Punished by Reward

Punished By Rewards Page 1
Book Club Facilitator Guide

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Introduction to ETFOs Book Clubs ....................................................................... 2

Introduction to Punished By Rewards ................................................................... 8

Session One: Beliefs and Understandings ............................................................ 9

Session Two: Consequences and Praise ........................................................... 13

Session Three: Rewards in Practice ................................................................... 17

Session Four: Beyond Rewards .......................................................................... 22

Support Materials Section ................................................................................... 25

ln'roduc':on 'o L1lO loo Cu
The Elementary Teachers Federation of Ontario is committed to providing
professional development for it members in a variety of forms. Teachers are best
able to determine what professional development they need to pursue as life-long
learners and ETFO Book Clubs are designed for voluntary participation of
interested members. As ETFO professional development programs and services
continue to evolve to meet the challenging needs of educators and their students,
the new season of offerings has been expanded to include book clubs with a focus
on classroom management, differentiated instruction, and Kindergarten.

Professional book clubs provide an excellent opportunity for members to reflect on
their classroom practice, enhance their professional knowledge, and engage in the
professional learning that best meets their needs and the needs of their students.
A book club is a staff learning experience that gives educators an opportunity for
professional networking, sharing, and reflection through an in-depth examination
of ideas, concepts, research, and strategies presented in a professional resource.

The main goals of ETFO Book Clubs are:
To enhance the professional knowledge of our members.
To enhance the professional practice of our members.
To foster leadership at the local level.
To implement high-yield, research-based instructional strategies.
To monitor the impact or effects of instructional decisions on students.
To reflect on current teaching practices.

When professional book club experiences are tied to the real work of teachers,
and to authentic issues they are grappling with in their classrooms, teachers have
a deeper understanding of their impact on classroom practice and student
learning.


The most
valuable insight a
group can have is
that the most
effective resources
for moving ahead
are found within
their situation and
within themselves.
R. Bruce Williams
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Professional book clubs provide an excellent opportunity for our members to
enhance their professional knowledge and practice. Participants attend four two-
hour sessions that focus on specific chapters of the various resources highlighted,
consider strategies they can try in their classroom, and reflect on and share their
experiences within a community of learners. As a facilitator, you will contribute to
building leadership capacity within our locals in the area of professional
development.

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ETFO Book Clubs are offered in partnership between locals and the provincial
office. Facilitator guides, such as this one, have been developed by members to
support you as you facilitate this book club.

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A book club facilitator guides a group of participants through an
interactive discussion of a selected title. The facilitator
organizes the session and conducts the meetings. Group
members can expect the facilitator to use open-ended
questions, wait time, and paraphrasing to encourage
participation. The facilitator also emphasizes the importance of
keeping the discussion on track, focusing on one topic or task
at a time. The person in this role is not an expert and should
remain neutral allowing group members to share different
perspectives. All group members are valued and encouraged
to participate in their own way.

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Any group that meets regularly to work together needs to identify a set of norms or
ground rules that will help a group do its work and discourage behaviours that

interfere with a groups effectiveness. Norms govern how the group will interact,
share, and learn together.

It is ideal to set norms at the beginning of a groups work together inviting group
members to suggest ideal behaviours for groups, eventually refining them into an
agreed-upon set of norms. Once established and posted, groups need to
continually remind themselves about the norms they have created.

Some topics you may want to raise as starting points for discussion with your
group are:

Expectations for behaviour How will your group relate to one another within (and
beyond) the group? Considering norms in TRIBES such as right to pass, attentive
listening, and taking turns, may be helpful.

Shared leadership How will members share responsibility for the group? How
will decisions be made about what to read, when to meet, and where to meet be
made?

Participation and interaction How will members work together? Considering
roles such as recorder, timekeeper, and encourager may ensure that all group
members become involved in the discussions.

One strategy that may be helpful when reviewing group norms is Round-Robin
Reflection. In this process everyone takes 30 seconds to silently reflect on the
extent to which he/she honoured the groups norms and to what extent it
enhanced the groups work. The facilitator then chooses someone at random to
share their reflections. When this person is finished then another group member
paraphrases what they have heard. This process is repeated in round-robin
fashion beginning with the person to the right of the first speaker.


