QUESTIONS 1. How do the specific heats of the samples compare with the specific heat of water?

2. The specific heat is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. The relationship between heat and temperature change is usually expressed in the form shown below where c is the specific heat. The relationship does not apply if a phase change is encountered, because the heat added or removed during a phase change does not change the temperature. Q= CM(delta T) Q= heat added C= specific heat M= mass delta T= the change in temp. The specific heat of water is 1 calorie/gram C = 4.186 joule/gram C which is higher than any other common substance. As a result, water plays a very important role in temperature regulation. The specific heat per gram for water is much higher than that for a metal, as described in the water-metal example. For most purposes, it is more meaningful to compare the molar specific heats of substances. The molar specific heats of most solids at room temperature and above are nearly constant, in agreement with the Law of Dulong and Petit. At lower temperatures the specific heats drop as quantum processes become significant. The low temperature behaviour is described by the Einstein-Debye model of specific heat.

3. 2. What does it mean when a certain material has a high or low specific heat capacity? 2 2 high specific heat capacity means that the material takes more energy to heat up and more reduction
of energy to cool down. A low specific heat capacity means the opposite, and it can have rapid changes in temperature. Metals generally have a low specific heat capacity, that's why their temperature can change so quickly. Water on the other hand, has a very high specific heat capacity, that's why a pool has a lower temperature than the air during the summer, because it doesn't have enough time to reach equilibrium with its surroundings.

4. Do substances that heat up quickly normally have high or low specific heat capacity?
A) Low specific heat capacity Specific heat refers to the amount of heat it takes to raise 1 kelvin of one gram of substance. So if a substance heats up quickly, it does not need that much heat to raise its temperature. Hence, it has a low specific heat.

4. Discuss any unwanted heat loss or gain that might have affected your results? 5. If the metal specimens placed in the calorimeter containing cold water was wet, how would the value obtained for specific heat be affected? Why?

1. Name two unwanted heat loss and/or gain that might have affected the results of your experiment. 2. List the materials used (aluminum, copper, lead, and water) according to their specific heat from lowest to highest. 3. What does it mean when a certain material has a high specific heat? A low specific heat?
The short answer: How quickly a material's temperature increases when energy (e.g., heat) is applied. Example Frying pan (metal) low specific heat capacity heats and cools quickly water high specific heat capacity - heats and cools slowly

4. How does the quantity of heat transferred depend on specific heat, mass, and initial temperature of the sample? Assuming the mass of cold water is the same for each trial. 5. Application question: A king decreed that there be made three equally massive coffee mugs, one made of gold for him, one of iron for his army chief and one of aluminum for the court jester. The king always complains that his coffee is too hot while the jester complains his is too cold. Can you think of an explanation for this? The mugs hold equal volumes of coffee.