Faculty of Higher Education, City College Plymouth

Foundation Degree Tourism

FDAP200 Fieldwork: Roman and Early Medieval

Figure 1: Re-enactors at West Stow Anglo Saxon Village 2008; and

a member of the Ermine Street Guard at the University of Exeter, November 2009

Module Guide 2009-10

Lectures are on Monday 10.00-11.30, Room: K303
Module Leader: Win Scutt, K207, Tel. 01752.305332
E-mail wscutt@cityplym.ac.uk
This Handbook is available on Moodle at http://moodle.cityplym.ac.uk
Please use it in conjunction with the FdSc Archaeological Practice
Student Handbook, also available on Moodle.
Published on Scribd 2009 [online] City College Plymouth, Foundation Degree in
Archaeological Practice:Fieldwork: Roman and Early Medieval Module Guide 2009-10
Published on Scribd 2009 [online] http://www.scribd.com

© City College Plymouth 2009

Contents
1. Description of the module ..............................................................................................1

2. Teaching and learning strategies...................................................................................1

3. Learning outcomes.........................................................................................................1

4. Managing your study time in FDAP200..........................................................................2

5. Study skills......................................................................................................................2

6. Lecture programme .......................................................................................................4

7. Weekly readings to support the lecture programme......................................................6

8. Field trip to Bath ............................................................................................................9

9. Moodle...........................................................................................................................9

10. Assessment Schedule and Deadlines........................................................................10

11. Assessment Briefs and Criteria .................................................................................10

12. Report, Journal and Essay submission......................................................................11

14. Key texts ....................................................................................................................13

15. Links to useful websites for FDAP200 ......................................................................18

1. Description of the module
The aim of this module is to enable students to uses Roman and Early Medieval
Archaeology as a context within which to further develop a range of non-intrusive
investigative skills and theoretical understanding. The three main strands explored in the
module are the economic and social changes in Britain 43AD to 1066, the theoretical
background, and geophysical techniques.

Following on from the two first year fieldwork modules FDAP100 and FDAP101, this
fieldwork module further develops students’ skills in non-intrusive investigation, chiefly
geophysical survey. The module also completes the broad overview of the archaeology of
different periods of the human past. In the first year, students were given outline
introductions to early prehistory (FDAP105), later prehistory (FDAP101) and the historical
period since the Norman Conquest. This module fills the gap between the Roman and
Norman conquests.

2. Teaching and learning strategies

Student learning is based on a combination of staff-led lectures, seminar activities and
fieldwork. This introductory module emphasises oral, visual and written communication
skills, which are taught explicitly and assessed. For instance, assessment criteria for the
report include clarity of expression, development of a logical structure, ability to draw upon
a wide range of academic literature and depth of understanding demonstrated. Group
work, numeracy and ICT skills are also developed in this module.

3. Learning outcomes
On successful completion of this module, students will be able to:

1. demonstrate a knowledge and critical understanding of Roman and Early Medieval

archaeology
2. demonstrate competence in applying a range of established techniques and skills
to initiate and undertake critical analyses of archaeological investigations.
3. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main methods of inquiry relating
to sites and landscapes of the Roman and Early Medieval periods.
4. use a range of established geophysical techniques, initiate and undertake a critical
analysis of information and prepare strategies for further investigation.

1
4. Managing your study time in FDAP200
A module at City College Plymouth entails roughly 200 hours of study over a 30 week
period. These 200 hours indicate the quantity of work that is expected to successfully
complete the module. A typical hourly breakdown for this module might look like this:

TOFD100 Study Hours

Class time (lectures and seminars) and fieldwork 50
Reviewing class notes 10
Essay and Report preparation 65
Geophysical Fieldwork 35
Assigned and background reading 30
Revision, review material and end-module test 10
TOTAL 200

Class time equates to approximately 1.5 hours per week. This leaves 5 hours per week
of private study that you should devote to this module. You should expect the majority of
your learning related to this subject to take place outside of the classroom. Therefore,
you are encouraged to establish constructive study habits in order to facilitate your
learning. Experience shows that students who keep pace with required and
recommended readings and allow ample time for preparation tend to earn good marks.
By reading relevant materials before attending a lecture on a set topic you are better
prepared to absorb the content presented.

