ADCON1bits.VCFG0 = 0;
ADCON1bits.VCFG1 = 0;
//number of analog channel equal to 2
ADCON1bits.PCFG3 = 1;
//left justification of ADC result
ADCON2bits.ADFM = 0;
//samplig time as long as possible
ADCON2bits.ACQT2 = 1;
ADCON2bits.ADCS2 = 1;
Signature: AN0()
%8$9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN1()
%819: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN2()
%8#9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN3()
%8!9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN4()
%8'9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN5()
%8E9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN6()
%8?9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN7()
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Signature: AN8()
Signature: AN9()
Signature: AN10()
%81$9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: AN11()
Signature: AN12()
%81#9: in the analog input pin. It can be connected to analog source in order to be con2erted in a digital in0or"ation.
Signature: TurnON_ADC() : void
This 0unction turns on the %4C "odule.
Code Body: ADCON0bits.ADON = 1;
Signature: SelectChannel_ADC(channel : unsigned char) : void
This 0unction allo)s the user to select the channel that has to be used.
In particular= channel can assu"e the 2alues 0ro" $ to 1#= each o0 then are associate to %8$9:= %819:= %8#9:= %8!9:= %8'9:= %8E9:=
%8?9:= %879:= %89:= %899:= %81$9:= %8119:= %81#9: respecti2el-.
Code Body: ADCON0bits.CHS = channel;
Signature: Busy_ADC() : char
This 0unctions returns 1 i0 the %4C is bus-= other)ise returns $.
Code Body: return ADCON0bits.GODONE;
Signature: Read_ADC() : unsigned int
This 0unction returns the result o0 %4C operation.
Code Body: return (((unsigned int)ADRESH)<<8)|(ADRESL);
Signature: Convert_ADC() : void
This 0unction allo)s to start the con2erting operation.
Code Body: ADCON0bits.GODONE = 1;
Class - ParallelPort
ParallelPort is a /ind o0 general purpose I&7 co"posed b- pin:
B$9:= B19:= B#9:= B!9:= B'9:= BE9:= B?9:= and B79:.
This ParallelPort allo)s the co""unication )ith "an- peripheral= such as LC4= other "icrocontrollers= LE4= push button and "ore
o2er...
Operations
Signature: B0()
B$9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B1()
B19: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B2()
B#9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B3()
B!9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B4()
B'9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B5()
BE9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B6()
B?9: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
Signature: B7()
B79: is a digital pin o0 ParallelPort= )hich can be set as an input or as an output= and in this last case= it can assu"es onl- t)o 2alues:
$ or 1.
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'elay-oar#
Name (alue
Documentation
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Class - PNP&Transistor
It is an P8P transistor= that can be used to a"pli0- the current )hich enters in its B9:.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/12A02CH-TL-E/12A02CH-TL-E-
ND/2796955
URL http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/EN7482-D.PDF
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value ON Semiconductor
Digi-6ey Part Num%er
Value 12A02CH-TL-E-ND
Value 12A02CH-TL-E
Cost
Value 0.07866$
Pac0aging
Value Tape & Reel (TR)
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Transistor Type
Value PNP
Current - Collector 32c4 3a)4
Value 1A
(oltage - Collector @mitter -rea0#o!n 3a)4
Value 12V
DC Current >ain 3"F@4 3in4
Value 300 @ 10mA, 2V
Po!er - a)
Value 700mW
ounting Type
Value Surface Mount
Pac0age
Value SC-96
Temperature - in
Value -55 C
Temperature - a)
Value 150 C
Operations
Signature: B()
It is the base pin o0 P8P*Transistor.
Signature: C()
It is the collector pin o0 P8P*Transistor.
Signature: E()
It is the e"itter pin o0 P8P*Transistor.
Signature: fixing()
It is reali;ed b- sur0ace soldering. The de2ice di"ensions are sho)n in 0igure:
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Class - +N5+A/
It is a standard diode.
