1,

UN IVERSITI UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOC I P ETRONAS

, .

COURSE

MCBI I 21MBBI Q52 I MCBI D12 -- INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCE I INTRODUCTION TO MATERIAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DATE TIME

8THSEPTEMBER 2011 (THURSDAY) 2.30 PM - 4,30 PM (2 hours)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

I 2. 3. 4.

Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Begin EACH answer on a new page. Indicate clearly answers that are cancelled, if any. Where applicable show clearly steps taken in arriving at the solutions and indicate ALL assumptions. Do not open this Question Booklet until instructed.

5.

Note

There are TEN (10) pages in this Question Booklet including the cover page and appendices.

Universiti

Teknologi

PETRONAS

MCBIDI21 MBB 1052IMABI463

I.

Aluminum is an FCC metal with an atomic weight of 26.98 glmol, an atomic 0.143 2.71 density 20C. radius of nm, and a glcm3 at of Compare the planar densities of the {11O} and {111} planes of Classify the aluminum. which of planes you would expect to have the higher surface enemy. [9 marks] b. By constructing appropriate diagrams, identity how slip occurs in FCC Sketch label least from FCC the at aluminum. and one slip plane slip indicate the directions that corresponding slip system and on plane. [8 marks] By constructing appropriate diagrams, formulate the size (in nm) of an impurity atom that can just fit into the interstitial site of the aluminum interstitial State the this the cell. name of site and coordinates of unit the interstitial sites. [8 marks]

a.

C.

MCBI012 ! MBB 10521MAB1003

2.

A carburizing heat treatment of a steel component was carried out by 1.10 the the introducing wt% carbon at surface of component. The initial This is 0.20 the concentration of carbon within wt%. process component 2.5-mm 2-hour depth (depth layer) produces a case of carburized after a 820C. treatment carburizing at Calculate the carbon content at 2.5-mm beneath the surface. (Gas R=8.31 Jlmole0 K). constant,

a.

[9 marks]
b. it was decided to increase the case depth to 3.5-mm by increasing the carburizing time. Determine the time required to achieve the new depth. case [6 marks] If instead it was decided to increase the carburizing temperature but maintain the 2-hour treatment time, evaluate the change in [10 marks] temperature required to achieve a case depth of 3.5-mm.

C.

MCBIOI2 ! MBB 10521MAB1063 b. An isothermal transformation diagram for an iron-carbon alloy of Q4b. The is in FIGURE steel was shown eutectoid composition heated to 754C and cooled under various conditions. For each heat treatment, specify and sketch the final microstructure formed.

FIGURE Q4b i. Quenched to 600C and held for 120 seconds then rapidly to temperature. cooled room [4 marks]

MCBI0I21

MBB 10521MABI063
140

III-I
900

1040 Steel

120

700
600

100

80
500

2 *

Il

400

60
...

300

40

200

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Percent cold work

FIGURE Q3a

FIGURE Q3b

MCB10121 MBB 10521MAB1063

4.

a.

8-kg of a steel alloy containing 0.55 wt% C is slowly cooled from 800C to slightly below 77C. diagram questions. as shown Using the iron-iron carbide phase in FIGURE Q4a, answer the fallowing

Composition (at% C)

19

15
Y

25

C) H

FIGURE Q4a

i.

Determine

the

number

of

phases

present

at

this

temperature and the weight of each phase. [6 marks]

ii.

Sketch the microstructureof the phases formed. [3 marks]

iii.

Write the eutectic and eutectoid reactions for an iron-iron carbide system. [4 marks]

MCB1412 I MBB 1521MAB1U63

ii.

Quenched to 670C and held at this temperature for 104 then seconds rapidly cooled to room temperature. [4 marks]

rr"

lIir

Quenched to 050C and held for 20 seconds then rapidly 3 400C held for to 1O followed by cooled and seconds quenching to room temperature. [4 marks]

OF PAPER-END

MCB1,012 I MBB 10521MABI063

APPENDIX - Tables and Charts

Table Al
erf(z) 0 0.025
0.05

Tabulation of Error Function Values

z 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 erf(z) 0.5633 0.6039 0.6420 0.6778 0.7112 0.7421. 0.7707 0.7970 0.820.9 4.5427 0.8802 0.9103

z
1.3 1.. 4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1,. 9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8

(z) erf 0.9340 0.9523 0.9661 0.9'763 0.9838 0.9891 0.9928 0.9953 0.9981 0.9993 0.9998 0.9999

0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 4.50

0 0.0282 0.0564 0.1l25 0.1684 0.2227 0.2763 0.3286 0.3794 0.4284 0.4755 0.5205

0.90
0.95 1.0 1.1
1.2

Table A2: Tabulation of Diffusion Data

Diffusing Species Fe Fe C C Cu Zn Al Cu Mg Cu Activation Dost Metal a-Fe (BCC) 7-Fe (FCC) a-Fe yFe Cu Cu Al Al Al Ni 130(rn2/s) 2.8 x 1-4 5.0 X 1U-S 6.2 x10' 2.3 x IO 7.8 x : lOs 2.4 x 1O- 2.3 x iQ-d 6.5 xiO W 1.2 x 1Q131 2.7 x 1Qs k.l/mol 251 284 80 148 211 189 144 136 256 Energy Qd eV/atom 2.60 2.94 0.83 1.53 2.19 1.96 1.49 1.41 1.35 2.65
..w..

"

..., .,.,..,, .,w...,.,.. .. .....,....,,. w..,. _..,r.

MCB10121 MBB 10521MAB1063 Temperature (C)

Reciprocal (1000/K) temperature Figure Al : Plot of the logarithm of diffusion coefficient versus the reciprocal of for temperature diffusion absolute pairs.

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