Lesson 5

How to Win a Chess Game

Part 1: Destroying the Enemy and Counting Attackers and Defenders Concepts:
Destroying the Enemy Army! Defended and Undefended Pieces Counting Attackers! Trapped Pieces! The special mo e: !Castling"!

Destroying the Enemy Army:

The surest method to #in a chess game is to depri e the $ing of his allies% &nce he's all alone( it's not so hard to corner him #ith the o) ious goal of checkmate #ith e en *ust one or t#o of your pieces! Today #e are going to learn some techni+ues to eliminate e ery last mem)er of the opposing army( and hopefully maintain most of your pieces along the #ay! The chess)oard is a dangerous place% The #hite pieces are on the lookout for )lack pieces to fight #ith, the )lack pieces are on the lookout for #hite pieces to fight #ith% -ou no# kno# ho# many s+uares the pieces can attack )ecause you learned ho# all the pieces mo e in .essons 1 and /( so ho# can your pieces mo e a)out in such a dangerous place0 The ans#er is that they must defend each other! 1hen one of your pieces attacks its friend( it's really a form of protection% Any enemy #ho dares to capture your piece( #ill face the same fate on the ne2t mo e% .et's see #hat your pieces can do #hen they start attacking! Counting Defenders and Attackers The Key to a Good or Bad Ca ture! cuuuuuuuuC .ook to the e2ample on the left% 3f the )lack $night on c4 (rdwdkdw4} takes the #hite $night on d5( then #hite takes )ack #ith his 70p0bhp0p} 6ishop on e7% Then the )lack 6ishop on c8 could take on 6wdn0w1wd} d5( )ut #hite's 9ueen on d1 #ill take )ack% 3f )lack's +ueen 5dwgwdwdw} then takes( #hite's knight on e/ #ill take capture )ack%

&wdwHPdwd} 3dBdwGwdw} 2P)PdNPP)} %$wd d!"w} #$%&'()*+,

Look at the Knights on d4 and c6. They are safe in the middle of the fighting because of counting!

All these captures are e+ual( so this is called "trading#$ 3f #hite takes the )lack $night on c4( you'll also see that the )lack $night is defended enough times( and #hite #ill lose the same pieces that )lack does% 3t's important to get good at counting #hat pieces get traded in one of those doggypiles( and deciding if it's a good trade for you or your opponent% .et's practice: 3magine the mo es 1%%%:2d5 /% 62d5 62d5 7% :2d5% 1hat has )een captured0 NBnb

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Lesson 5
Taking %ndefended Guys Count Ca tures and Look for %ndefended &ieces! cuuuuuuuuC 3f one of your opponent's pieces is not defended( that (rdwdkgn4} means you can take the piece( and your opponent cannot 70p0bdp0p} take you )ack! 3'm sure you'd like that deal! <o( )e on the 6wdn0w1wd} lookout for pieces that your opponent has placed in danger%

5dwdwdwGw} &wdwHPdwd} 3dwHw-wdw} 2P)PdwPP)} %$wd "Bd!} #$%&'()*+,

Black's turn: Who is undefended?

=or e2ample( to the left( #hite has *ust gotten ery e2cited and mo ed his )ishop from c1 to g8 to go after )lack's 9ueen% 1hat #ould an alert )lack player do a)out it0 3s the $night on d5 also undefended0 1hat happens if the )lack 9ueen captures it0 The ans#ers are that the #hite 6ishop on g8 is !hanging" >#hich means undefended? and that )lack can safely take on d5: 1%%%92d5 /%92d5 :2d5!

Doggy' i(es!!! Counting Attackers and Defenders in Tricky &ositions! cuuuuuuuuC <ometimes a piece is defended( )ut also attacked more (wdr.wdkd} than once% .ook at the pa#n on )8: t#o pieces are 7dbdrdpgp} attacking it >$night on c7 and 9ueen on d7?( and only one 6pdndpdpd} piece is defending it% <o e en though it's defended( if #hite 5dpdwdndw} starts capturing( he'll #in the fight%%% right0 1%:2)8 a2)8 &wdw)wdwd} /%92)8 )ut #ho #on more points0 6lack lost t#o pa#ns 3dBH GNdw} and #hite lost a $night: 6lack came out ahead one point!