5. Study skills
Many helpful study skills books for university students have also been published. The
following sources relate to one or more of the study skills that are emphasised in this
module. Others not appearing on this list may prove helpful to you as well. We strongly
recommend that you obtain at least one such skills book to guide your study of
Archaeological Practice. Consider it a sound investment in the personal library you
should aim at building during the course of your studies. If your finances are limited, the
library has many helpful study skills books available for loan or in-library use.

Learn to dip into books briefly to extract only the sections you need. Developing this
skill will assist you later in the course as you undertake further assignments, especially
the Research Skills module.

Please note that these sources appear in the Harvard style. This is the format you will
need to use for all bibliographic entries made in your Archaeological Practice
assignments.

Burns, T. and Sinfield, S. (2009) Essential study skills: The complete guide to success
@ university, 2nd ed. London: Sage Publications.

2
Clark, G. and Wareham, T. (2003) Geography @ university: making the most of your
geography degree and courses. London: Sage Publications.

Cottrell, S. (2009) The study skills handbook, 3rd ed. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.

Cottrell, S. (2005) Critical thinking skills: developing effective analysis and argument.
Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Drew, S. and Bingham, R. (2004) The student skills guide, 2nd ed. Aldershot, Hampshire:
Gower.

Germov, J. (2000) Get great marks for your essays, 2nd ed. St Leonards, NSW: Allan
and Unwin.

Hart, C. (2001) Doing a literature search: a comprehensive guide for the social sciences.
London: Sage Publications.

Jaques, D. (1995) Learning in groups, 2nd ed. London: Kogan Page.

Korte, G.B. (1997) The GIS book, 4th ed. Santa Fe, NM: OnWord Press.

Langan, J. (1982) Reading and study skills, 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book
Company.

Lashley, C. and Best, W. (2001) 12 steps to study success. London: Continuum.

Lennon, J.J. ed. (2003) Tourism statistics: international perspectives and current issues.
London: Continuum.

* Levin, P. (2004) Write great essays! Maidenhead: Open University Press.

McIlroy, D. (2003) Studying @ university: how to be a successful student. London: Sage

Publications.

Race, P. (1993) 500 tips for students. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Rogers, A. and Viles, H.A. eds. (2003) The student’s companion to Geography, 2nd ed.
Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Saunders, D. ed. (1994) The complete student handbook. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Smith, M. and Smith, G. (1996) A study skills handbook. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.

Van Emden, J. (2004) Presentation skills for students. Houndmills, Basingstoke:

Palgrave Macmillan.

3
*Highly recommended

The University of Plymouth has also produced a range of useful study guides on
studying, writing, presenting and learning. These are available under Study Guides on
the main FdSc Archaeological Practice Moodle page. You should also refer to the FdSc
Archaeological Practice Style Manual, especially for Harvard Referencing.

6. Lecture programme
Room: K303 Day: Monday Time: 10.00pm-11.30pm
Session Date Topic Lecturer

Introduction to the Module

5 October
1 First Contact: Romans on the far shore Win Scutt
2009
Literary Sources

12 October
2 Introduction to Geophysics Peter Nicholas
2009

20-23 October Fieldwork: Geophysical Survey Training

3 Peter Nicholas
2009 Four day field course.

Study Review Week

9 November Geophysical Survey Presentation and

4 Peter Nicholas
2009 Practical Assessments

The Claudian Conquest

16 November
5 Urbanism, Communications and Coinage Win Scutt
2009
Expansion, Consolidation, Rebellion

23 November
6 Field Trip to Roman Bath Win Scutt
2009

The Northern Frontiers

30 November
7 Agricola, Hadrian’s Wall, The Antonine Wall Win Scutt
2009
and the Gask Frontier

7 December Small Towns, Markets and Trade;

8 Win Scutt
2009 The Countryside

16-21
Field Trip: Hadrian’s Wall and Theoretical
9 December Win Scutt
Archaeology Group (TAG) Conference
2009

Christmas Vacation

10 4 January Third Century and Carausius Win Scutt

4
 2010

11 January
11 Religion Win Scutt
2010

18 January
12 Adventus Saxonum Win Scutt
2010

25 January
13 4-6th Century Funerary Rites Win Scutt
2010

Study Review Week

14 1 March 2010 Middle Saxon Settlement and Economy Win Scutt

15 8 March 2010 Saxon Urbanisation and Defence Win Scutt

15 March
16 Vikings Win Scutt
2010

22 March
17 Christianity Win Scutt
2010

29 March
18 Assessed Presentations Win Scutt
2010

Easter Vacation

19 19 April 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work Win Scutt

20 26 April 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work Win Scutt

21 3 May 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work Win Scutt

5
7. Weekly readings to support the lecture programme
This module employs a required textbook.
Readings are assigned each week using the
required text below:

Salway, P. (2008) Roman Britain Oxford:

Oxford Paperbacks

Make sure you have read the relevant

sections before the lecture each week. You
will be expected to be aware of the key
concepts, ideas, theories and terminology
covered in the module textbook.

