1.

Introduction
Indian Oil Corporation Limited, or IndianOil, is an Indian state-owned oil and gas corporation with its headquarters in New Delhi, India. It is the world's 88th largest corporations, according to the Fortune Global 500 list, and the largest public corporation in India when ranked by revenue. IndianOil and its subsidiaries account for a 49% share in the petroleum products market, 31% share in refining capacity and 67% downstream sector pipelines capacity in India. The Indian Oil Group of companies owns and operates 10 of India's 22 refineries with a combined refining capacity of 65.7 million metric tonnes per year. The President of India owns 78.92% (1.9162 billion shares) in the company. In FY 2012 IOCL sold 75.66 million tonnes of petroleum products and reported a PBT of 37.54 billion, and the Government of India earned an excise duty of 232.53 billion and tax of 10.68 billion. It is one of the seven Maharatna status companies of India, apart from Coal India Limited, NTPC Limited, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation, Steel Authority of India Limited, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited and Gas Authority of India Limited. IndianOil operates the largest and the widest network of fuel stations in the country, numbering about 20,575 (16,350 regular ROs & 4,225 Kisan Seva Kendra). It has also started Auto LPG Dispensing Stations (ALDS). It supplies Indane cooking gas to over 66.8 million households through a network of 5,934 Indane distributors. In addition, IndianOil's Research and Development Center (R&D) at Faridabad supports, develops and provides the necessary technology solutions to the operating divisions of the corporation and its customers within the country and abroad. On 28 May 2012, Indian Oil hinted at reduction in prices of petrol. Recently Indian Oil Corp (IOC) has raised $500 million by selling 10-year dollar-denominated bonds, its fourth such issue overseas in the last three and a half years. History: Indian Oil began operations in 1959 as Indian Oil Company Ltd. The Indian Oil Corporation was formed in 1964, with the merger of Indian Refineries Ltd. Indian Oil is the biggest oil producer and marketeer Oil's product range covers petrol, diesel, LPG, auto LPG, aviation turbine fuel, lubricants, naphtha, bitumen, paraffin, kerosene etc. Xtra Premium petrol, Xtra Mile diesel, Servo lubricants, Indane LPG cooking gas, Autogas LPG, IndianOil Aviation are some of its prominent brands. Recently Indian Oil has also introduced a new business line of supplying LNG
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(liquefied natural gas) by cryogenic transportation. This is called "LNG at Doorstep". Brands:

IndaneGas - Domestic and Industrial Gas AutoGas - Automotive Natural Gas Xtra Premium - Automotive Premium Petrol Xtra Mile - Automotive Premium Diesel Servo - Lubricants and Greases

Competitors: Indian Oil Corporation has two major domestic competitors, Bharat Petroleum and Hindustan Petroleum. Both are state-controlled, like Indian Oil Corporation. There are two private competitors, Reliance Industries and Essar Oil. Group companies and joint ventures:

IndianOil (Mauritius) Ltd. Lanka IOC PLC Group company for retail and storage operations in Sri Lanka. It is listed in the Colombo Stock Exchange. It was locked into a bitter subsidy payment dispute with Sri Lanka's Government which has since been resolved.[citation needed] IOC Middle East FZE Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited Green Gas Ltd. a joint venture with Gas Authority of India Ltd. for citywide gas distribution networks. Indo Cat Pvt. Ltd., with Intercat, USA, for manufacturing 15,000 tonnes per annum of FCC (fluidised catalytic cracking) catalysts & additives in India. IndianOil CREDA Biofuels Ltd., a joint venture with Chattisgarh government for production and marketing of Bio-fuels. Numerous exploration and production ventures with Oil India Ltd., Oil and Natural Gas Corporation India Synthetic Rubber Ltd - A joint venture between IOCL, Taiwan Synthetic Rubber Corporation(Taiwan) and Marubeni(Japan) Petronas (Malaysia) Ltd

International rankings: IndianOil is the highest ranked Indian company in the Fortune Global 500 listing, at the 83rd position in 2012. It is also the 18th largest petroleum company in the world and the No. 1 petroleum trading company among the national oil companies in the Asia-Pacific region. IOCL was featured on the 2011 Forbes Global 2000 at position 243. It is the fifth most valued brand in India according to an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and The Economic Times in 2010.

Loyalty programs: XTRAPOWER Fleet Card Program is aimed at Large Fleet Operators. Currently it has 1 million customer base. XTRAREWARDS is a recently launched loyalty program for retail customers where customers can earn reward points on their purchases.[

Oil Industry Development Board: India has begun the development of a strategic crude oil reserve sized at 37.4 million barrels (5,950,000 m3), enough for two weeks of consumption. Petroleum stocks have been transferred from the Indian Oil Corporation(IndianOil) to the Oil Industry Development Board (OIDB). The OIDB then created the Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Ltd (ISPRL) to serve as the controlling government agency for the strategic reserve. Concerns: Indian Oil Corporation Limited, by virtue of being the largest Public sector Oil company has borne the largest share of subsidy burden due to Govt restriction on Pricing of common fuels like Diesel Oil, Kerosene and LPG. The current formula of making the marketing company share 1/3rd of the subsidy burden ( the up stream and the Government share the rest equally) forces the corporation to cross subsidize price regulated fuels with other fuels that are not regulated like Gasoline, Fuel oil, Aviation Turbine Fuel and Lubricants. This has rendered the corporation's fuels and Lubricant segments uncompetitive with

respect to private marketeers who are delving into the open priced fuel/ Lubricants markets in an aggressive way. The subsidy burden which went over Rs. 300 Billion in 2011 has thereby handicapped the public sector oil companies as a whole and Indian Oil in particular, by virtue of its large share of the energy market. Indian Oil has tried to come out of the disadvantageous position it finds itself visa-vis the private companies like Total Oil India Limited and Reliance Industries, by taking the fight to newer sectors where private players are dominant like Petrochemicals and Alternative Fuels. Petrochemicals is IndianOil's most profitable revenue division currently and massive investments in the recent years have been made in Petrochemical complexes at Panipat refinery and the upcoming Paradip refinery. Despite substantial well directed efforts, the corporation still faces significant challenges in maintaining its current dominance once the imminent free pricing is introduced, although the corporation's vast infrastructure shall also play to its advantage in such a scenario. Refineries: In Assam

