AIX for System Administrators

http://aix4admins.blogspot.mx/2011/08/odm-object-data-manager-it-is...

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ODM (OBJECT DATA MANAGER):

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It is a database of system and device configuration information integrated into the OS. It is intended for storing system informations: software infos (smit menus and commands, installed filesets...) and device infos (device configurations, tcp/ip configs...)
ABOUT

FS - LVM FS LV Mirror Pool PV VG

GENERAL AIX History Backup Commands CPU - Processes

For safety reasons the ODM data is stored in binary format. All ODM commands use the ODMDIR environment variable, that is set in file /etc/environment. The default value of ODMDIR is /etc/objrepos. ------------------------ODM can be divided into 3 parts: - Object Classes (odmcreate, odmdrop): The ODM consists of many database files, where each file is called an object class. odmcreate descriptor_file.cre odmdrop -o object_class_name it creates an ODM class (descriptor_file.cre contains the class definition) it deletes an entire ODM class

Crontab - At Date - Time Devices Dump - Core Errpt - Diag - Alog Syslogd Firmware IO - AIO, DIO, CIO Memory - Pag.Space ODM Printing SRC Startup - Shutdown

- Objects (odmshow): Each object class consists of objects. Each object is one record in an object class. odmshow object_class_name it shows the underlying layout of the objec class

System - Kernel Tunables User - Group User Login

- Descriptors (odmadd, odmchange, odmdelete, odmget): The descriptors describe the layout of the objects. They determine the name and datatype of the fields that are part of the object class. ------------------------ODM object classes are held in 3 repositories:

HACMP - POWERHA Appl. Monitor Basics Build - Configure Clverify Commands - Cases Config too long DARE - Snapshot Disk Heartbeat Storage - VG, NFS

HMC - ISD ASMI HMC Basics - Console HMC CLI HMC/P7 Install ISD Basics RMC

NETWORK Basics - Devices, Routing Basics - Protocol, Subnet

/etc/objrepos:(Cu* classes and / (root) part of SWVPD) - CuDv (Customized Device): It contains entries for all device instances defined in the system. (A defined device has been created by the define method, but an actual device no necessarily should be attached to the system) - CuAt (Customized Attribute): It contains customized device-specific attribute information. Devices in CuDv have attibutes in PdAt and CuAt. Attributes taking the default value are found in PdAt, and attributes with customized values are in CuAt. - CuDep (Customized Dependency): It contains logical dependencies. (i.e. dependency between lv and a vg, physical device dependencies are stored in CuDv) - CuDvDr (Customized Device Driver): It stores the major and minor numbers of devices. (Some programs use these special files to access a certain device.) - CuVPD (Customized Vital Product Data): It contains vital product data (manufacturer of device, part number, and so forth) that is useful for technical support. When an error occurs with a specific device the vital product data is shown in the error log. - Config_Rules: There is one ODM object class which the cfgmgr uses to determine the correct sequence when configuring devices.

Basics - Vlan Commands Eth. Chan. Ethernet Adapter IVE - HEA Netcd NFS RSH - RCP Sendmail SSH - SCP SSH - X11 Telnet - FTP

NIM Basics Install LPP Source Machines

/usr/lib/objrepos:(Pd* classes and /usr part of SWVPD) - PdDv (Predefined Devices): It contains entries for all devices supported by system. A device that is not part of this could not be

MKSYSB Nimadm SPOT

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AIX for System Administrators

http://aix4admins.blogspot.mx/2011/08/odm-object-data-manager-it-is...

configured on AIX. - PdAt (Predefined Attribute): It contains attributes for each device represented in the PdDv object class. These attributes become the default values if they are not modified. Modified attributes are written to the CuAt. - PdCn (The Predefined Connection): It contains information about how devices physically connect to the system. - sm*: SMIT menu are located in the folowing files : sm_cmd_hdr, sm_cmd_opt,sm_name_hdr, sm_menu_opt

PERFORMANCE Basics CPU I/O - Disk, Adapter Memory Network svmon - RAM topas - nmon vmstat - CPU/RAM VMM concepts

/usr/share/lib/objrepos: (/usr/share part of SWVPD)

