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Mineral Deposits of Canada

Volcanogenic-associated massive sulfide deposits (VMS)
by Alan Galley, Mark Hannington and Ian Jonasson PDF version [PDF, 6.8 Mb, vie er]
Contents of t!is page"

A#stract Definition Geograp!ical Distri#ution Grade and $onnage Geological Attri#utes Genetic%&'ploration Models (ey &'ploration Criteria (no ledge Gaps Some Areas of )ig! Mineral Potential in Canada *eferences $a#les Figures Appendices

Abstract Volcanogenic massi e s!l"ide #VM$% de&osits, also kno'n as olcanic(associated, olcanic( )osted, and olcano(sedimentary()osted massi e s!l"ide de&osits, are ma*or so!rces o" +n, ,!, Pb, -g and -!, and signi"icant so!rces "or ,o, $n, $e, Mn, ,d, In, .i, /e, 0a and 0e. /)ey ty&ically occ!r as lenses o" &olymetallic massi e s!l"ide t)at "orm at or near t)e sea"loor in s!bmarine olcanic en ironments, and are classi"ied according to eit)er base metal content, gold content and )ost(rock lit)ology. /)ere are close to 123 kno'n VM$ de&osits in ,anada and o er 833 kno'n 'orld'ide. Historically, t)ey acco!nt "or 456 o" ,anada7s ,! &rod!ction, 896 o" its +n, 436 o" its Pb, 836 o" its -g and 16 o" its -!. /)ey are disco ered in s!bmarine olcanic terranes t)at range in age "rom t)e 1.8 0a to acti ely("orming de&osits in modern sea"loor en ironments. /)e most common "eat!re among all ty&es o" VM$ de&osits is t)at t)ey are "ormed in e:tensional tectonic settings, incl!ding bot) oceanic sea"loor s&reading and arc en ironments. Most ancient VM$ de&osits t)at are still &reser ed in t)e geological record "ormed mainly in oceanic and continental nascent(arc, ri"ted arc and back(arc settings. Primiti e bimodal ma"ic olcanic(dominated oceanic ri"ted arc and bimodal, "elsic(dominated siliciclastic continental back(arc terranes contain some o" t)e 'orld7s most economically im&ortant VM$ districts. Most, b!t not all signi"icant VM$ mining districts are de"ined by de&osit cl!sters "ormed 'it)in ri"ts or calderas. /)eir cl!stering is "!rt)er attrib!ted to a common )eat so!rce t)at triggers large(scale s!b(sea"loor "l!id con ection systems. /)ese s!b olcanic intr!sions may also s!&&ly metals to t)e VM$ )ydrot)ermal systems t)ro!g) magmatic de olatili;ation. -s a res!lt o" large scale "l!id "lo' VM$ mining districts are commonly c)aracteri;ed by e:tensi e semi(con"ormable ;ones o" )ydrot)ermal alteration ')ic) intensi"ies into ;ones o" discordant alteration in t)e immediate "oot'all and )anging'all o" indi id!al de&osits. VM$ cam&s can be "!rt)er c)aracteri;ed by t)e &resence o" t)in, b!t areally e:tensi e !nits o" "err!gino!s c)emical sediment "ormed "rom e:)alation and distrib!tion o" )ydrot)ermal &artic!late.

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Definition

Volcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide #VM$% de&osits are also kno'n as olcanic(associated, olcanic()osted, and olcano(sedimentary()osted massi e s!l&)ide de&osits. /)ey ty&ically occ!r as lenses o" &olymetallic massi e s!l&)ide t)at "orm at or near t)e sea"loor in s!bmarine olcanic en ironments. /)ey "orm "rom metal(enric)ed "l!ids associated 'it) sea"loor )ydrot)ermal con ection. /)eir immediate )ost rocks can be eit)er olcanic or sedimentary. VM$ de&osits are ma*or so!rces o" +n, ,!, Pb, -g and -!, and signi"icant so!rces "or ,o, $n, $e, Mn, ,d, In, .i, /e, 0a and 0e. $ome also contain signi"icant amo!nts o" -s, $b and Hg. Historically, t)ey acco!nt "or 456 o" ,anada7s ,! &rod!ction, 896 o" its +n, 436 o" it7s Pb, 836 o" its -g and 16 o" its -!. .eca!se o" t)eir &olymetallic content, VM$ de&osits contin!e to be one o" t)e best de&osit ty&es "or sec!rity against "l!ct!ating &rices o" di""erent metals. VM$ de&osits "orm at, or near, t)e sea"loor t)ro!g) t)e "oc!sed disc)arge o" )ot, metal(ric) )ydrot)ermal "l!ids. For t)is reason, VM$ de&osits are classi"ied !nder t)e general )eading o" <e:)alati e< de&osits, ')ic) incl!des sedimentary e:)alati e #$=D=>% and sedimentary nickel de&osits #=ckstrand et al., ?996%. Most VM$ de&osits )a e t'o com&onents # Figure +%. /)ere is ty&ically a mo!nd(s)a&ed to tab!lar, stratabo!nd body com&osed &rinci&ally o" massi e #@836% s!l&)ide, A!art; and s!bordinate &)yllosilicates and iron o:ide minerals and altered silicate 'allrock. /)ese stratabo!nd bodies are ty&ically !nderlain by discordant to semi(concordant stock'ork eins and disseminated s!l&)ides. /)e stock'ork ein systems, or <&i&es<, are en elo&ed in distincti e alteration )alos, ')ic) may e:tend into t)e )anging('all strata abo e t)e VM$ de&osit. VM$ de&osits are gro!&ed according to base metal content, gold content and )ost(rock lit)ology #Figure ,, Figure -, Figure .%. /)e base metal classi"ication !sed by Franklin et al. #?98?% and re"ined by Barge #?994% is &er)a&s t)e most common. VM$ de&osits are di ided into ,!(+n, +n(,! and +n(Pb(,! gro!&s according to t)eir contained ratios o" t)ese t)ree metals #Figure ,%. /)e ,!(+n and +n(,! categories "or ,anadian de&osits 'ere "!rt)er re"ined by Morton and Franklin #?985% into Coranda and Mattabi ty&es res&ecti ely, by incl!ding t)e c)aracter o" t)eir )ost rocks #ma"ic s. "elsic, e""!si e s. olcaniclastic% and c)aracteristic alteration mineral assemblages #c)lorite(sericite(dominated s. sericite(A!art; D carbonate(ric)%. /)e +n(Pb(,! category 'as added by Barge #?994% in order to more "!lly re&resent t)e VM$ de&osits o" -!stralia #Figure ,%. Po!lsen and Hannington #?992% created a sim&le bimodal de"inition o" <normal< s. <-!(ric)< VM$ de&osits #Figure -%. /)is originally 'as meant to identi"y de&osits t)at are transitional bet'een VM$ and e&it)ermal de&osits #e.g., $illitoe et al., ?996% #Figure .%. F!rt)er researc) )as indicated a more com&le: s&ectr!m o" conditions "or t)e generation o" -!(ric) VM$ related to 'ater de&t), o:idation state, t)e tem&erat!re o" t)e metal( de&ositing "l!ids and &ossible magmatic contrib!tions #e.g., Hannington et al., ?999a%. In t)e classi"ication o" Po!lsen and Hannington #?992% -!(ric) VM$ de&osits are arbitrarily de"ined as t)ose in ')ic) t)e concentrations o" -! in &&m is greater t)an t)e combined base metals #+nE,!EPb in 't. 6F Figure -%. - t)ird classi"ication t)at is gaining &o&!larity in ,anada is a "i e("old gro!&ing s!ggested by .arrie and Hannington #?999% to indicate dominant )ost(rock lit)ology. Host(rock lit)ologies incl!de strata !& to 1333m belo' t)e de&osit and !& to 2333m along strike. /)e "i e gro!&s are ma"ic(dominated, bimodal ma"ic, bimodal("elsic, siliciclastic( ma"ic, and bimodal(siliciclastic #Figure .%. /)e order o" t)is gro!&ing re"lects not only a &rogressi e c)ange "rom a les e""!si e to a more olcaniclastic(dominated en ironment, b!t also one in ')ic) "elsic olcanic rocks become generally more &rominent. /)ese lit)ological gro!&ings generally correlate 'it) di""erent tectonic settings. /)e gro!&s associated 'it) ma"ic olcanic and olcaniclastic strata are more common in oceanic arcs and s&reading centers, ')ereas t)e t'o gro!&s dominated by "elsic strata are more common in arc(continent margin and continental arc regimes.

Geographical Distribution /)ere are close to 833 kno'n VM$ de&osits 'orld'ide 'it) geological reser es o er 433,333 t. /)ey are located in s!bmarine olcanic terranes t)at range in age "rom t)e 1.8 0a -rc)ean Pilbara .lock, -!stralia, to acti ely("orming de&osits in modern sea"loor s&reading and oceanic arc terranes #Figure /%. VM$(e&it)ermal )ybrids are also "orming today in olcanically acti e s)allo' s!bmarine #Man!s .asin% and lac!strine en ironments. VM$ de&osits are recogni;ed on e ery ma*or continent e:ce&t -ntarctica, alt)o!g) +n(Pb(,! de&osits are "orming in .rans"ield $trait on t)e -ntarctic Penins!la #Peterson et al., 4338%. ,! and -! )a e been &rod!ced "rom /ertiary(age de&osits )osted in o&)iolites aro!nd t)e eastern Mediterranean "or o er 2333 years. G& to 4334, VM$ de&osits are estimated to )a e s!&&lied o er 2 billion t o" s!l&)ide ore #Franklin and Hannington, 4334%. /)is incl!des at least 446 o" t)e 'orld7s +n &rod!ction, 66 o" t)e 'orld7s ,!, 9.56 o" t)e 'orld7s Pb, 8.56 o" it7s -g and 4.46 o" it7s -! #$inger, ?992%. H er 123 de&osits and ma*or VM$ occ!rrences containing geological reser es @433,333 t are kno'n in ,anada, o" ')ic) only ?1 are &resently &rod!cing mines # Figure 0, $a#le +%. Fo!r o" t)ese 'ill close in t)e ne:t t'o years. VM$ de&osits are kno'n to occ!r in e ery &ro ince and territory e:ce&t -lberta and P.=.I. /)e largest n!mber o" de&osits is in I!ebec #116%, Manitoba #?26%, Ce'"o!ndland #?46%, .ritis) ,ol!mbia #?36%, Hntario #96%, and Ce' .r!ns'ick #96%. /)e de&osits in Ce' .r!ns'ick )a e )ad t)e )ig)est aggregate metal al!e #,!E+nEPb%, "ollo'ed by I!ebec and t)en Hntario #Figure 1%.

Grade and Tonnage /)e 833 VM$ de&osits 'orld'ide range in si;e "rom 433,333 t to giant de&osits. -mong t)e largest is Ce es ,or o in $&ain7s Iberian Pyrite .elt #IP.%, 'it) reser es in e:cess o" 453 Mt t, 'it) 8.2 million t o" contained metals )a ing a al!e in ?999 o" o er ?6 billion dollars #G$% #.arrie and Hannington, ?999% #Figure 2, 9aJ $a#le ,%. /)e entire Iberian Pyrite .elt contains 88 de&osits, 'it) 5 o er ?33 Mt, containing an aggregate ?.252 billion tones o" ore containing 64.6 Mt +nE,!EPb #,ar al)o et al, ?999%. /)e ne:t largest districts are t)e Grals and K!dny( -ltai o" K!ssia and La;ak)stan 'it) o er 53 Mt o" contained metals eac) # Figure /%. ,anada contains 8 giant VM$ de&osits #Mindy ,raggy, .r!ns'ick Co. ?4, Lidd ,reek and Horne%, ')ic) are de"ined as being in t)e !&&er ?6 o" t)e 'orld7s VM$ de&osits 'it) res&ect to total original reser es #Figure +3a%. In ,anada, t)e largest VM$ mining district is .at)!rst, Ce' .r!ns'ick, ')ic) contained o er 133 Mt o" ore containing 13 Mt o" combined +n, ,! and Pb #Figure 0, Figure +3a%. /)e ?48 Mt .r!ns'ick Co. ?4 de&osit alone contained ?6.8 Mt o" metal #$a#le +%. /)is is "ollo'ed by t)e ?18.5 Mt Lidd ,reek de&osit containing ?4.6 Mt o" metal. /)e largest kno'n ,anadian VM$ de&osit is t)e 495 Mt Mindy ,raggy, b!t it only contains 8.? Mt o" metals. /)e 23 Mt Horne de&osit contains 4.4 Mt o" +nE,!EPb, along 'it) o er 113 t o" -!, making it also a 'orld(class gold de&osit #Fig.?3b%. /)e 28 Mt BaKonde VM$ de&osit contains 428 Mt o" gold, and beca!se o" its )ig) -!Nbase metal ratio #-! &&mN+nE,!EPb6 O ?.9% it is classi"ied by -gnico(=agle Inc. as a gold de&osit rat)er t)an a VM$ de&osit. Determining t)e mean and median metal concentrations "or ,anadian VM$ de&osits is di""ic!lt d!e to missing or incom&lete data "or a large n!mber o" de&osits. Pb grades are kno'n "or 186 o" ,anadian de&osits, ')ereas 226 )a e kno'n -! grades and 526 )a e kno'n -g grades. From t)e a ailable &rod!ction data, t)e mean and median #in brackets% si;e and grades "or kno'n ,anadian de&osits are 5 136 24? t grading 8.886 #8.?4% +n, ?.646 #3.53% ,!, ?.6196 #?.33% Pb, 61 gNt #15% -g and ?.62 gNt #3.88% -!. Figure 4# s)o's t)e more meaning"!l breakdo'n o" tonnage and grade "or eac) o" t)e "i e ,anadian VM$ ty&es as de"ined by )ost lit)ology. .imodal(ma"ic de&osits acco!nt "or t)e greatest n!mber and, t)ere"ore, t)e largest aggregate tonnage o" t)e "i e de&osit ty&es, 'it) bot) siliciclastic ty&es acco!nting "or t)e largest a erage tonnage. /)e ma"ic(siliciclastic de&osit ty&es )a e t)e )ig)est a erage tonnage, 'it) t)e n!mber )ig)ly ske'ed by Mindy ,raggy. -s e:&ected, t)e t)ree de&osits

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ty&es dominated by ma"ic olcanic and olcaniclastic rocks )a e t)e )ig)est ,! grades, ')ereas t)e t'o "elsic(dominated de&osit ty&es contain t)e )ig)est Pb and -g. /)e bimodal( "elsic de&osit gro!& contains t)e )ig)est a erage gold. Ma"ic(!ltrama"ic dominated systems can also contain $e, ,o and Ci. /)e &resence o" immat!re sediments 'it)in t)e "oot'all stratigra&)y can also in"l!ence )ydrot)ermal "l!id com&osition, as is belie ed to be t)e case 'it) t)e $e(ric) Mol erine and L+L de&osits in t)e Finlayson Bake cam& #.rads)a' et al., 4331%. Possible contrib!tions "rom de olatili;ing s!b olcanic intr!sions may also acco!nt "or anomalo!s concentrations o" $e, $n, In, .i, /e, and &ossibly -! and $b #Hannington et al., ?999cJ Pang and $cott, 4331J D!bQ et al., 4338%.

Geological Attributes Tectonic environment /)e most common "eat!re among all ty&es o" VM$ de&osits is t)at t)ey are "ormed in e:tensional tectonic settings, incl!ding bot) oceanic sea"loor s&reading and arc en ironments #Figure ++%. Modern sea"loor VM$ de&osits are recogni;ed in bot) oceanic s&reading ridge and arc en ironments #Her;ig and Hannington, ?992%, b!t de&osits t)at are still &reser ed in t)e geological record "ormed mainly in oceanic and continental nascent(arc, ri"ted arc and back(arc settings #-llen et al. 4334J Franklin et al. ?998% #Figure ++%. /)is is beca!se d!ring s!bd!ction(dri en tectonic acti ity m!c) o" t)e ancient ocean("loor is s!bd!cted, lea ing only a "e' o&)iolite s!ites as remnants o" obd!cted ocean("loor. =:am&les o" t)ese may incl!de t)e Hrdo ician .ay o" Islands o&)iolite in Ce'"o!ndland and t)e Bate /riassic( ,ac)e ,reek terrane in .ritis) ,ol!mbia #.Qdard and HQbert, ?996J Celson and Mi)alyn!k, 4331%. Cascent, or early arc ri"ting res!lts "rom t)e initial "o!ndering o" older t)ickened oceanic cr!st, commonly along trans"orm "a!lt s!t!res #.loomer et al., ?992%. /)ese early s!&ras!bd!ction terranes are most commonly obser ed in t)e ancient rock record at t)e base o" oceanic arc assemblages in ')ic) VM$ de&osits are s&atially associated 'it) isolated e:tr!si e r)yolite com&le:es near t)e to& o" t)ick basalt and basaltic andesite s!ccessions. /)e best ,anadian e:am&le o" t)ese bimodal ma"ic dominated caldera settings is t)e Paleo&rotero;oic )ost s!ccession to t)e -nderson, $tall and Kod VM$ de&osits in t)e $no' Bake cam&, Manitoba #.ailes and 0alley, ?999%. /)e komatiite(basalt(r)yolite setting "or t)e -rc)ean Lidd ,reek de&osit is inter&reted to be an early &rimiti e arc setting &ossibly linked to an !nderlying mantle &l!me #Myman et al., ?999%, or a rare e:am&le o" a non(arc VM$ setting associated 'it) &artial lit)os&)eric melting abo e a mantle &l!me #c". Iceland%. /)e Ci(ric) Potterdoal VM$ de&osit 'it)in t)e same Lidd(M!nro komatiitic assemblage, is anot)er rare e:am&le o" a komatiite(associated VM$ de&osit #=&& and ,rocket, ?999%. In t)e ideali;ed e ol!tionary stages o" arc terrane "ormation, e:tension o" t)e &rinci&al arc assemblage is anot)er common &eriod o" VM$ "ormation # Figure ++%. /)is res!lts in t)e "ormation o" calderas in ')ic) bimodal(ma"ic e:tr!si e s!ccessions &redominate. /)is is &er)a&s t)e most common arc en ironment "or VM$ "ormation in oceanic arc settings. .imodal ma"ic(dominated VM$()osting calderas incl!de t)e -rc)ean Coranda and t)e Paleo&rotero;oic Flin Flon mining cam&s #0ibson and Matkinson, ?993J $yme and .ailes, ?991%. Ki"ting o" continental margin arcs, in contrast, res!lts in t)e de elo&ment o" more olcaniclastic(ric) bimodal("elsic e:tensional settings. =:am&les o" t)is incl!de t)e $t!rgeon Bake cam& in t)e -rc)ean Mabigoon terrane o" Hntario #Morton et al., ?993J M)alen et al., 4338% and t)e De onian .!ttle Bake VM$ cam& in t)e Mrangellia /errane o" ., #.arrett and $)erlock, ?996%. H!tside ,anada, t)e Paleo&rotero;oic $kelle"te mining district in $'eden #Mei)ed, ?996% and t)e ,ambrian Mo!nt Kead VM$ district in /asmania #,orbett, ?994% are ot)er e:am&les o" ri"ted continental margin arc settings. ,ontin!ed e:tension in bot) oceanic and continental margin arc settings res!lts in de elo&ment o" back(arc basins. In oceanic arc settings, mat!re back(arc o&)iolites also can )ost VM$ de&osits. ,anadian e:am&les incl!de t)e