Digboi Refinery, in Assam, is India's oldest refinery and was commissioned in 1901. Originally a part of Assam Oil Company, it became part of IndianOil in 1981. Its original refining capacity had been 0.5 MMTPA since 1901. Modernisation project of this refinery was completed by 1996 and the refinery now has an enhanced capacity of 0.65 MMTPA. UOP licensed the technology for the Coking process in this refinery. Guwahati Refinery, the first public sector refinery of the country, was built with Romanian collaboration and was inaugurated by Late Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, on 1 January 1962. Its capacity is 1 MMTPA. Bongaigaon Refinery became the eighth refinery of IndianOil after merger of Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Limited w.e.f. 25 March 2009. It is located at Dhaligaon in Chirang district of Assam, 200 km west of Guwahati.
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In Bihar

Barauni Refinery, in Bihar, was built in collaboration with Russia and Romania. It was commissioned in 1964 with a capacity of 1 MMTPA. Its capacity today is 6 MMTPA.

In Gujarat

Gujarat Refinery, at Koyali (near Vadodara) in Gujarat in Western India, is IndianOils second largest refinery. The refinery was commissioned in 1965. It also houses the first hydrocracking unit of the country. Its present capacity is 13.70 MMTPA.

In West Bengal

Haldia Refinery is the only coastal refinery of the Corporation, situated 136 km downstream of Kolkata in the Purba Medinipur (East Midnapore) district. It was commissioned in 1975 with a capacity of 2.5 MMTPA, which has since been increased to 7.5 MMTPA

In Uttar Pradesh

Mathura Refinery was commissioned in 1982 as the sixth refinery in the fold of IndianOil and with an original capacity of 6.0 MMTPA. Located strategically between the historic cities of Delhi and Agra, the capacity of Mathura refinery was increased to 8.8 MMTPA.

Vision with Values

Values:
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IndianOil nurtures the core values of Care, Innovation, Passion & Trust across the organization in order to deliver value to its stakeholders. Care Stands for

Concern Empathy Understanding Co-operation Empowerment

Innovation Stands for

Creativity Ability to learn Flexibility Change

Passion Stands for

Commitment Dedication Pride Inspiration Ownership Zeal & Zest

Trust Stands for

Delivered promises Reliability Dependability Integrity Truthfulness Transparency

Objectives & Obligations: Objectives :

To serve the national interests in oil and related sectors in accordance and consistent with Government policies. To ensure maintenance of continuous and smooth supplies of petroleum products by way of crude oil refining, transportation and marketing activities and to provide appropriate assistance to consumers to conserve and use petroleum products efficiently. To enhance the countrys self-sufficiency in crude oil refining and build expertise in laying of crude oil and petroleum product pipelines. To further enhance marketing infrastructure and reseller network for providing assured service to customers throughout the country. To create a strong research & development base in refinery processes, product formulations, pipeline transportation and alternative fuels with a view to minimizing/eliminating imports and to have next generation products. To 8iberali 8iberalizat of refining capacity and maximize distillate yield and gross refining margin. To 8iberali 8iberalizat of the existing facilities for improving efficiency and increasing productivity. To 8iberali fuel consumption and hydrocarbon loss in refineries and stock loss in marketing operations to effect energy conservation. To earn a reasonable rate of return on investment. To avail of all viable opportunities, both national and global, arising out of the Government of Indias policy of 8iberalization and reforms. To achieve higher growth through mergers, acquisitions, integration and diversification by harnessing new business opportunities in oil exploration & production, petrochemicals, natural gas and downstream opportunities overseas. To inculcate strong core values among the employees and continuously update skill sets for full exploitation of the new business opportunities. To develop operational synergies with subsidiaries and joint ventures and continuously engage across the hydrocarbon value chain for the benefit of society at large.
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Obligations :

Towards customers and dealers:- To provide prompt, courteous and efficient service and quality products at competitive prices. Towards suppliers:- To ensure prompt dealings with integrity, impartiality and courtesy and help promote ancillary industries. Towards employees:- To develop their capabilities and facilitate their advancement through appropriate training and career planning. To have fair dealings with recognised representatives of employees in pursuance of healthy industrial relations practices and sound personnel policies. Towards community:- To develop techno-economically viable and environment-friendly products. To maintain the highest standards in respect of safety, environment protection and occupational health at all production units. Towards Defence Services:- To maintain adequate supplies to Defence and other para-military services during normal as well as emergency situations.

Financial Objectives :

To ensure adequate return on the capital employed and maintain a reasonable annual dividend on equity capital. To ensure maximum economy in expenditure. To manage and operate all facilities in an efficient manner so as to generate adequate internal resources to meet revenue cost and requirements for project investment, without budgetary support. To develop long-term corporate plans to provide for adequate growth of the Corporations business. To reduce the cost of production of petroleum products by means of systematic cost control measures and thereby sustain market leadership through cost competitiveness. To complete all planned projects within the scheduled time and approved cos

Group Companies

Lanka

IOC

PLC

IndianOil

(Mauritius)

Ltd.

IOC

Middle

East

FZE

Chennai

Petroleum

Corporation

Ltd.

(CPCL)

IndianOil

CREDA

Biofuels

Limited

Joint Ventures (As on 31.03.2012)

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Name of JV

Date of Promoters & Equity Incorporation

Area(s) Operation

of

Avi-Oil India Pvt. 04.11.1993 Ltd.

NYCO SA, France and To blend, Balmer Lawrie & Co. manufacture and Ltd. sell synthetic, semi synthetic and mineral based lubricating oils, greases and hydraulic fluids, related products and specialties for Defence and Civil Aviation uses. DIAL & BPCL For designing, developing, construction, operation, management, maintenance and transfer of Aviation Fuel Facility for T3 Terminal at Delhi Airport City Gas Distribution in Lucknow and Agra.