Powerful
Conversations:
Focused
Productive
Interactive
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Grounding is an excellent inclusion activity for introductory meetings. It serves
several purposes including:
establishing a norm for respectful listening;
bringing people into the here and now;
allowing people to connect with one another; and
allowing for expression of hopes and apprehensions.

Directions - Each person in round-robin fashion, speaks to these points:
name;
current role;
school;
reasons for joining a professional book study; and
expectations of the book club experience.

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Regardless of the nature of the group and its purpose, some basic
needs must be met within the group setting for it to be as focused,
productive, and interactive as possible. A good facilitator looks for
signs of the characteristics listed below to determine whether it
provides the kind of satisfaction group members need. Periodically it
may be helpful to give group members time to evaluate the extent to
which the group is meeting their individual needs.

The following are important needs group members value. As the group evolves, it
is about finding the balance between the needs of the group members and the
group work that needs to be accomplished.


We should all
try to listen with
the same
intensity we
have when we
are talking.
Richard Saul
Wurman

Feeling a sense of belonging Group members need a collaborative environment
where they feel safe and supported in their presence and their contribution to the
groups work.

Commitment to group goals Group members achieve commitment when they
see value in the goals selected, having a part in selecting and refining those goals,
and directing the group process.

Sense of progress It is important to give group members opportunities to reflect
on their progress toward goals so that members feel a sense of accomplishment.

Having confidence in the facilitator A good facilitator establishes a supportive,
risk free learning environment emphasizing the importance of professional
dialogue. The facilitator organizes the sessions and conducts the meetings. The
person in the role of facilitator is not intended to be an expert and should remain
neutral, allowing participants to share different perspectives.

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When developing a groups capacity for powerful conversations,
Robert Garmston suggests that group members set aside
unproductive patterns of listening, talking, and participating.

However, from time-to-time, facilitators may need to confront
challenging situations. Late arrivals at meetings, overbearing
participants, and conflict among group members can negatively
impact on a group. Although there is no right way to respond to
these problems, here are some possible solutions to common
problems faced by facilitators.


Non talker Honour an individuals right to pass. Each member has the right to
choose when and to what extent they will participate in the group discussion; ask
open ended questions and learn to be silent.

Underminer Focus on the agenda and topics agreed upon by the group. Dont
acknowledge or over react; at the end of the session revisit the group norms and
their purpose.

Rambler When the member pauses, refocus attention by restating the relevant
points and move on; ask "How does that relate to ________?"

Side talker Re-direct conversation by asking the person an easy question or to
paraphrase what has been stated; create a parking lot (flip chart, sticky notes) to
post questions or issues that can be discussed in a later session.

Over talkative State "We only have a limited amount of time today. We want
everyone to have a chance.

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Robert Garmston. Teacher Talk That Makes a Difference Educational
Leadership, ASCD, April 1998.

Garmston, R. & Wellman, B. The Adaptive School: A Sourcebook for Developing
Collaborative Groups, Christopher-Gordon Publishers, 1999.

Richardson, J. Norms Put the Golden Rule into Practice for Groups, Tools for
Schools, NSDC, August-September 1999.

Easton, L.B. Powerful Designs for Professional Learning NSDC, 2004.

Richard G. Weaver & John D. Farrell. Managers as Facilitators: A Practical Guide
to Getting Work Done in a Changing Workplace, McGraw Hill, 1999.

Bennett J., Dawson R., & Torney. Book Study Facilitators Guide for Teaching
Student-Centred Mathematics. Pearson Education Canada, 2007.

Wisconsin Staff Development Council www.wi-sdc.org.

ln'roduc':on 'o lun:cd , kc.|rd
In this book club, well take a look at Punished by Rewards and the presentation of
research and reasoning that Alfie Kohn uses for teachers to avoid the use of
rewards in order to help students learn. Written for a general audience this book
shows how rewards undermine our efforts to teach students.

