Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
21/10/13
Learning outcomes
List the winners and losers of WW1 (and their side Allies or central powers) Explain the reason for and conclusions of the Paris peace conference List the countries and their leaders who took part in the Paris peace conference Say what each country wanted from the conference and why they wanted this
Palace of Versailles
Woodrow Wilson
President of the USA. Wilson was an idealist and reformer, who wanted to build a better and more peaceful world. He didnt want the Treaty to be too harsh as he believed this would lead to revenge. He wanted to set up a peace keeping body The League of Nations Wilson did not understand the deep feelings of hatred in Europe.
George Clemenceau
President of France. Clemenceau had seen France invaded by Germany in 1870 and 1914, he wanted to make sure this would never happen again. France had suffered greatly during the War they wanted compensation and revenge. Uncompromising.
Vittorio Orlando
Italian Prime Minister. Wanted land and territory for Italy. Self determination stopped Italy getting the lands especially Fiume. Walked out of the meeting when he didnt get his way in April 1919. Returned to sign the Treaty in May.
Can you work out the message behind this cartoon? How useful are cartoons in understanding the reaction of ordinary Germans to the Treaty of Versailles?
3. Germany was forbidden to have submarines or an air force. She could have a navy of only six battleships, and an Army of just 100,000 men. In addition, Germany was not allowed to place any troops in the Rhineland, the strip of land, 50 miles wide, next to France. 4. Germany lost Territory (land) in Europe (see map, below). Germanys colonies were given to Britain and France. (Also, Germany was forbidden to join the League of Nations, or unite with Austria.)
Stop aggression
Disarmament
Membership
42 members - by 1930s 59 Defeated countries could not join e.g. Germany Russia excluded because communist USA did not join - isolation from world affairs A club for the victorious?
Structure
The Council
The Assembly
Each country one vote
Met several times a year and in emergencies 5 permanent members Each had right to veto any idea
Permanent court of International Justice The Secretariat Based at The Hague Settle disputes peacefully Kept records - civil service No power of enforcement
Weaknesses of League
USA didnt join No real power - relied on goodwill and persuasion No permanent army Disarmament not realistic Structure a disaster - everyone had to agree before any action taken