Issues related to E-commerce: The e nature of this commerce raises a number of legal issues that have not arisen

in the context of traditional commercial contracts. In the view of new environment, a number of laws have been enacted or are under consideration to supplement. ome of the issues !" cultural issues #" issues related to languages $" native tongue %" issues related to infrastructure !" &ultural Issues: 'se of internet allows organi(ations to compete in a global virtual mar)et-space consumers from different cultures ma* considerabl* differ in perceptions, beliefs, selection and actual participating and use of internet based electronic commerce To compete in this global mar)et-space, companies need to understand and thus leverage subtle exhibited b* individuals To compete organi(ations, simultaneousl* operate the multi cultural mar)et space that span across political and geographical boundaries #" Issues related to +anguages: ,an* countries and organi(ations reali(ed that the* are lagging behind due to languages interms of applications and customers $" -ative tongue: .ust because the language of business in English, it doesn/t follow that all consumers are happ* to use English. ,an* consumers would prefer a web site be presented in their native tongue and reflect their cultural a social biases %" issues related to infrastructure: 0or e-commerce to be a trul* global tool for trade and development ,a 1global information infrastructure23II" , which ma)es possible the electronic exchange of information about products and services, bu* and sell orders and financial transactions is a necessar* pre-re4uisite 3II access is a necessar* but not sufficient condition for the development of electronic commerce .0or it to be operational world wide, it is essential to create a polic* and regulator* environment that favours the development of ecommerce and approach diverse areas li)e telecommunications, trade procedures ,intellectual propert* ,privac* and securit*. +egal Issues: !" 5rivac* #" 0ree peech $" Taxation %" 3ambling

6" Intellectual propert* !" 5rivac*: 5rivac* means the right to be left alone and the right to be free of unreasonable personal intrusions 5rivac* principles: The code/s !7 principles for privac* are: !" 8ccountabilit*: 8n organi(ation is responsible for personal information under its control and shall designate an individual or individuals who are accountable for the organi(ation/s compliance with the following principles #" Identif*ing purposes : 5ersonal information is collected shall be identified b* the organi(ations at or before the time the information is collected $" +imiting &ollection: The collection of information shall be limited to the necessar* for the purposes identified b* the organi(ation. Information shall be collected b* fair and lawful means. %" +imiting 'se, 9isclosure and :etention: 5ersonal information shall not be used or disclosed for purposes other than those for which it was collected.5ersonal information shall be retained onl* as long as necessar* for fulfillment of those purposes. 6" &onsent: The )nowledge and consent of the individual are re4uired for the collection ,use or disclosure of personal information ;" 8ccurac*: 5ersonal information shall be accurate ,complete and up-to-date as is necessar* for the purposes for which it is to be used <" afeguards: 5ersonal information shall be protected b* securit* appropriate to the sensitivit* of the information =" >penness: 8n organi(ations shall ma)e readil* available to individuals specific information about its policies and practices relating to the management of personal information ?" Individual 8ccess: 'pon re4uest an individual shall be informed of the existence ,use and disclosure of his or her personal information and shall given access to that information !7" &hallenging compliance: 8n individual shall be able to address a challenge concerning compliance with the above principles to the designated individual or individuals for the organi(ations compliance. &oo)ies: coo)ies are the piece of information that allows a website to record one/s signingsin and signingsout Through coo)ies !" websites can remember information about users and respond to their preferences on a particular site. #" @eb sites can maintain information on a particular user across ATT5 connections. :easons for using coo)ies !" To personali(e information

#" $" %" 6" ;" <"

To improve online sales and services To simplif* trac)ing of popular lin)s To )eep sites fresh and relevant to the users interests To enable subscribers to login without having to enter a password for ever* visit To )eep trac) of a customer/s search preferences 5ersonal profiles created are more accurate than self-registration

#" 0ree peech: Internet provide the largest opportunit* for free speech .5rovisions in law for two cases that limit free speech are !" obscene material #" &ompelling government interest. $" Taxation: is an issue because e-commerce companies do not have to collect sales tax on their customer/s purchases, but it costs the government ver* high. %" 3ambling: is an issue because the internet ma)es it difficult to decide where the transaction ta)es place and therefore which region/s law should regulate that transaction. 6" Intellectual propert*: intellectual propert* is the intangible propert* created b* individuals or corporations.It is difficult to protect because it is eas* and inexpensive to cop* digiti(ed information. 5rotecting intellectual propert*: !" cop* right: is a statutor* grant that provides the creators of intellectual propert* with ownership of it for #= *ears #" Trade ecret: is intellectual wor) such as a business plan, which is a compan* secret and it is not based on public information $" 5atent: patent is a document that grants the holder exclusive rights on an invention for !< *ears. 0ree speech: Internet provide the largest opportunit* for free speech .5rovisions in law for two cases that limit free speech are !"obscene material #"&ompelling government interest. Ethical Issues: Ethics is a branch of philosoph* that deals with what is considered to be right and wrong. The spread of ecommerce has created man* ethical situations.,an* companies and professional organi(ations have developed their own codes of ethics, a collection of principles intended as guide for its members. The diversit* of e-commerce applications and the increased use of technolog* have created new ethical issues.

,ason categori(ed these ethical issues into the following !" 5rivac*: collection,storage and dissemination of information about individuals. #" 5ropert*: >wnership and value of information and intellectual propert* $" 8ccurac*: 8uthenticit*,fidelit* and accurac* of information collected and processed %" 8ccessibilit*: :ight to access information and pa*ment of fees to access it.