We will consider the use of rewards and the impact on students behaviour. We
will examine research and logic to discover that the more schools and teachers,
rely on incentives, the worse things get. We will also explore the effectiveness of
encouragement, co-operation, and matter-of-fact feedback.

The final sessions of the book club will offer a practical set of strategies for
teachers that move beyond the use of carrots or sticks. Participants will look at
alternatives to rewards that support student learning. Through discussions,
teachers will become familiar with a practical set of strategies for teachers to move
beyond rewards towards collaboration, content, and choice.


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Chapters 1, 2, and 3, pages 3-49

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In this session, educators will have an opportunity to share with a partner (and in
small groups) their general beliefs, understandings, and experiences in regards to
rewards, incentives, punishments, and praise.

Well have a look at the first section of Punished by Rewards in which Kohn
summarizes the behaviourist tradition as: The best way to get something done is
to provide a reward to people when they act the way we want them to. Well
consider the arguments and research against the use of behaviourism and
extrinsic motivators like rewards and the carrot-and-stick model that most of us
were raised with and which interferes with students performance and simply does
little to promote improved performance or lasting behavioural change.

Kohns book presents a number of arguments related to the impact of rewards on
childrens behaviour. He writes:

My hope is that even the reader who doesnt accept every argument offered
here, or who has doubts about the import of one or another piece of
research, may nonetheless decide that there is enough evidence to justify
calling into question a set of beliefs and practices that affects us deeply
every day of our lives.

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During this session, participants will:
1. Review the research and arguments that Kohn presents in Part One of his
book.

2. Reflect on how they have experienced the use of rewards, praise and
punishments in the education system.
3. Share their knowledge and understanding of the topics with a partner and in
small groups.
4. Complete a Beliefs and Understandings questionnaire (see Support Material
Section) and reflect on what they know or believe about rewards, praise etc.

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Copies of Beliefs and Understandings (line master 1A in the Support Materials
Section).
Writing materials.
Pre-printed (line master 1B in the Support Materials Section) cut into sentence
strips and placed in envelopes, with one envelope to each pair of teachers.
Chart paper and markers.
Masking tape.
Reflection Sheet (line master 1C in the Support Materials Section).

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1. Reflection. Have candidates complete Beliefs and Understandings (line
master 1A in the Support Materials Section).

2. Think/Pair/Share. Have candidates share Beliefs and Understandings with a
partner, and identify the ways in which their responses were the same, and the
ways that their responses were different. After partners have had to share with
each other, ask each to identify one way in which their response was similar, or
one way in which it was different, and be prepared to share. Facilitators then
use round-robin strategy to circulate around the room, having each participant
share a single similarity or a single difference with the larger group.


3. True/False/Unsure. Distribute envelopes with line master 1B sentence strips
to each pair. Ask partners to work in their pairs to make a pile of statements
they believe to be true, a different pile of statements they believe to be false,
and a final pile for those that they are unsure of. Once all of the statements
have been gone through, have each pair join with another into groups of four
and discuss those statements in the unsure pile. Challenge each group to
arrive at a consensus regarding their responses. Facilitator then shares the
following Answer Code for line master 1B:

1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5. True
6. False
7. True

4. Small Group Work. Divide participants into five small groups. Each group
should get one piece of chart paper and some markers. On the top of each
chart, write down one of the questions that Kohn introduces:
Why do rewards punish?
Why do rewards rupture relationships?
Why do rewards ignore reasons?
Why do rewards discourage risk-taking?
Why do rewards lessen interest?
Ask each group to answer the question drawing from what they have read as
well as from what they know or have experienced first hand. Upon completion
of this task, invite each small group to generate a question or concern that
participants have, and record on the bottom of the chart paper page.


5. Post the charts on the wall and have a walkabout. Ask participants to put an
asterisk beside any answers on the charts that they question, or would like to
discuss further. Facilitator then surveys all sheets in a sequence, and invites
the author of each asterisk in turn to ask the identified question or lead the
discussion further related to the asterisked point for clarification.

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Teachers complete the following learning stems (line master 1C in the Support
Materials Section):
What have I learned about rewards today?
What is it about rewards that I need to think more about?
How do I use rewards in the classroom?
What, if anything, will I do differently in the classroom as a result of this
discussion? If not, why not?