In 0irst appro6i"ation 18'1E$ is used as unidirectional conducti2e path. I0 the 2oltage applied to pin %9: is bigger than 2oltage
applied to pin 59:= and their di00erence is also higher than 18'1E$ threshold 2oltage= due to depleted region= so a current can 0lo)
0ro" %9: to 59:. 7ther)ise= the beha2ior o0 this co"ponent is eMual to an open circuit.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/1N4150TR/1N4150VSTR-ND/3104055
URL http://www.vishay.com/docs/85522/1n4150.pdf
Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value Vishay Semiconductor
Digi-6ey Part Num%er
Value 1N4150VSTR-ND
Value 1N4150TR
Cost
Value 0.024
Dio#e Type
Value Standard
(oltage - DC 'e*erse 3(r4 3a)4
Value 50V
Current - A*erage 'ectifie# 32o4
Value 300mA (DC)
(oltage - For!ar# 3(f4 3a)4 C 2f
Value 1V @ 200mA
'e*erse 'eco*ery Time 3trr4
Value 4ns
Current - 'e*erse =ea0age C (r
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Value 100nA @ 50V
ounting Type
Value Through Hole
Value DO-35
T"ermal 'esistance
Value 350C/W Ja
Operating Temperature - a)
Value 175C
Operating Temperature - in
Value -55C
Ot"er Names
Value 1N4150VSTR
Operations
Signature: A()
It is the anode pin o0 18'1E$.
Signature: K()
It is the anode pin o0 18'1E$.
Signature: fixing()
The i"age belo) sho)s ho) 18'1E$ can be 0i6ed and its di"ension. The 0i6ing is through round hole.
Class - =@D
LE4 is an electrical co"ponent that can e"its light )hen %9: is connected at a 2oltage greater than LE4Ks threshold 2oltage.
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'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://http://www.newark.com/avago-technologies/hlmp-4740/led-green-t-1-3-4-
5mm-2-3mcd-569nm/dp/40K0082?MER=PPSO_N_P_LEDs_None
URL http://www.avagotech.com/docs/AV02-1557EN
Tagge# (alues
anufacturer
Value AVAGO TECHNOLOGES
Ne!ar0 Part No1
Value 40K0082
anufacturer Part No
Value HLMP-4740
-ul% Si:e
Value T-1 3/4 (5mm)
For!ar# Current 2f
Value 2 mA
For!ar# (oltage
Value 1.9 V
=@D Color
Value Green
=@D ounting
Value Through Hole
=ens S"ape
Value Round
=uminous 2ntensity
Value 2.3 mcd
Price
Value 0.5$
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Operations
Signature: light()
LE4 e"its light )hen %9: is connected at a 2oltage greater than LE4Ks threshold 2oltage
Signature: A()
The anode pin o0 the LE4
Signature: K()
The cathode o0 the LE4
Signature: fixing()
This co"ponent "ust to be 0i6ed through botto" soldering. The di"ensions o0 co"ponent are the 0ollo)ing:
Class - S'D&'elay
It is the rela- )hich a EL dri2er can dri2e #!$L load. There are t)o pair o0 high 2oltage pin:
I8!9:BI8'9: is the nor"all- open interrupt= )hen a current 0lo)s through I819: and I8#9:= this t)o contacts are shortB
circuited.
I8'9:BI8E9: is the nor"all- closed interrupt= )hen a current 0lo)s through I819: and I8#9:= this t)o contacts are separated.
'eferences
Type (alue
URL http://www.songle.com/en/pdf/20084141716341001.pdf
URL http://www.cytron.com.my/viewProduct.php?pcode=RE-SO-SRS-
24&name=Songle%20Relay%20SRS%2024VDC-SH
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Tagge# (alues
anufactorer
Value Songle
Cost
Value 0.78$
anufactorer Co#e
Value Songle Relay SRS 24VDC-SH
a) Current
Value 10A
a) Operating (oltage 3AC4
Value 240VAC
a) Operating (oltage 3DC4
Value 28VDC
Temperature min
Value -25C
Temperature ma)
Value 70C
Conctact 'esistance
Value 100 mOhm
Operations
Signature: N1()
It is the EL electrical pin o0 ,I4*Iela-.
Signature: N2()
It is the EL electrical pin o0 ,I4*Iela-.
Signature: N3()
It is the #'$Lac electrical pin o0 ,I4*Iela-.
