Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Hyoscine Nbutyl Bromide

Buscopa n

Gastrointestinal antispasmodic

20mg 1amp IVTT now (1 ml)

. It's a competitiv e antagonist of the actions of acetylcholi ne and other muscarinic agonists. Hyoscine works by relaxing the muscle that is found in the walls of the stomach, intestines and bile duct (gastrointe stinal tract) and the reproductiv e organs and urinary tract (genitourin ary tract)

This medication is used to relieve bladder or intestinal spasms.

Anticholinergi c agents Antihistamine s Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Tricyclic antidepressa nts Competitively blocks prokinetic agents

Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, constipation, dry mouth, rash, itching, swelling of the hands or feet, trouble breathing, increased pulse, dizziness, diarrhea, vision problems, eye pain

- Inform patient that drug may cause blurred vision. Instruct patient to report if she experiences such symptom. Assess for parkinsonism and Extra-pyramidal symptoms. Assess for urinary hesitancy Assess for constipation. Caution patient to avoid alcohol because it may increase CNS depression. As appropriate, review all other significant adverse reactions and interactions Give only prescribed dosage Do not take left over medications for other disorders Keep out the reach of children

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Ciprofloxaci n

Ciprobay

Anti-infectives

200m g IV q8 (1.2 ml)

Infections of the respiratory tract, middle ear, paranasal sinuses, eyes, kidneys and urinary tract.

-treatment of infections caused by gram (-) bacteria - treatment of uncomplicated bacteria

Hypersensitivity to quinolones

Common: nausea, diarrhea, site reactions, vomiting, transient increase in transaminase s

assess patient for previous sensitivity reaction

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Nalbuphine

Nubain

Analgesics

10mg IV (6ml)

Nalbuphine acts as an agonist at specific opioid receptors in the CNS to produceanalg esia, sedation but also acts to cause hallucinations and is an antagonist at

Relief of moderate to severe pain; for preoperatively analgesia.

Hypersensitive to drug and its components -Abnormal vaginal bleeding -cause rhinitis

Sedation, drowsiness, sweating, nausea, dry mouth and dizziness, headache, vomiting

assess patients underlying condition before therapy obtains drug history. -monitor vital signs after parenteral route. -monitor allergic reactions. -advised patient to refrain from taking CNS depressants for at least 24 hours after taking this drug.

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Diazepam

Valium

Benzodiazepin e, skeletal muscle relaxant

10mg 1 tab 2am

Potentiates the effects of GABA; Act in spinal cord and at supraspina l sites to produce skeletal muscle relaxation

Relief of anxiety and tension; to lessen recall in patients prior to surgical procedures

Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepines, psychosis, shock, coma, alcoholic intoxication, pregnancy

Drowsiness, dizziness, GI upset, difficulty concentrating , fatigue, nervousness, crying

Carefully monitor pulse, respiration rate and blood pressure during administration Keep addiction prone patients under careful surveillance Ensure ready access to bathroom if GI effects occur Provide small, frequent meals to prevent GI upset Establish safety precautions if CNS changes occur Monitor liver and kidney function, CBC during long term therapy Taper dose gradually after long term therapy Discuss risk of fetal abnormalities with patients desiring to become pregnant Take drug exactly as prescribed Do not stop drug abruptly during

long term therapy Caregiver should learn to assess seizures and monitor patient Use of barrier contraceptive is advised while on this drug Avoid alcohol, sleep inducing drugs

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Ranitidine Hydrochlorid e

Zantac

H-2 antagonist

150m g 1tab

Competitiv ely inhibits action of histamine at histamine2 receptors of the parietal cells of the stomach, inhibiting basal gastric acid secretion and gastric acid secretion that is stimulated by food, insulin, histamine, cholinergic agonists, gastrin, and pentagastri n

Against ulcer brought about by NPO due to surgical procedure

Hypersensitivity to ranitidine, lactation

Constipation, nausea, vomiting, breast enlargement, impotence, headache

Administer oral drug with meals and hs Decrease doses in renal and liver failure Provide concurrent antacid therapy to relieve pain Avoid cigarette smoking as it decreases effectiveness Have regular medical follow-up to evaluate response Adjust environment (lights, temp, noise) to prevent headache Using ranitidine may increase your risk of developing pneumonia Avoid drinking

alcohol. It can increase the risk of damage to your stomach If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once. If you need to take an antacid you should take it at least 1 hour before or 1 hour after this medicine. This medicine will not be as effective if taken at the same time as an antacid. If you get black, tarry stools or vomit up what looks like coffee grounds, call your doctor or health care professional at once. You may have a

bleeding ulcer.

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Phytonadion e

Hema K

Fat soluble vitamin; antifibronolytic agent

1amp now

Vitamin K is required for the liver to make factors that are necessary for blood to properly clot (coagulate) , including factor II (prothromb in), factor VII (proconver tin), factor IX (thrombopl astin component ), and factor X (Stuart factor).

Preoperatively: to activate clotting factors to decrease chances of bleeding during surgical procedure

Hypersensitivity to benzyl alcohol,

No known side effects for this drug; bruising and bleeding are less likely to happen.