VIO

------------------------Software Vital Product Data Whenever installing a product or update an AIX, installp command uses ODM to maintain SWVPD. It contains name of the software, version, Applied, Commited.. SWVPD consists of 4 classes which are sored at 3 different places (see image above). 3 places of SWVPD: - /etc/objrepos: root part (/) of SWVPD The root part of the software contains the part of the product that cannot be shared among machines. - /usr/lib/objrepos: /usr part of SWVPD Software installed in the /usr-part can be shared among several machines with compatible hardware architectures. - /usr/share/lib/objrepos: /usr/share part of SWVPD These files are not hardware dependent, they can be shared among several machines even if the machines have a different hardware architecture To display classes stored at different places, change ODMDIR (i.e. ODMDIR=/usr/lib/objrepos) then rerun odmget command. (ODMDIR defaults to /etc/objrepos)

STORAGE Adapter Basics - SAN Basics - Settings EMC Hitachi HP EVA - SSA MPIO SDD

UPDATE - INSTALL Basics Commands IFIX

VIO Basics Commands AME - AMS

4 classes of SWVPD: - lpp: contains information about the installed program, state, description... (odmget -q name=Java14.sdk lpp) - inventory: contains information about the files associated with the program (odmget -q lpp_id=264 inventory) - product: contains information about the product, i.e: prerequisites (odmget -q lpp_name=Java14.sdk product) - history: contains historical information about the installation and updates (odmget -q lpp_id=264 history) These object classes are linked together by the lpp_id descriptor. -------------------------

CDROM - DVDROM LPM NIB - LA NPIV SEA Shared Storage Pool VIOS update/upgrade Virt. Eth. Ad. Virt. Proc.-Ent. Cap. VSCSI VSCSI - Stor. Pool

+EXTRAS

Object Classes:
+others alt_disk

PdDv, PdAt - CuDv, CuAt: Predefined device information describes all supported devices. Customized device information describes all devices that are actually attached to the system. If a device is to be configured, it must be corresponding Pd classes. If a device is in device driver has been loaded and a special the device drivers loaded into the kernel). loaded into the AIX kernel. part of the PdDv class. It is not possible to configure a device that is not defined in the the defined state, there is an entry in ODM class CuDv. When a device is available, the file is created in the /dev directory (these special files are used by applications to access The difference between the defined and available state is, that no device driver has been

awk - sed bash citrix java kdb ksh locale multibos perl profiles rbac Rsh samba screen script sudo vi

1. When a device is defined in AIX, the device must be defined in ODM class PdDv. 2. A device can be defined by either the cfgmgr (if the device is detectable), or by the mkdev command. Both commands use the define method to generate an instance in ODM class CuDv. The configure method is used to load a specific device driver and to generate an entry in the /dev directory. 3. At this point, you only have default attribute values in PdAt, which means for a terminal you could not log in (default is disable) and the terminal type is dumb. If you change the attributes, for example, log in to enable and term to ibm3151, you get objects describing the nondefault values in CuAt. ------------------------The lsdev command actually gets its information from the PdDv and CuDv files. The lsattr command actually queries the PdAt and CuAt files. ------------------------echo $ODMDIR default value is /etc/objrepos, it can be set in /etc/environment (odm commands (odmget..)will work in the dir which is set in $ODMDIR. You can change it, so you can find items (swvpd) from root or usr part)

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http://aix4admins.blogspot.mx/2011/08/odm-object-data-manager-it-is...

ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos ODMDIR=/usr/lib/objrepos

odm commands will get the /usr part of the SWVPD odm commands will get the / (root) part of the SWVPD create an ODM class delete an entire ODM class view the undelying layout of an object class (i.e: odmshow PdAt) queries objects in classes (odmget PdDv: will list all the predefined devices) add new objects to an object class delete objects (odmdelete -q name=paging00 -o CuAt) changes objects

odmcreate <descriptor_file.cre> odmdrop -o <object_class_name> odmshow <object_class_name> odmget ... odmadd ... odmdelete ... odmchange ...