2P)wdw)P)} %dwd!$w"w} 3t's ery important to look at the total attackers and #$%&'()*+, defenders and decide #ho #ould #in if e eryone *ust
The a!n on d4 must feel im ortant! "n a!ful lot of ieces are attacking and defending him!

started capturing e eryone% 3magine the doggy-pile that could happen on the #hite d5@pa#n! 1ho #ould come out on top0 1ho #ould capture more pieces0 6lack has fi e attackers s% four defenders( so the 6lack +ueen on dA should come out on top% Captured pieces #ould )e: PNB !nnbr@@ #hich is a great trade for )lack!

Catching )Tra

ing* the &ieces Who Can+t ,o-e ./am (e 01 cuuuuuuuuC 3f you attack an enemy piece( a skilled opponent #ill tell the (rdb1/gw4} piece to dodge a#ay% <o( it's really good to )e a)le to spot 7dwdwdp0p} pieces that can't mo e% 3f you attack a trapped piece( they 6pdw0whwd} can't scurry off! This is your chance to #in some points%%%

5dp0wdwdw} &wdwdPdwd} 3dBdwdwdw} 2P)Pdw)P)} %$NG "wd!} #$%&'()*+,

.ook to the left: the #hite )ishop on )7 can )arely mo e! 1ith #hite pa#ns )ehind him( and )lack pa#ns closing infront of him( he is nearly trapped already% Do you see that )lack can close the trap on him )y ad ancing the c8 pa#n to c50 &n the ne2t mo e( )lack can capture him!

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Lesson 5
Catching )Tra

cuuuuuuuuC (4dbdw4kd} 7dp0hdp0p} 6phw0wdwd} 5dwdPdwdw} &wdPdNdw1} 3dwHwdwdw} 2P)wdw)P)} %$wG $w"w} #$%&'()*+,
The #ueen on h4 can barely mo$e!

ing* the &ieces Who Can+t ,o-e ./am (e 21 3n this interesting situation( the normally lightning@+uick )lack 9ueen can only mo e to a fe# s+uares% There is only one diagonal on #hich she can retreat from h5: g8@f4@eB@ dA% 1hite can lay a ery nice trap in this position% 1hite needs to stop the 9ueen from escaping along that diagonal( and attack her at the same time%%% The 6ishop on c1 does the *o) #ith the help of the $night on e5% 1%6g8! :o# the )ishop is defended )y the $night( )locking the 9ueen's escape( and attacking her at the same time! 1o#( #hat a terrific mo e! :o# #hite #ill )e a)le to capture that 9ueen on the ne2t mo e%%

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Lesson 5

How to Win a Chess Game

Part /: The <pecial Co e in Chess: Castling Concepts:
The !special mo e" in chess: Castling! En Passant handout!

Cast(ing1 The 3u(es of Cast(ing Kingside! cuuuuuuuuC Castling is the one move in chess where you can move (rdb1/gw4} two of your own pieces! 6ecause the center of the )oard 7dw0wdp0p} is often too dangerous for the $ing( they designed a 6pdn0whwd} special move to get him out of the center of the )oard in a 5dpdw0wdw} hurry% 6y castling( you safeguard your $ing and )ring your &wdwdPdwd} Dook into the center of the fight at the same time%

3dB)wdNdw} 2P)w)w)P)} To castle( mo e your $ing t#o steps to#ards your Dook% %$NG "w0!} Then( you put your rook ne2t to him( on the other side% :o# #$%&'()*+, your $ing can hide in the cast(e of awns in front of him (
" good time to use a secret s ecial mo$e! and your Dook can *oin the fierce fighting in the middle of the )oard% 3n Alge)raic :otation( castling kingside is #ritten do#n as !E@E"%