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Paleo&rotero;oic .irc)(Fle:ar(,oronation cam& on t)e $askatc)e'an side o" t)e Flin Flon mining district #Myman et al., ?999% and .etts ,o e, Ce'"o!ndland #$'inden et al., ?988J .edard et al., ?998%. Mell(kno'n e:am&les o!tside ,anada incl!de t)e /et)yan o&)iolites in ,y&r!s #/roodos%, Hman #$email% and /!rkey #=rgani% #0alley and Loski, ?999, and re"erences t)erein%. ,ontinental back(arc settings contain some o" t)e 'orld7s most economically im&ortant VM$ districts. /)ese en ironments are dominated by bimodal siliciclastic rocks D iron "ormation and incl!de t)e Hrdo ician .at)!rst cam& o" Ce' .r!ns'ick # an $taal et al., 4331%. =:am&les o!tside ,anada incl!de t)e -rc)ean 0olden 0ro e cam& in Mestern -!stralia #$)ar&e and 0emmell, 4334%, t)e Paleo&rotero;oic .ergslagen district o" $'eden #-llen et al., ?996%, t)e ,ambro(Hrdo ician Mo!nt Mindsor district o" I!eensland #Doyle and McP)ie, 4333%, t)e De ono(Mississi&&ian Iberian Pyrite .elt #,ar al)o et al, ?999%, and &arts o" t)e De onian $o!t)ern Grals VM$ districts o" K!ssia and La;ak)stan #Herrington et al., 4334%. Ht)er e:tensional en ironments may "orm in &ost(accretion andNor s!ccessor arc settings. ,r!stal t)ickening o" an accreted ocean("loor(arc assemblage can res!lt in modi"ication o" t)e angle o" descent o" t)e s!bd!cting slab, cessation o" s!bd!ction along a section o" &late bo!ndary, or a c)ange in t)e direction o" a&&roac) o" t)e colliding &lates #+iegler, ?994J Hamilton, ?992%. /)is &rocess res!lts in t)e generation o" strike(sli& basins in t)e older arc assemblages. Magmatism associated 'it) t)ese s!ccessor arc basins may be associated 'it) minerali;ed &or&)yry systems #Kic)ards, 4331%, and t)e basins may be in"illed 'it) bot) s!baA!eo!s and s!baerial bimodal olcanic rocks. /)is can res!lt in t)e "ormation o" m!lti&le mineral de&osit ty&es, incl!ding e&it)ermal and VM$ de&osits. - good e:am&le o" t)is is t)e Bo'er J!rassic Ha;elton 0ro!& in t)e /odogoone and $!st!t regions o" .,, t)e "ormer containing t)e =skay ,reek -!(ric) VM$ de&osit #.arrett and $)erlock, ?996b, Celson and Mi)alyn!k, 4338%. M)en t)ese strike(sli& "a!lt systems &ro&agate into a continental margin setting, s!c) as in t)e modern day 0!aymas .asin, 0!l" o" ,ali"ornia, t)e strike(sli& basins begin to in"ill 'it) terrigeno!s sediment. /)ey can )ost ma"ic siliciclastic()osted VM$ de&osits s!c) as t)e /riassic Mindy ,raggy and 0reen7s ,reek de&osits in ., and -laska, res&ecti ely #Peter and $cott, ?999%. /)ese are kno'n as .ess)i(ty&e de&osits "rom t)e ty&e locality in t)e "ore(dee& accretionary 'edge o!tboard o" t)e Miocene Ja&anese islands. Ht)er ma"ic siliciclastic()osted VM$ de&osits occ!r along modern sedimented sea"loor s&reading systems s!c) as Middle Valley, on t)e J!an de F!ca Kidge o"" t)e ., coast #0ood"ello' et al., ?999%. District-scale environments Most, b!t not all signi"icant VM$ de&osits occ!r in cl!sters t)at de"ine ma*or mining cam&s. $angster #?983% !sed t)e distrib!tion o" VM$ de&osits 'it)in 'ell(kno'n mining districts in ,anada to indicate t)at t)ere 'as a "irst(order regional control on t)eir distrib!tion #Figure +,%. In general, t)e de&osit cl!sters are restricted to eit)er linear ri"ts or calderas. /)ese "eat!res are generated by a regional t)inning o" t)e basement, de&ress!ri;ation o" t)e !nderlying mantle, and generation o" ma"ic magmas # Figure +-%. In ocean s&reading(ridge settings t)ese magmas rise to 'it)in a "e' t)o!sand meters o" t)e sea"loor to "orm elongate gabbroic sills t)at &arallel t)e sea"loor s&reading a:es #$tinton and Detrick, ?994%. M)ere &ree:isting ocean("loor or arc lit)o&s)ere is &resent, t)ese ?333 to ?833o, ma"ic magmas may !nder&late t)e cr!st, &rod!cing intermediate to "elsic &artial melts and bimodal ma"ic intr!si eNe:tr!si e assemblages. /)e associated gabbro(diorite(tonalite(trond)*emite intr!si e com&le:es may rise to 'it)in 4 to 1 km o" t)e sea"loor #0alley, 4331, and re"erences t)erein%. M)ere e:tension is taking &lace in t)icker #43(13 km% cr!st, s!c) as in a continental back(arc setting, magmas may "orm mid(cr!stal intr!sions. /)ese melts may not intr!de into t)eir comagmatic olcanic assemblages b!t may remain in t)e !nderlying basement rocks. /)ese di""erent scenarios res!lt in di""erent "orms o" district(scale alteration and de&osit c)aracteristics "or a VM$ district.

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/)e &resence o" eit)er ma"ic or com&osite )ig)(le el s!b olcanic intr!sions 'it)in a ri"t or caldera setting 'ill dri e a s!b(sea"loor "l!id con ection system #0alley, ?991J -lt, ?992% #Figure +.%. ,onnate sea'ater in t)e &oro!s cr!st is "irst )eated, ca!sing it to become b!oyant. -s t)is )eated 'ater rises !& syn olcanic "a!lt str!ct!res, cold sea'ater is dra'n in abo e t)e cooling intr!sion. /)ese originally cold, ne!tral "l!ids are &rogressi ely )eated d!ring t)eir do'n'ard migration, interacting 'it) t)e s!rro!nding rocks at &rogressi ely )ig)er tem&erat!res. /)e isot)erms abo e cooling sill com&le:es are generally )ori;ontal, res!lting in t)e "ormation o" a strati"ied, district(scale semi( con"ormable alteration ;one controlled in e:tent by t)e strike lengt) o" t)e !nderlying intr!sion #$&ooner and Fy"e, ?951J M!n)a and Lerric), ?983J Bagerblad and 0orbatc)e J ?982J 0ibson and Matkinson, ?993J 0alley, ?991J -lt, ?992J .ra!)art et al., ?998J .ailes and 0alley, ?999% #Figure +.%. /)e distrib!tion o" t)e res!lting alteration mineral assemblages mimic t)at o" regional metamor&)ic "acies #$&ooner and Fy"e, ?951, -lt, ?992J Hannington et al., 4331% # Figure +/%. Hydrot)ermal "l!id reaction ;ones immediately o erlying t)e intr!sions can be altered to am&)ibolite "acies assemblages, incl!ding Fe(,a(ric) am&)ibole, clino;oisite, ,a(&lagioclase, and magnetite #Figure +/J Figure +0%. -bo e t)is are Ca(,a(ric) greensc)ist("acies assemblages c)aracteri;ed by albite, A!art;, c)lorite, actinolite and e&idote. ,loser to t)e sea"loor are ;eolite(clay and related s!b(greensc)ist mineral assemblages c)aracteri;ed by L(Mg(ric) smectites, mi:ed layer c)lorites and L("elds&ar. Kecognition o" t)ese c)emical and mineralogical c)anges in t)e ancient rock record can be "!rt)er en)anced by ma&&ing s)i"ts in b!lk rock o:ygen and )ydrogen isoto&e com&ositions o" t)e di""erent ;ones #0reen et al., ?981J /aylor and $o!t), ?982J -gger'al and Bongsta""e, ?985J ,at)les, ?991J Paradis et al., ?991%. /)ese strati"ied alteration ;ones can )a e a strike lengt) o" 2 to 23 km and a t)ickness o" ? to 1 km in caldera settings #Figure +/%. /)e si;e and areal mor&)ology o" t)e alteration system is a re"lection o" t)e si;e and areal mor&)ology o" t)e VM$ de&osit cl!ster # Figure +,%. /)e distrib!tion o" VM$ de&osits 'it)in t)is cl!ster de&ends on syn olcanic "a!lt distrib!tion relati e to t)e !nderlying intr!sion #=astoe et al., ?985J 0ibson and Matkinson, ?993J .ra!)art et al., ?998J 0alley, 4331%. Fa!lts t)at act as cond!its "or olcanic "eeder systems tend to be t)e "ocal &oint "or ascent o" )ig)(tem&erat!re, metal(laden )ydrot)ermal "l!ids ')ic) "orm VM$ de&osits. /)ese "a!lt systems may remain acti e t)ro!g) se eral cycles o" olcanic and )ydrot)ermal acti ity. /)e res!lt is se eral &eriods o" VM$ "ormation at di""erent stratigra&)ic le els 'it) a ri"t or caldera str!ct!re. Ma"ic(dominated, bimodal(ma"ic and bimodal("elsic )ost rocks are dominated by e""!si e olcanic s!ccessions and accom&anying, large(scale )y&abyssal intr!sions #Figure +1%. /)is )ig)(tem&erat!re s!b(sea"loor en ironment tends to s!&&ort )ig) tem&erat!re #@123o,% )ydrot)ermal systems, ')ic) in t!rn can "orm ,!, ,!(+n and +n( ,!( #Pb% VM$ de&osits 'it) ariable -! and -g contents. -really e:tensi e, ?(2m t)ick Fe(ric) <e:)alites< may mark t)e most &ros&ecti e VM$ )ori;ons #$&ry et al., 4333J Peter, 4331% #Figure +0f5 g%. /)ese e:)alite de&osits "orm "rom a combination o" "ine olcaniclastic material, c)ert and carbonates. /)ey "orm d!ring t)e immat!re andNor 'aning stages o" regional )ydrot)ermal acti ity ')en s)allo'ly circ!lating sea'ater stri&s Fe, $i and some base metals at R423o, and &reci&itates t)em on t)e sea"loor t)ro!g) e:tensi e, b!t di""!se, )ydrot)ermal enting. Formation o" e:)alites on a basalt( dominated s!bstrate is commonly accom&anied by silici"ication andNor c)loriti;ation o" t)e !nderlying 433(233 m o" strata #Figure +0d5 e%. =:am&les o" t)is are obser ed in t)e Coranda, Matagami Bake, and $no' Bake VM$ cam&s #Lalogero&o!los and $cott, ?981J Biag)at and MacBean, ?994J .ailes and 0alley, ?999%. In "elsic olcaniclastic( dominated terranes t)e generation o" Fe("ormation is accom&anied by e:tensi e L(Mg alteration o" t)e "elsic s!bstrate, as recorded in t)e .ergslagen district o" $'eden #Bagerblad and 0orbatsc)e , ?982% and in t)e IP. #M!n)a and Lerric), ?983%. Ma"ic, "elsic, and bimodal siliciclastic olcanic assemblages tend to )ost ol!metrically smaller ma"ic andNor "elsic sill(dike com&le:es, and generally contain +n(,!(,o and +n( Pb(,!(-g VM$ de&osits, res&ecti ely. In settings &ro:imal to discrete e:tr!si e com&le:es are &resent more ,!(ric) de&osits, s!c) as Ce es ,or o in t)e IP., may also be &resent. /)e district(scale semicon"ormable )ydrot)ermal systems consist o" lo'(tem&erat!re mineral assemblages, 'it) Mg(L smectite and L("elds&ar alteration

7
and t)e "ormation o" e:tensi e lo'(tem&erat!re Fe($i(Mn de&osits #i.e., a ty&e o" iron "ormation%. Ht)er ty&es o" iron "ormation are inter&reted to be &rod!cts o" &l!me "allo!t "rom )ig)(tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal enting in a red!ced, strati"ied 'ater col!mn, or collection o" )y&ersaline brines 'it)in "a!lt(controlled de&ressions on t)e sea"loor #Peter, 4331%. Indi id!al !nits o" iron "ormation can e:tend "or tens o" km, as in t)e .at)!rst VM$ cam& in Ce' .r!ns'ick #Peter and 0ood"ello', ?996a%, t)e Paleo&rotero;oic .ergslagen district #-llen et al., ?996%, t)e De ono(Mississi&&ian IP. in $&ain and Port!gal #,ar al)o et al., ?999% and t)e Mississi&&ian Finlayson Bake cam&, P!kon #Peter, 4331%. Mineralogical ariations 'it)in t)ese regionally e:tensi e iron "ormations, "rom o:ide t)ro!g) carbonate to s!l&)ide, are indicati e o" &ro:imity to more "oc!sed, )ig)er(tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal ent com&le:es and also re"lect strati"ication o" t)e 'ater col!mn in t)e basin. /)e mineralogical ariations are accom&anied by c)anges in element ratios s!c) as Fe, Mn, ., P and +n #e:)alati e com&onent% ers!s -l and /i #detrital clastic com&onent% #Peter and 0ood"ello', ?996b%. Deposit-scale environments VM$ de&osits consist o" a massi e to semi massi e stratabo!nd s!l&)ide lens, and most are !nderlain by a s!l&)ide(silicate stock'ork ein system #Figure + and Figure .%. Mit)in t)is broad "rame'ork t)ere is a s&ectr!m o" de&osit si;es, mor&)ologies and com&ositions, de&ending on t)e nat!re o" t)e syn olcanic "a!lting, "oot'all and )ost( rock lit)ology, 'ater de&t), t)e si;e and d!ration o" t)e )ydrot)ermal system, tem&erat!re gradients, and degree o" &reser ation. Indi id!al massi e s!l&)ide lenses can be o er ?33 m t)ick, tens o" meters 'ide and )!ndreds o" meters in strike lengt). /)e ?12 Mt Lidd ,reek de&osit begins at t)e &resent erosion s!r"ace and e:tends "or o er 4333 m do'n&l!nge #original strike lengt)%, 'it) t)e 2 com&osite orebodies o er 233 m 'ide and indi id!al lenses !& to ?33 m t)ick. /)e stratabo!nd s!l&)ide mo!nd com&onent o" a VM$ de&osit may )a e a n!mber o" mor&)ologies and ariable internal str!ct!re #e.g., Figure +2%. Hbser ations o" modern sea"loor )ydrot)ermal ent com&le:es in e""!si e, "lo'(dominated terranes indicate t)at t)e de&osits begin to "orm as a series o" s!l&)ide(silicate(s!l"ate c)imneys # Figure +2a%. /)ese become str!ct!rally !nstable 'it) contin!ed gro't) and colla&se, and coalesce to "orm a breccia mo!nd #Figure +2#5c%. ,ontin!ed circ!lation o" )ydrot)ermal "l!ids 'it)in t)is breccia mo!nd res!lts in sealing "rom sea'ater by a silica, clay, andNor s!l"ate ca&. Progressi e de&osition o" metal s!l&)ides 'it)in t)e mo!nd res!lts in t)e "ormation o" a com&le:ly te:t!red, semi massi e to massi e s!l&)ide mo!nd. /)e "lo' o" )ydrot)ermal "l!id t)ro!g) t)e mo!nd str!ct!re commonly res!lts in remobili;ation o" &re io!sly de&osited metals along a c)emical and tem&erat!re gradient &er&endic!lar to t)e sea'ater inter"ace. /)is &rocess is re"erred to as ;one re"ining #=ldridge et al., ?981% and res!lts in a c)alco&yrite(ric) core and a s&)aleriteD galena(ric) o!ter ;one # Figure +4%. In e:treme cases, m!c) o" t)e base and &recio!s metals can be remobili;ed o!t o" t)e s!l&)ide mo!nd and carried into t)e sea'ater col!mn by enting )ydrot)ermal "l!ids. Massi e &yritic cores and t)in, base( and &recio!s(metal enric)ed o!ter margins are a c)aracteristic o" VM$ de&osits t)at )a e )ad a &rotracted t)ermal )istory #e.g., Hannington et al., ?998J Petersen et al., 4333%. -lt)o!g) many VM$ de&osits )a e a clastic com&onent, t)is is !s!ally s!bordinate to t)e massi e s!l&)ide "acies. In many cases, s!c) as t)e HM orebody at .!ttle Bake #.arrett and $)erlock, ?996a%, .ritis) ,ol!mbia, Lidd ,reek, Hntario #Hannnington et al., ?999b%, and Bo! ico!rt, I!ebec t)ese s!bordinate clastic "acies contain a mi:t!re o" s!l&)ide and )ost rock "ragments. Interbedded s!l&)ide and silicate(ric) layers "orm "rom erosion and &eriodic colla&se o" a s!l&)ide mo!nd to "orm sand to breccia(si;ed de&osits. =:am&les ')ere t)ese clastic s!l&)ide com&onents are a dominant &art o" t)e de&osit incl!de =skay ,reek and /!lseA!a) ,)ie", .ritis) ,ol!mbia #.arret and $)erlock, ?996aJ $ebert and .arrett, ?996%, and .!c)ans, Ce'"o!ndland #Malker and .arbo!r, ?98?%. In ot)er cases, "inely bedded ore lenses may res!lt "rom )ig) tem&erat!re &l!me "allo!t o" s!l&)ide &articles intermi:ing 'it) )ydrot)ermal silica, talc and Mg(smectites, &l!s ambient backgro!nd &elagic sedimentation #Peter, 4331 and re"erences t)erein%. $imilar "inely banded ores can also be a &rod!ct o" dynamic