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1. Assign pages 49-118 for the next session.

2. Challenge teachers to observe the classroom for evidence of rewards and
reflect on:
What do you notice?
What is the source of rewards?
What is the impact on students?
(line master 1D in the Support Materials Section).

3. Come to our next session prepared to share your findings.


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Chapters 4, 5, and 6, pages 49-118

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In this session, well examine Kohns contention that anything that gets children to
think primarily about their performance (e.g., higher standards, additional testing,
tougher grading, more incentives) will undermine their interest in learning and their
desire to be challenged.

He offers five key reasons for the failure of rewards:
1. Rewards punish people.
2. Rewards rupture relationships.
3. Rewards ignore reasons.
4. Rewards discourage risk-taking.
5. Rewards lessen the interest in learning.

Alfie Kohn also looks at one reward that few of us ever think to criticize - praise.
He states that the problem with praise is not, as some people seem to think, that
we overdo it. He argues that it is the nature of praise, what we say and how we
say it.

Discuss the impact Alfies arguments have on students, classrooms, and
schools.
Select an idea or strategy that Kohn presents in this section and develop it into
an action plan, to investigate how this idea might look and sound in the
classroom.


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Chart paper and markers.
Recipe cards or large stickies for action cards.
Three-part interview sheet (line master 2A in the Support Materials Section).
Four corner sheets (line master 2B-2F in the Support Materials Section).
Ticket out the door (line master 2G in the Support Materials Section).

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Three-Part Interview: Participants review the evidence of rewards and impact
that they collected in their classroom as homework from last session. In triads,
participants conduct a Three-Part Interview, with one person interviewing, one
person recording, and one person reporting on the evidence. Change roles and
repeat the three-person interview process three times. See three-person interview-
recording sheet (line master 2A in the Support Materials Section).

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Four Corners. Ask participants to consider the five key reasons for the failure of
rewards outlined by Kohn.
Rewards punish people.
Rewards rupture relationships.
Rewards ignore reasons.
Rewards discourage risk-taking.
Rewards lessen the interest in learning.

They need to decide whether they strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly
disagree. In preparation for this session, facilitators should post the four position
statement cards (please see Support Materials section) in four corners of the room

and review guide (line master 2B). At the facilitators signal, participants travel to
the corner of their choice where they explain their position to all others who are
present. Each corner group then works to develop a single-sentence argument
supporting their position. Have each corner share their position and explanation
sentence.

Action Cards. Ask each candidate to prepare individually (or with a partner), an
action card (using recipe cards or large post-its). This action card explains an idea
or a strategy that has arisen from todays book talk and that the educator would
like to try in his/her classroom (or place of work). Action cards can be developed
from the points raised by Kohn in Part One.

Here are two examples:
1. A teacher may want to have a discussion with the pros or cons around award
assemblies like Student of the Month.

2. A teacher may want to change the way they praise or respond to students so
that it is more specific to what the student is doing.

Invite some participants to share their action cards in the large group. Ask
teachers to be prepared to share their observations and discuss what transpired at
the beginning of Session Three.

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Ticket Out the Door. Participants reflect on their thinking as a result of this
session and complete a ticket out the door (line master 2G in the Support
Materials Section) which they submit as they leave.


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Take some time to monitor how you use praise in the classroom.

Print off and assign for homework line master 2H. Collect information on one
specific instance in which you have used praise:
Who did you praise?
What did you say?
What was the impact on the student?
What was the impact on the class?


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Chapter 8, pages 142-159 and Chapter 11, pages 198-227.

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This session looks at the effect of rewards on student learning and the behaviour
of children. These chapters summarize evidence that extrinsic motivators in
schools are not only ineffective but also often counterproductive. In Chapters 8
and 11, Kohn argues the following three facts about working with children:
1. Young children dont need to be rewarded to learn.
2. At any age, rewards are less effective than intrinsic motivation for promoting
effective learning.
3. Rewards for learning undermine intrinsic motivation.