Figure 2: Front Cover of Peter Salway’s

History of Roman Britain

Hingley, R. (2008) “Not so Romanized? Tradition, reinvention or discovery in the study of

Roman Britain” World Archaeology 40:3, 427 – 443

James, S. & Millett, M. 9eds.) (2001) Britons and Romans: advancing an archaeological agenda
CBA Research Report No 125 (2001) [online]

Greep, S. (ed.) (1993) Roman Towns: the Wheeler inheritance A review of 50 years' research
CBA Research Report No 93 [online]

Week Date Topic Sources

First Contact: Romans on the far shore Salway 2008, 1-54;

5 October
1 Literary Sources Caesar De Bello Gallico
2009
Numismatics Workshop [online]

An Introduction to Geophysical Survey Geophysical Survey in Field

12 October Evaluation [online]
2 Techniques
2009 Fluxgate Gradiometer
Instruction Manual [online]

3 20-23 October Fieldwork: Geophysical Survey Training Archaeological Geophysics:

2009 A Short Guide [online]
4 day field course
David, A. (2008)
Assessment Briefing Geophysical survey in

6
 Archaeological Field
Evaluation, English Heritage
[online]
Gaffney, Gater and
Ovenden 2002 IFA Guide
[online]
The English Heritage
Geophysical Survey
Database [online]

Study Review Week

9 November
4 Practical Assessment and Presentations
2009

Salway 2008, 55-75;

Suetonius’ Life of Claudius
[online]
The Claudian Conquest Salway 2008, 359-486
16 November
5 Urbanism, Communications and Coinage James and Millett 2001
2009
Expansion, Consolidation, Rebellion [online]
Greep 1993, 1-98 [online]
Salway 2008, 76-126;
Hingley, R. (2008)

23 November
6 Field Trip
2009

The Northern Frontiers

30 November Agricola, Hadrian’s Wall, The Antonine Wall
7 Salway 2008,127-232
2009 and the Gask Frontier
Third Century and Carausius

7 December Small Towns, Markets and Trade;

8 Salway 2008, 410-486
2009 The Countryside

16-21
Field Trip: Hadrian’s Wall and Theoretical
9 December
Archaeology Group (TAG) Conference
2009

Christmas Vacation

4 January
10 The Fourth Century Salway 2008, 233-331
2010

11 January Salway 2008, 487-550

11 Religion
2010 Henig 1995 [partly online]

12 18 January Adventus Saxonum Salway 2008, 307-358

7
 2010

25 January Hunter & Ralston 1999,

13 4-6th Century Funerary Rites
2010 176-193

Study Review Week

14 1 March 2010 Middle Saxon Settlement and Economy Hinton 1990, 21-63

15 8 March 2010 Saxon Urbanisation and Defence Hinton 1990, 64-105

15 March Hunter & Ralston 199,

16 Vikings
2010 194-209

22 March
17 Christianity
2010

29 March
18 Assessed Presentations
2010

Easter Vacation

19 19 April 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work

20 26 April 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work

21 3 May 2010 Feedback on Assessed Work

8
8. Field trip to Bath

This module includes a one-day field trip to

Roman Bath.

You are to make your own way to Bath. We shall

meet at the entrance to the Roman Baths
Museum at 11.00am

Figure 3: St Paul's and the Millennium

Bridge, London (Photo: Win Scutt)

Figure 4 Roman Bath, Bath (Photo: Doug Wheller on Flickr)

9. Moodle
This module is fully supported by
Moodle. Check the site for notices
and learning material frequently and
daily if possible. Make sure you have
entered your usual email address on
Moodle and check your emails on a
regular basis as any messages from
tutors or other students will go there
via Moodle. You will find a range of
information including learning
materials, staff details, and the FdSc
Archaeological Practice Student
Handbook.
Figure 5: Archaeological Practice Year 2 on Moodle

