Veena Tutorials Algebra Chapter ILinear Equations in two variables. Exercise 1.

1 Solve the following linear equations in one variable. 1. x + 9 = 4x 2. y 4 = 3y 10 3. 5. x+3= = 4. x + 2 = 2 1 6. 4(m + 3) = 16

Exercise 1.2 1. Take 1 cm = 1 unit on both axes and plot the following points. A(-1, 2), B(-2, -3) C(4, 0), D(0, -5), E(5.3, 1.7), 2. Plot the points P(3, 2), Q(-1, 2) and R(-3, 2). Are the points collinear? If so draw the line passing through them. 3. Draw the graphs of x -5 = 0 and y = 3 on the same graph paper and find their point of intersection. 4. Draw the graphs of the following equations on the same co-ordinate system: (i) x + y = 0, (ii) x y = 0 and (iii) y = 2x. Are the lines concurrent? If so write the coordinates of point of intersection. 5. Draw the graph of y + 2x = 7. 6. Draw the graph of 3x + 5y = 15, find the points where the line meets X-axis and Y-axis. 7. If (4, a) is the point lying on the graph of equation 7x + 2y = 42, then what is the value of a? 8. If the point (3, -1) lies on the graph of the equation ax + 7y = 2, then find a.

Exercise 1.3 1. Solve the following simultaneous equations by using Graphical method. (i) x + y = 7, 2x 3y = 9 (ii) x + 4y = 7, 2x y = 5 (iii) y = 6 3x, y=4x (iv) 2x = 5 y, 3x = y + 5 (v) 2x y 7 = 0, x+y+1=0 (vi) x + 2y = 9, x 2y = -5 2. Draw the graphs of the following equations with the same co-ordinate system. (i) y = 2x + 3, (ii) y = 2x and (iii) y = 2x 2 Do these lines intersect each other? 3. Plot the graphs of the following equations. 7x + y + 7 = 0 (a) x y+1=0 . (b) and 5x y 7 = 0 . (c) Do these three lines intersect in a single point? If yes, write the co-ordinates of that point, if not then do the lines intersect pairwise? Find the co-ordinates of these points of intersections. Exercise 1.4 1. Solve each of the following simultaneous equations using the method of elimination by substitution. (i) x+y=7 2x y = 20 (ii) 2x y 3 = 0 4x y 5 = 0 (iii) 2m + n + 2 =0 3m n = 7 (iv) 5p = 3q 1, p+3=q (v) 2x + 3y = -4, x 5y = 11 (vi) 4s = 3t + 5, st= (vii) 5x + 8y = 9, 2x + 3y = 4 (viii) x y = 2, 4x 3y = -1 2. Without plotting graphs find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the lines x + y = 4 and 3x + y = 6.

Exercise 1.5 Solve the following simultaneous equations. 1. x y = 7, x + y = 11 2. x + y = 5, 3x 2y = 10 3. 2x + 3y = 0, 3x + 4y = 5 4. 5m + 8n = 9, 2m + 3n = 4 5. 15x + 17y = 21, 17x + 15y = 11 6. 37p + 53q = 69, 7. 8. 9. x = 10.7(y + 3) -2(x + 2) = 14, 11. x + 3y = + 5y = 13, = 3, 53p + 37q = 21 2x + = 19 =1 = 4(y 2) + 3(x 3) = 2 x 3y =

12. 13.

+ = 12,
= 35, + 2 = 10 = + = 85, = -1, =

3y + +

=1
= 53 = 14 = 10

14.3x 15. 16. 17.

= 89.

Exercise 1.6 1. Find the value of the following determinants. (i) | | (ii) | | (iii) | | (iv) | |

(v) |

(vi) |

| (vii) |

| (viii) |

2. Solve the following equations by Cramers Rule. (i) 3x 4y = 7, 5x + 2y = 3 (ii) x + y = 6, 3x 2y = -12 (iii) x + 2y = 1, 2x 3y = 12 (iv) 3x 4y = 10, 4x + 3y = 5 (v) 2x + 3y = 8, 3x + 2y 7 = 0 (vi) 2x = 5y 1, x=y1 (vii) y = 2x 19, 2x 3y + 3 = 0

Exercise 1.7 1. The sum of two numbers is 146 and their difference is 18. numbers.