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recrystalli;ation o" s!l&)ides d!ring regional de"ormation e ents. VM$ de&osits readily accommodate strain d!ring regional de"ormation beca!se o" t)e d!ctile nat!re o" massi e s!l&)ide bodies, and can t)ere"ore dis&lay m!c) )ig)er degrees o" recrystalli;ation and remobili;ation t)an t)e s!rro!nding olcanic and sedimentary strata. In some cases, VM$ de&osits do not "orm on t)e sea"loor b!t de elo& as a res!lt o" s)allo' s!b(sea"loor re&lacement. /)is occ!rs ')en )ydrot)ermal "l!ids in"ill &rimary &ore s&ace in eit)er e:tr!si e, a!toclastic, olcaniclastic or e&iclastic s!ccessions belo' an im&ermeable ca& #Figure +2d, e%. -t t)e -nsil de&osit in t)e -rc)ean Coranda VM$ cam&, a s!ccession o" laminated "elsic as) "lo'sNt!rbidites in"illed a small "a!lt(bo!nded ri"t on t)e "elsic "lo' com&le: #Figure +2g%. Hydrot)ermal "l!id see&age !& t)e ri"t margins res!lted in !nit(by(!nit re&lacement o" t)e laminated olcaniclastic layers by &yrite, s&)alerite and silica. $ome e:ce&tionally large massi e s!l&)ide de&osits )a e "ormed 'it)in olcanic de&ressions in"illed 'it) a!toclastic and )eterolit)ologic debris "lo' and tal!s de&osits. /)ese incl!de t)e Horne Co. 2 lens #Lerr and 0ibson, ?991% Lidd ,reek #Hannington et al., ?999b%, and se eral orebodies at .!ttle Bake #.arrett and $)erlock, ?996a%. Most ,anadian VM$ de&osits are c)aracteri;ed by discordant stock'ork ein systems t)at commonly !nderlie t)e massi e s!l&)ide lenses, b!t may also be &resent in t)e immediate stratigra&)ic )anging 'all strata. /)ese stock'ork ein systems occ!r at t)e center o" more e:tensi e, discordant alteration ;ones. /)ey "orm by interaction bet'een rising )ydrot)ermal "l!ids, circ!lating sea'ater and s!b(sea"loor rocks. /)e alteration ;ones and attendant stock'ork ein systems may e:tend ertically belo' a de&osit "or se eral )!ndred meters. Pro:imal )anging('all alteration can mani"est itsel" as a semi( con"ormable )alo !& to tens o" meters t)ick #.r!ns'ick Co ?4, .at)!rst% or may contin!e abo e t)e de&osit "or tens to )!ndreds o" meters as a discordant alteration ;one #-nsil, Coranda%. In some cases, t)e &ro:imal alteration ;one and attendant stock'ork ein minerali;ation connects a series o" stacked massi e s!l&)ide lenses #-m!let, CorandaJ BaKonde, .o!sA!et% re&resenting sync)rono!s andNor seA!ential &)ases o" ore "ormation d!ring s!ccessi e breaks in olcanic acti ity. In &lan ie', &ro:imal alteration ;ones may "orm a )alo !& to t'ice t)e diameter o" t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens #Figure ,3%, b!t 'it) de&osits s!c) as ,)isel Bake, $no' Bake cam&, or =skay ,reek, .ritis) ,ol!mbia, "oot'all alteration can be ol!metrically e:tensi e and many times t)e diameter o" t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens #0alley et al., ?991%. /)e mor&)ology o" &ro:imal alteration ;ones can ary 'idely, b!t generally t)ey tend to 'iden in &ro:imity to t)e &aleo(sea"loor s!r"ace s!ggesting more intensi e interaction bet'een s)allo'ly circ!lating, or connate, sea'ater and an ascending )ydrot)ermal "l!id. /)e internal mineralogical ;onation o" t)e alteration ;ones is indicati e o" t)ese mi:ing &)enomena. - Fe(c)lorite(A!art;(s!l&)ideDsericiteDtalc mineral assemblage is commonly associated 'it) t)e core o" stock'ork ein minerali;ation, ')ic) becomes increasingly A!art;( and s!l&)ide(ric) to'ards t)e lo'er contact o" t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens. In some cases talc andNor magnetite occ!r at t)e base o" t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens and t)e to& o" t)e alteration &i&e, as se eral o" t)e Matagami district VM$ de&osits, t)e -nsil de&osit in t)e Coranda cam& and t)e Bate /riassic ,)! ,)!a de&osit in t)e $lide Mo!ntain terrane o" .,. /)e core ;one is cloaked in a 'ider ;one o" Fe(Mg(c)lorite(sericite, incl!ding &)engite in t)e &art o" t)is ;one t)at encom&asses t)e immediate )anging 'all to t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens. H!tboard "rom t)is is a ;one ric) in sericite, &)engite, Mg(c)lorite, Dalbite, Dcarbonate, Dbarite. /)is o!ter ;one may also encom&ass a &ortion o" t)e )anging('all strata abo e, and lateral to t)e massi e s!l&)ide lens. In s)allo'('ater en ironments #e.g., R?,233 m 'ater de&t)%, boiling may )a e occ!rred eit)er in t)e !&"lo' ;one or in t)e immediate s!b(sea"loor. De&ending on t)e e:tent o" boiling, t)is can res!lt in ertically e:tensi e &yritic stock'ork ;ones, &ossibly 'it) 'ides&read and intense sericite(A!art;(&yrite alteration. /)e e:tensi e sericite(ric) alteration system t)at !nderlies t)e =skay ,reek a!ri"ero!s VM$ de&osit may be a &rod!ct o" e:tensi e s!b(s!r"ace boiling o" )ydrot)ermal "l!ids, ')ic) res!lted in t)e

9
"ormation o" lo' tem&erat!re #R433o,% $b(Hg(-s(Pb s!l"osalt(ric) ore lenses #$)erlock et al., ?999%. More ad anced argillic alteration may be &rod!ced by acidic magmatic olatiles, and t)is alteration can lead to distincti e al!minosilicate(ric) mineral assemblages ')en metamor&)osed to greensc)ist grade. In t)e case o" t)e BaKonde de&osit, I!ebec, <classic< mo!nd(ty&e +n(,!(-! massi e s!l&)ide lenses are associated 'it) e:tensi e ;ones o" metamor&)osed argillic alteration containing &yrite( c)aloc&yrite(bornite(gold stock'ork systems. /)is may be t)e res!lt o" s)allo' s!bs!r"ace boiling and se&aration o" a olatile(ric) "l!id or "oc!sed in&!t o" o:idi;ed magmatic "l!ids #D!bQ et al., 4338%. In less e:treme cases, distal, lo'(tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal alteration assemblages associated 'it) VM$ may be di""ic!lt to disting!is) "rom regional greensc)ist("acies metamor&)ic mineral assemblages. M)en bot) &ro:imal and regional semicon"ormable alteration ;ones are a""ected by am&)ibolite grade regional or contact metamor&)ism, t)e originally strongly )ydrated alteration mineral assemblages c)ange into a coarse( grained A!art;(&)yllosilicate(al!minosilicate assemblages t)at are ery distinct "rom t)e s!rro!nding !naltered strata #Figure ,+%. It t)en becomes &ossible to !se t)e systematic ariations in t)ese coarse(grained metamor&)ic mineral assemblages as ectors to'ards t)e core o" t)e &ro:imal alteration system or !&section to'ards t)e &aleo(sea"loor #Hodges and Mano*lo ic, ?991%.

Genetic/Exploration Models =:&loration models "or VM$ systems )a e se eral common t)emes des&ite t)e large ariety o" s!bmarine en ironments in ')ic) t)e de&osits can "orm. /)e generation o" a VM$()osting olcanic com&le: is a res&onse to "oc!sed )eat "lo' ca!sed by tectonic e:tension, mantle de&ress!ri;ation, and t)e res!ltant "ormation o" )ig)(tem&erat!re mantle melts, cr!stal &artial melts, and common bimodal olcanic s!ccession. /)e large ma*ority o" VM$ de&osits in ,anada "orm in eit)er bimodal(ma"ic or bimodal("elsic olcanic terranes dominated by basalt( basaltic andesite and r)yolite(r)yodacite. Pros&ecti e VM$()osting arc terranes are c)aracteri;ed by bimodal olcanic s!ccessions t)at )a e a t)oleiitic to transitional t)oleiitic(calc alkaline com&osition. /)e "elsic olcanics are c)aracteri;ed by lo' +rNP #R5% and lo' #BaNPb%C #R6%, 'it) ele ated )ig) "ield strengt) element contents #+r @433 &&m, P @13 &&m, and ele ated BK== and HK==,% ty&ical o" )ig)(tem&erat!re, red!ced magmas deri ed "rom &artially )ydrated cr!st #.arrie et al., ?991J .arrie, ?992J Bent;, ?998%. /)e lo'er iscosities o" t)e )ig)( tem&erat!re "elsic magmas res!lt in ra&id ascent 'it) minimal )eat loss into s!b(sea"loor settings ')ere )ydrot)ermal con ection can be initiated. For t)is reason, most &ros&ecti e VM$ en ironments are c)aracteri;ed by )ig)(le el sill(dike s'arms, discrete "elsic e:tr!si e centers and large #@?2 km long and 4333 m t)ick% s!b olcanic com&osite intr!sions. /)e absence o" s!bstantial s!b olcanic intr!sions in some cam&s may be d!e to &oor &reser ation as a res!lt o" "olding and "a!lting. /)e interaction o" large ol!mes o" olcanic strata 'it) sea'ater 'it)in t)ese )ig)()eat e:tensional en ironments res!lts in t)e "ormation o" district(scale alteration ;ones t)at e:tend o er t)e strike lengt) o" t)e VM$()osting e:tensional "eat!re #s&reading ridge, ri"t, caldera%. $tacked alteration ;ones can )a e an aggregate t)ickness o" 4333(1333 m, and may be intr!ded by res!rgent &)ases o" t)e !nderlying s!b olcanic intr!sion. $!b olcanic intr!sions t)emsel es can dis&lay te:t!ral "eat!res indicating )ig)(le el de olatili;ation and )ig)( tem&erat!re magmatic()ydrot)ermal alteration #A!art;(e&idote(magnetite("erroactinolite( s!l&)ides%. In some cases t)is de olatili;ation may contrib!te metals to t)e o erlying con ecti e )ydrot)ermal system #Bydon, ?996J Barge et al., ?996J 0alley, 4331, and re"erences t)erein%. Kegional semicon"ormable alteration systems resemble regional metamor&)ic ;ones #;eolite, greensc)ist, am&)ibolite%, 'it) increasing grade to'ards t)e )eat so!rce. Most ,anadian VM$ districts )a e been a""ected by regional metamor&)ism, ')ic) )as res!lted in recrystalli;ation o" t)e original alteration minerals to greensc)ist andNor am&)ibolite assemblages. In cam&s s!c) as Coranda, .o!sA!et, $t!rgeon Bake, Manito!'adge, $no' Bake, Bea" Ka&ids and t)e

10
'estern $tikine #/!lseA!a) ,)ie"%, regional metamor&)ism or local contact metamor&)ism o" alteration minerals )as &rod!ced distincti e coarse(grained mineral assemblages c)aracteri;ed by s!c) minerals as &)logo&ite, cordierite, ant)o&)yllite, m!sco ite, sta!rolite, garnet, andal!site and kyanite. /)e metamor&)osed alteration can be disting!is)ed "rom essentially isoc)emical regional metamor&)ic mineral assemblages by t)e losses and gains o" ario!s elements d!ring "l!id(rock interactions #Figure +/%. $!bmarine olcanic stratigra&)y t)at is &ros&ecti e "or VM$ minerali;ation commonly contains "err!gino!s e:)alati e )ori;ons as an indication o" s!b(sea"loor )ydrot)ermal acti ity. Precambrian VM$(related e:)alites are commonly com&osed o" "inely bedded s!l&)ide(ric) t!""aceo!s material. More e:tensi e -lgoma(ty&e o:ide "acies Fe("ormations are also common in VM$(&ros&ecti e back(arc en ironments o" all ages. .ot) ty&es o" e:)alite may "orm &ro:imal to massi e s!l&)ide de&osits or e:tend "or strike lengt)s o" se eral kilometers to tens o" kilometers #$&ry et al., 4333J Peter, 4331%. Pro:imity to a )ydrot)ermal so!rce in t)ese "ormations is indicated by &ositi e inter(element correlation bet'een )ydrot)ermal com&onents #=!, Fe, Mn, Pb, +n, ,d, -!, ,a, $r, .a, P, ,H4% ers!s clastic com&onents #$i, /i, -l, Mg, L, and +r%, increasing c)ondrite normali;ed =!=!S #)ydrot)ermal in&!t%, and decreasing ,eN,eS #sea'ater in&!t% to'ards t)e so!rce #Peter and 0ood"ello', ?996J Peter and 0ood"ello', 4331a,b%. Vertical and )ori;ontal "acies ariations "rom o:ide t)ro!g) silicate to carbonate, ')ic) in some cases, also may re"lect &ro:imity to "oc!sed )ydrot)ermal acti ity #Peter, 4331%.

Key Exploration Criteria /)e "ollo'ing are t)e ma*or e:&loration criteria "or ,anadian VM$ de&osits and key attrib!tes o" VM$()osting olcanic com&le:es. ?. /)e de&osits occ!r in olcanic belts "rom Bate -rc)ean to =ocene in ')ic) e:tension is indicated by relati ely &rimiti e #t)oleiitic to transitional% bimodal olcanism in nascent arc, ri"ted arc and back(arc en ironments. $ome obd!cted sea"loor(s&reading centers and ri"ted continental margins are also &ros&ecti e. 4. VM$ "ormation occ!rs d!ring &eriods o" ma*or ocean(closing and terrane accretion. /)is incl!des t)e Bate -rc)ean #4.8(4.69 0a%, Paleo&rotero;oic #?.94(?.85 0a%, ,ambro(Hrdo ician #233(823 Ma%, De ono(Mississi&&ian #153(183 Ma%, and =arly J!rassic #433(?83 Ma%. 1. In e""!si e "lo'(dominated settings in oceanic arc and continental margin arcs, VM$ can be associated 'it) ?2(42 km(long ma"ic to com&osite syn olcanic intr!sions. /)ese intr!sions are Ca(ric) and de&leted in lo' "ield strengt) elements and )a e lo' airborne radiometric res&onses b!t commonly s)o' magnetic )alos d!e to s!rro!nding ;ones o" )ig)(tem&erat!re "l!id interaction. =:&loration s)o!ld be "oc!sed !& to 1333 m !&section in t)e comagmatic olcanic s!ites in t)e )anging 'all o" t)e intr!sions. K)yolites 'it) )ig) +r #@133 &&m%, negati e c)ondrite(normali;ed =! anomalies, #BaNPb%CR5, #0dNPb%CR4 and PN+rR 5 de"ine )ig)(tem&erat!re #@933o,% "elsic olcanic en ironments "a o!rable "or VM$ "ormation. /)e &resence o" syn olcanic dike s'arms and e:)alite )ori;ons are indicati e o" areas o" )ig) &aleo()eat "lo'. 8. In continental back arc, bimodal siliciclastic(dominated settings aeromagnetic s!r eys can be !sed to identi"y areally e:tensi e Fe("ormations to target )ydrot)ermally acti e &aleo(sea"loor )ori;ons. Variations in t)e mineralogy o" t)e iron "ormations and arying element ratios can ser e as ectors to'ard )ig)(tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal centers. Vol!metrically minor sill(dike com&le:es also may identi"y )ig)er tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal centers. 2. In !&&er greensc)ist(am&)ibolite metamor&)ic terranes distincti e, coarse(grained mineral s!ites commonly de"ine VM$ alteration ;ones. /)ese incl!de c)loritoid, garnet, sta!rolite, kyanite, andal!site, &)logo&ite and ga)nite. More al!mino!s mineral assemblages commonly occ!r closer to a )ig) tem&erat!re alteration &i&e. Metamor&)ic mineral c)emistry, s!c) as FeN+n ratio o" sta!rolite, is also a ector to ore. /)ese largely re"ractory minerals )a e a )ig) s!r i al rate in s!r"icial sediments, and

11
can be !sed t)ro!g) )ea y mineral se&aration as "!rt)er e:&loration g!ides in till( co ered areas. 6. Mineralogy and c)emistry can be !sed to identi"y large(scale )ydrot)ermal alteration systems in ')ic) cl!sters o" VM$ de&osits may "orm. .road ;ones o" semicon"ormable alteration 'ill s)o' increases in ,a($i #e&idoti;ation(silici"ication%, ,a($i(Fe #actinolite( clino;oisite(magnetite%, Ca #s&iliti;ation%, or L(Mg #mi:ed c)lorite(sericiteDL(s&ar%. Pro:imal alteration associated 'it) discordant s!l&)ide(silicate stock'ork ein systems incl!des c)lorite(A!art;(s!l&)ide( or sericite(A!art;(&yriteDal!minosilicate(ric) assemblages and is ty&ically strongly de&leted in Ca and ,a d!e to )ig)(tem&erat!re "elds&ar destr!ction. In addition to geoc)emical analysis, >(ray di""raction, PIM- and o:ygen isoto&e analysis can assist in ectoring to'ards )ig)er(tem&erat!re &ro:imal alteration ;ones and associated VM$ minerali;ation. -lt)o!g) PIM- )as been !sed most e""ecti ely on alteration systems t)at contain minerals 'it) a )ig) re"lecti e inde:, t)ere )as been some s!ccess in identi"ying greensc)ist "acies minerals 'it)in Precambrian VM$ )ydrot)ermal systems #/)om&son et al., ?999%

Knowledge Gaps Kesearc)ers )a e gat)ered an im&ressi e amo!nt o" kno'ledge o er t)e last ten years 'it) res&ect to )o', and ')ere, VM$ de&osits "orm 'it)in ario!s geodynamic regimes. /)is is d!e to a combination o" st!dies o" modern sea"loor en ironments and detailed and regional(scale st!dies o" ancient VM$ en ironments. /)ese st!dies )a e allo'ed !s to &lace VM$ de&ositional en ironments 'it)in t)e conte:t o" di erse s!&ra(s!bd!ction settings t)at can be identi"ied in de"ormed and metamor&)osed terranes t)ro!g) lit)ostratigra&)ic "acies e al!ation and lit)ogeoc)emical analyses. Pros&ecti e settings "or s!b(sea"loor )ydrot)ermal systems can no' be determined t)ro!g) identi"ication o" syn olcanic intr!sions t)at trigger t)e systems, geoc)emical ariations in altered rocks and c)emical sedimentary )ori;ons, and t)e !se o" mineralogy, geoc)emistry and isoto&e geology. /)e "!ndamental ingredient "or t)e e""icient !se o" t)ese tools is an a&&ro&riate le el o" !nderstanding o" t)e arc)itect!re o" t)e olcanic terranes. Ma&&ing at ?F43L scale and com&limentary geoc)ronological st!dies o" t)e Flin Flon, $no' Bake, Bea" Ka&ids and .at)!rst mining cam&s 'ere key to !nderstanding t)e e ol!tion o" t)e ario!s VM$()osting arc assemblages and at ')at &eriod o" time in t)is e ol!tion t)e de&osits "ormed. Detailed lit)ostratigra&)ic ma&&ing 'as essential in !nra eling de"ormation )istories and !nderstanding t)e str!ct!ral re&etitions o" &ros&ecti e ore )ori;ons. -t larger scales 'e still need a better !nderstanding o" t)e longe ity o" )ydrot)ermal systems and t)e c)aracter and scale o" "l!id "lo' into bot) olcanic and sedimentary )anging 'all strata. Me also need a better !nderstanding o" )o' to &ros&ect "or VM$ en ironments t)ro!g) t)ick dri"t co er !sing no el )ea y mineral analysis and selecti e leac) met)ods. $!ccess"!l e:&loration !nder co er reA!ires im&ro ed !nderstanding o" t)e &rocesses o" secondary and tertiary remobili;ation o" metals and trace elements "rom a VM$ de&osit and its associated alteration system.