9
10. Assessment Schedule and Deadlines

Proportion
Assessment component of module Deadline
marks (%)

1. Geophysical Practical 25% 20-23 Oct 2009

2. Geophysical Report 25% 16.00, Fri 20 Nov 2009

3. Journal entry on Roman Bath visit 10% 16.00, Fri 27 Nov 2009

4. Journal entry on Hadrian’s Wall visit 10% 16.00, Fri 2 January 2010

5. Presentation and Report 30% 10.00, Mon 29 March 2010

TOTAL 100%

Assessment items are each marked out of 100 percent. Item marks are then weighted to
their percent of the module total, and the weightings summed to yield the module total.
All assignments should be submitted on or before the due date. Please check your
Student Handbook for regulations and the assessment framework.

11. Assessment Briefs and Criteria

Assignment 1: Geophysical Survey Practical

This assignment relates to the following learning outcomes

• demonstrate competence in applying a range of established techniques and skills
to initiate and undertake critical analyses of archaeological investigations.
• use a range of established geophysical techniques, initiate and undertake a critical
analysis of information and prepare strategies for further investigation.

Brief: Attend the four day field course 20-23 October 2009 and demonstrate practical
skills in geophysical survey.

Assignment 2: Geophysical Survey Report

Write a report on the geophysical survey you have carried out. Word-limit 2000 words.
You will be assessed on the following criteria:

Pre-survey and planning 30 marks

Factors affecting site, layout of grid, geology, types of features likely to be detected
(Roman and Early Medieval) and choice of Resistivity/Gradiometry. Consider sites at
following locations Houndtor, Mawgan Porth, Nanstallon, Magor and the type of features
you would expect to find.
Field set Up 30 marks
Laying out Grids, direction of traverse, traverse problems.

10
Procedures for setting up machine, quiet spot and zeroing.
Data collection, adjusting pace, direction of machine.
Post Field data analysis 40 marks
Downloading data
Grids and composites
Basic processing for Gradiometer and Resistivity
Use of palette features for statistical analysis
Types of Plot and their uses
Identifying feature footprints from a print out – archaeology and probable archaeology.

Assignment 3: Journal
Your journal entry must be a maximum of 500 words. You are to reflect on the evidence
for civilian life in a Roman city.

This assignment relates to the following learning outcomes

1. demonstrate a knowledge and critical understanding of Roman and Early Medieval

archaeology
2. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main methods of inquiry relating
to sites and landscapes of the Roman and Early Medieval periods.

Assignment 4: Journal
Your journal entry must be a maximum of 500 words. You are to reflect on the evidence
for military practice on Hadrian’s Wall.

This assignment relates to the following learning outcomes

1. demonstrate a knowledge and critical understanding of Roman and Early Medieval

archaeology
2. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main methods of inquiry relating
to sites and landscapes of the Roman and Early Medieval periods.

Assignment 5: Presentation and Report

In groups of 3 students, prepare and present an illustrated 20 minute presentation,
accompanied by a 1500 word summary report, on the theme “The evidence for the rise
of urbanism in early medieval England.”

This assignment relates to the following learning outcomes

1. demonstrate a knowledge and critical understanding of Roman and Early Medieval

archaeology
2. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main methods of inquiry relating
to sites and landscapes of the Roman and Early Medieval periods.

12. Report, Journal and Essay submission

11
It is your responsibility to submit your work on time and in the correct format and
place. You must submit your work digitally through Moodle.

To submit a journal entry, go to the Moodle page for your module and click on the
‘Journals’ button from the menu on the left hand side of the page. Write your journal in
the space provided for the appropriate journal.

To submit an assignment electronically, go to the Moodle page for your module and click
on the ‘Assignments’ button from the menu on the left hand side of the page. Click on
the relevant assignment title and submit your assignment by using ‘file upload’ option.
Use the browse facility to locate the file you want to upload then press ‘submit’ to send
the document to the Module Leader.

You will see a confirmation message from Moodle that your assignment has been
submitted successfully. If you do not receive a confirmation message shortly after
sending your file, you have not submitted the work correctly. Try again following the
above steps carefully. Moodle will automatically email the Module Leader to report that
you have submitted your assignment.

If it is not possible for you to submit your assignment through Moodle for any reason,
under special circumstances it is possible for you to email your work to the module
leader. If this is not possible either, you may submit a hard copy to the HE Faculty Office
where you must obtain a receipt for your work. However you submit your work, you must
do it before the deadline or you will receive a zero mark for your work.