Cast(ing1 The 3u(es of Cast(ing 4ueenside! cuuuuuuuuC Castling to#ards the Dook closer to the $ing is !kingside (rdwd/dw4} castling" or !castling short%" Castling to#ards the farther 7dw0wdp0p} Dook is called !+ueenside castling" or !castling long"% 3n the 6pdn0whwd} position to the left( the #hite $ing can castle +ueenside 53 5dpdw0wdw} kingside% 3f he castles +ueenside he #ill end up on c1( and &wdwdPdwd} the Dook #ill end up on d1 >s+uares marked #ith stars?% 3n 3dB)PdNdw} Alge)raic :otation( castling +ueenside is #ritten do#n as 2P)wdw)P)} !E@E@E"% 2 6,&53TA7T 3.8T36CT6578 %$w01"wd!} #$%&'()*+, F -ou cannot castle if your $ing is in check G you cannot mo e your $ing through check! T!o s ecial mo$es to F -ou cannot castle if your $ing or Dook has already choose bet!een!! mo ed! Coaches Note: The !En Passant" handout associated #ith this section is a lesson all on its o#n% 3t can )e implemented at any time( )ut )ecause the concept of !En Passant" is more ad anced( #e lea e it to the coach's discretion%

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Lesson 5

How to Win a Chess Game

6nstructor+s Guide
<tudents should learn the )asics of capturing and defending pieces )efore they are truly ready to play >and #in? a chess game% Through this lesson your students #ill get )etter at seeing #hat s+uares pieces are attacking( recogniHing #hich pieces are defended( undefended( or una)le to mo e( and finally ho# to take ad antage of each situation% <tudents #ill also learn to !castle" >the special mo e )y the $ing and Dook and the only time you can mo e t#o pieces at once?% 1hen the instructor feels the students are ready( heIshe can mo e onto the En Passant handout and #orksheets% Key Conce ts to Winning a Chess Game1 3t's good to capture enemy pieces (and undefended or !hanging" pieces are free! Taking defended pieces results in !trades"% Pieces that can't mo e are !trapped" and are great targets for attack Castling gets your $ing out of the center( and your Dook into the center En Passant: 1hat is En Passant and #hen does it apply &ractica( 7otes and Ad-ice Lesson 51 He( your students understand that e(iminating the enemy King+s "army$ is the first ste to iso(ating the King9 and e-entua((y achie-ing checkmate# 3e-iew the "doggy' i(e$ conce t carefu((y9 ensuring that your students ha-e gras ed the idea of counting the num:er of attackers and defenders9 as we(( as their oint -a(ue# ;or e/am (e9 :y ca turing two awns whi(e (osing a (one Knight9 a (ayer might seem to "come out on to $ in terms of the tota( num:er of chessmen ca tured9 :ut it is sti(( a :ad trade )in oints*# Counting attackers and defenders is (ess im ortant than counting the -a(ue of the ca tured ieces# ;ind moments to mention that it+s great to kee an eye out for undefended ieces and immo:i(e ieces )for :oth yourse(f and your o onent*# This is something you+(( want to re eat at a ro riate moments in future c(asses9 :ecause it+s fundamenta( to tactics! C(arify the reasons a (ayer might want to cast(e )to get the King out of the center where the action is9 and to acti-ate the 3ook*< seeing ractica( a (ications of this wi(( he( students retain the conce ts#

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Lesson 5

Lesson 51 Cast(ing 4ui=!

3n each of these positions( you must ans#er one +uestion: can #hite castle this mo e( !yes" or !no"0 Circle the correct ans#er%

cuuuuuuuuC (rhwdw4kd} 7dw1w0pgp} 6pdpdwhpd} 5dpdwdwdw} &wdw)wdwd} 3)wHwdw)w} 2w) dP)B)} %dwd!"wH!} #$%&'()*+,
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdrdkd} 70bdw1p0p} 6wdw0phwd} 5dwgwdwGw} &P0wdPdwd} 3dBdwdNdP} 2w)Pd )Pd} %$wdw"wd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdrdkd} 70p1ngp0p} 6wdpdwdbd} 5dwdpHwdw} &wdw)w)Pd} 3dw)wHBdP} 2P)wd2d d} %$wdwdwd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rhb1w4kd} 70pdwdp0p} 6wdpdphwd} 5dwdpdwGw} &wgw)Pdwd} 3dwHwdPdw} 2P)P3wdP)} %$wdw"BH!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

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Lesson 5

Lesson 51 Cast(ing 4ui=!