So e Areas of !igh Mineral "otential in Canada /)e recognition o" ne' classes o" )ig)(s!l"idation and s)allo'('ater VM$ de&osits and t)eir genetic association 'it) di""erentiated magmatic s!ites in bot) calc(alkaline and alkaline olcanic arcs o&ens !& ne' terranes and olcanic enr ironments to e:&loration t)at 'ere &re io!sly considered non(&ros&ecti e "or VM$. /)ese en ironments incl!de arc "ronts and s!ccessor magmatic arcs in addition to &rimiti e ri"ted arc and back(arc terranes. ,alc(alkaline to alkaline terranes s!c) as t)e /riassic Cicola 0ro!& and t)e Bo'er J!rassic Ha;elton 0ro!& in ., s)o!ld be re isited "or aty&ical VM$ de&osits. = ol ed &arts o" -rc)ean greenstone terranes, in &artic!lar @4.8 0a terranes, in ')ic) t)ere 'as in ol ement o" early sialic cr!st, s)o!ld also be considered in t)is conte:tJ i.e. Frotet(/roil!s domain, 0rand Cord, Cort) ,aribo!, and 'estern $la e s!b&ro inces.

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Inci&ient ri"t en ironments o" t)e Paleo&rotero;oic /rans(H!dson Hrogen. /)e &resence o" large ol!mes o" iron "ormation and associated VM$ minerali;ation in t)e Babrador /ro!g) is e idence o" e:tensi e )ydrot)ermal systems generated in t)ese 4.? to 4.3 0a ri"t systems on bot) margins o" t)e orogen. M)y did t)ese not de elo& large VM$ de&osits as in ot)er Fe("ormation ric) en ironments #e.g., Manito!'adge%T Intr!sions associated 'it) Ci(,!(P0= minerali;ation re&resent large ol!mes o" magma commonly em&laced at s)allo' cr!stal le els as &art o" olcano(&l!tonic com&le:es. I" em&laced in a s!baA!eo!s en ironment, t)ese terranes s)o!ld be )ig)ly &ros&ecti e "or ma"ic siliciclastic or ma"ic(dominated VM$ de&osits. /)ese may incl!de t)e s!bmarine olcanic stratigra&)y abo e t)e Fo: Ki er and .ird Ki er sills in Manitoba and &ossibly t)e .ad Vermilion anort)ositic com&le: in so!t)'estern Hntario. Intra(continental back(arc en ironments )a e been recogni;ed as )ig)ly &ros&ecti e "or VM$. M)ere are t)e continental back(arc en ironments in t)e $!&erior, $la e and 0ren ille &ro incesT Ha e 'e e:&lored eno!g) in t)e E4.8 0a or R ?.2 0a terranesT /erranes a""ected by t)in(skinned "old(t)r!st tectonics &resent s&ecial c)allenges "or e:&loration b!t are also )ig)ly &ros&ecti e "or VM$. /)e &otential "or ne' e:&loration targets in areas s!c) as t)e ,entral Volcanic .elt o" Ce'"o!ndland is )ig), and t)e lessons learned in t)e Iberian Pyrite .elt 'it) res&ect to e:&loring in s!c) terranes can be a&&lied in t)ese and ot)er similar terranes in ,anada. /)e so(called oceanic terranes o" .,, s!c) as t)e /riassic $lide Mo!ntain and ,ac)e ,reek terrane, s)o!ld be ree al!ated "or t)eir VM$ &otential in lig)t o" t)e &ossibility t)at t)ey re&resent back arc and not ocean basin en ironments. /)e &resence o" boninite and s!b olcanic tonalite(trond)*emite intr!sions D r)yolites in t)ese terranes 'o!ld be key indicators o" &ossible arc(back(arc systems. .oninite, in &artic!lar, is an indication o" a de&leted mantle so!rce ty&ical o" nascent to back(arc regimes #,ra'"ord et al., ?989J $tern et al., ?992J Lerric) at al., ?998J Piercey et al., 433?%.

#eferences Aggar al5 P6(65 and 7ongstaffe5 F6865 +4215 H:ygen isoto&e geoc)emistry o" metamor&)osed massi e s!l"ide de&osits o" t)e Flin Flon( $no' Bake .elt, ManitobaF ,ontrib!tions to Mineralogy and Petrology, . 96, &. 1?8(142. Allen5 *6765 7undstr9m5 :65 *ipa5 M65 Simeonov5 A65 C!ristofferson5 )65 +4405 Facies analysis o" a ?.9 0a, continental margin, back arc, "elsic caldera &ro ince 'it) di erse +n(Pb(-g #,!(-!% s!l"ide and Fe o:ide de&osits, .ergslagen region, $'edenF =conomic 0eology, . 9?, &. 959(?338. Allen5 *6765 ;ei!ed5 P65 and Glo#al VMS *esearc! Pro<ect $eam5 ,33,5 0lobal com&arisons o" olcanic(associated massi e s!l&)ide districts, in .l!ndell, D.J., Ce!ba!er, F., and Von I!adt, -., eds., /)e /iming and Bocation o" Ma*or Hre De&osits in an = ol ing HrogenF 0eological $ociety o" Bondon $&ecial P!blication 438, &. ?1(15. Alt5 86C65 +44/5 $!bsea"loor &rocesses in mid(ocean ridge )ydrot)ermal systems, $ea"loor Hydrot)ermal $ystemsF P)ysical, ,)emical, .iological, and 0eological Interactions, -0G 0eo&)ysical Monogra&) 9?, &. 82(??8. =arrie5 C6$65 +44/5 +ircon t)ermometry o" )ig)(tem&erat!re r)yolites near olcanic(associated s!l"ide de&ositsF 0eology, . 41, &. ?69(?54. =arrie5 C6$65 and )annington5 M6D65 +4445 Introd!ctionF ,lassi"ication o" VM$ de&osits based on )ost rock com&osition, in .arrie, ,./., and

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Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology, . 8, &. 4(?3. =arrie5 C6$65 7udden5 86>65 and Green5 A6)65 +44-5 0eoc)emistry o" Volcanic Kocks -ssociated 'it) ,!(+n and Ci(,! de&osits in t)e -bitibi $!b&ro inceF =conomic 0eology, . 88, &. ?18?(?128. =ailes5 A6 )65 and Galley5 A6G65 +4445 = ol!tion o" t)e Paleo&rotero;oic $no' Bake arc assemblage and geodynamic setting "or associated olcanic()osted massi e s!l"ide de&osits, Flin Flon .elt, Manitoba, ,anadaF ,anadian Jo!rnal o" =art) $cience, . 16, &. ?589(?832. =arrett5 $6865 and S!erloc?5 *675 +440a5 Volcanic stratigra&)y, lit)ogeoc)emistry, and sea"loor setting o" t)e H(M massi e s!l"ide de&osit, Myra Falls, Vanco! er Island, .ritis) ,ol!mbiaF =:&loration and Mining 0eology, . 2, &. 84?(828. =arrett5 $6 865 and S!erloc?5 *6765 +440#5 0eology, lit)ogeoc)emistry, and olcanic setting o" t)e =skay ,reek -!(-g(,!(+n de&osit, nort)ern .ritis) ,ol!mbiaF =:&loration and Mining 0eology, . 2, &.119(168. =@dard5 86)65 and )@#ert5 *65 +4405 /)e lo'er cr!st o" t)e .ay o" Islands o&)iolite, ,anadaF Petrology, mineralogy, and t)e im&ortance o" synte:is in magmatic di""erentiation in o&)iolites and at ocean ridgesF Jo!rnal o" 0eo&)ysical Kesearc), . ?3?, &. 42?32(42?48. =@dard5 86)65 7auAiBre5 (65 $rem#lay5 A65 and Sangster5 A65 +4425 = idence "rom .etts ,o e o&)iolite boninites "or "orearc sea"loor(s&readingF /ectono&)ysics, . 488, &. 411(482. =loomer5 S6)65 $aylor5 =65 Mac 7eod5 C6865 Stern5 *6 865 Fryer5 P65 )a ?ins 86 ;65 8o!nson5 765 +44/5 =arly arc olcanism and t)e o&)iolite &roblemF - &ers&ecti e "rom drilling in t)e Mestern Paci"icF 0eo&)ysical Monogra&) 88, &. ?(13. =rads!a 5 G6D65 *o ins5 S6M65 Peter5 86M65 and $aylor5 =6&65 ,33-5 0enesis o" t)e Mol erine de&osit, Finlayson Bake district, P!konF - transitional style o" &olymetallic massi e s!l"ide minerali;ation in an ancient continental margin settingF /)e 0ang!e, &. ?(5. =rau!art5 C6;65 Groves5 D6:65 and Morant5 P65 +4425 Kegional alteration systems associated 'it) olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide minerali;ation at Panorama, Pilbara, Mestern -!straliaF =conomic 0eology, . 91, &. 494(134. Carval!o5 D65 =arriga5 F686A6S65 and Mun!a5 865 +4445 .imodal(siliciclastic systems ( /)e case o" t)e Iberian Pyrite .elt, in .arrie, ,./., and Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology, . 8, &. 152(834. Cat!les5 76M65 +44-5 H:ygen Isoto&e -lteration in t)e Coranda Mining District, -bitibi 0reenstone .elt, I!ebecF =conomic 0eology, . 88, &. ?881(?2??. Cor#ett5 (6D65 +44,5 $tratigra&)ic( olcanic setting o" massi e s!l"ide de&osits in t)e ,ambrian Mo!nt Kead olcanics, 'estern /asmaniaF =conomic 0eology, . 85, &. 268(286.

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Cra ford5 A6865 Falloon5 $6865 and Green D6)65 +4245 ,lassi"ication, &etrogenesis and tectonic setting o" boninite, in ,ra'"ord, -.J., ed., .oninites and Kelated KocksF Gn'in Hyman, Bondon, &. 4(88. Dimrot!5 &65 :mre!5 765 Goulet5 >65 and *oc!eleau5 M65 +42-5 = ol!tion o" t)e so!t)(central segment o" t)e -rc)ean -bitibi .elt, I!ebecJ Part II, /ectonic e ol!tion and geomec)anical modelF ,anadian Jo!rnal o" =art) $ciences 43, &. ?122(?151. Doyle5 M6G65 and McP!ie5 85 ,3335 Facies arc)itect!re o" a silicic intr!sion(dominated olcanic centre at Hig)'ay(Ke'ard, I!eensland, -!straliaF Jo!rnal o" Volcanology and 0eot)ermal Kesearc), . 99, &. 59(96. Du#@5 =65 Mercier-7angevin5 P65 )annington5 M6D65 Davis5 D6;65 7aFrance5 =65 ,33.5 Be gisement de s!l"!res massi"s olcanogUnes a!ri"Ures BaKonde, -bitibi, I!QbecF alteration, mineralisation genUse et im&lications &o!r l7e:&lorationF MinistUre de Keso!rces Cat!relles, I!Qbec, . M. 4338(31, &. ??4 &. &astoe5 C6865 Solomon5 M65 and ;als!e5 86765 +4215 District(scale alteration associated 'it) massi e s!l"ide de&osits in t)e Mo!nt Kead olcanics, /asmaniaF =conomic 0eology, . 84, &. ?438(?418. &c?strand5 C6*65 Sinclair5 ;6D65 and $!orpe5 *6:65 +4405 0eology o" ,anadian Mineral De&osit /y&es, Decade in Cort) -merican 0eology, 8, 0eological $!r ey o" ,anada. P(?, &. ?49(?96. &pp5 M65 and Croc?et5 86)65 +4445 0eology and geoc)emistry o" t)e Potterdoal ,!(+n de&osit, M!nro to'ns)i&, Hntario, in Hannington, M.D., and .arrie, ,./., eds., /)e 0iant Lidd ,reek olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osit, 'estern -bitibi s!b&ro ince, ,anadaF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ?3, &. 291(6?4. Fran?lin5 86M6 and )annington5 M6D65 ,33,5 Volcanogenic massi e s!l"ides t)ro!g) timeF 0eological $ociety o" -merica, 4334 -nn!al Meeting, -bstracts 'it) Programs 18J 6, &. 481. Fran?lin5 86M65 7ydon5 86;65 and Sangster5 D6F65 +42+5 Volcanic(associated massi e s!l"ide de&ositsJ in $kinner, ..J., ed., =conomic 0eology 52t) -nni ersary Vol!me, &. 882(645. Fran?lin5 86M65 )annington5 M6D65 8onasson5 :6*65 and =arrie5 C6$65 +4425 -rc(related olcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide de&ositsF Proceedings o" $)ort ,o!rse on Metallogeny o" Volcanic -rcs, Jan!ary 48(42, Vanco! erF .ritis) ,ol!mbia 0eological $!r ey H&en(File ?998(8, &. C?(C14. Galley5 A6G65 +44-5 $emi(con"ormable alteration ;ones in olcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide districtsF Jo!rnal o" 0eoc)emical =:&loration, . 88, &. ?52(433. Galley5 A6G65 ,33-5 ,om&osite syn olcanic intr!sions associated 'it) Precambrian VM$( related )ydrot)ermal systemsF Minerali!m De&osita, . 18, &. 881(851. Galley5 A6G65 =ailes5 A6)6 and (itAler5 G65 +44-5 0eological setting and )ydrot)ermal e ol!tion o" t)e ,)isel Bake and Cort) ,)isel +n(Pb(-g(-! massi e s!l&)ide de&osit, $no' Bake, ManitobaF =:&loration and Mining 0eology, . 4, &. 45?( 492. Galley5 A6G65 and (os?i5 *6A65 +4445 $etting and c)aracteristics o" o&)iolite()osted olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osits, in .arrie,

15
,./., and Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology, . 8, &. 4?2(416. Gi#son5 )6765 and ;at?inson5 D6)65 +4435 Volcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide de&osits o" t)e Coranda ,a!ldron and $)ield Volcano, I!ebec, in Ki e, M., Ver&aelst, P., 0agnon, P., B!lin, J.M., Ki erin, 0. and $imard, -., eds., /)e Cort)'estern I!ebec Polymetallic .eltF ,anadian Instit!te "or Mining and Metall!rgy ( $&ecial Vol!me 81, &. ??9(?14. Galley5 A6G65 and 8onasson5 :6*65 ,33-5 ,lassi"ication and tectonic en ironments o" VM$ de&osits in t)e Flin Flon mining cam&, Manitoba. 0-,NM-, 0eneral Meeting, Program 'it) -bstracts #,D% Goodfello 5 ;6D65 McCutc!eon5 S6*6 and Peter5 86M65 ,33-5 Massi e s!l"ide de&osits o" t)e .at)!rst Mining ,am&, Ce' .r!ns'ick and Cort)ern MaineF Introd!ction and s!mmary o" "indingsF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ??, &. ?(?6. Goodfello 5 ;6 D65 Dieren#erg5 *6A65 and CDP +40 S!ip#oards Science Party5 +4445 0enesis o" massi e s!l"ide de&osits at sediment(co ered s&reading centers, in .arrie, ,./., and Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology, . 8, &. 495(148. Green5 G6*65 C!moto5 )65 Date5 865 and $a?a!as!i5 $65 +42-5 M)ole(rock o:ygen isoto&e distrib!tion in t)e F!ka;a'a(Losaka area, Hok!roko district, Ja&an, and its &otential a&&lication to mineral e:&lorationF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) 2, &. 192( 2??. )amilton5 ;6=65 +44/5 $!bd!ction systems and magmatismF 0eological $ociety o" Bondon $&ecial P!blication, . 8?, &. 1(48. )annington5 M6 D65 8onasson5 :6*65 )erAig5 P6M65 and Petersen5 S65 +44/5 P)ysical and c)emical &rocesses o" sea"loor minerali;ation at mid(ocean ridgesF $ea"loor Hydrot)ermal $ystemsF P)ysical, ,)emical, .iological, and 0eological Interactions, . -0G 0eo&)ysical Monogra&) 9?, &. ??2(?25. )annington5 M6D65 Galley5 A6G65 )erAig5 P6M65 and Petersen5 S65 +4425 ,om&arison o" t)e /-0 mo!nd and stock'ork com&le: 'it) ,y&r!s(ty&e massi e s!l"ide de&ositsJ Proceedings o" t)e Hcean Drilling Program, $cienti"ic Kes!lts Vol!me, Beg ?28, &. 189(8?2. )annington5 M6D65 =arrie5 C6$65 and =lee?er5 ;65 +444a5 /)e giant Lidd ,reek olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osit, 'estern -bitibi $!b&ro ince, ,anada, in Hannington, M.D., and .arrie, ,./., eds., /)e 0iant Lidd ,reek olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osit, 'estern -bitibi s!b&ro ince, ,anadaF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ?3, &. ?(13. )annington5 M6D65 =lee?er5 ;65 and (<arsgaard5 :65 +444#5 $!l"ide mineralogy, geoc)emistry and ore genesis o" t)e Lidd ,reek de&ositF Part II. /)e bornite ;one, in Hannington, M.D., and .arrie, ,./., eds., /)e 0iant Lidd ,reek olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osit, 'estern -bitibi s!b&ro ince, ,anadaF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ?3, &. 442( 466. )annington5 M6D65 Poulsen5 (6)65 $!ompson5 86F6)6 Sillitoe5 *6)6 +444c5 Volcanogenic gold in t)e massi e s!l"ide en ironment, in .arrie, ,./., and Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology 8, &. 142(126.