The electronic version of your coursework must be in MS Word and labelled with your
surname, the module code and mode of assessment. For example, the file for
your essay should be named as follows: FDAP200Surnameessay.doc.
N.B. Always retain at least one complete hard copy, one electronic copy and one
back up electronic copy of the final version of your submitted work. You are
encouraged to save your work on your student computer account at City College
Plymouth for added security.

If you realise you have made a mistake with your electronic submission then you must
contact the Module Leader. It is important that you upload your file well before the
submission deadline to give you time to contact the Module Leader if anything goes
wrong. If you e-mail the Module Leader on the date and time the submission is due, the
Module Leader may not be sympathetic, unless there is an officially reported fault. On
another technical note, the software does not like very long file names – so please make
sure that your file name (the one you upload from your computer or disk) is short and
succinct – no more than 20 letters. It should follow the following format:
FDAP200Surnameessay.doc. If you have a long surname, shorten your name using
the first six letters.

You are reminded that it is your personal responsibility to ensure that your work is
submitted on time and in the correct manner and format.

12
14. Key texts
Essential Reading:
Caesar, The Conquest of Gaul, Penguin 1982.
Tacitus, The Agricola in The Agricola and Germania, Penguin 1970.
Ireland S., Roman Britain, A Sourcebook, 2nd ed. London 1996.
Salway P., Roman Britain, Oxford 1984 / History of Roman Britain, Oxford 2001.

General
Clayton P., A Companion to Roman Britain, London 1980.
Cunliffe B., The Ancient Celts, Oxford 1998.
Darvill T., Prehistoric Britain, London 1987.
de la Bédoyère G., The Finds of Roman Britain, London 1989.
de la Bédoyère G., The Golden Age of Roman Britain, Stroud 1999.
de la Bédoyère G., Companion to Roman Britain, Stoud, 1999
de la Bédoyère G., Eagles over Britannia, Stroud, 2001
Frere S. & St. Joseph J.K.S., Roman Britain from the Air, Cambridge 1983.
James S. & Rigby V., Britain and the Celtic Iron Age, London. 1997
Johns, C., The Jewellery of Roman Britain, London 1996.
Johns C., The Snettisham Roman Jeweller's Hoard, London 1997.
Jones B. & D. Mattingly An Atlas of Roman Britain, Oxford 1990.
Keppie L. J. F., Scotland's Roman Remains, 2nd ed., Edinburgh, 1998.
Millett M., The Romanisation of Britain, Cambridge 1990.
Peddie J. Invasion: the Roman Invasion of Britain, Sutton 1987.
Salway P., The Frontier People of Roman Britain, Cambridge 1965.
Salway, P. The Roman Era: The British Isles 55 BC-AD 410 (Oxford 2002)
Thomas, C., Celtic Britain, London 1997.
Todd M., Research on Roman Britain 1960-89, London 1989.
Todd, M. A Companion to Roman Britain (Oxford 2004)
Wacher, John, Portrait of Roman Britain London, 2000.
Welch, K. & A. Powell, Julius Caesar as Artful Reporter (London 1998)

Survey Histories
Breeze D.J., Roman Scotland, Frontier Country, London 1996.
Cleary S.E. The Ending of Roman Britain, London 1989.
Dark K., Britain and the End of the Roman Empire, Stroud, 2000
Faulkner N., The Decline and Fall of Roman Britain, Stroud, 2000.
Frere S., Britannia, London 1987.
Hill S. & Ireland S. Roman Britain, London 1996.
Jones, B., The End of Roman Britain, Cornell 1996.
Johnson S., Later Roman Britain, London 1982.
Liversidge J., Britain in the Roman Empire, London 1968.
Millett M., English Hertiage Book of Roman Britain, London 1995.
Nistor V., De-scribing the End of Roman Britain, Bucharest, 1996.
Potter T.W., Roman Britain, 2nd ed. London 1997.
Shotter, D., Roman Britain, London, 1998.