Delhi Aviation Fuel 28.03.2010 Facility Pvt. Ltd

Green Gas Ltd.

07.10.2005

GAIL (India) Ltd.

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Indo Cat Limited

Pvt. 01.06.2006

Intercat, USA

Manufacturing & marketing of FCC catalysts and additives. To build and operate terminalling services for petroleum products.

IOT Infrastructure 28.08.1996 & Energy Services Ltd.

Oiltanking GmbH, Germany.

IndianOil Petronas 03.12.1998 Private Ltd.

Petronas, Malaysia

To construct and import facilities for LPG import at Haldia and to engage in parallel marketing of LPG. Design, finance, construct, operate & maintain aviation fuel facility projects.

IndianOil 21.08.2006 Skytanking Limited

IOT Infrastructure & Energy Services Ltd., Skytanking GmbH, Germany.

Indian Synthetic 06.07.2010 Rubber Limited

TSRC Taiwan Marubeni Japan

& Implementation of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Project at Panipat

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IndianOil Ruchi 28.05.2010 Biofuels LLP

Ruchi Soya

Implementation of Bio-diesel valuechain project in the state of Uttar Pradesh To manufacture and market chemicals for use as additives in fuels, lubricants and greases.

Lubrizol India 01.04.2000 Private Limited

Lubrizol Inc., USA

NPCIL-IndianOil 06.04.2011 Nuclear Power Corporation Limited

Nuclear Corporation Limited

Power For developing and of India operating Nuclear Power Plants for harnessing and developing nuclear energy for generating electricity

Petronet Limited

LNG 02.04.1998

Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Oil & Natural gas Corporation Ltd., GAIL (India) Ltd, Gaz de France, ADB Bharat

Development of facilities for import and regasification of LNG at Dahej and Kochi. implement

Petronet

India 26.05.1997

Petroleum To

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Limited

Corporation Ltd., Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Reliance Industries Limited, Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Ltd. Trust Company Limited, ICICI Bank Ltd., State Bank of India., Essar Oil Limited. VK 21.05.1998 Petronet India Limited , Reliance Industries Limited & Essar Oil Limited., State Bank of India, Gujarat Industry Investment Corporation, Kandla Port Trust, Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services Limited.; Canara Bank

petroleum products, pipeline projects through Special Purpose Vehicles.

Petronet Limited

To construct and operate a pipeline for transportation of petroleum products from Vadinar to Kandla.

Suntera Nigeria 205 09.05.2006 Limited

Oil India Ltd., Suntera Investments in oil Resources Ltd. and gas industry especially in the upstream sector

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Corporate Logo

The registered logo of IndianOil is

However, whenever the logo is not accompanied by the full name "Indian Oil Corporation Limited", the lettering "IndianOil" in two colours may be incorporated under the logo. The word "IndianOil" when incorporated in running matter should continue to be used as one word with the letter "I" and "O" in capitals as shown. It should be in single colour(Dark Blue) and not in two colours. The significance of the logo: The IndianOil logo essentially has the following elements:

A saffron coloured circle/globe Enclosed by a dark blue coloured outer ring and a dark blue coloured band across on which is written the name IndianOil in Devanagri script The saffron circle represents energy as a derivative of the Sun, connoting life and the future. The dark blue outer ring and the horizontal band symbolize technology for harnessing this energy.

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2. Management

Chairman

R S Butola Chairman IndianOil Board of Directors

Dr. R K Malhotra Director (Research & Development)

Sudhir Bhalla Director (Human Resources)

A M K Sinha Director (Planning & Business Development)

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P K Goyal Director (Finance)

R K Ghosh Director (Refineries)

Makrand Nene Director (Marketing)

V S Okhde Director (Pipelines)

Dr S C Khuntia Additional Secretary and Financial Adviser Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas

Rajive Kumar Additional Secretary Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas

Sudhakar Rao Former Chief Secretary, Karnataka

Ms. Shyamala Gopinath Former Deputy Governor of Reserve Bank of India

Shyam Saran Former Foreign Secretary Govt. of India

Prof. Devang Khakhar Director, Indian Institute of

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Technology, Bombay Chief Vigilance Officer Advisor (Security)

Sunil Kumar Singh Company Secretary

Vipin Kumar

Raju Ranganathan

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3. Major Projects
IndianOil continues to lay emphasis on infrastructure development. Towards this end, a number of schemes have been initiated with increasing emphasis on project execution in compressed schedules as per world benchmarking standards. Schemes for improvement and increased profitability through debottlenecking / modifications / introduction of value added products are being taken up in addition to grassroots facilities. Project systems have been streamlined in line with ISO standards. INTEGRATED CRUDE OIL HANDLING FACILITIES AT PARADIP Project Cost: Rs. 1492.33 crore Expected Commissioning: Both the SPMs have been commissioned with receipt of crude oil in onshore tanks on 31.12.2012 and 22.1.2013. Completion of onshore activities anticipated by March 2013. Benefit: The proposed facilities would enhance crude handling capacity at Paradip port. Brief Description: The proposal is for installation of 2nd SPM for Paradip Refinery and 3rd SPM & sub-sea crude oil transfer pipeline with associated facilities as a part of Integrated Offshore Crude Handling Facilities at Paradip. CONSTRUCTION OF TANKS VADINAR (5 X 85000 KL) Project Cost: Rs. 267.00 crore AND BLENDING FACILITY AT