Find the

2. The perimeter of an isosceles triangle is 21 cm. If the length of congruent sides is greater than base by 3 cm then find the length of each side of the isosceles triangle. 3. Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 4. If 8 is added to each number, their new ratio becomes 4 : 5, find the numbers. 4. Ali is three times as old as John. After 3 years Ali will be two and half times as old as John. Find their present ages.

5. Sum of ages of mother and her daughter is 60. After 15 years mothers age will be twice as that of her daughters age at that time. Find their present ages. 6. Three chairs and two tables cost Rs. 1850. Five chairs and three tables cost Rs. 2850. Find the cost of four chairs and one table. 7. A two digit number is 4 times the sum of its digits. If 18 is added to the number, the new number obtained is that by interchanging the digits of the original number. Find the numbers. 8. The denominator of a fraction is 4 more than twice the numerator. When both numerator and denominator are decreased by 6, then the denominator becomes 12 times the numerator. Find the fraction. 9. The monthly income of Yusuf and Josef are in the ratio 4 : 3. Each of them saves Rs. 600 per month. If the ratio of their expenditures is 3 : 2\, then what is the monthly income of Yusuf? 10.The length of rectangle is 2 cm more than twice its breadth. Perimeter of rectangle is 82 cm. Find its length and breadth.

Problem Set - I Section A. 1. Verify whether (i) x = 2, y = 1, (ii) x = , y = 6 are the solutions of equation 3x + y = 7. Find two more solutions of the same equation. 2. Draw the graph of 2x = 5 y. Check whether the points (2, 1) and (1, 2) lie on this graph or not. 3. If x = 1, y = a is the solution of the equation x + 3 y = 10, then find a. 4. If x = 2, y = 3 is the solution of 2x + ky = 1, find k. 5. (a, 2) is the point of intersection of the lines x + 2y = 7 and y = 2 find a.

6. Draw the graph of 2x 5 = 0 and y + 1 = 0. Find the coordinates of their point of intersection. 7. What is the equation of Xaxis, hence find the point of intersection of x + y = 5 with X-axis. 8. What is the equation of Y-axis, hence find the point of intersection where the line 3x y + 4 = 0 cuts Y-axis? 9. Without plotting the graphs, find the point of intersection of the lines 2x y = 5 and 3x + 2y = 11. 10.Draw the graph of the line 2x + 3y = 6. Find the coordinates of the points where this line cuts X-axis and Y-axis. Name the points as A and B respectively. Find the area of OAB. 11.Plot the lines 4x + 2y = 5 and 2x + y = 1. Do the lines intersect? 12.Find the values of the determinants. (i) | | (ii) | | | (iii) | | |

13. Solve the following simultaneous equations by Graphical method. (i) xy+1=0 x+y=5 (ii) x + 2y = 4, 3x + 2y = 8 14.Solve the following simultaneous equations. (i) 3x 2y = 1, (ii) 4m + 3n = 18, (iii) 7(y+3) 2(x + 2) = 14, (iv) (v) x+ =4 0.6x 0.4y = 0,

x + 4y = 12 3m 2n = 5 3x + 4y = 19 + 2y = 5 0.5x + 0.8y = 3.4

(vi) (vii)

+ = 4, = y 2,

=4

(viii) 6x + 5y = 7x + 3y + 1 = 2x + 12y 2 (ix) = =

15.Solve the following simultaneous equations. (i) 4x + 3y = 24, 3x + 4y = 25 (ii) 15p + 17q = 81 17p + 15q = 79 (iii) 23s = 25t + 215, 25s = 23t + 217 (iv) 49x 57y = 172 57x 49y = 252 (v) ax + by = 5, bx + ay = 3 where a, b are constant. 16.Solve the following equations using proper substitution. (i) + =7 , + =5 (ii) (iii) - = -1 . + = 27, + + =8 = 33