13
Todd M., Roman Britain 55 BC - AD 400, Fontana 1981, 1997.
Wacher J., Roman Britain, London 1978.

Historical Events
Casey P.J. Carausius and Allectus, London 1994.
Dudley D.R. & Webster G., The Rebellion of Boudicca, London 1962.
Grainge, G. The Roman Channel Crossing of AD 43 Oxford 2002
Hanson W.S., Agricola and the Conquest of the North, London 1987.
Manley, J. AD 43, the Roman Invasion of Britain Stroud 2002.
Sealey P., The Boudican Revolt Against Rome, Shire 1997.
Shiel N., The Episode of Carausius and Allectus, Oxford 1977.
Webster G., Rome Against Caratacus, London 1984.

Administration & Personnel

Barrett A.A. 'The Career of Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus' Britannia 10 (1979) 227-42.
Birley A.R., The People of Roman Britain, London 1979.
Birley A.R., The Fasti of Roman Britain, Oxford 1981.
Birley A.R. 'Virius Lupus', Archaeologia Aeliana 50 (1972) 179-89.
Birley A.R. Petillius Cerialis and the Conquest of Brigantia', Britannia 4 (1973) 179-90.
Birley, A., Garrison Life at Vindolanda, A Band of Brothers, Stroud, 2002.
Black E.W., Cursus Publicus, Oxford 1995.
Braund D., 'Observations on Cartimandua' Britannia15 (1984) 1-6.
Braund D., Rome and The Friendly King, London 1984.
Braund D., Ruling Roman Britain, Kings Queens, Governors and Emperors from Julius
Caesar to Agricola, London 1996.
Brassington M., 'Ulpius Marcellus', Britannia11 (1980) 314-15.
Holder P.A., The Roman Army in Britain, London 1982.
Phang, S. E., The Marriage of Roman Soliders (13 BC - AD 235), Leiden, 2001.
Rankov N.B., 'M. Oclatinus Adventus in Britain', Britannia18 (1987) 243-9.
Ward J.H., 'Vortigern and the End of Roman Britain', Britannia 3 (1972) 277-89.

Tribes
Branigan K., The Catuvellauni, Sutton 1985.
Cunliffe B., The Regni, Duckworth 1973.
Detsicas A., The Cantiaci, Sutton 1983.
Dunnett R., The Trinovantes, Duckworth 1975.
Hartley B. & Fitts L., The Brigantes, Sutton 1988.
Higham N. & Jones B., The Carvetii, Sutton 1985.
Ramm H., The Parisi, Duckworth 1978.
Todd M., The Coritani, Duckworth 1991.
Webster G., The Cornovii, Duckworth 1991.

Forts
Bidwell P., Roman Forts in Britain, English Heritage 1997.
Breeze D.J., Roman Forts in Britain, Shire 1983.
Cotterill J., 'Saxon Raiding and the Role of the Late Roman Coastal Forts of Britain',
Britannia24 (1993) 227-39.
Johnson A., Roman Forts of the 1st & 2nd Centuries in Britain and the Provinces of
14
Germany, London 1983.
Rylatt M., Lunt Roman Fort, Coventry 1990.
Sommer C.S. The Military Vici of Roman Britain, Oxford 1984.
Welfare H. & Swan V., Roman Camps in England: the Field Archaeology, London 1995.
Wilson R.J.A., Roman Forts, London 1980.

Hadrian's Wall and the Frontiers

Bidwell P., Hadrian's Wall 1989-1999, A Summary of Recent
Excavations and Research, Carlisle, 1999.
Birley R., Vindolanda, A Frontier Post on Hadrian's Wall, London
1977.
Breeze D.J., The Northern Frontiers of Britain, London 1982.
Breeze D.J. & Dobson B., Hadrian's Wall, Penguin 1987.
Crow J., English Heritage Book of Housesteads, London 1995.
Ewin A., Hadrian's Wall, A Social and Cultural History, Lancaster, 2000
Graham F., Hadrian's Wall in the Time of the Romans, Newcastle 1983.
Graham F., Birdoswald, Bewcastle & Castlesteads in the Days of the Romans,
Newcastle 1982.
Graham F., Benwell to Chesters in the Days of the Romans, Newcastle 1982.
Graham F., The Outpost Forts of Hadrian's Wall in the Days of the Romans, Newcastle
1983.
Hanson W.S. & Maxwell G.S., Rome's North West Frontier, Edinburgh 1983.
Hassall M., 'The Date of the Rebuilding of Hadrian's Wall in Stone', Britannia 15 (1984)
242-4.
Johnston D.E., The Saxon Shore, London 1977.
Johnson J., Chesters Roman Fort, London 1990.
Johnson S., English Heritage Book of Hadrian's Wall, London 1989.
Johnson S., The Roman Forts of the Saxon Shore, London 1979.
Jones G.D.B. & Wooliscroft D. J., Hadrian's Wall from the Air, Stroud, 2001.
Maxfield V., The Saxon Shore, Exeter 1989.
Shotter D., The Roman Frontier, 1996.
Taylor D. J. A., The Forts on Hadrian's Wall, Oxford, 2000.
Whittaker, C.R. Frontiers of the Roman Empire, Baltimore & London, 1994.
Woodside R., Crow, J., Hadrian's Wall, An Historic Landscape, London, 1999