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Expected Commissioning: Project is mechanically completed and integrated with existing system. However, commissioning will be taken up after completion of rim seal fire protection works, progressively from March 2013 onwards. Benefit: The proposed scheme would ensure the reduction in demurrage being paid at Vadinar crude oil receipt terminal. Brief Description: Project consists of construction 5 tanks of 85000 KL capacity each to store HS-Heavy crude oil along with crude oil mixing facility at Vadinar. STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) AT PANIPAT Project Cost: Rs. 890 crore Expected Commissioning: 1st quarter 2013 Benefit: Value addition for naphtha / butadiene by forward integration with SBR. Brief Description: As part of integrating petrochemical value chain and enhancing value from the Naphtha Cracker at Panipat, this project envisages production of Styrene Butadiene Rubber from the Butadiene feedstock available from the Naphtha Cracker. This project is being executed as a joint venture Indian Synthetic Rubber Ltd. (ISRL) - between IndianOil; Marubeni, Japan; and TSRC, Taiwan. BUTADIENE EXTRACTION UNIT AT PANIPAT Project Cost: Rs. 341.50 crore Expected Commissioning: April 2013 Benefit: This project would provide feedstock for the upcoming Styrene Butadiene Rubber project at Panipat. Brief Description: As a part of integrating petrochemical value chain and enhancing the value addition from Panipat Naphtha Cracker Project (PNCP),
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production of Styrene Butadiene Rubber from butadiene feedstock available from Panipat Naphtha Cracker project is envisaged. REVAMP OF FCC UNIT AT MATHURA Project Cost: Rs. 1000.00 crore Expected Commissioning: August 2013 (Completion is linked to the availability of unit shutdown likely in Jul - Aug13 depending on the product demand and availability situation) Benefit: The project would improve reliability of the unit, increase LPG production consequently, maximize value added propylene to be recovered from LPG stream through PRU revamp. Brief Description: Project consists of Revamp of Reactor Regenerator Section, Third Stage Separator (TSS) for reduction of particulate emission, modification in the Gas-Con Section and the OSBL (outside battery limit), Revamp of existing Propylene Recovery Unit (PRU) and other related facilities. GRASSROOTS REFINERY PROJECT AT PARADIP (ORISSA) Project Cost: Rs. 29,777.00 crore Expected Commissioning: November 2013 Benefit: The project will help in partially meeting the deficit in distillates viz. LPG, Naphtha, MS, Jet/Kero, Diesel and other products, in the eastern part of the country. The complex will generate intermediate petrochemicals feedstock. Brief Description: A 15 MMTPA refinery is being constructed at Paradip in Orissa. The refinery will have, apart from a Crude and Vacuum Distillation Unit, a Hydrocracking Unit, a Delayed Coker Unit and other secondary processing facilities. This will be the most modern refinery in India with a nil-residue production, and the products would meet stringent specifications. IndianOil has
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taken over 3344 acres of land for the project and necessary infrastructure development jobs prior to setting up of the main refinery are in progress. PARADIP-RAIPUR-RANCHI PIPELINE Project Cost: Rs. 1793.60 crore Expected Commissioning: Project is delayed due to delay in receipt of Forest Clearance. 1st stage forest clearance for the project in Odisha received on 22.2.2013 to commence work in non-forest land. Anticipated completion of the project shall be worked out upon receipt of 2nd stage forest clearance for Odisha and Jharkhand. Benefit: The proposed pipeline would ensure the evacuation of Paradip Refinery products and uninterrupted supply to major parts of Orissa, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. Brief Description: Project consists of laying of 1108 km long product pipeline with intermediate pumping stations at Jatni and New Sambalpur and delivery stations at Jatni, Jharsuguda, Ranchi, Raipur and Korba. The pipeline will be having a telescopic diameter of 18/14/12/10 OD. DE-BOTTLENECKING OF SALAYA-MATHURA CRUDE PIPLEINE Project Cost: Rs. 1584.00 crore Expected Commissioning: 30 months after receipt of statutory clearances Benefit: With the proposed de-bottlenecking/augmentation of SMPL, the refineries would be in a position to process more crude oil. Brief Description: The proposal is for enhancing the capacity of SalayaViramgam section from 21 MMTPA to 25.0 MMTPA, [Viramgam-Koyali section from 8.5 MMTPA to 9.0 MMTPA, Viramgam-Chaksu section from 13.5 MMTPA to 16.5 MMTPA, Chaksu-Mathura section from 7.5 MMTPA to 9.2
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MMTPA and Chaksu-Panipat section from 6 MMTPA to 7.3 MMTPA]. Paradip-Haldia-Durgapur LPG Pipeline Project Cost: Rs. 913.00 crore Expected Commissioning: 30 months after receipt of statutory clearances Benefit: The pipeline will facilitate cost-effective transportation of LPG from Paradip and Haldia to the LPG bottling plants at Balasore, Budge Budge, Kalyani & Durgapur. Brief Description: The proposal envisages laying a pipeline for transportation of LPG from Paradip and Haldia to the LPG bottling plants at Balasore, Budge Budge, Kalyani & Durgapur. Total length of the pipeline is estimated to be about 700 km. Augmentation of Paradip-Haldia-Barauni Crude Oil Pipeline Project Cost: Rs. 586.00 crore Expected Commissioning: 30 months after receipt of statutory clearances Benefit: The project would enhance the existing capacity from 11.0 MMTPA to 15.2 MMTPA Brief Description: The proposal envisages laying of 65 KM loopline and construction of 5 nos. of 60,000 KL tanks at Paradip and 1 tank of 40,000 KL capacity at Barauni. The project also envisages construction of one additional pumping station and providing additional pumping

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4. PRODUCTS
1) Indane Gas: Indane is today one of the largest packed-LPG brands in the world and has been conferred the coveted Consumer Superbrand status by the Superbrands Council of India. Having launched LPG marketing in the mid-60s, IndianOil has been credited with bringing about a kitchen revolution, spreading warmth and cheer in millions of households with the introduction of the clean and efficient cooking fuel. It has led to a substantial improvement in the health of women, especially in rural areas by replacing smoky and unhealthy chulha. Indane is today an ideal fuel for modern kitchens, synonymous with safety, reliability and convenience. With the status of an exclusive business vertical within the Corporation, the Indane network delivers 1.2 million cylinders a day to the doorsteps of over 53 million households, making IndianOil the second largest marketer of LPG globally, after SHV Gas of The Netherlands. Indane is available in compact 5 kg cylinders for rural, hilly and inaccessible areas, 14.2 kg cylinders for domestic use, and 19 kg and 47.5 kg for commercial and industrial use. LPG is a blend of Butane and Propane readily liquefied under moderate pressure. LPG vapour is heavier than air; thus it normally settles down in low-lying places. Since LPG has only a faint scent, a mercaptan odorant is added to help in its detection. In the event of an LPG leak, the vapourisation of liquid cools the atmosphere and condenses the water vapour contained in it to form a whitish fog, which is easy to observe. LPG in fairly large concentrations displaces oxygen leading to a nauseous or suffocating feeling.