Signature: N4()
Signature: N5()
Signature: fixing()
The ,I4*Iela- is soldered in botto" la-er 0ollo)ing the 0igures sho)s belo):
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Class - 'elay-oar#
This part o0 circuit contains all the co"ponent used to dri2e the +atering Pu"p. It is co"posed o0:
P8P*TransistorD
18'1E$D
LE4D
,I4*Iela-D
,eriesIesistor*Iela-: ,M4*Iesistor*$$ED
Connected as sho)n in 0igure:

Attri%utes
Signature
-DecouplingCapacitor_Relay : SMD_Electrolytic_Capacitor
-SeriesResistor_Relay : SMD_Resistor_0805
-LedResistor_Relay : SMD_Resistor_0805
-relay : SRD_Relay
Operations
Signature: changeState_Relay() : void
This 0unction change the status o0 ,I4*Iela- contacts.
Code Body: //save the current status in a temp variable
char stato = PORTAbits.RA3;
PORTAbits.RA3 = ~stato;
Signature: readStatus_Relay() : unsigned char
This 0unctions allo)s to read the status o0 ,I4*Iela-.
Code Body: return PORTAbits.RA3;
Signature: N()
This pin is the digital input o0 the Iela-Board. It "ust be dri2en b- MicroPIC*1F'E#$ and= )hen assert it change the status o0 rela-:
,I4*Iela- 0ro" its idle state to the e6cited state.
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Signature: VCC()
This is the suppl- 2oltage pin. It "ust to be connected to LCC.
Signature: GND()
This is an electrical pin that "ust to be connected to G84 re0erence.
Signature: OUT1()
Signature: OUT2()
Signature: OUT3()
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Automatic&Watering&System
Name (alue
Documentation
State - C9@C6 9U2D2TD
In this state the F,M chec/ i0 the hu"idit- is under the threshold 9i"posed b- user: or not.
State - TU'N&OFF&2''2>AT2ON
In this state the F,M turns o00 the irrigation s-ste"
State - TU'N&ON&2''2>AT2ON
In this state the F,M turns on the irrigation s-ste".
State - C9@C6&AUTOSTATUS
In this state the F,M chec/ i0 user has asserted the auto"atic )atering s-ste".
State - 2D=@
In this state= the F,M do the "ain9: 0unction )aiting 0or e2ent on P7ITB
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Automatic Watering Project 'e;uirements
'e;uirement - Po!er Supply *oltage
Requirement D: REQ02
The po)er suppl- 2oltage pro2ided through Connector*16# "ust be EL4C.
Constraints: Max thickness, Max length, Max width
'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System ma) temperature
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust )ithstand a "a6 operating te"perature o0 '$GC
Constraints: Maximum operating temperature
'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System in Temperature
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust )ithstand a "ini"u" operating te"perature o0 B#EGC.
Constraints: Min operating temperature
'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System !ater proof
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust be )ater proo0.
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Automatic Watering System ma) temperature
'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System ma) temperature
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust )ithstand a "a6 operating te"perature o0 '$GC
Constraints: Maximum operating temperature
'e;uirement - icrocontroller ma) operating temperature
Requirement D: REQ03.REQ008
MicroPIC*1F'E#$ "ust ha2e a "a6 operating te"perature grater than '$GC
'e;uirement - Temperature senspr ma) operatin temperature
4,1B#$ "ust ha2e a "a6 operating te"perature grater than '$GC
'e;uirement - oisture sensor ma) operating temperature
Moisture,ensor "ust ha2e an operating "a6 te"perature grater than '$GC
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'e;uirement - 'TCC ma) operating temperature
ITCC "ust ha2e an operating "a6 te"perature grater than '$GC
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Automatic Watering System in Temperature
'e;uirement - oisture sensor min temperature
Moisture,ensor "ust ha2e an operating "in te"perature lo)er than B#EGC
'e;uirement - 'TCC min operating temperature
ITCC "ust ha2e an operating "in te"perature lo)er than B#$GC
'e;uirement - Temperature sensor min operating temperature
4,1B#$ "ust ha2e a "in operating te"perature lo)er than B#EGC
'e;uirement - icrocontroller min operating temperature
MicroPIC*1F'E#$ "ust ha2e a "in operating te"perature lo)er than B#EGC
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'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System in Temperature
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust )ithstand a "ini"u" operating te"perature o0 B#EGC.
Constraints: Min operating temperature
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Automatic Watering System !ater proof
'e;uirement - Automatic Watering System !ater proof
%uto"atic*+atering*,-ste" "ust be )ater proo0.

Automatic Watering Systems

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