17.Solve the following equations by Cramers rule. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) x+y=3 , x + 4y + 9 = 0, 3x 4y = 1 , 2x + 3y = 2 , 2x + y + 2 = 0 5x = 3y + 1 4x 3y = 6 x- =

18.Without drawing the graphs, show that the following equations are of concurrent lines. (i) (ii) y = 3x 5 , 4x + 3y = 18 , y = 5 2x , 3x 2y = 5 , 6x + 5y = 17 x+y=5

SECTION B Solve each of the following problems by using two variables. 1. Jesika and Jaya have total 55 story books. If Jaya has four times as many books as Jesika has, then find the number of books each one has. 2. In a right angled triangle, one of the acute angle exceeds the other by 10o. Find the measures of both the acute angles in the right angled triangle. 3. Sum of the ages of two brothers is 36 years. If the difference between their ages is 10. Find their ages. 4. A house has rectangular yard in front of it for children to play. If the length of that rectangle exceeds its width by 8 mt and its perimeter is 68 mt, find the measurements of the yard. 5. 9 years ago, grand fathers age was 9 times his grandsons age at that time. After 15 years his age will be thrice as his grandsons age. Find their present ages. 6. Two pencils and 5 pens cost Rs. 27, but 5 pencils and 2 pens cost Rs. 15. Find the cost of 5 pencils and 5 pens. 7. Difference between two numbers is 30. Twice the greater number is less than 7 times the smaller number by 5. Find the numbers. 8. Two numbers are in the ratio 3 : 5. If 5 is subtracted from each of the number, then the ratio becomes 1 : 2. Find the numbers. 9. A two digit number is greater by 4, than 8 times the sum of the digits. If 7 times the tens place digit is subtracted from the given number, the new number obtained is that by interchanging the digits of the original number. Find the given two digit number. 10.The sum of numerator and denominator of a fraction is greater by 1 than thrice the numerator. If numerator is decreased by 1 then the fraction reduces to . Find the fraction.

11.Let AB be the diameter of a circle. C is the point on the circumference such that in a ABC, <B is less by 15o than twice the angle A. Find the measures of all angles of ABC. 12. Radhas mother gives some notes of Rs. 10 and some of Rs. 5 to her, which amounts to Rs. 255. Radha said, if the number of 10 Rs. notes and 5 Rs. notes have been interchanged, I would have Rs. 330 in my hand. So how many notes of Rs. 10 and Rs. 5 were given to Radha. 13.Out of 20 litres, a milkman sells some milk at the rate of 15 Rs. / lt. and remaining at 20 Rs. / lt. If he gets Rs. 340 on selling it, how much milk he sold at each rate. 14.An obtuse angle of a rhombus is greater than thrice the acute angle by 20o. Find the measure of each angle. 15. A man starts his job with a certain monthly salary and a fixed increment every year. If his salary will be Rs. 1500 after 4 years and Rs. 1800 after 10 years of his service, what is his starting salary and what is the annual increment? 16.8 men and 12 boys can do a piece of work in 10 days while 6 men and 8 boys can do the same work in 14 days. Find the time taken by a single man and a single boy to do the same work. 17.Some part of a journey of 555 km was completed by a car with speed 60 km./ hr. Then the speed is increased by 15 km./hr and the journey is completed. If it takes 8 hours to reach, find the time taken and distance covered by 60 km./hr. speed. 18.A boat takes 6 hrs to travel 16 km upstream and 24 km downstream, and it takes 13 hrs to travel 36 km upstream and 48 km downstream. Find the speed of the boat in still water and the speed of the stream. 19.In a cricket match of Amravati and Nashik teams the sum of
rd

of the

runs made by Amravati team and th of the runs made by Nashik team is 137. If Amravati team made runs just sufficient to win the match, then how many runs are made by Amravati team.

20.AB is a segment. The point P is on the perpendicular bisector of segment AB such that AP is double that of AB. If perimeter of ABP is 35 cm. Find the sides of ABP. 21.If the sum of two numbers is divided by 12, quotient obtained is 3 and remainder 4. If the difference of the same numbers is divided by 4 then quotient is 1 and remainder 2. Find the numbers. *********