Bernoullis Equation

Topics covered in this session

1.! Overview 2.! Conservation of energy 3.! Static Pressure in Airflow is Potential Energy 4.! Dynamic Pressure in Airflow is Total Energy 5.! Bernoullis Equation 6.! Bernoullis Equation Applied to a Venturi Tube 7.! Bernoullis Equation Applied to a Wing in Flight

WNTBPC
!! Read ANA text pages 4 through 9, Bernoullis
principle and subsonic airflow, and Pilots Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (PHAK)

!! Watch this lecture !! Create your own notes in word, save it as a .pdf
version of notes

and post it in Dropbox as homework. !! This should be no more than a page of YOUR OWN

1. Overview
!! Continuity equation explains why airflow on top of a
wing is faster than the airflow underneath the wing. equation explains: !! Pressure on top of a wing is lower than the pressure
underneath the wing.

!! Once understanding Continuity, Bernoullis

!! Bernoullis equation is based on the conservation of

energy principle.

2. Conservation of Energy
!! Bernoulli based on CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
principle. !! Energy level of a system remains constant
!! Energy neither created nor destroyed
Total energy TE = potential energy PE + kinetic energy KE = constant
TE = PE + KE = constant

Kinetic and Potential Energy

3. Static Pressure in Airflow is Potential Energy

!! Bernoulli transformed the general conservation of
energy equation into airflow terms. In airflow, potential energy is static pressure. PE = static pressure = Ps = p.

4. Dynamic Pressure in Airflow is Kinetic Energy

KE = dynamic pressure= PD = q.

= air density in slugs per cu. ft v = true airspeed (TAS) velocity in fps

5. Total Pressure in Airflow is TOTAL ENERGY

!! TE = Total pressure, or H (head pressure) !! Pitot tube pitot head measuring total pressure

TE = total pressure = PT = H Head pressure. Pitot head pressure.

6. Bernoullis Equation
!! Bernoullis Equation for conservation of energy in
subsonic airflow

Note:
!! With no density changes, i.e., subsonic, constant
altitude, and are constant. So in qualitative terms, Bernoulli says that if the velocity increases, the pressure decreases and vice versa. This is the same as saying kinetic energy increases then potential energy decreases and vice versa.

7. Bernoullis Equation Applied to a venturi tube

!! In the venturi tube below, unlike the tubes

previosuly drawn, the divergent area A3 is greater than the initial area A1.

8. Bernoullis Equation applied to a wing in flight