2) Auto Gas:
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AutoGas (LPG) is a clean, high octane, abundant and eco-friendly fuel. It is obtained from natural gas through fractionation and from crude oil through refining. It is a mixture of petroleum gases like propane and butane. The higher energy content in this fuel results in a 10% reduction of CO2 emission as compared to MS. AutoGas is a gas at atmospheric pressure and normal temperatures, but it can be liquefied when moderate pressure is applied or when the temperature is sufficiently reduced. This property makes the fuel an ideal energy source for a wide range of applications, as it can be easily condensed, packaged, stored and utilised. When the pressure is released, the liquid makes up about 250 times its volume as gas, so large amounts of energy can be stored and transported compactly. The use of LPG as an automotive fuel has become legal in India with effect from April 24, 2000, albeit within the prescribed safety terms and conditions. Hitherto, the thousands of LPG vehicles running in various cities have been doing so illegally by using domestic LPG cylinders, a very unsafe practice. Using domestic LPG cylinders in automobiles is still illegal. The fuel is marketed by IndianOil under the brand name AutoGas "IndianOil has setup 350 Auto LPG Dispensing Stations (ALDS) covering 192 cities across India." AutoGas impacts greenhouse emissions less than any other fossil fuel when measured through the total fuel cycle. Conversion of petrol to AutoGas helps substantially reduce air pollution caused by vehicular emissions. The saving on account of conversion to AutoGas in comparison to petrol is about 35-40%. Low filling times and the 35-40% saving is a reason enough for a consumer to convert his vehicle to AutoGas.

3) Natural Gas Drawing on its vast experience and carefully nurtured skill sets, IndianOil has made successful forays in diverse areas such as Natural Gas, Petrochemicals, Exploration

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& Production, Renewable Energy, etc. Over the years, Natural Gas has emerged as the 'fuel of choice' across the world. It is steadily replacing traditional fossil fuels due to its environment friendly characteristics which help in meeting the stipulated automobile emission norms. Natural Gas has significant cost advantages over fuels such as Naphtha and commercial LPG. Demand for Natural Gas in India is primarily driven by the fertiliser and power sectors, which account for almost two-third of the countrys gas consumption. IndianOil has co-promoted Petronet LNG Limited (PLL) for setting up LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) terminals at Dahej & Kochi. IndianOil has marketing rights for 30% quantity of the LNG procured by PLL from RasGas on long term basis at Dahej besides long term contract at Kochi. Demand for Natural gas in India is growing and cannot be met by the current indigenous production. Hence, IndianOil is in the process of sourcing more quantities of LNG to meet the increasing requirements.

4) Petrol/Gasoline Automotive gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends are used in internal combustion spark-ignition engines. These spark ignition engine fuels are primarily used for passenger cars. They are also used in off-highway utility vans, farm machinery and in other spark ignition engines employed in a variety of service applications. Gasoline is a complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons that vary widely in chemical & physical properties and are derived from fractional distillation of crude petroleum with a further treatment mainly in terms of improvement of its octane rating. The hundreds of individual hydrocarbons in gasoline range from c4 to c11. An oxygenate is an oxygen-containing, ashless organic compound (such as an alcohol or ether) which can be used as a fuel or fuel supplement. Motor gasoline is sold at retail outlets where it is directly delivered into the automobile tank. The Indian

26

Standard governing the properties of motor gasoline & gasoline-oxygenate blends is IS 2796 : 2000 (3rd Rev). In view of the auto fuel policy issued by Govt of India, more & more stringent specifications (equivalent to Euro II, Euro III, Euro IV) are being made applicable for the gasolines being marketed in India. This has led to reduction of environmentally polluting factors in gasolines. XTRAPREMIUM XTRAPREMIUM petrol is a much sought-after fuel among discerning motorists who are in many ways emotionally attached to their wheels. The Clean and Keep Clean function of the super cleanser additive in XTRAPREMIUM reduces deposits at the port fuel injector, intake valve and controls combustion chamber deposits to maintain "like new" performance of the vehicle. Regular use of XTRAPREMIUM gives the vehicle a superior pick-up, smoother drive, better mileage and lower emission. XTRAPREMIUM is designed not only to optimise performance of new generation vehicles but also rejuvenate old vehicles to perform better. Little wonder, IndianOils XTRAPREMIUM petrol is the largest selling branded petrol in India

5) Diesel/Gas oil

Petroleum derived diesel (called as petrodiesel) is a mixture of straight run product (150 C and 350 C) with varying amount of selected cracked