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)annington5 M6D65 Santaguida5 F65 (<arsgaard5 :6M65 and Cat!les5 76M65 ,33-5 Kegional greensc)ist "acies )ydrot)ermal alteration in t)e central .lake Ki er 0ro!&, 'estern -bitibi s!b&ro ince, ,anadaF Minerali!m De&osita, . 18, &. 191(844. )errington5 *6865 Armstrong5 *6>65 Day?ov5 V6V65 Maslenni?ov5 V6V65 $essalina5 S6G65 Crgeval5 86865 $aylor5 *6>6A65 ,33,5 Massi e s!l"ide de&osits in t)e $o!t) GralsJ geological setting 'it)in t)e "rame'ork o" t)e Gralide Hrogen, in .ro'n, D., J!)lin, ,., P!c)ko , V., eds., Mo!ntain .!ilding in t)e GralidesJ Pangea to t)e &resentF 0eo&)ysical Monogra&). ?14, &. ?22(?84. )erAig5 P6M65 and )annington5 M6D65 +44/5 Polymetallic massi e s!l"ides at t)e modern sea"loorF - re ie'F Hre 0eology Ke ie's, . ?3, &. 92(??2. )odges5 D6865 and Mano<lovic5 P6M65 +44-5 -&&lication o" lit)ogeoc)emistry to e:&loration "or dee& VM$ de&osits in )ig) grade metamor&)ic rocksF Jo!rnal o" 0eoc)emical =:&loration, . 88, &. 43?(448. (alogeropoulos5 S6:65 and Scott5 S6D65 +42-5 Mineralogy and geoc)emistry o" t!""aceo!s e:)alites #/ets!sekiei% o" t)e F!ka;a'a mine, Hok!roko District, Ja&anF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) 2, &. 8?4(814. (alogeropoulos5 S6:65 and Scott5 S6D65 +4245 Mineralogy and geoc)emistry o" an -rc)ean t!""aceo!s e:)aliteF t)e Main ,ontact /!"", Millenbac) mine area, Coranda, I!ebecF ,anadian Jo!rnal o" =art) $ciences, . 46, &. 88(?32. (err5 D6865 and Gi#son5 )6765 +44-5 - com&arison bet'een t)e olcanology and geoc)emistry o" olcanic s!ccessions )osting t)e Horne mine de&osit and smaller intra(ca!ldron de&osits o" t)e mine seA!enceF =conomic 0eology, . 88, &. ?8?9(?881. (erric!5 *65 ;yman5 D65 Fan5 865 and =lee?er5 ;65 +4425 .oninite series ( lo' /i(t)oleiite associations "rom t)e 4.5 0a -bitibi greenstone beltF =art) and Planetary $cience Betters, . ?68, &. 131(1?6. 7ager#lad5 =65 and Gor#atsc!ev5 *65 +42/5 Hydrot)ermal alteration as a control o" regional geoc)emistry and ore "ormation in t)e central .altic $)ieldF 0eologisc)e K!ndsc)a!, . 58, &. 11(89. 7arge5 *6*65 +44,5 -!stralian olcanic()osted massi e s!l&)ide de&ositsF "eat!res, styles and genetic modelsF =conomic 0eology, . 85, &. 85?(2?3. 7arge5 *6*65 Doyle5 M65 *aymond5 C65 Coo?e5 D65 8ones5 A65 and )eaman5 765 +4405 = al!ation o" t)e role o" ,ambrian granites in t)e genesis o" 'orld class VHM$ de&osits in /asmaniaF Hre 0eology Ke ie's, . ?3, &. 4?2(413. 7entA5 D6 *65 +4425 Petrogenetic e ol!tion o" "elsic olcanic seA!ences associated 'it) P)anero;oic olcanic( )osted massi e s!l"ide systemsF t)e role o" e:tensional geodynamicsF Hre 0eology Ke ie's, . ?4, &. 489(145. 7iag!at5 S65 and Mac7ean5 ;6)65 +44,5 /)e Ley /!""ite, Matagami mining districtF Hrigin o" t)e t!"" com&onents and mass c)angesF =:&loration and Mining 0eology, . ?, &. ?95(435.

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7ydon5 86 ;65 +42.5 $ome obser ations on t)e mor&)ology and ore te:t!res o" olcanogenic s!l"ide de&osits o" ,y&r!sF 0eological $!r ey o" ,anada, ,!rrent Kesearc), Pa&er 88(3?-, &.63?(6?3. 7ydon5 86;65 +4405 ,)aracteristics o" olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&ositsF Inter&retations in terms o" )ydrot)ermal con ection systems and magmatic )ydrot)ermal systemsF Instit!to /ecnologico 0eominero de =s&ana, .oletin geologico y minero, . ?35, no. 1(8, &. ?2(68. Morton5 86765 and Fran?lin5 86M65 +4215 /'o("old classi"ication o" -rc)ean olcanic(associated massi e s!l"ide de&ositsF =conomic 0eology, . 84, &. ?325(?361. Mun!a5 865 and (erric!5 *65 +4235 $ea 'ater(basalt interaction in s&ilites "rom t)e Iberian Pyrite .eltF ,ontrib!tions to Mineralogy and Petrology, . 51, &. ?9?(433. >elson5 865 and Mi!alynu?5 M65 ,33.5 Mega(terranes and dee& str!ct!resF tectonics and t)e &otential "or ma*or ne' mineral de&osits in .ritis) ,ol!mbiaF Mineral =:&loration Ko!nd!&, &. 46. Paradis5 S65 $aylor5 =6&65 ;at?inson5 D6)65 and 8onasson5 :6865 +44-5 H:ygen isoto&e ;onation and alteration in t)e Coranda mining district, -bitibi greenstone belt, I!ebecF =conomic 0eology, . 88, &. ?2?4(?242. Peter5 86M65 and Goodfello 5 ;6D65 +440a5 0enesis o" massi e s!l"ide(associated )ydrot)ermal sediments along t)e .r!ns'ick .elt, .at)!rst ,am&, Ce' .r!ns'ickF ,anadian Jo!rnal o" =art) $ciences, . 14. Peter5 86 M65 and Goodfello 5 ;6D65 +440#5 Mineralogy, b!lk and rare eart) element geoc)emistry o" massi e s!l"ide(associated )ydrot)ermal sediments o" t)e .r!ns'ick Hori;on, .at)!rst Mining ,am&, Ce' .r!ns'ickF ,anadian Jo!rnal o" =art) $ciences, . 11, &. 424(481. Peter5 86M65 and Scott5 S6D65 +4445 Mindy ,raggy, nort)'estern .ritis) ,ol!mbiaF /)e 'orld7s largest .ess)i(ty&e de&osit, in .arrie, ,./., and Hannington, M.D., eds., Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l"ide De&ositsF Processes and =:am&les in Modern and -ncient $ettingsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology, . 8, &. 46?(492. Peter5 86 M65 ,33-5 -ncient iron(ric) metalli"ero!s sediments #iron "ormations%F t)eir genesis and !se in t)e e:&loration "or strati"orm base metal s!l&)ide de&osits, 'it) e:am&les "rom t)e .at)!rst Mining ,am&, in Bent;, D.K., ed., 0eoc)emistry o" $ediments and $edimentary KocksF $ec!lar = ol!tionary ,onsiderations to Mineral De&osit(Forming =n ironments, 0=Hte:t 8.F $t. Jo)n7s, 0eological -ssociation o" ,anada, &. ?82(?51. Petersen5 S65 )erAig5 P6M65 and )annington5 M6D65 ,3335 /)ird dimension o" a &resently "orming VM$ de&ositF /-0 Hydrot)ermal Mo!nd, Mid(-tlantic Kidge, 46oCF Minerali!m De&osita, . 12, &. 411(429. Petersen5 S65 Sc! arA-Sc!ampera5 E65 )erAig5 P65 )annington5 M65 and 8onasson5 :65 ,33.5 Hydrot)ermal &reci&itates associated 'it) bimodal olcanism in t)e ,entral .rans"ield $trait, -ntarcticaF Minerali!m De&osita, . 19, &. 128(159. Piercey5 S6 865 Murp!y5 D6C65 Mortensen5 86(65 and Paradis5 S65 ,33+ , .oninitic magmatism in a continental margin setting, P!kon(/anana terrane, so!t)eastern P!kon, ,anadaF 0eology, . 49, &. 51?(518.

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Poulsen5 )65 and )annington5 M65 +44/5 -!ri"ero!s Volcanogenic $!l"ide De&osits, in =ckstrand, H.K., $inclair, M.D. and /)or&e, K.I., eds. 0eology o" ,anadian Mineral De&osit /y&es, 0eology o" ,anada, no. 8, Decade o" Cort) -merican 0eology #DC-0%, 0eological $ociety o" -merica, P(?. &. ?81(?96. Po ell5 ;6G65 Carmic!ael5 D6M65 )odgeson5 C6865 +44-5 Kelati e timing o" metamor&)ism and tectonism d!ring t)e e ol!tion o" t)e so!t)ern -bitibi greenstone belt. in ,aty, J.B., ed., B7=:ce&tionnel &otentiel mineral d! I!ebec, !ne realite a deco! rirJ res!me des con"erencesJ seminaire d7in"ormation ?991 #/)e e:ce&tional mineral &otential o" I!ebec, a reality yet to be disco eredJ in"ormation seminar ?991% con"erence abstracts. DV ( Direction generale de l7=:&loration 0eologiA!e et Minerale. &. 89(23 *ic!ards5 86 P65 ,33-5 /ectono(magmatic &rec!rsors "or &or&)yry ,!(#Mo(-!% de&osit "ormationF =conomic 0eology, . 98, &. ?2?2(?218. Sangster5 D65 +4235 I!antitati e c)aracteristics o" olcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide de&osits I. Metal content and si;e distrib!tion o" massi e s!l&)ide de&osits in olcanic centersF ,IM .!lletin, . 51, &. 58(8?. Santaguida5 F65 Gi#son5 )6765 ;at?inson5 D6)65 and )annington5 M6D65 +4425 $emi(con"ormable e&idote(A!art; )ydrot)ermal alteration in t)e ,entral Coranda Volcanic ,om&le:F Kelations)i& to olcanic acti ity and VM$ minerali;ationF ,-MIKH Pro*ect 98=35, -nn!al Ke&ort, /)e Gse o" Kegional($cale -lteration and $!b olcanic Intr!sions in t)e =:&loration "or Volcanic(-ssociated Massi e $!l&)ide De&osits, &. ?19(?83. Se#ert5 C6 and =arrett5 $6865 +4405 $tratigra&)y, alteration, and minerali;ation at t)e /!lseA!a) c)ie" massi e s!l"ide de&osit, nort)'estern .ritis) ,ol!mbiaJ in J!ras, $.J. and $&ooner, =./.,., eds., Volcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osits o" t)e .ritis) ,ol!mbia ,ordilleraF =:&loration and Mining 0eology 2J 8, &. 48?( 138. S!arpe5 *65 and Gemmell5 86=65 ,33,5 /)e -rc)ean ,!(+n magnetite(ric) 0ossan Hill olcanic()osted massi e s!l"ide de&osit, Mestern -!straliaJ genesis o" a m!ltistage )ydrot)ermal systemF =conomic 0eology, . 95, &. 2?5(219.99 S!erloc?5 *6765 *ot!5 $65 Spooner5 &6$6C65 and =ray5 C6865 +4445 /)e origin o" t)e =skay ,reek &recio!s metal(ric) olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&ositF "l!id incl!sion and stable isoto&e dataF =conomic 0eology, . 98, &. 831(848. Sillitoe5 *6 )65 )annington5 M6D65 and $!ompson5 86F6)65 +440 , Hig) s!l"idation de&osits in t)e olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide en ironmentF =conomic 0eology, . 9?, &. 438(4?4. Singer5 D6A65 +44/5 Morld(class base and &recio!s metal de&osits ( a A!antitati e analysisF =conomic 0eology, . 93, &. 88(?38. Spooner5 &6$6C65 and Fyfe5 ;6S65 +41-5 $!b(sea"loor metamor&)ism, )eat and mass trans"erF ,ontrib!tions to Mineralogy and Petrology, . 84, &. 485(138. Spry5 P6G65 Peter5 86M65 and Slac?5 86F65 ,3335 Meta(e:)alites as e:&loration g!ides to ore, in $&ry, P.0., Mars)all, .., and Vokes, F.M., eds., Metamor&)osed and metamor&)ogenic ore de&ositsF Ke ie's in =conomic 0eology ol. ??, &. ?61(43?.

19
Stern5 *6A65 Syme5 &6C65 =ailes5 A6)6 and 7ucas5 S6=65 +44/5 Paleo&rotero;oic #?.93(?.86 0a% arc olcanism in t)e Flin Flon .elt, /rans(H!dson Hrogen, ,anadaF ,ontrib!tions to Mineralogy and Petrology, . ??9, &. ??5(?8?. Stinton5 86M65 and Detric?5 *6S65 +44,5 Mid(ocean ridge magma c)ambersF Jo!rnal o" 0eo&)ysical Kesearc), . 95, &. ?95(4?6. S inden5 )6S65 (ean5 =6F65 and Dunning5 G6*65 +4225 0eological and &aleotectonic settings o" olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide minerali;ation in ,entral Ce'"o!ndland, in $'inden, H.$. and Lean, ..F., eds., /)e Volcanogenic $!l"ide Districts o" Ce'"o!ndlandF 0eological -ssociation o" ,anada, Mineral De&osits Di ision, &. 4(45. Syme5 &6C6 and =ailes5 A6)65 +44-5 $tratigra&)y and tectonic setting o" =arly Protero;oic olcanogenic massi e s!l&)ide de&osits, Flin Flon, ManitobaF =conomic 0eology, . 88, &. 266(289. /aylor, ..=., and $o!t) ..,., ?982, Kegional stable isoto&e systematics o" )ydrot)ermal alteration and massi e s!l"ide de&osition in t)e Mest $)asta District, ,ali"orniaF =conomic 0eology, . 83, &. 4?89(4?61. $!ompson5 A6 86 =65 )auff5 and *o#itaille5 P6765 +4445 -lteration ma&&ing in e:&lorationF -&&lication o" s)ort('a e in"rared #$MIK% s&ectrosco&yF $=0 Ce'sletter, . 19. van Staal5 C6*65 ;ilson5 *6A65 *ogers5 >65 Fyffe5 76*65 7angton5 86P65 McCutc!eon5 S6*65 Mc>icoll5 V65 and *aven!urst5 C6&65 ,33-5 0eology and tectonic )istory o" t)e .at)!rst $!&ergro!&, .at)!rst Mining ,am&, and its relations)i&s to coe al rocks in so!t)'estern Ce' .r!ns'ick and ad*acent Maine ( a synt)esisF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ??, &. 15(63. ;al?er5 P6>65 and =ar#our5 D6M65 +42+ ,0eology o" t)e .!c)ans ore )ori;on breccias, in $'anson, =.-., $trong, D.F., and /)!rlo', J.0., eds., /)e .!c)ans ore bodyJ "i"ty years o" geology and miningF 0eological -ssociation o" ,anada, $&ecial &a&er 44, &. ?6?(?82. ;ei!ed5 P65 +4405 /)e tectonic setting o" olcanic()osted massi e s!l"ide de&osits in t)e Paleo&rotero;oic $kelle"te district, nort)ern $'edenF 0eological -ssociation o" ,anadaNMineralogical -ssociation o" ,anada -nn!al Meeting ?996, Program 'it) -bstracts, &. -(?3?. ;!alen5 86=65 Mc>icoll5 V6865 Galley5 A6G65 and 7ongstaffe5 F6865 ,33.5 /ectonic and metallogenic im&ortance o" an -rc)ean com&osite )ig)( and lo'(-l tonalite s!ite, 'estern $!&erior Pro ince, ,anadaF 0eological $!r ey o" ,anada, Precambrian Kesearc), ol. ?14, iss!e 1, &. 452(13?. ;yman5 D6A65 =lee?er5 ;65 and (erric!5 *65 +4445 - 4.5 0a komatiite, lo' /i t)oleiite, arc t)oleiite transition, and in"erred &roto(arc geodynamic setting o" t)e Lidd ,reek de&ositF e idence "rom &recise trace element data, in Hannington, M.D. and .arrie, ,./., eds., /)e 0iant Lidd ,reek olcanogenic massi e s!l"ide de&osit, 'estern -bitibi s!b&ro ince, ,anadaF =conomic 0eology Monogra&) ?3, &. 2??(248. Fang5 (65 and Scott5 S6D65 ,33-5 0eoc)emical relations)i&s o" "elsic magmas to ore metals in massi e s!l"ide de&osits o" t)e .at)!rst mining cam&, Iberian Pyrite .elt, Hok!roko district and t)e -bitibi .eltF =conomic 0eology, . Monogra&) ??, &. 825(858. Diegler5 P6765 +44,5 Plate tectonics, &late mo ing mec)anisms and ri"tingF /ectono&)ysics, . 4?2, &. 9(18.

20

Tables $a#le +6 Ma<or ;orld VMS Deposits and Districts >o6G ? 4 1 8 2 6 5 8 9 ?3 ?? ?4 ?1 ?8 ?2 ?6 ?5 ?8 ?9 43 4? 44 41 48 42 46 45 48 49 13 1? 14 11 18 Deposit%District5 Country .rooks Kange, -laska Finlayson Bake, PL Cort)ern ,ordillera, ., Myra Falls, ., $)asta, ,ali"ornia Jerome, -ri;ona ,entral Me:ico /ambo 0rande -ma;onian craton, .ra;il $la e Pro ince, CM/, CV K!ttan, M. Flin Flon($no' Bake, M. 0eco(Manito!'adge, HC $t!rgeon Bake, HC Badysmit)(K)inelander, Misconsin -bitibi, HC(I, .at)!rst, C. D!nnage +one, CF Iberian Pyrite .elt, $&ain V Port!gal - oca, Ireland /rond)*eim, Cor'ay $kelle"te, $'eden H!tok!m&!(Py)asalmi, Finland .ergslagen(Hri*ar i, $'eden V Finland Preiska, $o!t) -"rica /roodos, ,y&r!s .lack $ea, /!rkey $a!di -rabia $email, Hman $o!t)ern Grals, K!ssia ,entral Grals, K!ssia K!dny -ltai, La;a)kstan -ltai($)an, Mongolia $onnage (Mt) 12 43 ?33 12 12 83 ?43 433 12 13 82 ?23 63 12 83 633 892 52 ?252 15 ?33 53 93 ??3 82 12 433 53 13 833 ?33 833 83

Minday ,raggy, ., V 0reen7s ,reek, -laska 133

21
12 16 15 18 19 83 81 88 82 86 Cort) Iilian, ,)ina $an*iang, ,)ina .a'd'in(Baocang, .!rma Hok!roko, Ja&an .ess)i, Ja&an P)illi&ines ,entral I!eensland, -!stralia Bac)lan Fold .elt, -!stralia Mt. Kead, /asmania $ino(Lorean Plat"orm ?33 23 83 83 413 62 52 83 ?33 433 83

8?(84 Mestern -!stralia

S n!mbers re"er to Fig!re ?J tonnage is a&&ro:imate $a#le ,6 Canadian VMS deposits presently in production Mt Deposit Lidd ,reek 7ocation -bitibi, Hntario ?89.1 ?15.1 85.1 22 46.1 ?2.? ?8.2 ?3.4 8.8 1.9 1.4 4.8 8 ?.9 Cu t6H 4.89 3.11 3.98 3.11 ?.9 1.65 4.68 4.?? ?.49 1.29 Dn t6H 6.16 9.26 ?.98 4.?? 2.91 ?.22 8.98 8.59 8.34 6.84 ?.? 3.22 P# 3.44 Ag Au g%t Age t6H g%t 1.26 ?33 43

94 3.32 -rc)ean 3.4 Hrdo ician 3.9 -rc)ean

.r!ns'ick Co. .at)!rst, C... ?4 $elbaie BaKonde .!ttle Bake Bo! ico!rt /ri&le 5 .o!c)ard( Hebert ,allinan D!ck PondS .ell -llard ,)isel Cort) =skay ,reek Lon!to -bitibi, I!ebec -bitibi, I!ebec Mrangellia, ..,. -bitibi, I!ebec /rans(H!dson Hrogen, Manitoba -bitibi, I!ebec /rans(H!dson Hrogen, Manitoba ,entral Volcanic .elt, C"ld. -bitibi, I!ebec /rans(H!dson Hrogen, Manitoba $tikine, ..,. /rans(H!dson Hrogen, Manitoba

23 8.66 -rc)ean 22 4.?2 De onian 49 3.9 -rc)ean 1? 4.?4 Paleo&rotero;oic ?2 ?.8 -rc)ean

46 4.32 Paleo&rotero;oic 5? 81 3.8 44 3 Hrdo ician 3.8 -rc)ean 3.8 Paleo&rotero;oic

?.2 ?1.55 3.?2 3.11 8.?1 9.16 2.8 ?.8?