Operators: = equal != not equal > greater >= greater than or equal to < less than <= less than or equal to like similar to; finds path names in character string data ? odmget -q "name like hdisk?" CuDv * odmget -q "name like hdisk*" CuDv some examples: odmget -q name=hdisk0 CuDv odmget -q "name=hdisk0 and attribute=pvid" CuAt odmget -q "lpp_name=bos.rte.filesystem and fix=52" product odmget -q "name like hdisk?" CuDv odmget -q "value3 like hdisk?" CuDvDr odmdelete -q "lpp_name=bos.rte.filesystem and fix=52" -o product ------------------------getlvodm -j <hdisk> getlvodm -t <vgid> getlvodm -v <vgname> getlvodm -p <hdisk> getlvodm -g <pvid> get the vgid for the hdisk from the odm get the vg name for the vgid from the odm get the vgid for the vg name from the odm get the pvid for the hdisk from the odm get the hdisk for the pvid from the odm

------------------------Changing Attribute Values: 1. odmdelete and odmadd commands -we want to change default block size to 1024: odmget -q"uniquetype=tape/vscsi/ost and attribute=block_size" PdAt PdAt: uniquetype = "tape/vscsi/ost" attribute = "block_size" deflt = "512" values = "0-2147483648,1" width = "" type = "R" generic = "DU" rep = "nr" nls_index = 2 -create a temporary file: odmget -q"uniquetype=tape/vscsi/ost and attribute=block_size" PdAt > ODM_tape_file -change the value to 1024: vi ODM_tape_file -before adding the new object, the old object must be deleted otherwise we would have 2 objects: odmdelete -q"uniquetype=tape/vscsi/ost and attribute=block_size" -o PdAt (if we have 2 objects with the same type, the 1st one will be used) -add the new object: odmadd ODM_tape_file (The first line of the file will contain which object class this entry should go (here PdAt) )

2. odmchange command (It does the same as the delete and the add operations, but all in one step) odmget -q name=et0 CuDv > ODM_et_file vi ODM_et_file odmchange -q name=et0 -o CuDv ODM_et_file ------------------------Fixing ODM problems of non-rootvg: 1.umount fs -> varyoffvg homevg 2.exportvg homevg 3.importvg -y homevg hdiskX for rootvg: rvgrecover -----------------Checking in which class to look for an entry: cd /etc/objrepos grep -l paging00 * ------------------

<--remove completely from ODM <--import vg by creating new ODM objects (-y: specify the vg name)

<--lists the name of the files (once) which contain matching line

FIXING FILESETS: (GENERAL) lppchk -v shows problems with a fileset and you don't want to (or can't) remove it: devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte 5.2.0.0 (not installed; requisite fileset)

1. save ODM tar -cvf /tmp/odm.tar /etc/objrepos /usr/lib/objrepos 2. check lpp_id

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http://aix4admins.blogspot.mx/2011/08/odm-object-data-manager-it-is...

odmget -q name=devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte lpp output will show lpp_id: ... lpp_id = 355 3. delete from /etc/objrepos (lpp,product, history, inventory) (check odmdir: echo $ODMDIR) export ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos odmdelete -q name=devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte -o lpp odmdelete -q lpp_name=devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte -o product odmdelete -q lpp_id="355" -o history odmdelete -q lpp_id="355" -o inventory 4. delete from /usr/lib/objrepos (lpp,product, history, inventory) (check odmdir: echo $ODMDIR) export ODMDIR=/usr/lib/objrepos odmdelete -q name=devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte -o lpp odmdelete -q lpp_name=devices.common.IBM.iscsi.rte -o product odmdelete -q lpp_id="355" -o history odmdelete -q lpp_id="355" -o inventory export ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos (sets back ODMDIR to its original value) check lppchk -v if it is OK now 5. (if needed) reinstall base fileset with force flag (then update) installp -aF -d /home/bb/bb1 all or update to the required level -----------------FIXING FILESETS: (SPECIFIC:bos.rte.printers) A fileset is in Broken state and no Base install fileset has been found (so we could not do a force install) (We had a good base fileset, and a failed updated fileset.) Plan: Clean up from ODM the failed updated fileset, then update again.) 1. lppchk -v shows: bos.rte.printers 5.3.10.1

(BROKEN)