Develop a deeper understanding of how rewards, incentives, and praise affect
learning
Have an opportunity to apply and express what they have learned so far.

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A timer or stopwatch
Give OneGet One sheets (line master 3A in the Support Materials Section)
Two Stars and a Wish (line master 3B in the Support Materials Section)
Homework: Three Signs of Intrinsic Motivation (line master 3C in the Support
Materials Section)
Diagramming Inside/Outside Circle (line master 3D in the Support Materials
Section).


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Give OneGet One. Have participants bring their action cards and the Give
OneGet One sheets (line master 3A) as they mingle around the room. The
action card explains an idea or a strategy that the educator has tried in their
classroom and which arises from the discussion and book talk in Session Two.
The Give One sheets are for recording new and different ideas they encounter
from others in the room. Teachers mingle around the room and give one idea and
get one idea from each encountered teacher until their sheets are full.

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The 10 Minute Debate using Inside/Outside Circle (line master 3D in the
Support Materials Section). This engaging activity provides participants with the
opportunity to reflect on what they have learned from the readings, and to
consolidate the research and opinions shared.
The facilitator selects a topic for debate from the 12 suggested in Points for
Debate listed below. Participants who support a position sit on a designated
side of the circle. Participant who oppose sit on the other.
Time the debate to allow for only 10 minutes of discussion or reflection. When
the time is up, the discussion ends and a new topic is selected.
The facilitator may want to assist the debate by referencing some of the points
made by Kohn. For this purpose, specific page references from the book have
been provided at the end of each debate topic to assist the facilitator.
Sides in the circle should change after each debate so that everyone gets to
move within the circle. You might want to use something like an extension
cord to divide the circle.

Points for Debate
Motivation. You cannot motivate people but can only set up certain conditions that
will develop their interest in what they are doing and remove constraints. Agree or
disagree. (Refer to pages 144-148).

Merit Pay. If we want to improve the quality of teaching in Ontario, we should
follow the lead of some businesses and base pay increases on the teacher
performance appraisals (or TPAs) and involvement in extra-curricular activities?
Agree or disagree.

Awards. There is a place in schools for awards and rewards, especially rewards
for good behaviour. Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 110-111).

Report Cards. Some people want to get rid of grades in elementary schools and
others say our grades tell parents how their children are doing in school. Do we
need a new provincial report card? Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 155-157).

Improvement. The best way to improve our educational system is to increase the
length of the school day/year and to ensure that students have more homework.
Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 216-221).

Self-Esteem. Kids are failing to learn because were afraid to let them know when
they get something wrong for fear of injuring their self-esteem. Agree or disagree.
(Refer to pages 156-159).

Consistency. Every teacher in Ontario should know what material is to be covered
for their specific grade, when it should be covered, and how to evaluate their
students performance. Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 221-224).

Choice. The more a child feels part of the process, the more his/her point of view
is solicited and taken seriously, the fewer the problems there will be. Agree or
disagree. (Refer to pages 236-239).

Respect. Experienced teachers sometime say that they are not here to be liked.
A good way to gain respect and establish class discipline is not to let down your
guard before Christmas holidays. Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 239-241).

Caring. More emphasis should be placed on teaching values. Students should
learn to care, share, and help across different situations and with different people,
including those they dont know, dont like, and dont look like. Agree or disagree.

Rules. Rules have an important place in schools and it is the responsibility of the
adult to ensure that rules are fair, consistent and enforced. Agree or disagree.

Safety. A classroom that feels safe is one in which students are free to admit
when they dont understand something and are able to ask for help. Grades,
tests, rewards and punishment are the enemies of safety as they reduce the
probability that students will speak up. Agree or disagree. (Refer to pages 200-
203).

Opinion Line. Participants must place themselves along a line based on their
position on the following listed three facts about working with children:
Young children dont need to be rewarded to learn.
At any age, rewards are less effective than intrinsic motivation for promoting
effective learning.
Rewards for learning undermines intrinsic motivation.

The top of the line is for those who totally agree with all three statements, and the
end of the line is for those who strongly disagree. Participants must discuss their
position in order to place themselves in the right spot along the continuum or
opinion line. Time permitted, have the line fold in on itself and have participants
explain their position.