3n each of these positions( you must ans#er one +uestion: can #hite castle this mo e0 Circle the correct ans#er%

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdw4kd} 7dw1n0pgp} 6bdw0whpd} 5dw0Pdwdw} &wdwdPdwd} 3)wHwdN)w} 2w) dw)B)} %$wGw"wd!} #$%&'()*+,
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdbdkdw4} 7dw1wgp0p} 6pdndpdwd} 5dwdp)wdw} &w0wHw)wd} 3dwdnGNdw} 2P)Pd dP)} %$wdw"wd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rhwdkdw4} 70p1wgp0p} 6wdpdpdbd} 5dwdwHwdw} &wdw)w)wd} 3dwhwGwdw} 2P)P3BdP)} %$wdw"wd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdrdkd} 7dpdwdpdp} 6wdndwdpd} 50wdwdwGw} &wdwdw)wd} 3dw)wdwdw} 2PdPdwdP)} %$wdw"wd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Can white castle? No?

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Lesson 5

Lesson 51 6s it Defended>
3n each of these positions( the )lack $night is attacked% Under the position circle !yes" if it is also defended )y one of its )uddies( or circle !no" if it is not defended% BON !: Circle the defending piece!

cuuuuuuuuC cuuuuuuuuC (w4wdwdkd} (rdwdwdw/} 7dw1w0pgp} 74wdwdwdp} 6wdw4wdpd} 6wdwdwdwh} 5dp0Phwdw} 5dwgw0wdw} &wdwdwdwd} &w0wdPdwd} 3)wHwdwdw} 3dBdwdNdP} 2w) dw)P)} 2P)Pdw)Pd} %$wdw$B"w} %dwG!dw"w} #$%&'()*+,4 $%&'()*+
Yes? Is the Knight defended? No? Yes? Is the Knight defended? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (wdwdwdkd} 7dwgwdwhp} 6wdwdwdwd} 50pdw0wdw} &wdwdPdwd} 3dwdPdNdw} 2wdwdw"wd} %dwdwdw$w} $%&'()*+
Yes? Is the Knight defended? No?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdb1w4kd} 70p0pdp0p} 6wdndwdwd} 5dwgw0wHn} &wdBdPdwd} 3dw)Pdwdw} 2P)wdw)P)} %$NG "wd!} $%&'()*+
Yes? Is the Knight defended? No?

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Lesson 5

Lesson 51 Doggy'&i(e 4ui=!

3n each of these positions( #hite can capture on d8% 3f they do( there could )e a doggy-pile! Circle !#hite" if you think it #ould )e a good trade for #hite, circle !)lack" if you think it #ould )e a good trade for )lack, Circle the !d8@s+uare" if you think the trades are e+ual%

cuuuuuuuuC (w4wdwdkd} 7dw1w0pgp} 6pdw4wdpd} 5dpdndwdw} &wdwdwdwd} 3)wHwdw)w} 2w) dw)B)} %dw$w$w"w} #$%&'()*+,
Who gets the better doggypile? White? OR Black?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdrdkd} 70wdw1p0p} 6wdpdwhwd} 5dwgb0wdw} &P0 dwdwd} 3dBdw)NdP} 2w)Pdw)Pd} %$wG!dw"w} $%&'()*+
Who gets the better doggypile? White? OR Black?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdw4kd} 7dw1ngp0p} 6wdpdpdwd} 50pdp)wdw} &wdw)w)Pd} 3dw)wHBdP} 2P)wdw" d} %dwd!dwd!} $%&'()*+
Who gets the better doggypile? White? OR Black?
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cuuuuuuuuC (rdb1w4kd} 7dp0wdp0p} 6wdndwhwd} 50wgp0wdw} &wdwdPdwd} 3dB)PdNdw} 2P)wdw)P)} %$NG $w"w} $%&'()*+
Who gets the better doggypile? White? OR Black?
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Lesson 5

Lesson 51 Who+s Hanging>

3n each position( )lack has a hanging >undefended? piece! =ind and circ(e it! =or BON !: Dra# a line sho# #hich #hite piece can capture the !hanging" piece!