Roads
Davies, H. Roads in Roman Britain Stroud 2002.
Livingston H., In the Footsteps of Caesar, Shepperton 1995.
Margary I.D., Roman Roads in Britain, London 1973.
Selkirk R., On the Trail of the Legions, Ipswich 1995.
Viatores, The Roman Roads in the SE Midlands, London 1964.

Towns
Barker P., White, R., The Baths Basilica Wroxeter, Excavations 1966-90, 1997
Bidwell P.T. Roman Exeter, Fortress & Town, Exeter 1980.
Bird J., Hassall M., Sheldon H., Interpreting Roman London, Oxford 1996.
Boon G.C., Silchester, Newton Abbot 1974.
Brown A.E., Roman Small Towns in Eastern England and Beyond, Oxford 1995.
15
Burnham B.C., The Small Towns of Roman Britain, London 1990.
Carrington, P. Deva Victrix: Roman Chester Re-assessed Chester 2002.
Crickmore J., Romano-British Urban Settlement in the W. Midlands, Oxford 1984.
Crummy P., City of Victory, The Story of Colchester, Colchester 1997.
Cunliffe B., Fishbourne, London 1974.
Cunliffe B., Roman Bath Discovered, London 1984.
Cunliffe B., Roman Bath, London 1995.
de la Bédoyère G., The Buildings of Roman Britain, London 1991.
de la Bédoyère G., English Heritage Book of Roman Towns in Britain, London 1992.
Down A., Roman Chichester, Chichester 1988.
Haynes I., Sheldon H., Hannigan L., London Under Ground, The Archaeology of a City,
Oxford, 2000.
Hurst, H. (ed.) The coloniae of Roman Britain: new studies and a review: papers of the
con. - Portsmouth, R. I. : Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary series, 1999.
Jones G.D.B., Roman Manchester, Altrincham 1974.
Marsden P., Roman London, London 1980.
Mason D. J. P. Roman Chester, City of the Eagles, Stroud, 2000.
Merrifield R., London, City of the Romans, London 1983.
Milne G., The Port of London, Batsford 1985.
Milne, G., English Heritage Book of Roman London, London 1995.
Niblett, R. Verulamium, the Roman City of St Albans Stroud 2001
Ottaway P. English Heritage Book of Roman York, London 1993.
Perring, D., Roman London, London 1991.
Perring, D., The Roman House in Britain, London, 2002.
Rivet A.L.F. & Smith C., The Place Names of Roman Britain, London 1981.
Wacher J., The Civitas Capitals of Roman Britain, Leicester 1966.
Wacher J., The Towns of Roman Britain, 2nd ed. London 1995.
Wacher, J. The Archaeology of Roman Towns Oxford 2003.
Wacher J. & McWhirr A.D., Early Roman Occupation at Cirencester, Cirencester 1982.
White R., & Barker P., Wroxeter, Life and Death of a Roman City, Stroud 1989.
Zeepvat R.J., Roman Milton Keynes, Aylesbury 1987.

Countryside
de la Bédoyère G., English Heritage Book of Roman Villas and the Countryside, London
1993.
Dark K. & P., The Landscape of Roman Britain, Stroud 1997.
Hingley R., Rural Settlement in Roman Britain, London 1989.
Percival J., The Roman Villa, London 1976.
Putnam B., Roman Dorset, Dovecote, 1984.
Rivet A.L.F., Town and Country in Roman Britain, London 1958.
Whitwell J.B., Roman Lincolnshire, Lincoln 1992.

Industry
Sim, D. and Ridge, I. Iron for the Eagles: the Iron Industry of Roman Britain Stroud
2002.
Wilson, P. and Price, J. Aspects of Industry in Roman Yorkshire and the North Oxford
2003.