4.4 998 46.8 J!rassic 9 4.35 Paleo&rotero;oic

S In &re(&rod!ction "or 4336J ?Incl!des &rod!ction and estimated reser es ')ere a&&licable. From Hannington et al., ?999. $a#le -6 &'amples of 7arge-$onnage VMS Deposits of t!e ;orld (Canadian deposits in red)6 Deposit 7ocation Mt Cu t6H Dn t6H P# Ag Au g%t Age t6H g%t

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Giant Deposits (I+33 Mt) Mindy ,raggy Ce es ,or o -l*!strel Kio /into #massi e% Ba +ar;a Horne #Co. 2 +one% Lidd ,reek .r!ns'ick Co. ?4 /)arsis Mt. Byell K!ttan -;nacollar Bos Frailes Masa Valerde ,aribo! Flin Flon ,randon 0eco $otiel BaKonde Mats!mine($)akanai Horne Mine Mt. Morgan Bo!sal .ritannia Migollas Preiska Corita - oca -g!as /enidas .a'd'in Py)asalmi Gnited Verde Madenkoy .ritis) ,ol!mbia 495.8 ?.18 Port!gal Port!gal $&ain $&ain I!ebec Hntario Ce' .r!ns'ick $&ain /asmania Manitoba $&ain $&ain $&ain Ce' .r!ns'ick Manitoba Misconsin Hntario $&ain I!ebec Ja&an I!ebec I!eensland Port!gal .ritis) ,ol!mbia $&ain $o!t) -"rica I!ebec Ireland $&ain .!rma Finland G$/!rkey 453 423 423 ?68 ?23 ?.6 3.8 ? 3.5 3.? ?.8 1 4 ?.2 3.5 8 3.1 13 ? 18 ? 13 3.2 48 3.4 /riassic ,arboni"ero!s 3.8 ,arboni"ero!s 3.44 ,arboni"ero!s ? ,arboni"ero!s 3.1 -rc)ean 3.32 -rc)ean 3.4 Hrdo ician 3.5 ,arboni"ero!s 3.8? ,ambrian 3.2 Paleo&rotero;oic 3.2 ,arboni"ero!s ,arboni"ero!s 3.8 ,arboni"ero!s Hrdo ician 84 4.68 Paleo&rotero;oic 3.2 ?.9 15 23 ? Paleo&rotero;oic -rc)ean ,arboni"ero!s 23 8.66 -rc)ean 3.64 Miocene 6.? -rc)ean 8.5 De onian ,arboni"ero!s 5 ?.1 43 19 8? 3.69 J!rassic ,arboni"ero!s 3 Protero;oic 3.6 -rc)ean 4.6 -rc)ean Hrdo ician ,arboni"ero!s ?1 9.39 414 3.36 Hrdo ician 2.2 3.4 8.1 3.8 2? 23 3.34 De onian 3.4 Protero;oic ?.15 Protero;oic ,retaceo!s 8 8.8 1.9 ?1 3.? 3.32 6 ?.8 3.8

?89.1 4.89 6.16 3.46 94 ?15.1 3.11 9.26 1.26 ?33 ??3 3.2 4.5 3.6 44 ?36.8 ?.?9 3.38 3.3? 5 84.8 ?.15 ?.61 3.38 ?1 58 3.89 4.?8 ?.38 88 53 3.18 1.94 4.42 61 53 53 6? 29 3.2 3.2 ?.? 3.6 ?.1 8.1 2.6 8.9 3.6 18 ?.6

Very 7arge Deposits (/3-+33 Mt)

64.2 4.?5 8.?1 28.8 ?.86 1.82 3.?2 22 3.11 4.?? 28 23 23 88.8 4.4 3.5 3.5

28.4 4.?9 4.61 3.56 68

7arge Deposits (,/-/3 Mt)

?.9 3.62

85.6 3.81 4.41 85.4 3.98 ?.98 88 ?.32 ?.98 15.6 4.?5 8.?1 15 12 18.? 3.88 14.9 13 13 3.5

$elbaie #all orebodies% I!ebec

-rctic #.rooks Kange% -laska

1?.? 3.52 4.81 3.36 ?5

23
.ess)i H!tok!m&! Hitac)i .!ttle Bake M!rg!l $c!ddles ,ayeli Mattagami Bake 0rand!c Bokken
?

Ja&an Finland Ja&an .ritis) ,ol!mbia /!rkey M. -!stralia /!rkey I!ebec .ritis) ,ol!mbia Cor'ay

49.9 48 45.4 46.1 46.? 46

4.6 1.8 ?.8

3.1 3.6

4? 2 3

3.5 J!rassic 3.38 Protero;oic 3.2 ,retaceo!s 4.?2 De onian J!rassic 3.9 -rc)ean ,retaceo!s 3.1 -rc)ean 3.?5 J!rassic 3.49 Hrdo ician

? 3.3? 9

?.9 2.91 3.22 22 ?.4 8.5 6.9 5.1 2.? ?.9 44 3.? ?9 3.? 3.34 ?? 3.2 29

46.4 4.31

42.6 3.84 42.? ?.59 42 4.?

Incl!des &rod!ction and estimated reser es ')ere a&&licable. From Hannington et al., ?999.

$igures [Click on an image thumbnail to view a larger image, notice] Figure +" $c)ematic o" t)e modern /-0 s!l&)ide de&osit on t)e Mid(-tlantic Kidge re&resents a classic cross(section o" a VM$ de&osit, 'it) a concordant semi(massi e to massi e s!l&)ide lens !nderlain by a discordant stock'ork ein system and associated alteration )alo, or <&i&e<. From Hannington et al #?996%. Figure ," .ase metal classi"ication o" 'orld'ide and ,anadian VM$ de&osits as de"ined "irst by Franklin et al. #?98?% and modi"ied by Barge #?994% to incl!de t)e +n(Pb(,! class. /)e &re&onderance o" ,!(+n and +n(,! VM$ de&osits in ,anada is d!e to t)e ab!ndance o" Precambrian &rimiti e oceanic arc settings. Morld'ide t)ere is a larger &ro&ortion o" "elsic()osted, more Pb(ric) continental and continent margin arc settings.

Figure -" ,lassi"ication o" VM$ de&osits based on t)eir relati e &ro&ortions o" ,!E+nEPb ers!s &recio!s metals #-!, -g%. $ome o" ,anada7s better kno'n a!ri"ero!s de&osits #!nderlined% are com&ared to international e:am&les. Des&ite )a ing &rod!ced ?53 t o" -!, t)e Flin Flon de&osit is not considered an a!ri"ero!s VM$ de&osit !nder t)is classi"ication. Modi"ied "rom Hannington et al. #?999c%.

24
Figure ." 0ra&)ic re&resentation o" t)e lit)ological classi"ication "or VM$ de&osits by .arrie and Hannington #?999%, 'it) <)ig) s!l"idation< ty&e an added s!bty&e to t)e bimodal("elsic gro!&. - erage and median si;es "or eac) ty&e "or all ,anadian de&osits, along 'it) a erage grade.

Figure /" Distrib!tion o" ancient and modern VM$ de&osits, 'it) ma*or districts )ig)lig)ted 'it) res&ect to kno'n aggregate geological reser es. From 0$, Morld Minerals Pro*ect.

Figure 0" Distrib!tion o" VM$ de&osits in ,anada by geologic &ro ince. C!mbers corres&ond to de&osits listed in t)e national VM$ database #-&&endi: ?%.

Figure 1" Histogram o" t)e total tonnage o" base metals "rom kno'n VM$ de&osits &er &ro ince, and t)e n!mber o" de&osits t)e aggregate tonnage 'as calc!lated "rom. /otal metals re&resent geological reser es. Figure 2" Morld'ide si;e distrib!tion "or VM$ de&osits, 'it) de&osits o er 23 Mt considered <giant<, and t)ose o er ?23 Mt considered <s!&ergiant<. -tlantis Dee& is considered t)e largest modern e:am&le o" a sea"loor massi e s!l&)ide de&osit, 'it) Ce es ,or o and Mindy ,raggy ancient e:am&les o" s!&ergiant de&osits. Modi"ied "rom Hannington et al #?992%. Figure 4" $tatistics "or VM$ de&osits gro!&ed by lit)ologic class #.arrie and Hannington, ?999%F a. 'orld'ide de&ositsJ b. ,anadian de&osits gro!&ed by lit)ologic class

25
Figure +3" Distrib!tion o" ,anadian VM$ de&osits 'it) res&ect to a. aggregate base metal grade ers!s tonnes and b. contained -! ers!s long tonnes J most a!ri"ero!s -! de&osits contain @ 8 gNt -! #green diamonds%. /)ose containing o er ?333 tonnes o" -! #yello' diamonds% incl!de bot) a!ri"ero!s VM$ de&osits and t)ose 'it) moderate -! grades b!t large tonnages. 0iant and s!&ergiant VM$ de&osits are identi"ied by name. From 0$, ,anadian VM$ database.

Figure ++" /)ere are t)ree &rinci&al tectonic en ironments in ')ic) VM$ de&osits "orm, eac) re&resenting a stage in t)e "ormation o" t)e eart)7s cr!st. /HPF =arly eart) e ol!tion 'as dominated by mantle &l!me acti ity d!ring ')ic) n!mero!s inci&ient ri"t e ents "ormed basins c)aracteri;ed by early ocean cr!st in t)e "orm o" &rimiti e basalts andNor komatiites, "ollo'ed by siliciclastic in"ill and associated Fe( "ormation and ma"ic(!ltrama"ic sills. In t)e P)anero;oic similar ty&es o" inci&ient ri"ts "ormed d!ring trans&ressional, &ost accretion arc ri"ting #Mindy ,raggy%. MIDDB=F /)e "ormation o" tr!e ocean basins 'as associated 'it) t)e de elo&ment o" ocean s&reading centers along ')ic) ma"ic(dominated VM$ de&osits "ormed. /)e de elo&ment o" s!bd!ction ;ones res!lted in oceanic arc "ormation 'it) associated e:tensional domains in ')ic) bimodal(ma"ic, bimodal("elsic and ma"ic( dominated VM$ de&osits "ormed. .H//HMF /)e "ormation o" mat!re arc and ocean(continent s!bd!ction "ronts res!lted in s!ccessor arc and continental olcanic arc assemblages t)at )ost most o" t)e "elsic( dominated and bimodal siliciclastic de&osits. Figure +," - same(scale com&arison o" selected VM$ districts. - 2 km diameter circle aro!nd eac) de&osit s)o's t)e )y&ot)etical area o" in"l!ence o" &ro:imal(scale alteration abo!t eac) de&osit, all encircled by a das)ed line de"ining t)e &ro&osed e:tent o" a regional(scale alteration system "or eac) cam& based on t)e &resence o" kno'n "elsic olcanic "ormations. In e""ect, t)e Coranda e:am&le corres&onds closely to t)e obser ed alteration. Modi"ied "rom $angster #?983%.

26
Figure +-" VM$ en ironments are c)aracteri;ed by tectonic e:tension at ario!s scales. =:tension res!lts in cr!stal t)inning, mantle de&ress!ri;ation and t)e generation o" basaltic melts. De&ending on cr!stal t)ickness and density, t)ese ma"ic melts may &ond at t)e base o" t)e cr!st, res!lting in &artial melting and generation o" granitoid melts. /)ese an)ydro!s, )ig) tem&erat!re melts may A!ickly rise to a s!b(sea"loor en ironment #R1 km belo' sea"loor%, ')ere t)eir )eat may initiate and s!stain con ecti e )ydrot)ermal cells ')ic) "orm VM$ de&osits.

Figure +." /)e de elo&ment and mat!ration o" a generic s!b(sea"loor )ydrot)ermal system in ol es t)ree stagesF ?. Kelati ely dee& em&lacement o" a s!b olcanic intr!sion belo' a ri"tNcaldera and establis)ment o" a s)allo' circ!lating, lo' tem&erat!re sea'ater con ection system. /)is res!lts in s)allo' s!b(sea"loor alteration and associated "ormation o" c)emical sedimentation. 4. Hig)er le el intr!sion o" s!b olcanic magmas and res!ltant generation o" a dee&(seated s!b(sea"loor sea'ater con ection system in ')ic) net gains and losses o" elements are dictated by s!b()ori;ontal isot)erms. 1. De elo&ment o" a mat!re, large(scale )ydrot)ermal system in ')ic) s!b)ori;ontal isot)erms control t)e "ormation o" semi( con"ormable )ydrot)ermal alteration assemblages. /)e )ig) tem&erat!re reaction ;one ne:t to t)e cooling intr!sion is &eriodically breac)ed d!e to seismic acti ity or dike em&lacement allo'ing "oc!sed !&"lo' o" metal(ric) "l!ids to t)e sea"loor and "ormation o" VM$ de&osits. From 0alley #?991% Figure +/" ,om&arison o" regional greensc)ist "acies )ydrot)ermal alteration in t)e Coranda Volcanic ,om&le: 'it) &re io!sly ma&&ed metamor&)ic isograds #solid linesF "rom Dimrot) et al. ?981J Po'ell et al., ?991%. /)e distrib!tion o" greensc)ist "acies )ydrot)ermal alteration #s)aded% s!ggests t)at inter&reted metamor&)ic ;onation is at least &artly a &rod!ct o" early syn olcanic )ydrot)ermal &rocesses. Cote t)at e&idote and c)lorite in t)e &re(ca!ldron seA!ence are distinct "rom t)ose o" t)e Mine $eA!ence olcanic rocks, e en t)o!g) t)ey are 'ell 'it)in t)e e&idote(actinolite s!b"acies and )a e been metamor&)osed at t)e same &ress!re and tem&erat!re. Modi"ied "rom Hannington et al. #4331%.

27
Figure +0" -. Hig) tem&erat!re )ydrot)ermal alteration o" ma"ic olcaniclastic t!rbidite o erlain by a strongly silici"ied ma"ic debris "lo' ?433m belo' t)e ,)isel(Bost(0)ost VM$ )ori;on, $no' Bake. /)is re&resents a regional(scale reaction ;one o erlain by )ig) tem&erat!re ;one o" silica d!m&ing J .. $trongly silici"ied &illo's 'it) &i&e esicles in"illed 'it) actinolite, e&idote and magnetite, and inter&illo' )yaloclastite com&leting re&laced by t)e same assemblage. /)is alteration "acies directly o erlies t)e s!b olcanic Moos)la intr!sion, .o!sA!et VM$ cam&J ,. -n e:am&le o" e&idosite ty&ical o" t)e root ;ones o" VM$ )ydrot)ermal !&"lo' ;ones in ')ic) )ig) "l!idNrock ratios )as res!lted in leac)ing o" lit)o&)ile, c)alco&)ile and BF$= "rom t)e strata #J. Bydon%J D. $trongly Mg(altered &illo's metamor&)osed to c.g. ant)o&)yllite(cordierite in t)e "oot'all strata to t)e Minston Bake +n(,! de&osit, /errace .ay HCJ =. $ilici"ied basaltic andesite o" t)e G&&er -m!let "m., Coranda, as an e:am&le o" &er asi e silica d!m&ing t)at occ!rs in ma"ic "lo's directly !nderlying t!""aceo!s e:)alite !nits in many Precambrian VM$ cam&sJ F. Mine ,ontact /!"" e:)alite )ori;on #bet'een ')ite lines% t)at o er(lies t)e silici"ied andesites o" t)e Maite "m., CorandaJ 0. .anded magnetite(c)ert Fe("ormation o er(lying t)e -!stin .rook massi e s!l&)ide de&osit, .at)!rst cam& #J. Peter%J H. ,)loritoid(ric) ;one belo' t)e Matabi de&osit, $t!rgeon Bake, ')ere Fe(ric) )ydrot)ermal "l!ids crossed a &re io!sly("ormed carbonate(ric) regional alteration ;one

Figure +1" =:am&les o" cl!sters o" VM$ de&osits de"ining a mining cam&. /)ese incl!deF -. t)e -rc)ean Coranda cam&, 'it) ?8 bimodal(ma"ic ty&e de&osits !nderlain by t)e Fla rian(Po'ell s!b olcanic intr!sion #$antag!ida, ?998%J .. t)e Hrdo ician .at)!rst cam& 'it) 12 de&osits dominated by t)e bimodal(siliciclastic de&osit ty&e #modi"ied "rom an $taal, 4331%J ,. t)e Paleo&rotero;oic $no' Bake cam& 'it) t'o s!b olcanic intr!sions #$neat) Bake and Kic)ard Bake% in ol ed in t'o se&arate )ydrot)ermal e ents t)at "ormed 8 bimodal(ma"ic de&osits #modi"ied "rom .ailes and 0alley, ?999%J and D. t)e Paleo&rotero;oic Flin Flin district 'it) ?5 VM$ de&osits )osted 'it)in a series o" block(bo!nded terranes re&resenting di""erent stages o" oceanic arc de elo&ment. For t)is reason t)e district contains a 'ide ariety o" VM$ ty&es #$yme and .ailes, ?991J 0alley and Jonasson, 4331%

28
Figure +2" -. =:am&le o" a ;oned s!l&)ide c)imney "rom t)e =ndea o!r Kidge ent "ield #I.K. Jonasson%J .. /y&ical te:t!res "rom a massi e s!l&)ide mo!nd, Main ent "ield, J!an de F!ca Kidge. .anding "rom incremental c)imney gro't), 'it) o oids re&resenting 'orm casts. Fragment cemented by later s!l&)ide gro't) d!ring mo!nd colla&se and s!bseA!ent in asion by )ydrot)ermal "l!id #-.0. 0alley%J ,. $andy s!l&)ide ore "rom ,retaceo!s -ar*a de&osit, $email o&)iolite, Hman. /y&ical te:t!re d!e to re&eated mo!nd colla&se d!e to an)ydrite dissol!tion and re(cementing 'it) later s!l&)ide #I.K. Jonasson%J D. Partial re&lacement o" "inely bedded t!"" by massi e &yrr)otite( c)alco&yrite at t)e -nsil de&osit, Coranda #-.0. 0alley%J =. K)yolite clasts cemented by &yrite(s&)alerite ric) s!l&)ide gro!ndmass, Bo! ico!rt de&osit, Val d7Hr #-.0. 0alley%J F. Pyrite(s&)alerite clast as &art o" a &ro:imal debris "lo', Bo! ico!rt, Val d7Hr #-.0. 0alley%J 0. ,ranston t!"" !nit 'it) lit(&ar(lit re&lacement and in("illing by "irst &yrite(s&)alerite, "ollo'ed by &yrr)otite(c)alco&yrite, -nsil de&osit, Coranda #-.0. 0alley%J H. Mell(de elo&ed &yrr)otite(c)alco&yrite ein stock'ork ;one 'it) intense c)lorite alteration o" t)e r)yolite 'allrocks, -nsil de&osit, Coranda #-.0. 0alley%. In("illing o" r)yolite )yaloclastite in immediate "oot'all to t)e -nsil massi e s!l&)ide lens, Coranda #-.0. 0alley%

Figure +4" /)e mineral ;onation commonly obser ed 'it)in VM$ de&osits is largely a "!nction o" )ydrot)ermal "l!id tem&erat!re and com&osition. /em&erat!re ;onation res!lts in t)e ;oning o" s!l&)ide minerals 'it)in bot) t)e discordant stock'ork ;one and t)e con"ormable s!l&)ide mo!nd. From Bydon #?988%. Figure ,3" - com&osite section t)ro!g) a VM$ alteration system in t)e .at)!rst mining cam& as an e:am&le o" a VM$ &ro:imal alteration ;one metamor&)osed to greensc)ist grade mineral assemblages. From 0ood"ello' et al. #4331%.