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distillates and is composed of saturated hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including n , iso , and cycloparaffins), and aromatic hydrocarbons (including napthalenes and alkylbenzenes). Diesel is used in diesel engines, a type of internal combustion engine. Rudolf Diesel originally designed the diesel engine to use coal dust as a fuel, but oil proved more effective. Diesel engines are used in cars, motorcycles, boats and locomotives. Automotive diesel fuel serves to power trains, buses, trucks, and automobiles, to run construction, petroleum drilling and other off-road equipment and to be the prime mover in a wide range of power generation & pumping applications. The diesel engine is high compression, self-ignition engine. Fuel is ignited by the heat of high compression and no spark plug is used. The Indian Standard governing the properties of diesel fuels is IS 1460:2005 (5th Rev). Important characteristics are ignition characteristics, handling at low temperature, flash point. Diesel fuel often contains higher quantities of sulphur. In India , emission standards (equivalent to Euro II, Euro III, Euro IV) have necessitated oil refineries to dramatically reduce the level of sulphur in diesel in view of the auto fuel policy brought in force by Govt of India. BIS has brought out specification for "Diesel with 5% Biodiesel" that may be marketed in near future. XTRAMILE IndianOils XTRAMILE Super Diesel, the leader in the branded diesel segment, is blended with world-class multi-functional fuel additives. Commercial vehicle owners choose XTRAMILE because they see a clear value benefit in terms of superior mileage, lower maintenance costs and improved engine protection. A growing section of customers who own diesel automobiles, both in the lifestyle and passenger

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category, prefer XTRAMILE as a fuel for its added and enhanced performance. XTRAMILE has brought in a huge savings in the high mileage commercial vehicles segment. Transport fleets that operate a large number of trucks crisscrossing the country are using XTRAMILE to benefit from higher mileage and reduced maintenance costs. 6) ATF/Jet Fuel IndianOil Aviation Service is a leading aviation fuel solution provider in India and the most-preferred supplier of jet fuel to major international and domestic airlines. Between one sunrise and the next, IndianOil Aviation Service refuels over 1500 flights from the bustling metros to the remote airports linking the vast Indian landscape, from the icy heights of Leh (the highest airport in the world at 10,682 ft) to the distant islands of Andaman & Nicobar. Jet fuel is a colorless, combustible, straight-run petroleum distillate liquid. Its principal uses are as jet engine fuel. The most common jet fuel worldwide is a kerosene-based fuel classified as JET A-1.The governing specifications in India are IS 1571: 2001 (7th Rev). IndianOil is India's first ISO-9002 certified oil company conforming to stringent global quality requirements of aviation fuel storage & handling. IndianOil Aviation also caters to the fuel requirements of the Indian Defence Services, besides refueling VVIP flights at all the airports and remote heli-pads/heli-bases across the Indian subcontinent. IndianOil Aviation group regularly organises International Aviation conferences that act as a vital information facilitator with participation from leading international and all domestic airlines, allied industries, statutory aviation authorities and government agencies from over 35 countries. IndianOil is the only oil company in India to market the widest possible range of fuels used by the aviation industry in India- JP-5, Avgas 100LL, Methanol Water

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Mixture, Jet A-1 and aviation lubricants, etc. Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF) is dispensed from specially designed refuellers, which are driven up to parked airplanes and helicopters. Major airports have hydrant refuelling systems that pump the fuel right up to the filling outlets on the tarmac through underground pipelines for faster refuelling. Essentially, ATF is pumped into an aircraft by two methods: Overwing and Underwing. Overwing fuelling is used on smaller planes, helicopters, and piston-engine aircraft and is similar to automobile fuelling - one or more fuel ports are opened and fuel is pumped in with a conventional pump. Underwing fuelling, also called single-point is used on larger aircraft. To ensure that you receive the best service, every one of our 101 AFSs follows specific quality audits based on a Quality Control Index System benchmarked to global standards. In addition, 15 Quality Certification Laboratories provide complete specification tests round-the-clock. Ensuring that these standards are always upheld, there is a back up of a highly skilled, qualified and dedicated team of officers and refueling crew. IndianOil has a strategic partnership with Air BP, the world leader in aviation business. IndianOil regularly organizes seminars, symposiums and workshops to constantly interact with its partners, which apart from being a two-way channel of communication, helps us to stay abreast with advances in technology.

7) SERVO lubricants & greases SERVO brand, from IndianOil, is the brand leader among lubricants and greases in India and has been conferred the Consumer Superbrand status by the Superbrands Council of India. Recognised for its brand leadership by the World Brand Congress and as a Master Brand by CMO, Asia, SERVO has now carved a significant niche in over 20 countries across the globe.

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With over 1000 commercial grades and over 1,500 formulations encompassing literally every conceivable application, SERVO serves as a one-stop shop for complete lubrication solutions in the automotive, industrial and marine segments. Recognised for cutting-edge technology and high-quality products, SERVO is backed by IndianOil's world-class R&D and an extensive blending and distribution network. The recent top-end offerings in the segment are all-new engine oils on a differentiated synthetic platformSERVO Futura Synth, a 100% synthetic premium lubricant for diesel & petrol cars and SERVO 4T Synth, engine oil with advanced synthetic chemistry for 4-stroke two-wheelersrepresent a big leap in bringing technologically advanced motor oils of global standards to the Indian market. Both the products offer outstanding engine protection and performance that far surpasses the benefits offered by conventional mineral-oil based lubricants. (Please refer to the product sub-segment on this website for product specifications and recommendations of the newly-launched products). In the retailing segment, besides IndianOil petrol stations, SERVO range of lubricants is available through a network of a unique SERVO Stockist Management System (SSMS) across the country. The products are available in every corner of the country through various retailing initiatives like SERVOXPRESS stations, bazaar outlets and thousands of auto spare parts shops across the country along with a unique concept of Gramin SERVO Stockists to reach the rural hinterland. SERVOXPRESS vehicle servicing centres are one-stop shops for quick, easy and convenient auto care, offering a refreshing experience to motorists. Opened in convenient locations like malls, petrol pumps or as stand-alone units, SERVOXPRESS stations have facilities for engine oil change, tyre & battery check-ups, airconditioner service, vacuum cleaning, perfuming, upholstery cleaning, polishing, lamination installation, etc., besides replacement of minor parts for two and fourwheeler vehicles.