Instruct patient to take only prescribed order If a dose is missed, take as soon as remembered unless almost time for the next dose Cooking does not destroy substantial amounts of Vitamin K Caution patient to avoid IM injection and activities leading to injury Patient should not drastically alter diet while taking Vitamin K Use a soft toothbrush until coagulation effect is corrected

Advise patient to report any signs of bleeding/bruisi ng Patient should be advised not to take OTC drugs without advice of health care provider Advise patient to inform health care provider of medication regimen prior to treatment or surgery Emphasize importance of frequent lab test to monitor coagulation factors

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Etoricoxib

Arcoxia

COX-2 Selective Inhibitor

120m g PO OD

Arcoxia reduces pain and inflammati on by blocking COX-2, an enzyme in the body.Arcox ia does not block COX-1, the enzyme involved in protecting the stomach from ulcers.Oth er antiinflammato ry medicines (NSAIDS) block both COX-1 and COX2.Arcoxia

relief of acute pain

Hypersensitivity to arcoxia and its ingredients such as etoricoxib

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, Headache, Rash, Blurred vision, Difficulty in sleeping, Muscle cramps, Fatigue

Take Arcoxia only when prescribed by your doctor. For the relief of chronic musculoskeletal pain the recommended dose is 60 mg once a day. If you have mild liver disease, you should not take more than 60 mg a day. If you have moderate liver disease, you should not take more than 60 mg every other day. When taking the tablets, swallow them with a glass of water. Do not halve the tablet. Take your Arcoxia at about the same time each day. Taking Arcoxia at the same time

relieves pain and inflammati on with less risk of stomach ulcers compared to NSAID

each day will have the best effect. It will also help you remember when to take the dose. It does not matter if you take Arcoxia before or after food. Do not use Arcoxia for longer than your doctor says. Do not take a double dose to make up for the dose that you missed. If you get an infection while taking Arcoxia, tell your doctor. Arcoxia may hide fever and may make you think, mistakenly, that you are better or that your infection is less serious than it might be.

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Tramadol hydrochlorid e

Ultram

Central acting analgesic

100m g 1tab PO OD

Binds to mu-opioid receptors and inhibits the reuptake of norepineph rine and serotonin; causes many effects similar to opioids but doesnt cause respiratory depression

Relief of moderate to severe pain.

Hypersensitivity to tramadol or opioids or intoxication with alcohol, opioids, or psychoactive drugs

Decrease d effectiven ess with carbamez apine Increased risk of tramadol toxicity with MAOIs

Control environment ( temp, light, noise) Limit use in patients with past or present history of addiction or dependence to opioids Caution patient not to chew or crush tablet Keep opioid antagonist readily available in case of emergency Instruct postop patients that drug suppress cough reflex Monitor bowel function and

arrange laxatives for constipation Institute safety precautions (side rails, assistive device) Provide frequent, small meals if GI upset occurs Provide back rubs, positioning, and other non pharmacologic al measures to alleviate pain Take drug exactly as prescribed Avoid alcohol, antihistamines , sedatives, tranquilizers while taking this drug

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Cefuroxime

Zinacef

Antibiotic/ 2 generation Cephalosporin

nd

500m g tab PO BID

It acts through the inhibition of cell wall mucopepti de biosynthesi s. Ampicillin has a broad spectrum of bactericida l activity against many grampositive and gramnegative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. sulbactam in the UNASYN formulation effectively extends the

IntraAbdominal Infections caused by betalactamase producing strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiellaspp. (including K. pneumoniae*), Bacteroidessp p. (including B. fragilis), and Enterobacters pp.

contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to any of the penicillins.

Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bloating, gas, vaginal itching or discharge, headache, itching, swollen, black, or "hairy" tongue, thrush ;pain, swelling, or other irritation where the needle is placed.

Culture infected area before beginning treatment Monitor serum electrolytes and cardiac status Use this medication for the entire length of time prescribed by your doctor. Your symptoms may get better before the infection is completely treated. This medication Provide small, frequent meals if GI upset occurs Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose. Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. If you get a skin rash, do not treat yourself

antibiotic spectrum of ampicillin to include many bacteria normally resistant to it and to other betalactam antibiotics.

Have vitamin K available in case of Hypoprothombren emia.

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Nalbuphine

Nubain

Analgesics

10mg IV (6ml)

Nalbuphine acts as an agonist at specific opioid receptors in the CNS to produceanal gesia, sedation but also acts to cause hallucinations and is an antagonist at

Relief of moderate to severe pain; for pre- operatively analgesia.

Hypersensitive to drug and its components -Abnormal vaginal bleeding -cause rhinitis

Sedation, drowsiness, sweating, nausea, dry mouth and dizziness, headache, vomiting

assess patients underlying condition before therapy obtains drug history. -monitor vital signs after parenteral route. -monitor allergic reactions. -advised patient to refrain from taking CNS depressants for at least 24 hours after taking this drug.

Generic Name

Brand Name

Classification

Dose and Route

Action

Indication

Contraindication

Side Effects

Nursing Consideration

Omeprazole

Prilosec

Proton- pump inhibitor

40 mg IV

-Gastric acid pump inhibitor Suppresse s gastric acid secretions by specific inhibition of the hydrogenpotassium ATPase e nzyme system at the secret ory surfac e of the gastric parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production .

-Short term treatment of active duodenal ulcer

Hypersensitivity to drug and its component

Drowsiness, dizziness, GI upset, difficulty concentrating , fatigue, nervousness, crying

Give omeprazole before meals, preferably in the morning for once-daily dosing. If needed, also give an antacid, as prescribed. Lab tests: Monitor urinalysis for hematuria and proteinuria. Periodic liver function tests with prolonged use. Report any changes in urinary elimination such as pain or discomfort associated with urination, orblood in urine. Report severe diarrhea; drug

may need to be discontinued.

Do not breast feed while taking this drug.