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Art
Bird J., Roman Glass in Britain, Shire, 1998.
Bird, J., Form and Fabric: Studies in Rome's Material Past in Honour of B. R.
Hartley,Oxford, 1998.
Davey N., Wall-Painting in Roman Britain, London 1982.
Henig M., The Art of Roman Britain, London 1995.
Laing J., Art and Society in Roman Britain, London 1998.
Neale D.S., Roman Mosaics in Britain, London 1981.
Neale, D.S. and Cosh, A.R. Roman Mosaics of Britain vol. 1 Northern Britain
incorporating the Midlands and East Anglia London 2002.
Philp B., The Roman Painted House at Dover, Dover 1981.
Rainey A. Mosaics in Roman Britain, Newton Abbot 1973.
Scott S., Art and Society in Fourth-Century Britain: Villa Mosaics in Context, Oxford,
2000

Religion
Allason-Jones L, Coventina's Well, Hexham 1985.
Chadwick N.K., The Druids, Cardiff 1966.
Clauss, M. The Roman Cult of Mithras Edinburgh 2000.
Cunliffe B., The Temple of Sulis Minerva at Bath, Oxford 1988.
De la Bedoyere, Gods with Thunderbolts, Religion in Roman Britain Stroud 2002.
Fishwick D., The Imperial Numen in Roman Britain', Journal of Roman Studies 59
(1969) 76-91.
Fishwick D. 'The Imperial Cult in Britain', Phoenix15 (1961) 159-73, 213-29.
Harris E & Harris J.R., The Oriental Cults in Britain, Leiden 1965.
Henig M., Religion in Roman Britain, 2nd ed. London 1996.
Irby-Massie G.L., Military Religion in Roman Britain, Leiden, 1999.
Mawer C.F., Evidence for Christianity in Roman Britain, Oxford 1995.
Ross A., Pagan Celtic Britain, London 1992.
Shepherd J.D., The Temple of Mithras, London 1998.
Thomas C., Christianity in Roman Britain to AD 500, London 1981.
Watts D., Religion in Late Roman Britain, London 1998.
Webster J., 'Interpretatio: Roman Word Power and Celtic Gods', Britannia 26 (1995)
153-61.

Life
Alcock J., English Heritage Book of Life in Roman Britain, London 1996.
Alcock J., Food in Roman Britain, Stroud, 2001.
Allason-Jones L. Women in Roman Britain, London 1989.
Bowman A.K. Life and Letters on the Roman Frontier, London 1994.
Bowman A.K. & Thomas J.D. The Vindolanda Writing Tablets, London 1994.
Macmahon, A. The Taberna Structures of Roman Britain Oxford 2003.

Inscriptions
Bowman, A.K. et al., The Vindolanda Writing tablets = Tabulae Vindolandenses - online
Collingwood R.G. & Wright R.P., Roman Inscriptions of Britain, Vol. I 2nd ed. London
1995.
Frere SS., Roxan M., Tomlin R.S.O. Roman Inscriptions of Britain: Instrumentum
17
Domesticum, Vol. II, Stroud 1990-5.
Keppie L., Understanding Roman Inscriptions, London 1991.

Journals & Bibliographies

Britannia.
Royal Historical Society: Annual Bibliography of British and Irish History.

Geophysics

Bowden, M. (1999) Unravelling the Landscape, Stroud.

Clark, A. (1990) Seeing Beneath the Soil, London: Batsford.

Gaffney, C. & Gater, J. (2003) Revealing the Buried Past: Geophysics for
Archaeologists, Stroud, Tempus Publishing

Gaffney, V. L., Gaffney, C. F. & Corney, M. (1998) Changing the Roman Landscape:
The role of Geophysics and remote sensing. IN Bayley, J. (Ed.) Science in Archaeology.

Required text

The following text is required for purchase as part of the

module as it provides essential reading material.

Salway, P. (1993) A History of Roman Britain, Oxford:

Oxford University Press.
ISBN 978-0-19-280138-8.

15. Links to useful websites for FDAP200

Archaeology Data Service http://ads.ahds.ac.uk including GIS Guide to Good Practice at
http://ads.ahds.ac.uk/project/goodguides/gis/index.html

Abingdon Archaeological Geophysics. Archaeological Geophysics: A Short Guide

http://www.bajr.org/Documents/GeoPhysics.pdf

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