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8) Marine Fuels & Lubricants IndianOil caters to all types of bunker fuels and lubricants required by various types of vessels operating throughout the world in the shipping industry. Bunker supplies are made at all major ports of India; Mumbai, Kandla, Vasco, Chennai, Tuticorin, Kakinada, Visakhapatnam, Kochi, New Mangalore, Kolkata, Paradip, JNPT, Port Blair and Haldia. Apart from meeting 100% bunker requirement of the Indian Navy, it also supplies bunker fuels to all major shipping and dredging companies of India. Spot requirement of different vessels calling at Indian ports are met through nominations received from local shipping agents and international bunker traders/brokers. While IndianOil supplies Furnace Oil (FO) and High Flash High Speed Diesel (HFHSD) meeting stringent BIS specifications, it also offers the entire range of SERVO brand marine grade lubricants. Supplies are made through pipelines, barges and tank-trucks. Bunker supplies are undertaken through pipeline at specified jetties at Haldia, Vasco, Port Blair, Mangalore, Visakhapatnam, Kakinada, JNPT (Mumbai) and Chennai. Tank trucks are used for bunker supplies at Tuticorin, Paradip, Port Blair, Mangalore and Haldia. Barges are used for bunker supplies at jetties and inner anchorages at Haldia, Mumbai, Kandla, Visakhapatnam, Kochi and Chennai. IndianOil has also started supplying Bonded 380 cst FO bunker fuel from Chennai from May 2009 as per ISO 8217:2005 specifications. The price of this product is internationally competitive and revised on a weekly basis based on MOPS (Mean of Platts-Singapore).

9) Kerosene Kerosenes are distillate fractions of crude oil in the boiling range of 150-250C. They are treated mainly for reducing aromatic content to increase their smoke point (height of a smokeless flame) and hydrofining to reduce sulphur content and to improve

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odour, colour & burning qualities (char value). Kerosene is used as a domestic fuel for heating / lighting and also for manufacture of insecticides/herbicides/fungicides to control pest, weeds and fungi. Since kerosene is less volatile than gasoline, increase in its evaporation rate in domestic burners is achieved by increasing surface area of the oil to be burned and by increasing its temperature. The two types of burners which achieve this fall into two categories namely vaporisers & atomisers.

10) Crude oil

Crude oil - as petroleum directly out of the ground is called - is a remarkably varied substance, both in its use and composition. Crude oil is formed from the preserved remains of prehistoric zooplankton and algae, which have been settled to the sea (or lake) bottom in large quantities under anoxic conditions. It was formed over millions of years from the remains of tiny aquatic plants and animals that lived in ancient seas due to compression and heating of ancient organic materials over geological time. The oldest oil-bearing rocks date back to more than 600 million years, the youngest being as old as about 1 million years. Although various types of hydrocarbons - molecules made of hydrogen and carbon atoms - form the basis of all crude oils, they differ in their configurations. The chemical structure of petroleum is composed of hydrocarbon chains of different lengths. Because of this, petroleum may be taken to oil refineries and the hydrocarbon chemicals separated by distillation and treated by other chemical processes, to be used for a variety of purposes. It can be a straw-colored liquid or tarblack solid. Red, green and brown hues are not uncommon. Crude oil is classified by the location of its origin (e.g. West Texas Intermediate, WT, Brent, Dubai or Minas) and often by its relative weight or viscosity (light, intermediate or heavy); refiners may also refer to it as `sweet, which means it contains relatively little sulphur, or as `sour, which means it contains substantial amounts of sulphur and requires more refining in order to meet current product

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specifications. The number of carbon atoms determines the oil's relative `weight or density. Gases generally have one to four carbon atoms, while heavy oils and waxes may have 50, and asphalts, hundreds.

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5.Services
1.Refining
Born from the vision of achieving self-reliance in oil refining and marketing for the nation, IndianOil has gathered a luminous legacy of more than 100 years of accumulated experiences in all areas of petroleum refining by taking into its fold, the Digboi Refinery commissioned in 1901. At present, IndianOil controls 10 of Indias 22 refineries. The strength of IndianOil springs from its experience of operating the largest number of refineries in India and adapting to a variety of refining processes along the way. Having absorbed state-of-the-art technologies of leading process licensors like UOP, Chevron, IFP, Stone & Webster, Mobil, Haldor Topsoe, KTI/Technip, Linde, CD-Tech, Stork Comprimo, etc., IndianOil in an excellent position to offer O&M services for latest technologies such as distillate FCCUs, Resid FCCUs, hydrocrackers, reformers (both semi-regenerative and continuous catalytic regeneration types), lube processing units, catalytic de-waxing units, cokers, coke calciners, visbreakers, merox, hydro-treaters for kero and gasoil streams, etc. IndianOil refineries also have units for producing specialty products such as bitumen, LPG, MTBE, Butene-1, Propylene, Xylenes, Di-Methyl Terephthalate (DMT), polyester staple fibre (PSF) and other petrochemicals like Linear Alkyl Benzene, Paraxylene (PX), Purified Terepthalic Acid (PTA), etc. The Corporation has commissioned several grassroot refineries and modern process units. Procedures for commissioning and start-up of individual units and the refinery have been well laid-out and enshrined in various customised operating manuals, which are continually updated. IndianOil also offers the specialised services of its experts for commissioning/start-up assistance depending on the clients need. Its team is also well-equipped to prepare operation manuals with clear instructions for plant start-up, operation, shutdown, emergency handling, etc. On the environment front, all IndianOil refineries fully comply with the statutory
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requirements. Several Clean Development Mechanism projects have also been initiated.

2.Marketing
IndianOil provides a wide range of marketing services and consultancy in fuel handling, distribution, storage and fuel/lube technical services. With a formidable bank of technical and engineering talent, IndianOil is fully equipped to handle small to large-scale infrastructural projects in the petroleum downstream sector anywhere in the country. Our project teams have independently or jointly as a consortium, have set up depots, terminals, pipelines, aviation fuel stations, filling plants, LPG bottling plants, amongst others. IndianOil's fuel management system to bulk customers offer customized solutions that deliver least cost supplies keeping in mind usage patterns and inventory levels. A wide network of lubricant and fuel testing laboratories are available at major installations which is further backed by sector-wise expertise in the core sectors of power, steel, fertilizer, gas plants, textile mills, etc. Cutting edge systems and processes are designed around one simple belief-to provide valuable customers with an unbeatable edge in their business. IndianOil's supply and distribution network is strategically located across the country linked through a customized supply chain system backed by front offices located in conceivably every single town of consequence. The wide network of services offered by IndianOil, Marketing Division is illustrated in this section, which includes; commercial/reticulated LPG; total fuel management/ consumer pumps; IndianOil Aviation Service; LPG Business (non-fuel alliances); loyalty programs; retail business (non-fuel alliances) and SERVO technical services.