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdwdkd} 7dw1w0pgp} 6pdw4wdpd} 5dpdwhwdw} &wdwdwdwd} 3d Hwdw)w} 2P)wdP)B)} %$wdwd!"w} #$%&'()*+,
Which black piece is hanging?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdb1rdkd} 70pdwdp0p} 6wdpdwhnd} 5dwgp0wdw} &wdwdPdwd} 3dBdPGNHP} 2P)Pdw)Pd} %$wd $w"w} $%&'()*+
Which black piece is hanging?

cuuuuuuuuC (rdwdwdkd} 7dwdwdwhw} 6wdp4wdw0} 50pdw0w0w} &wdwdPdwd} 3dwdP"N)w} 2w)wdwdPd} %$w$wdwdw} $%&'()*+
Which black piece is hanging?

cuuuuuuuuC (.dbdw4kd} 7dwdwgp0p} 6wdn0pdwd} 5dpdwdwdw} &wdwHPdnd} 3dPHwGwdw} 2w)PdB)P)} %$wd dw"w} $%&'()*+
Which black piece is hanging?

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Lesson 5

How to Win a Chess Game

Ans#er $ey
1orksheet: Castling 9uiH 1 and /!:
Cast(ing 4ui= ?01 Diagram ?0 :o% Cast(ing 4ui= ?01 Diagram ?2 :o% Cast(ing 4ui= ?01 Diagram ?@ -es% 1hite can castle $ingside and 9ueenside% Cast(ing 4ui= ?01 Diagram ?A -es% 1hite can castle 9ueenside% Cast(ing 4ui= ?21 Diagram ?0 :o% Passing through the f1@s+uare #ould )e check% Cast(ing 4ui= ?21 Diagram ?2 -es% 1hite can castle $ingside% Cast(ing 4ui= ?21 Diagram ?@ :o% 1hite is in check% Cast(ing 4ui= ?21 Diagram ?A :o% 1hite is in check%

1orksheet: 3s 3t Defended0:
Diagram ?0 -es% 6lack 6ishop on gB should )e circled% Diagram ?2 -es% 6lack $ing on gA should )e circled% Diagram ?@ :o% Diagram ?A :o%

1orksheet: Doggypile!:
Diagram ?0 Circle 1hite% $night on c7 and 6ishop on g/ are attacking% Diagram ?2 Circle 6lack% 6lack's pa#ns are of !less alue" and so don't offer a good trade return for #hite's $night( 6ishop and 9ueen% Diagram ?@ Circle 6lack% 6lack's pa#n on c4 and 6ishop on d8 are of !less alue" then #hite's Dook and 9ueen% Diagram ?A Circle d8@s+uare% Trade are e+ual%

1orksheet: 1ho's Kanging0:

Diagram ?0 6lack Dook on aA is hanging% Arro# dra#n from #hite 6ishop on g/ to aA% Diagram ?2 6lack pa#n on e8 is hanging% Arro# dra#n from #hite $night on f7 to e8% Diagram ?@ 6lack 6ishop on c8 is hanging% Arro# dra#n from #hite 6ishop on e7 to c8% Diagram ?A 6lack 9ueen on aA is hanging% Arro# dra#n from #hite Dook on a1 to aA%

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Lesson 5

8u er &awns1 ".n &assant$!