2. checking where is it broken: lslpp -lc | grep bos.rte.printers /usr/lib/objrepos:bos.rte.printers:5.3.10.1::BROKEN:F:Front End Printer Support: /etc/objrepos:bos.rte.printers:5.3.8.0::COMMITTED:I:Front End Printer Support: 3. backing up ODM: tar -cvf /tmp/odm.etc.tar /etc/objrepos tar -cvf /tmp/odm.usr.lib.tar /usr/lib/objrepos 4. checking fileset in the ODM (ODMDIR is set here /etc first): odmget -q lpp_name=bos.rte.printers product <--fileset exists only here and here 5.3.8 version exists, mod=8) odmget -q lpp_name=bos.rte.printers lpp <--here nothing 5. export ODMDIR=/usr/lib/objrepos 6. now checking the ODM in /usr/lib/objrepos: odmget -q lpp_name=bos.rte.printers product <--problem occured at /usr, so ODMDIR has been changed to it

<--here 5.3.10 version exists, mod=10)

7. final check to identify the corect entry what we need to delete (mod=10) odmget -q "lpp_name=bos.rte.printers and mod=10" product <--mod=10 is the updated version odmget -q "lpp_name=bos.rte.printers and mod=8" product <--mod=8 is the base version 8. deleting from ODM: odmdelete -o product -q "lpp_name=bos.rte.printers and mod=10" 9. after that update was OK: smitty update_all 10. setting back ODMDIR (no problem if omitted): export ODMDIR=/etc/objrepos ------------------

<--updated version deleted

<--if login again it will be refreshed from /etc/environment

Changing ODM parameters of the HDLM driver: root@aix1 : /home/padmin # odmget PdAt > /tmp/PdAtbackup_091119 root@aix1 : /home/padmin # odmget -q"uniquetype=disk/fcp/Hitachi and attribute=reserve_policy" PdAt > /tmp/pdatreserve_policy Edit /tmp/pdatreserve_policy: PdAt: uniquetype = "disk/fcp/Hitachi" attribute = "reserve_policy" deflt = "no_reserve" values = "no_reserve,single_path,PR_exclusive,PR_shared" width = "" type = "R" generic = "DU" rep = "sl" nls_index = 96 # odmchange -o PdAt -q"uniquetype=disk/fcp/Hitachi and attribute=reserve_policy" /tmp/pdatreserve_policy -----------------Major/Minor numbers from ODM: odmget -q "value3=lp1" CuDvDr Should return something like: CuDvDr: resoure="devno" value1="15" value2="2" value3="lp1" The major number is 15 and minor 2.

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http://aix4admins.blogspot.mx/2011/08/odm-object-data-manager-it-is...

Labels: GENERAL

8 comments:
Mike January 12, 2012 at 4:00 AM Thanks a lot Reply

aix

January 12, 2012 at 8:00 AM

Welcome :) Reply

Anonymous January 31, 2012 at 12:42 PM where can i get ODM for HP EVA8000 arrays? Reply

aix

February 6, 2012 at 7:59 AM

This is written in the HP EVA documentation: "6. Download the devices.fcp.disk.HP.hsv.mpio.1.0.1.0.tar le from the following HP web site: http://h18006.www1.hp.com/products/sanworks/multipathoptions/index.html" Reply

Anonymous February 8, 2012 at 5:27 PM Is there an IBM doc that covers defining your own MPIO disk types using odmadd? I've got an R&D system with iscsi storage from a Solaris ZFS array. The disks are not being detected as MPIO despite being capable of it. I'd like to create my own ODM definition but I'm having trouble finding information on the topic. Reply

aix

February 9, 2012 at 9:19 AM

I could only find an IBM course: AW15 - AIX 5L Quickstart for UNIX Professionals There is an exercise about this: "At the end of the exercise you should be able to: - Define the meaning of the most important ODM files - Work with the ODM command line interface - Describe how ODM classes are used from device configuration commands An optional part provides how to create self-defined ODM classes, which is very interesting for AIX system programmers." Unfortunately I don't have that exercise :( Reply

Anonymous January 27, 2013 at 8:58 PM Perfect site, congratulations. This here is just extract of the most important from Advance Administration and Problem Determination course. Very useful Reply Replies aix January 28, 2013 at 9:11 AM

Thanks :)

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