Figure ,+" - styli;ed cross section t)ro!g) t)e &ro:imal alteration ;one at t)e ,)isel de&osit, $no' Bake mining cam&, ill!strating t)e c)anges in mineral assemblages t)at occ!r ')en t)e terrane !ndergoes lo'er to middle am&)ibolite grade regional metamor&)ism. From 0alley et al. #?991%.

Appendices Appendi' + Canadian VMS J7S Version [>B$, ?98.3 kb], CSV Version [,$V, 96.5 kb]

29
Appendi' + Canadian VMS G e ol o gi c al S u # p r o vi n c e

D e p o si t K: D

D e p o si t > a m e

Al te rn at eK > a m es

D i s tr i c t K : D

Di st ri ct

7 a ti t u d e 6 4 . 4 ? 1 8 8 9

7 o n g it u d e

* ef er e n c e K: D

P r o vi n c e

G e ol o gi ca l Pr o vi n ce

A g e K & r a P al e o ; oi c

A g eK P er io d = arl y , a m bri an

A g e K P l o t

) o st S K u G # r t o y u $y p p pe e

C o m m o di ti e s

A g ( g C D P %t un#o n ( ( ( n HHHe ) ) ) )

A u ( g %t o n n e )

Pr od uc AA tio g u nL ( ( *e g g se C D P %t %t rv u n # o o es n n $o ( ( ( n n nn HHHe e es ) ) ) ) )

G e ol o gi c al $ o n n e s

7 a t K d e g

77 a a t t K K ms i e nc

7 o n g K d e g

7 7 o o n n g g K K ms i e n c

n $ $ a 'i 'i m m Ba Ba ke ke

( n P , ? a ! or 1 k dil 1. o ler 3 n a 1 / 3 er 2 rit 2 or 6 y

bim odal ( silici clast ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 1 2 3 8, . . . 3 . 1 358 3 3 333 8, 4 2 3

8 H H ? ? ar art 8 6 t Ki 5 Ki e er r

H ar t Ki e r

6 8 . 6 1 6 ? ? ?

( 8 P , F MM ? ? ! or or id es 1 6 k dil el dl o& 6. o ler a e ro 8 n a n P te ? / d ro ro 6 er . te ;o 6 rit el ro ic 6 or t ; 5 y oi c #? 6 3 3( 9 3 3 M a%

0 ill e s &i e B a k e 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 1 3 2 ? ?, 6 1 ? ? 8 3 . . . 3 . 3 8 8 3 1 9 869 8 6 6 233 8, 3 3 3

8 M M ? M 6 ( 8 P , H P , ? ar ar 8 ar 8 ? ? ! or m al ar 5 g g 8 g . 1 5 k dil in e bo 3 8. o ler e o ni" ? 8 n a c ; er ? 5 / a oi o! ? 4 er . c s ? 4 rit el ? 4 or t 4 y

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 2 4 2 ? ?, 6 3 8 ? 4 4 . . . 1 . 9 8 3 1 8 3 9?5 3 4 8 694 4, 3 3 3

30
n Ic Ic ? Fi 6 ( a e e 9 nl ? ? Pr Pr 8 ay . 1 o& o& ss 8 ?. er ert o 6 1 ty y n 6 2 B 6 3 ak 6 3 e 5 3 3 8 L L ? 2 !d !d 9 ? ; ; 8 + +e e L L ay ay a) a) , . M 8 M M ? 2 ol ol 9 3 e e 8 rin rin e e Fi nl ay ss o n B ak e 6 ? . 8 6 6 6 6 5 ? ? 8 4 P ! k o n / er rit or y , or dil ler a H m in e c a . el t P al e o ; oi c D e on ia n bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 3 3 3 8, 6 2 3 ? 4 3 . . . . 6 ? 4 1 ? 833 3 3 ? 833 3, 3 3 3

( 8 P , H P D ? 2 ! or m al e 1 ? k dil in e on 3. o ler e o ia 2 n a c ; n( 8 / a oi , 1 er . c ar 1 rit el bo 1 or t ni" 1 y er o! s ( 8 P , H P D ? 2 ! or m al e 1 3 k dil in e on 3. o ler e o ia ? n a c ; n( 4 / a oi , 8 er . c ar 8 rit el bo 8 or t ni" 8 y er o! s ( ? . , In M ? 5 rit or s e 1 6 is dil !l s 5. ) ler ar o 5 , a . ; 6 ol el oi 6 ! t c 6 m 6 bi 5 a /r ia ss ic / at s 0 ro ! &

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 ?? ? ? 6 4 3 ? 1 3 . . . 1 . ?, ? 8 1 2 9 9 21 1 1 3 333 3 3, 3 3 3

Fi nl ay ss o n B ak e

6 ? . 8 1 3 3 3 3

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? ? 1 ? 1, 6 4 8 ? 5 4 . 4. 2 . 3 ? 2 8 1 8 4 . 83 9 3 3 591 3, 9 3 3 3

? M Mi 9 5 in nd 1 6 dy y ,r ,r ag ag gy gy

M in dy ,r a g gy

2 9 . 5 6 6 6 6 5

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

ma g, "i c !, ( , si o, li , ci ! cl a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 38 3 4 2 8 3 ? 8 . . . . 9 9 6 1 6 1 3 3 4 5, 5 833 3 3 3, 3 3 3

? / /! 9 / 2 ( ? . , In P 5 !l ls 8 !l 8 ? 5 rit or te al 5 se eA se . 1 5 is dil r e A! !a A 5 1. ) ler m o a) ) ! 1 2 , a o ; , , a 8 8 ol nt oi )i )i ) 1 1 ! a c e" e" 1 1 m n 1 1 bi e 1 a . el

P er mi an

$t iki n e s s e m bl a

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

? 5 ? ? 1 64 ? 6 ? ? 4 9, 2 8 ? ? 1 3 . . . 4 . 4,? . . . 3 . ? 8 8 8 1 2 2 3 2 5 8 16 8 8 4 2 6 4 1 938 953 4, 5 4 8

31
t ? .i .i 9 / 2 ( ? . , In P 5 g g 8 !l 8 ? 5 rit or te al 8 . . se . 1 8 is dil r e !ll !ll A 6 1. ) ler m o ! 6 2 , a o ; a 6 6 ol nt oi ) ? 4 ! a c ? 2 m n ? 3 bi e 3 a . el t n =r =r 9 / 2 ( a ik ik 8 !l 8 ? so so se . 1 n( n( A 6 1. - -s ! 6 2 s) )b a 6 3 by y ) 6 3 6 3 5 3 3 ? ? 1 1 . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a M e s o ; oi c P er mi an g e $t iki n e s s e m bl a g e $t iki n e s s e m bl a g e H a ; el to n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n ? 5 ? ? 2 14 ? 5 ? ? 8 1 2 1 2 ? 1 8 . . . 2 . 6,6 . . . 2 . 8 8 9 8 1 1 2 4 1 9 8 ? 28 ? 3 8 8 9 8, 1 333 928 ? 9 8

Ba te ,r et ac eo !s

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 1 44 ? 9 2 8 3 ? 1 3 . . . ? . 3 8 3 1 3 3 8 1 2 5 5, 1 333 ? 9 3

? = =s 9 = 2 ( ? . , In M 8 sk ka 8 sk 6 ? 8 rit or te e ? ay y ay . 1 ? is dil r s ,r ,r ,r 6 3. ) ler m o ee ee e ? 8 , a o ; k k ek 6 6 ol nt oi 6 2 ! a c 6 4 m n 5 5 bi e 8 a . el t ? 0r Be 9 0 2 ( ? . , , M 8 an d! 5 ra 6 ? 8 rit or o e 3 d! c, n . 1 3 is dil a s c = d 4 3. ) ler st o dn !c ? 1 , a . ; a 2 8 ol el oi M 3 1 ! t c ay 3 3 m 3 2 bi 6 a

J! ra ss ic

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3? . . . 1 1 8 31 1 1 35

1 4 . 2

4, 2 1 3 ? 4 2 8 6 5 1 5 2 9 3 3, 3 3 3

/r ia ss ic

$t ! )i ni 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

ma g, "i c !, ( , si ! li ci cl a st ic m, a !, "i + c n (

? 3 3 8 3 ?2, . . . . 43 1 3 3 ? 3,3 333 33

? 3 32 3 4 2 ? 2 ? 4 1 . . . . 2, 6 4 8 1 3 2 833 ? ? 3 933 3 3, 3 3 3

? = = 9 - 2 ( ? . , , M 8 de de 9 ny 2 ? 8 rit or o e 2 n n, o: . 4 2 is dil a s $ 8 9. ) ler st o a: 4 8 , a . ;

/r ia ss ic

L ar m !t s

Vo lca no se di

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 33 3 ? 2 4 4 ? 2 2 . . . . 2 2 2 1 4 1 1 9 3 3 8, 9 333 5 2

32
1 3 2 6 8 8 5 4 4 ol ! m bi a el oi t c e m si n en li tar ci y cl a st ic /r ia ss ic L ar m !t s e n Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " F el e si c bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c ma g, "i c !, ( , si ! li ci cl a bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 5

? D D 9 - 2 ( ? . , , M 8 o! o! 9 ny 2 ? 8 rit or o e 8 bl bl o: . 4 8 is dil a s e e 8 9. ) ler st o = = ? 8 , a . ; d d ? 5 ol el oi 9 3 ! t c 8 4 m 8 5 bi 8 a ? K K 9 - 2 ( n . , , M 8 ed ed 9 ny 2 ? a rit or o e 6 'i 'i o: . 4 is dil a s ng ng 1 9. ) ler st o 5 8 , a . ; 8 6 ol el oi 3 9 ! t c 2 8 m 6 8 bi 8 a

? 3 3 3 3 ?, 2 4 8 ? 2 ? . . . . 9 2 8 1 4 4 1 163 3 5 9 333 1, ? 4 5

/r ia ss ic

L ar m !t s e n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 4 38 ? ? 2 4 8 ? 2 ? . . . 6 . 6 2 4 ? 4 4 3 3 5 3 4 8, 9 333 2 8 8

? . . 9 - 2 ( ? . , , M= 8 on on 9 ny 2 ? 8 rit or o e arl 1 an an o: . 4 1 is dil a s y( ;a ;a 1 9. ) ler st o Mi 9 8 , a . ; dd 1 1 ol el oi le 6 1 ! t c J! ? 1 m ra ? 1 bi ss 1 a ic ? Hi Hi 9 - 2 ( ? . , , M 8 dd dd 9 ny 2 ? 8 rit or o e 4 en en o: . 4 4 is dil a s ,r ,r 8 9. ) ler st o ee ee 4 8 , a . ; k k, 5 ? ol el oi 5 9 ! t c ny 5 ? m o: 8 6 bi 5 a n 0 0 a eo eo rg rg e e , , o& o& &e &e r r 2 6 . ? 3 1 6 ? ? ( ? 4 9. 5 2 2 2 2 6 ? ? 2 1 . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a M e s o ; oi c /r ia ss ic

L ar m !t s e n

4 3 3 ? 3 62 4 3 3 ? 3 6 2 4 1 ? 2 4 . . . 1 . 6,9 . . . 1 . 6 2 1 5 4 3 9 4 3 3 ? 58 ? 3 3 ? 5, 9 333 933 2 9 8

L ar m !t s e n

? 3 3 9 3 4?, . . . . 68 2 3 3 4 ?,8 333 33

? 3 38 3 8 2 4 8 ? 8 9 . . . . 2, 2 2 3 4 9 433 ? 9 9 833 3 ?, 1 5 3

J! ra ss ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 3? 4 2 2 6 ? ? 8 4 . . . 5 . 2 6 1 4 2 3 3 3 3 ? 1, 9 333 3 3 3

33
st ic n -li -li a ce ce -r -r m m $il e r, D oll y V ar de n, M ol" , C ort ) $t ar, /o ric 4 = =c ? 3 cs st 3 ? tal all 5 l , =c st all Ki e r = cs tal l 2 2 . 5 1 1 1 1 1 ( ? 4 9. 2 2 3 3 3 3 ? 2 8 6 . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a /r M a e c s y o / ; er oi ra c n e T = arl y J! ra ss ic bi + m n, o d g, al P ( b m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 3 3 1 3 4, 2 8 3 ? 1 3 . . . 9 . 9 2 8 4 1 3 8 23 3 ? 9 341 3, 3 3 3

2 1 . 8 5 2 3 3 3

( 4 . , , P ? 3 rit or o al 4 ? is dil a e 9. ) ler st o 2 , a . ; ? ol el oi ? ! t c ? m ? bi ? a

P er mi an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Li n g $ al m o n s s e m bl a g e Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 4 3 6, 2 2 1 ? 1 8 . . . 3 . 1 1 4 3 4 3 3 623 2 8 9 333 9, 5 3 3

? L L 9 L 2 ( ? . , In M 5 !t !t 2 !t 8 ? 5 rit or te e 9 c) c) c) . 4 9 is dil r s o o o 4 8. ) ler m o ,r ,r ,r 3 1 , a o ; ee ee e ? 2 ol nt oi k k ek 1 6 ! a c 8 9 m n 9 8 bi e 8 a . el t

/r ia ss ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 4 31 3 ? 2 ? 2 ? 4 4 . . . 2 . 8, 8 4 4 ? 2 523 8 1 8 683 3 3, 3 3 3

n D D a !t !t )i )i e e

2 8 . 5

( ? 4 5.

? ? 4 ?

. rit is )

, or dil ler

M e s o

J! ra ss ic

bi m g, o d !,

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 4? ? ? 2 8 4 ? 4 4 . . . 3 . ? 8 6 1 4 ? 3 8 2 8 5 1 8, 5 383 3

34
5 1 3 2 6 1 2 2 2 2 6 ? 3 5 4 , a ol ! m bi a . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a In s !l ar . el t ; oi c al ( " el si c D e on ia n $i c k er 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y , !, P b, + n 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 3

n . . ? . 8 ( a !tt !tt 3 !t 9 ? le le 6 tle . 4 Ba Ba B 2 2. ke ke ak 8 2 D D e 3 6 e& e& ( 2 6 os os M 2 1 its its yr 6 9 a 3 F all s ? 0 0 ? 9 a& a& 3 9 ( ( 6 . . att att le( le( = =: :t te en ns si io on n . !t tle B ak e ( M yr a F all s . !t tle B ak e ( M yr a F all s 8 9 . 2 6 6 6 6 5

P al e o ; oi c

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

? 6 38 4 4 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . . . 9 . 9, 9 4 6 4 1 9 842 3 1 2 122 4 3, 3 3 3

( n . , In P ? a rit or s al 4 is dil !l e 2. ) ler ar o 6 , a . ; 3 ol el oi 3 ! t c 3 m 3 bi 3 a

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? 3 2 ? 8, 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . 4. 1 . 8 9 8 6 4 6 9 8. 6 2 ? 2 ?3? 8, 9 3 3 3

4 /r /r ? 3 ! ! 3 3 m m 6 &e &e te ter r

8 9 . 2 6 6 6 6 5

( n . , In P ? a rit or s al 4 is dil !l e 2. ) ler ar o 6 , a . ; 3 ol el oi 3 ! t c 3 m 3 bi 3 a

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

6 8 36 1 ? 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . . . 9 . 4 9 8 6 4 6 9 1 6 1 4 4, 2 333 3 3 3

? By By ? . 8 ( ? . , In P 9 n: n: 3 !t 9 ? 9 rit or s al 2 6 tle . 4 2 is dil !l e B 2 2. ) ler ar o ak 6 6 , a . ; e 6 3 ol el oi ( 6 3 ! t c M 6 3 m yr 5 3 bi a 3 a F all

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

? 5 ? 9 4 2,1 ? 5 ? 9 4 6, 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . . . 3 . 33, . . . 3 . 4 9 8 6 4 6 9 6 2 3 2 33 2 8 3 2 8 2 333 3 621 1, 1 3 3

35
s ? M M ? . 8 ( ? . , In P 9 yr yr 3 !t 9 ? 9 rit or s al 6 a a 6 tle . 4 6 is dil !l e B 2 2. ) ler ar o ak 6 6 , a . ; e 6 3 ol el oi ( 6 3 ! t c M 6 3 m yr 5 3 bi a 3 a F all s ? Pr Pr ? . 8 ( ? . , In P 9 ic ic 3 !t 9 ? 9 rit or s al 5 e e 6 tle . 4 5 is dil !l e B 2 2. ) ler ar o ak 6 6 , a . ; e 6 3 ol el oi ( 6 3 ! t c M 6 3 m yr 5 3 bi a 3 a F all s ? H( H( ? . 8 ( ? . , In P 9 M M 3 !t 9 ? 9 rit or s al 8 6 tle . 4 8 is dil !l e B 2 2. ) ler ar o ak 6 6 , a . ; e 6 3 ol el oi ( 6 3 ! t c M 6 3 m yr 5 3 bi a 3 a F all s n $ $ a !n !n ro ro, , Jo Jo rd rd an an Ki Ki e er r Mi Mi ne ne 8 8 . 8 2 3 3 3 3 ( ? 4 8. 3 ? 6 6 6 5 ? 8 3 2 . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a P al e o ; oi c D e on ia n $i c k er 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n ? 9 ? ? 1 ?,3 ? 9 ? ? 1 ?, 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . . . 6 . 33, . . . 6 . 3 9 8 6 4 6 9 3 2 2 3 3 33 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 333 3 333 3, 3 3 3

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? ?6 ? ? 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . 3. 6 . 8 9 8 6 4 6 9 8 . 1 2 2, 2 383 3 3 3 3

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

? 8 3 1 ? ?1, . . . ? . 53 8 3 1 9 3,3 542 33

? 8 31 ? ? 8 1 4 ? 1 2 . . . 4 . 8, 9 8 6 4 6 9 8?1 9 8 2 8?2 2 3, 3 3 3

bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 3 ? 3 4, 8 4 3 ? ? 3 . . . . 3 8 5 4 833 ? 1 8 533 4, 2 8 5

? Ba Ba ? / 8 ( ? . , In P 9 ra ra 3 'i 8 ? 9 rit or s al 4 1 n . 4 4 is dil !l e J 8 1. ) ler ar o ( 8 9 , a . ;

D e on ia n

$i c k er 0

Vo lca no se di

bi m g, o d !, al ,

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 2 ?? 8 2 8 2 2 ? 2 ? . . . 3 . 4 8 4 8 4 8 1 3 8 4 3 5 8, 1 ?54 8 1

36
B 4 3 ar 5 1 a 5 6 8 ? ? ? / / ? 9 'i 'i 3 ? n n 1 J J, /y ee , Be no ra, Ki c) ar d III ? .r .r ? 9 ita ita 3 1 nn nn 8 ia ia / 'i n J ( B ar a 8 8 . 8 6 8 1 1 1 ol ! m bi a el oi t c ro m ( !, ! en " P & tar el b, y si + c n D e on ia n $i c k er 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n 9