Concepts:
1hat is %n &assant? 1hen can a player do %n &assant? 3s %n &assant good or )ad0

%n &assant is =rench for !in passing"% %n &assant is a special capture made )y a pa#n immediately after an enemy pa#n mo es t#o s+uares from its starting s+uare% This capture is made as if the enemy pa#n had mo ed only one s+uare% This rule #as put in place in the 18th century as an !add on" to the ne#ly in ented rule that ga e pa#ns the option of mo ing t#o s+uares on their first mo e% %n &assant pre ents pa#ns from completely e ading capture% "n #assant: The "8u er$ &awn Ca ture ./ (ained### cuuuuuuuuC 3f a Pa#n mo es t#o s+uares ahead from its original (wdwdwdwd} >starting? s+uare( and there is an enemy pa#n on the 7dwdwdwdw} ad*acent file's 8th >for #hite? or 5th >for )lack? rank "n 6wdwdwdw0} #assant is possi$le% To mo e %n &assant a player must 5dwdwdw)1} capture the enemy pa#n as it passes >mo es t#o s+uares? &10wdwdwd} on the ne2t turn after the mo e is made%%%

3dwdwdwdw} 2Pdwdwdwd} %n &assant is not forced% 3t e2ists only as an !option" for a %dwdwdwdw} player to capture the !passing pa#n"% 3f a player does not #$%&'()*+, choose to capture %n &assant immediately follo#ing their
%n &assant is a chance for a!ns to be 'u er! opponent's choice to mo e the pa#n t#o s+uares( then they ha e lost the right to capture En Passant%

"n #assant: The Ca ture ,%8T :e ,ade 6mmediate(y After the 5 onent+s ,o-e! cuuuuuuuuC To display the idea of %n &assant clearly( #e continue from (wdwdwdwd} our first diagram% 1ith #hite's a@pa#n mo ing t#o s+uares 7dwdwdwdw} ahead( directly passing )lack's )5@pa#n( )lack has the 6wdwdwdw0} option to capture the a5@pa#n )y mo ing 1%%%)52a7 5dwdwdw)p} capturing the a5@pa#n as if it had only mo ed one s+uare% &P0wdwdwd} 3f )lack #ishes to capture( )lack must do so immediately%%%

30wdwdwdw} 2wdwdwdwd} &n the other hand( )lack's h@pa#n that mo ed from h4@h8 %dwdwdwdw} is not captura)le )y %n &assant )ecause the h and g #$%&'()*+, pa#ns already "faced the o tion of ca ture$ on g8 and
The b4( a!n can ca ture %n &assant) !hile the g*( a!n cannot...

h4 a mo e earlier% 6ecause neither player chose to capture( %n &assant is not a possi)ility for the g8@pa#n%

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Lesson 5 Can Bou Ca ture "n #assant%

Dead the caption to each diagram and circle !-es" or !:o"%

cuuuuuuuuC (wdrdw4kd} 7dp0whwgp} 6wdw1n0pd} 50Pdw0wdw} &wdwdwdwd} 3dNdPdNdP} 2PGPdw)Pd} %$wd $w"w} #$%&'()*+, cuuuuuuuuC (wdrdw4kd} 7dpdn1pgw} 6pdpdndpd} 5dwdwdwdp} &wdP0wdwd} 3d dwdw)w} 2P)wdN)B)} %dwd!d!"w} #$%&'()*+,

cuuuuuuuuC (rdw1w4kd} 70wdpdp0p} 6w0Pdwhwd} 5dwdw0wdw} &Pdwdwdwd} 3dPd )wHw} 2wdwdw)P)} %d!d!dw"w} $%&'()*+ cuuuuuuuuC (rd.dw4kd} 7dpdbdpdw} 6pdpdn)pd} 5dwdpdwdp} &wdw)wdP3} 3dw)Bdwd!} 2P)wdNdw)} %dwdwd!"w} #$%&'()*+,

Black just played 1...a7-a5: Black plays 1...d7-d5: Yes? Can white capture n !assant? No? Yes? Can white capture n !assant? No?

White just played 1.c"-c#: Black just played 1...h7-h5: Yes? Can $lack capture n !assant? No? Yes? Can white capture n !assant? No?

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Lesson 5

Can Bou Ca ture "n #assant%

Ans#er $ey
1orksheet Page 1:
Diagram ?0 -es% Diagram ?2 -es% Diagram ?@ :o% Diagram ?A :o%

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