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Two Stars and a Wish. Participants complete line master 3B and submit to the
facilitator.

o:c.or/loo.-u| 1|. !O !:nu'c
Chapter 9, pages 160-178 and Chapter 12, pages 228-258.

Classroom Application. Think about intrinsic motivation and observe your
students for signs or indicators of intrinsic motivation. Complete the homework
line master 3C. Bring three indicators to the next session and be prepared to
discuss.


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Chapter 9 and 12, pages 160-178 and pages 228-258

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The end of the book attempts to address the need for alternatives in education.
Kohn talks about the conditions required for authentic motivation to occur by using
what he calls the three Cs: collaboration, content, and choice.

This final session attempts to call into question the long-standing ways of thinking
and acting that have dominated our schools and classrooms for years.
Participants will have a chance to debate, question, and reflect upon their
assumptions and practices while covering a wide range of topics.

During this session participants will:
Think about other strategies for their own classroom that promote motivation
and interest in learning using the three Cs that Alfie Kohn presents:
collaboration, content and choice.

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Chart paper and markers on each table for the placemat strategy and hot
potato.
Place Mat overview (line master 4A in the Support Materials Section).
Learning stem reflection sheet (line master 4B in the Support Materials
Section).
Evaluation Form (line master 4C in the Support Materials Section).


o:c.or kcv:c.. =O !:nu'c
Placemat. Working in their table groups, have each table complete a placemat by
recording their indicators for intrinsic motivation in their own section. Invite each
table grouping to identify the common indicators and have them list these in the
centre of their placemat sheet. Please see the Support Materials section for an
overview of the placemat strategy (line master 4A in the Support Materials
Section).

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T-Chart and Hot Potato. Once again working in table groups, assign each group
a chart paper with one of the three following items: collaboration, content or choice
at the top of the page, and a T-Chart in the middle of the page. Challenge teachers
to use the left column of the T-Chart to record anticipated pitfalls. Then in
groups, give them three minutes to brainstorm and record every possible pitfall
they can identify. Rotate and repeat until each group has contributed to the three
topics. Following one full cycle, have the group discuss and identify the top three
pitfalls, and mark these three with a circle around each on the chart paper.

Brainstorming. Still working in the same groups, repeat the hot potato strategy,
again with each group brainstorming on each sheet, but this time have teachers
identify on the right column strategies for success. Once again, rotate until
everyone has written on the three sheets. Once the sheet returns to the original
groups, have them prioritize the strategies according to greatest likelihood of
success.

Round-Robin. Use this strategy to have each table grouping share their greatest
anticipated challenges and their top three strategies for success.


kccc':on. !O !:nu'c
Participants complete the learning stem sheet (line master 4B in the Support
Materials Section) to identify what they have learned, and how, during the course
of this book club.

Participants complete the Book Club Evaluation Form (line master 4C in the
Support Materials Section).

^dd:':on| kcourcc/kc|d:nq.
Alfie Kohn has a number of other books that teachers may be interested in
reading:
Beyond Discipline: From Compliance to Community (1996)
The Schools Our Children Deserve (1999)
The Case Against Standardized Testing (2000)

Educators may also be interested in Alfie Kohns website: www.alfiekohn.org


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ln'ruc':on| 1|

Line Master 1A

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1. How do you define what constitutes a reward? How do you define what
constitutes a punishment?

2. Give an example of a reward that you have observed being used in your
school or in a classroom? Describe why this reward was used and whether
you believe it was successful or not.

3. Describe an example of a punishment that you have observed being used in
your school or in a classroom? Describe why this punishment was used and
whether you believe it was successful or not.


ln'ruc':on| 1|
Line Master 1B
\|' lo You 1:n

Respond to the following statements and indicate whether you believe they are true,
false or unsure.

