Introduction to Chemistry- Final Exam Review Express each of the following in scientific notation: A. 12,500 B. 247 C. 0.0306 D. 0.

00000042 Convert the following: A. 2753cm to m B. 12.3g to mg C. .53L to mL D. 5160m to m E. 16g to kg Significant figures contain all of the certain numbers plus ______________ uncertain number. How many significant figures are in the following numbers? A. 0.00758 B. 59830 C. 0.6004 D. 200. E. 10 What should the answers to the following calculations be to the appropriate number of significant figures? A. 3.3 x 5280 B. 1.842 + 45.2 + 87.55 C. 0.072/4.36 Convert the following temperatures: A. 28.5C to F B. -138C to K C. 250K to C D. 52F to C Which of the following represents the highest temperature, 23C, 72F or 298K? A block has a volume of 25.3cm3 and its mass is 21.7g. What is the density of the block? A sample containing 33.50g of metal is poured into a graduated cylinder initially containing 12.0 mL of water. If the density of the metal is 1.9g/mL, what should the final volume on the cylinder read?

If body A and body B have a constant mass and if body A has a larger volume then body B, which has the larger density? Classify the following as a physical or a chemical change: A. Stepping on and crushing a piece of chalk B. Steam from a shower condenses a mirror C. Iron combines with oxygen to form rust D. Baking powder causes biscuits to rise E. Alcohol ignites when a flame is brought near it A(n) __________________ is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical methods. Identify the following as a pure substance, a homogenous mixture or a heterogeneous mixture: A. Chocolate Chip Cookies B. Maple Syrup C. Oil and vinegar salad dressing D. Water with which you just watered your lawn Write the formula for each of the following compounds. A. A molecule containing six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms B. A compound containing half as many calcium atoms as there are chloride atoms. How many Hydrogen atoms are in the following chemical formulas? a. H2O b. C6H12O6 c. CH4 What is found in the nucleus of an atom? Determine the number of each of the three subatomic particles (protons, neutrons and electrons) for each of the following. A. 6027Co B.
238 92U

Give the atomic number for each of the following and identify it as a metal or a nonmetal? A. strontium B. oxygen C. Manganese

Which of the following is not a naturally occurring Diatomic molecule? A. O2 B. N2 C. Mn2 D. F2 A positive ion is called a _______________, whereas a negative ion is called a ____________. The net charge of an ionic compound should be _______________. If an ion contains 9 protons, 9 neutrons and 10 electrons what is its charge? Use the pair of ions below to give the formula of each compound containing these ions. A. Ba+2 and O2B. K+ and P3C. Al+3 and S2Name each of the following binary compounds: A. KCl G. Li2O B. CaBr2 H. CrF2 C. Al2S3 I. I2O7 D. BaH2 J. CF4 E. CoCl3 K. PCl3 F. CuI L. CO2 Name each of the following compounds that contain polyatomic ions: A. Cu(NO3)2 B. PbCO3 C. KHSO4 D. NaCN E. NH4I F. Fe(OH)2 G. Ca(HCO3)2 Name the following acids: A. HF B. H3PO3 C. HNO3 D. H2S Write the correct formula for each compound. A. Sodium Nitrate B. Ammonium dichromate C. mercury (II) iodide D. Magnesium Bromide

E. F. G. H.

nickel (II) perchlorate dinitrogen monoxide sulfur hexafluoride xenon tetrafluoride

In balancing chemical equations you are only permitted to change what number? Balance the following chemical equations: A. NO(g) + H2(g) N2(g) + H2O(l) B. B2O3(S) + H2O(l) B(OH)3(aq) C. Fe2O3(s) + HNO3(aq) Fe(NO3)3(aq) + H2O(l) Determine whether the following compounds are soluble or insoluble. A. aluminum nitrate B. lead(II) sulfide C. magnesium hydroxide D. magnesium chloride What type of reaction are the following: A. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H2O(l) + NaCl(aq) B. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) C. H2CO3 H2O + CO2 Classify the following reactions in as many ways as possible: A. 2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) 2AlCl3(s) B. KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) H2O(l) + KCl(aq) C. 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) D. 2AlN(s) 2Al(s) + N2(g) What is the net ionic equation for the following reaction? NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Ions that do not participate directly in a reaction are called ________________________. What are the four things that drive a chemical reaction to completion? During an oxidation-reduction reaction, metals typically _______________electrons whereas nonmetals typically _____________ electrons. Complete the following precipitation reaction: 2AgNO3(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) The mass of a molecule in amu is called _______________ mass. Is the unit amu smaller or larger then a gram?