3.Pipeline

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In Indias infrastructure, the petroleum pipelines form a crucial part enabling sustained availability of petroleum products in all parts of the country for economic growth. The pipelines transport petroleum products from refineries to demand areas and crude oil from import terminals as well as domestic sources to the inland refineries. India being a vast country, a wide network of pipelines becomes the paramount requirement of transporting petroleum products to interiors from refineries and crude oil to the land locked refineries. It is an established fact that pipelines are preferred as a cost effective, energy efficient, safe and environment friendly method of transportation for petroleum products and crude oil and are playing a leading role in meeting the demand for petroleum products in India. Economic growth and expansion of infrastructure in India offer opportunities to better utilize the existing pipeline network in addition to expand by constructing new pipelines.

IndianOil, the pioneer in cross-country petroleum product pipeline in the Indian sub-continent constructed and commissioned its first petroleum product pipeline, Guwahati-Siliguri Pipeline in the year 1964. Since then IndianOil has mastered the art and technology of pipeline engineering. Over the last four decades the pipeline network of IndianOil has grown to 11,214 km IndianOils sustained pursuit and implementation of proven safety and environmental management systems have brought rich results. All operating pipeline units have been accredited with ISO 9000 and ISO 14001 certificates. Various initiatives in the field of project management, operations and maintenance including training in countries like Oman, Ethiopia, Kuwait and Sudan have been undertaken. Today IndianOil is well placed to provide seamless services in the entire spectrum of petroleum pipelines covering techno-economic feasibility studies, design and detailed engineering, project execution, operations and maintenance, consultancy services in augmentation and modernization, etc. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and application software

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expertise are available from project implementation to commissioning including field services, maintenance and operational support. Tanker handling, petroleum product and crude oil accounting, quality control, ocean loss control, pigging procedure development and analysis of pigging data, selection, testing and evaluation of drag reducers, operations and maintenance of tank farm and pump stations are other areas of expertise available with IndianOils Pipelines Division.

4.Research & Development

IndianOil's worldclass R&D Centre, established in 1972, has state-of the art facilities and has delivered pioneering results in lubricants technology, refining process, pipeline transportation, bio-fuels and fuel-efficient appliances. Over the past three decades, IndianOil R&D Centre has developed over thousands of formulations of lubricating oils and greases responding to the needs of Indian industry and consuming sectors like Defence, Railways, Public Utilities and Transportation. The Centre has also developed and introduced many new lubricant products to the Indian market like multigrade railroad oils. Focused research in the areas of lubricants and grease formulations, fuels, refining processes, biotechnology, additives, pipeline transportations, engine evaluation, tribiological and emission studies, and applied metallurgy has won several awards. The R&D Centers activities in refining technology are targeted in the areas of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), hydroprocessing, catalysis, reside upgradation, distillation simulation and modeling, lube processing, crude evaluation, process optimization, material failure analysis and remaining life assessment and technical services to operating units. In FCC, apart from process optimization and catalyst evaluation the accent is

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on the development of novel technologies aimed at value addition to various refinery streams. IndianOil's R&D Centre is fully equipped to provide technical support to commercial hydrocracker units in the evaluation of feedstocks and catalysts, optimization of operating parameters, evaluation of licensors' process technologies, development of novel processes and simulation models. Material failure analysis and remaining life assessment of refinery equipment and installations is a highly specialized service being provided by the R&D Centre to the refineries of IndianOil as well as other companies. With a vision of evolving into a leader as technology provider through excellence in management of knowledge, technology and innovation, IndianOil has launched IndianOil Technology Ltd. The new subsidiary markets the intellectual properties developed by IndianOil R&D Centre.

5.Training
Success is people driven. Building competencies through training is one of the core strengths of IndianOil. The IndianOil Institute of Petroleum Management- a centre of excellence for nurturing future leadership, situated on the outskirts of New Delhi, conducts advanced management education programmes in collaboration with premier business schools and top line professionals. IndianOil operates 18 training centers across the country for up-skilling, re-skilling and multi-skilling of employees in its pursuit of corporate excellence. IndianOil has been serving as a source of technical support and expertise to petroleum companies of carious countries across the globe. Some of these countries,
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which have partnered for excellence, include Sri Lanka, Kuwait, Bahrain Iraq, Abu Dhabi, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Algeria, Nigeria, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Malaysia and Zambia.

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6.Conclusion

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. is India's largest company by sales with a turnover of Rs. 4,14,909 crore and profit of Rs 5,005 crore for the year 2012-13. IndianOil is the highest ranked Indian company in the latest Fortune Global 500 listings, ranked at the 88th position. IndianOil's vision is driven by a group of dynamic leaders who have made it a name to reckon with. It is the fifth most valued brand in India according to an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and The Economic Timesin 2010 The main products of IndianOil are petrol, diesel, LPG, auto LPG, aviation turbine fuel, lubricants and petrochemicals: naphtha,bitumen, kerosene etc. The main services offered by IndianOil are Refining, Marketing, Pipelines, R&D and Training. IndianOil's Research and Development Center (R&D) at Faridabad supports, develops and provides the necessary technology solutions to the operating divisions of the corporation and its customers within the country and abroad. the corporation still faces significant challenges in maintaining its current dominance position due to increased competition from private firms.

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6. WEBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.iocl.com/home.aspx

http://www.iocl.com/aboutus.aspx

http://www.iocl.com/products.aspx

http://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/indianoilcorporation

www.indianoil.com

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