1. People who are trying to earn a reward end up doing a poorer job than people
who are not trying to earn a reward. ____________

2. Rewards and punishments are the opposite of each other. ____________

3. Rewards are less destructive to learning than punishments. ____________

4. When working for a reward, research shows that most people will do exactly
what is necessary to get the reward and no more. ____________

5. Extrinsic rewards increase intrinsic motivation. Peoples interest in what they are
doing typically increases when they are rewarded for doing it. __________

6. Studies with children, as well as adults, suggest that when people are carefully
monitored they tend to lose interest in a task. ____________

7. Extrinsic motivators and rewards are most effective when given to children for
something we want them to do. ____________

8. Children have an intrinsic desire to learn. Praise and manipulation can only serve
to stifle that natural motivation and replace it with blind conformity, a mechanical
work style, or open defiance toward authority. ____________


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1. What have I learned about rewards today?

2. What is it about rewards that I need to think more about?

3. How do I use rewards in the classroom?

4. What, if anything, will I do differently in the classroom as a
result of this discussion? If not, why not?


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Challenge teachers to observe the classroom for evidence of rewards:

What do you notice?

What is the source of rewards?

What is the impact on students?



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Interview 1: Name: ________________________________

Interview 2: Name: ________________________________

Interview 3: Name: ________________________________

Round Robin: Key Idea(s) from Interviews:

Adapted from Beyond Monet - The Artful Science of Instructional Intelligence, Barrie Bennett/Carol Rolheiser

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This is a useful tactic that can precede debates:

Begin with a statement, issue, or question.

Label your corners: Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree.

Students are given a specified period of quiet time in which to make up their
minds. At this stage, dialogue is not allowed.

Students move into the corner which best represents their view of the issue.

In small groups, students discuss why they moved to the corner they did and
record their combined reasons.

Students then report on their reasons from each corner.



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Ticket Out the Door
One thing I learned
Ticket Out the Door
One thing I learned

Line Master 2H
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Collect information on one specific instance in which you have used praise:

Who did you praise?

What did you say?

What was the impact on the student?

What was the impact on the class?


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Give One

1.

2.

3.

Get One

1.

2.

3.


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Place Mat is a form of collaborative learning that combines writing and dialogue to
endure accountability and participation of all students. It involves groups of students
working both alone and together around a single piece of paper to simultaneously
involve all members.

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Chart paper is preferable, but not necessary, pens and pencils.

The paper is divided up into pieces based on the number of members in the
group with a central square or circle.

Other organizers can be placed within the place mat to help structure material

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Students work alone first. How long do you want this to last? Do students
have the skill of respecting the learning time of others quietly? If not, what
can you do to pre-teach the skill?

Students share information with their group. Results are recorded in the
centre of the page.
How structured will the sharing be? Round-Robin? Three-step interview?
How much time and in what order?
How will accountability for listening be built?
Will any formal group roles be assigned such as recorder?
Is the primary purpose here listening, or probing deeper as each speaks,
or both?
What pre-skills need to be taught to make this effective? (Active listening?
Questioning? Critical thinking? Effective communication?)

Sharing then takes place between groups. This can be done with Walkabout,
Round-Robin, reporting to the whole class, or a number of techniques
depending on your purpose or time.
Who will speak for the group?
Again, how will accountability be built in?
How will note-taking take place so all have the results of the class?
How will a safety net be created for the very shy, etc.?



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During this book club I have learned that.

I already knew that.

I have re-learned that

I have changed my practice by.

Now I am wondering about

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Line Master 4C

Please explain your answer:

2. Outline the most useful feature(s) of the program and why?

3. What three things from the ETFO Book Club had the most impact on you?

a.

b.

c.


1. My overall impression of the ETFO Book Club
is:

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

4. How do you think your learning from the ETFO
Book Club will impact your work?

To a Great
Extent

Somewhat

Very
Little

Not All


5. What one thing would you change or add to the program to enhance its effectiveness and
applicability in your work?

6. The ETFO Book Club model was appropriate for the
type of learning I expected:
Agree

Disagree


7. Attending the ETFO Book Club changed my
understanding of ETFO as a professional
organization:
Strongly
Agree

Agree Disagree Strongly
Disagree


8. Can you suggest ways this ETFO Book Club could be more environmentally friendly?

Overall comments:

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Book Club Facilitator Guide

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