Complete the following conversions A. 25.0g of Ca to moles B. 57.7g of S to moles C. 23.6g of Zn to atoms D. 128.3 g of Ag to atoms E. 0.251 mols of CO2 to grams F. 228 mol of FeCl3 to grams G. 6.37 mol of H2O to molecules Calculate the molar mass of the following: A. CaSO4 B. Na2CO3 C. Ba(OH)2 How many Hydrogen atoms are in one H2O molecule? Which of the following weighs more 0.25moles of C or 2.5 moles of O? What is the mass % of hydrogen in C6H12O6? If a 3.450g sample of nitrogen reacts with 1.970g sample of oxygen what is the empirical formula? A compound with the empirical formula C2H5O was found to have a molar mass of 90g. What is the molecular formula of this compound? Using the equation S(s) + 2H2SO4(aq) 3SO2(g) + 2H2O(l) how many moles of each product are formed when starting with .250mol of S? Using the equation NH3(g) + HCl(g) NH4Cl(g), how many grams of product are formed if you start with .5 mol of NH3? Using the following formula what number of moles of oxygen gas are required to react with 7.4mols of CH4(g)? How many moles of H2O gas are formed? CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Calculate the mass of Na2CO3(g) that is produced when 10.0g of NaOH reacts with an excess of carbon dioxide? 2NaOH(aq) + CO2(g) Na2CO3(g) + H2O(l)

Answer the next 3 questions using the following equation: CaC2(s) + 2H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(s) + C2H2(g) If you start with 5.0g of CaC2 and 10g of H2O, which is the limiting reagent? How much H2O is in excess? How many moles of Ca(OH)2 are produced when 5 moles of CaC2 are used up? Use the following equation to answer the next 3 questions. N2(g) + 2O2(g) NO4(g) How many moles of NO will be produced when 3 moles of N2 are used completely? If you are given 10 moles of each reactant, which will be the limiting reagent? Which will be in excess? How many grams of NO4 will be formed from the reaction? (Hint: You must know the limiting reagent) Determine the amount of energy as heat that is required to raise the temperature of 1g of water from 25.0C to 100C. (Specific heat of water is 4.184J/g*C) If 455J of heat is transferred to 25.0g of water at 45.0C, what is the final temperature of the water? A sample of gold requires 3.1J of energy to change its temperature from 19C to 27C. What is the mass of this sample? (Specific Heat of Gold is 0.13 J/g*C) Given the following data, 4CuO(s) 2Cu2O(s) + O2(g) Cu2O(s) Cu(s)+ CuO(s) Calculate the H for the following reaction, 2Cu(S) + O2(g) 2CuO(s) Give the electron configuration for the following elements: A. Al B. Si C. Ar D. Mn E. Sn Electrons on in the outermost (highest) principal energy level of an atom are referred to as ________________________. H= 288kJ H= 11kJ

In the following sets of elements, indicate which element would have the highest ionization energy? A. Cs, K or Li B. I, Br, Cl C. Mg, Si, S D. Ba, Sr, Ca In each of the following sets of elements, indicate which element will be the largest in size? A. Sn, Xe, Rb, Sr B. Rn, He, Xe, Kr C. Pb, Ba, Cs, At The lowest possible energy state of an atom is called its ____________ state. A beam of light can be thought of as consisting of a stream of light particles called ______________. According to Bohr, the electrons in the hydrogen atom moved around the nucleus in circular paths called __________________. In a modern theory of the atom, a(n) ____________ represents the region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron. How many electrons can an orbital hold? The higher the principal energy level (n) the closer to/farther from the nucleus is the electron? What is the difference between a 2s and a 1s orbital? The number of sublevels in a principal energy level (increases/decreases) as n increases?