( ? . , In P ? 9 rit or s al 4 ? is dil !l e 1. ) ler ar o 5 , a . ; 8 ol el oi 3 ! t c 3 m 3 bi 3 a

1 3 3 9 8 45 4 1 3 ? 8 2 8 2 6 ? 8 8 . . . 3 . 5,8 . . . ? . 9 8 4 4 6 8 4 6 3 4 ?3 1 8 1 5 4 8, 1 296 585 9 1 3

.r ita n ni a

8 9 . 6 ? 3 3 3 3 2 3 . 3 8 1 1 1 1 2 3 . ? 1 1 1 1 1

( ? . , , M ? 9 rit or o e 4 1 is dil a s 1. ) ler st o ? , a . ; 8 ol el oi ? ! t c 6 m 6 bi 5 a ( ? 4 1. ? 8 ? 6 6 5 ( ? 4 1. ? 3 3 3 3 3 ? 8 ? 2 . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a . rit is ) , ol ! m bi a , or dil ler a M e s o ; oi c

,r et ac eo !s

0 a m bi er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

? 3 3 5 3 89, . . . . 89 ? 6 3 5 6,3 323 33

? 3 35 3 2 8 1 1 ? 8 1 . . . . ?, 9 6 6 4 3 ?63 5 1 1 413 4 3, ? 8 5

n / /e a ed di, i, .r .r an an dy dy

/r ia ss ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 4? 3 ? 2 2 3 ? 8 1 . . . 4 . 1 3 4 3 4 3 3 6 1 4, 1 485 4 2 2

n C C a or ort t) )a air ir

? 1 ? 5

, or dil ler a

M e s o ; oi c

,r et ac eo !s

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 28 1 ? 2 8 3 ? 6 3 . . . 8 . 3 3 4 6 4 9 8 3, 1 334 3 3 3

? $ $ ? 9 en en 3 8 ec ec 2 a a, H ar ris

$ e n ec a

8 9 . 1 ? 5 4

( ? . , , M ? 9 rit or o e 4 8 is dil a s ?. ) ler st o 9 , a . ; 8 ol el oi 1 ! t c

J! ra ss ic

Vo lca no se di m en

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 1 3 8 3 ?, 8 ? 4 ? 2 1 . . . ? . 2 9 9 4 6 5 62? 8 3 ? 152 6, 4 1 9

37
on , B! ck y Ji m ? , , ? 8 )! )! 3 9 , , ? )! )! a a , ) ! , ) ! a 4 6 4 ? ? m bi a tar el b, y si + c n

2 ? . 1 6 9 8 8 8

( ? . , H P D ? 8 rit or m al e 4 9 is dil in e on 3. ) ler e o ia 3 , a c ; n( 2 ol a oi P 8 ! . c er 1 m el mi 1 bi t an 1 a

M o ! nt ai n $l li d e 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si + li n, ci , cl o a st ic bi m g, o , d ! al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 3 ? 3 ?, 2 4 ? ? 1 1 . . . 3 . 3 ? 4 3 4 3 913 2 8 3 833 1, ? 6 2

n H H a ar ar &e &e r r ,r ,r ee ee k k

2 ? . 1 8 ? 6 5 3 $ a m at os ! m 2 ? . ? ? ? ? ? ?

( ? ? 9. 8 2 9 3 3 3

? ? 6 9

. rit is ) , ol ! m bi a

, or dil ler a

P al e o ; oi c

Ba te D e on ia n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 34 3 8 2 4 1 ? 2 1 . . . . 2, ? 3 3 ? ? 4 133 3 2 9 933 3 3, 3 3 3

? H H ? 8 o o 3 8 m m 3 es es ta ta ke ke

( ? . , H P ? 8 rit or m al ? 8 is dil e e 9. ) ler ni o 8 , a c ; 4 ol a oi 5 ! . c 5 m el 5 bi t 8 a

D e on ia n

= a gl e . a y s s e m bl a g e = a gl e . a y s s

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al . ( a " $ el H si 8, c , !, P b, + n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3 8 1 4 4 8,1 . . . 3 . 33 4541 6 ?192

3 4 ?4 3 4 2 6 8 ? 8 8 . . . 2 . 2 ? 3 ? 9 3 4 4 4 5 6 8, 9 815 4 3 6

? $ $ ? 8 a a 3 5 m m 3 at at os os ! ! m m

$ a m at os ! m

2 ? . ? 8 5 4 4 4

( ? . , H P ? 8 rit or m al ? 5 is dil e e 9. ) ler ni o 8 , a c ; ? ol a oi 9 ! . c 8 m el 8 bi t 8 a

D e on ia n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3 4 ? 5 ? 22 3 4 ? 5 ? 2 2 8 2 ? 8 ? . . . 8 . 2,3 . . . 8 . 2 ? 3 ? 9 3 9 6 8 2 2 33 9 6 8 2 2 2, 9 313 313 3 3 3

38
e m bl a g e n K K ? $ 2 ( n . , a ea ea 3 a ? ? a rit or 0 0 3 m . ? is dil ol ol at ? 9. ) ler d d os 2 8 , a ! 3 ? ol m 3 6 ! 3 5 m 3 3 bi 3 a P al e o ; oi c D e on ia n = a gl e . a y s s e m bl a g e B ar d e a ! 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y g, !, , !, P b, + n 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 45 6 4 . . . 1 . 8 2 4 ? 2 4, 528 8 4 4

? 0 0 ? 9 ol ol 3 3 ds ds 4 tr tre ea a m m

0 ol ds tr e a m

2 ? . 6 4 9 ? 6 5

( ? . , H P ? 9 rit or m al ? 3 is dil in e 8. ) ler e o 8 , a c ; 4 ol a oi 2 ! . c 8 m el 1 bi t 1 a

, a m bri an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

ma g, "i , c !, ( + si n li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

8 4 3 2 3 4,3 8 4 3 2 3 4, 2 1 8 ? 4 1 . . . . 93, . . . . 3 ? 5 2 ? 2 1 3 1 3 3 85 3 1 3 3 9 8 1?3 2 1?3 3, 8 5 2

n ,r ,r a ee ee k k + +o on ne e M M at at

6 8 . 4 3 3 3 3 3

( ? ? 2. ? ? 6 6 6 5

? ? 3 ?

C $l or a t) e ' e st / er rit or ie s

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 8 3? 3 9 6 ? 3 ? 5 3 . . . 8 . 3 8 4 ? 6 8 5 4 3 8, 2 636 3 3 3

8 H H ? ? oo oo 8 4 d d 2 Ki Ki e e r r C o. ?3 D e&

H o o d Ki e r

6 6 . 3 2 9 5 4 4

( 8 C $l ? ? or a ? 4 t) e 4. ' 5 e 2 st 8 / ? er 6 rit 5 or ie

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

1 1 34 3 8 6 1 1 ? 8 ? . . . 8 . 6 6 2 ? 2 2 4 5 3 3 ?, 4 953 8 8 3

39
os it, /a ki* !A Ba ke n C H ? H 6 ( a o. oo 8 o 3 ? 8? d 2 o . ? D Ki d 5 8. e& e Ki 2 4 os r e3 2 it C r 3 3 o. 3 3 8? 3 3 D 3 e& os it ? 1 ? 4 s

C $l or a t) e ' e st / er rit or ie s

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 8 3? 3 4 6 8 3 ? ? 3 . . . 8 . 9 3 2 ? 2 2 ? 3 3 3, 8 543 1 3 3

8 I; I; ? I; 6 ( 8 C $l ? ok ok 8 ok 2 ? ? or a ? 8 . ? ? t) e 6 4. ' 1 5 e 1 9 st 1 2 / 1 8 er 1 1 rit 1 or ie s 8 . . ? . 6 ( 8 C $l 3 ea ea 5 e 4 ? 3 or a 2 r r 9 ar . ? 2 t) e ( 8 4. ' $ 9 1 e ! 1 9 st nr 1 ? / is 1 6 er e 1 6 rit 5 or ie s 8 $ $ ? 3 !n !n 5 6 ris ris 9 e e, $ !n ris e Ba ke . e ar ( $ ! nr is e 6 4 . 9 3 ? 6 6 5 ( 8 C $l ? 3 or a ? 6 t) e 4. ' 1 e 5 st 2 / 3 er 3 rit 3 or ie s

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? ? 5 3 9, 6 1 3 ? 8 8 . 8. 2 . 5 2 8 ? 5 2 8. 8 3 9 4 286 5, 3 5 6 3

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 44 3 5 6 2 1 ? 4 1 . . . 4 . 1 4 1 6 ? 1 3 3 ? 1 3 9 8, 4 3?4 2 6 3

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 8 8 ? ?, 6 2 6 ? 4 1 . . . 3 . 8 4 8 ? 4 3 ? 8 48 3 6 4 384 6, 4 3 3

8 0 0 ? 0 6 ( 8 C $l H B Ba

Vo bi + 3 3 3 3 3 3

3 6 3 2 3 5, 6 1 8 ? 8 3

40
3 on on 8 o 2 9 do do 4 n . r r d 2 or 6 ? 9 8 8 ? 3 or a lg at te ? 9 t) e a e -r ?. ' B - c) 8 e a rc ea 3 st k ) n 3 / e e 3 er 0 a 3 rit re n 3 or e ie n s st o n e . el t ( 8 C $l ? 3 or a ? 8 t) e 3. ' 9 e 6 st 1 / 1 er 1 rit 1 or ie s ( ? ? 3. 9 2 8 8 8 8 ? 4 ? 1 C $l or a t) e ' e st / er rit or ie s B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n lca no se di m en tar y m n, . . . o , 333 d !, 3 3 3 al ( g, mP a b "i c . 3 . . . 3 . 2 2 1 1 ? 8 232 3 3 ? 333 3, 3 3 3

8 In In ? 3 di di 5 8 an an 8 M M o! o! nt nt ai ai n n

In di a n M o ! nt ai n

6 1 . 3 1 4 2 3 3

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 2 5 3 ?, 6 ? 2 ? 2 8 . . . 1 . 8 1 5 ? 5 8 8?5 3 5 3 ?9? 4, 1 8 6

n L L a en en ne ne dy dy Ba Ba ke ke #. #. . . E EB Bk kE E , , !; !; on on e% e% n $ $ a !s !s ! ! Ba Ba ke ke

6 1 . 3 1 8 8 8 8

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 3 ? 3 4, 6 4 8 ? 2 ? . . . 3 . 3 1 ? 5 6 1 8 64 3 5 3 383 3, 3 3 3

6 1 . 3 3 3 3 3 3

( ? ? 3. 5 2 3 3 3 3

? 8 3 6

C $l or a t) e ' e st / er rit or ie s

rc ) e a n

-r c) ea n

bi , m! o d al ( " el si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 33 3 ? 6 3 3 ? 8 3 . . . . 4 1 ? 2 9 3 3 3 9, 3 233 3 3 3

8 Hi Hi ? Hi 6 ( 8 C $l H B Ba

M Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3

1 4 3 4 3 8, 6 4 2 ? 2 4

41
3 g) g) 5 g 5 1 Ba Ba 5 ) . ke ke B 1 ak 8 e 3 2 2 6 ? 3 or a ig at te ? 1 t) e ) e -r 3. ' B - c) 8 e a rc ea 2 st k ) n 2 / e e 2 er 0 a 2 rit re n 6 or e ie n s st o n e . el t ( 8 C $l H B Ba ? ? or a a at te 3 8 t) e c e -r 8. ' k - c) 8 e et rc ea 6 st t ) n 3 / K e 8 er i a 1 rit er n 1 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el t ( 8 C $l H B Ba ? ? or a a at te 3 2 t) e c e -r 8. ' k - c) 8 e et rc ea 1 st t ) n 5 / K e 2 er i a 3 rit er n 3 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el t e st er n D o m ai n lca no se di m en tar y m g, . . . o - 333 d !, 3 3 3 al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n . 3 . . . 3 . 5 5 4 3 ? ? 3 28? 8 ? 3 52? 5, 8 8 3

8 = = ? ? as as 8 8 t t 6 ,l ,l ea ea e e r r Ba Ba ke ke , ,l ea e r Ba ke

H ac ke tt Ki e r

6 2 . 9 ? 6 6 6 5

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 ? 4 3 1, 6 2 3 ? 4 1 . . . ? . 6 2 2 3 5 9 9 ? 86 2 4 8 828 8, 8 3 3

8 . . ? ? oo oo 8 2 t t 6 Ba Ba ke ke , . oo t

H ac ke tt Ki e r

6 2 . 9 ? 4 5 5 8

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3 4 3 8, 6 2 8 ? 4 ? . . . 3 . 2 2 8 6 3 6 2 4 9 9? 2 1 8 959 6, 3 3 3

n . C ? H 6 ( ? C $l H B Ba

bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3

3 8 3? 3 ?

6 2 3 ? 4 3

42
a at )! rst ( C or se mi ne s or 8 ac 2 ? 1 or a a at te se 6 ke . 3 ? t) e c e -r mi tt 9 8. 2 ' k - c) ne Ki ? 8 e et rc ea s e6 ? st t ) n r 6 6 / K e 6 6 er i a 5 6 rit er n 5 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el t H ac ke tt Ki e r 6 2 . 9 ? 8 3 2 6 ( 8 C $l H B Ba ? ? or a a at te 3 1 t) e c e -r 8. ' k - c) 1 e et rc ea 6 st t ) n 6 / K e 1 er i a 8 rit er n 9 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el t Vo lca no se di m en tar y m g, . . . o - 333 d !, 3 3 3 al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n . 3 . . . 2 . 9, 2 2 8 9 53 2 3 ?82 2 3, 3 3 3 3 2 8

8 H H ? ? ac ac 8 1 ke ke 6 tt tt Ki Ki e e r r - + +o on ne e

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 ? 4 ? 8, 6 2 2 ? 4 2 . . . 8 . 3 2 2 3 ? 9 4 2 83 5 8 8 233 4, 8 3 3

8 P P ? P 6 ( 8 C $l H B Ba 3 a a 8 a 2 ? 3 or a a at te 8 a a ? a . 3 8 t) e c e -r 6 5. ' k - c) 3 9 e et rc ea 4 1 st t ) n 5 1 / K e 5 1 er i a 8 1 rit er n 1 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 1 3 ? 4 ?, 6 1 ? ? 2 3 . . . 3 . 2 2 6 3 3 6 2 3 21 3 3 5 333 3, 3 3 3

43
t 8 M M ? M 6 ( 8 C $l H B Ba 3 !s !s 8 !s 2 ? 3 or a a at te 5 k k 3 k . 3 5 t) e c e -r 1 5. ' k - c) 4 6 e et rc ea 4 3 st t ) n 4 3 / K e 4 3 er i a 4 3 rit er n 3 or 0 ie re s e n st o n e . el t 8 H H ? ? en en 8 3 in in 1 ga ga Ba Ba ke ke , 0 e m e: H e ni n g a B ak e 6 ? . 5 5 1 6 ? ? ( 8 C , K B Ba 9 ? or )! a at te 6. 3 t) rc n e -r 4 ' )il ki - c) 3 e l n( rc ea 4 st = ) n 5 / n e 5 er n a 8 rit a n or d ie ai s 0 re e n st o n e . el t ( 8 8. 8 5 2 3 3 3 ? ? ? ? C or t) ' e st / er rit or ie s B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? ?1 3 1 6 ? 4 ? 1 3 . 3. 8 . 8 2 9 3 3 6 4 . 8 1 3 3, 5 333 3 3 3 3

L Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 a lca m g, . . . . m nic o - 3 3 3 3 in d !, 3 3 3 a al , k ( !, 0 m+ ro a n ! "i & c

? 9 3 6 ? 2, 6 8 4 9 ? ? . . . 9 . 8 ? 6 2 6 4 3 133 3 8 333 1, 4 3 3

n D D a eb eb

5 1 . 3 8 ? 6 6 5

bi , m !, o P d b, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 3 3 ?, 5 4 1 8 4 1 . . . . ? 1 3 8 8 3 854 3 ? 138 8, 3 3 3

n .r .r a ab ab

2 ( n $ , /r = P 6 ? a a )! a ar al

bi m

3333 3 3 . . . .

3 8 3 2 3 1, . . . . 9

44
an t Ba ke an t Ba ke . ? 5 3 3 3 3 3 1. 6 5 3 3 3 3 s rc n ly eo k )il s( P &r at l H ro ot c ! te er ) d ro o; e s ; oi ' o oi c a n c n H ro g e n Vo lca no se di m en tar y o d al ( m a "i c 333 333 3 683 813 ? 4 8, ? 8 3

4 .i .i ? 2 gs gs ? 3 to to 8 ne ne Ba Ba ke ke

.i gs to n e B ak e

2 8 . 2 5 2 2 2 6

( 4 $ , /r = P ? 2 a )! a ar al 3 3 s rc n ly eo 1. k )il s( P &r 4 at l H ro ot 3 c ! te er 4 ) d ro o; 2 e s ; oi 3 ' o oi c 3 a n c n H ro g e n ( 4 $ , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 5 s rc n ly eo 4. k )il s( P &r 8 at l H ro ot 8 c ! te er 9 ) d ro o; 8 e s ; oi 8 ' o oi c 8 a n c n H ro g e n ( ? 3 4. 5 2 ? 1 8 9 ? 1 2 8 $ a s k at c ) e ' a n , )! rc )il l /r = a ar n ly s( P H ro ! te d ro s ; o oi n c H ro g e n P al eo &r ot er o; oi c

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? 3 3 3 ?, 2 1 1 ? ? 9 . . . . 5 8 8 4 3 4 193 3 2 1 963 9, 9 6 8

4 M H ? 8 cIl an ? 5 e so 6 nn n a Ba . ke ay , M cIl e nn a . ay 4 K K ? 8 a a ? 8 m m 6 sa sa y y $ )o 'i ng

M cIl e n n a . ay

2 8 . 6 5 2 3 3 3

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 8 34 3 ? 2 8 1 ? 2 2 . . . 8 . 1, 8 3 3 3 3 8 493 2 3 4 623 8 3, 3 3 3

M cIl e n n a . ay

2 8 . 5 1 8 3 2 6

=n ig m ati c

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? 38 3 5 2 8 ? ? 8 2 . . . . 1 8 8 5 3 2 ? 8 3 ? 8, 4 333 2 3 3

45
n M M a ok ok o o m m an an Ba Ba ke ke 2 2 . 8 5 4 4 4 4 ( ? 3 4. 5 1 6 6 6 5 ? 4 8 9 $ a s k at c ) e ' a n , )! rc )il l /r P a re n c s( a H m ! br d ia s n o n H ro g e n Pr ec a m bri an bi , m! o d al ( " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 3 3 3 2, 2 2 4 ? 8 ? . . . . 8 2 4 3 3 8 4 333 3 8 4 333 3, 3 3 3

4 $ $c ? 2 c) )o ? ? ott tts 9 s Ba Ba ke ke , D K $

$ c) ot ts B ak e

2 2 . 3 9 2 8 1 1

( 4 $ , /r = P ? 2 a )! a ar al 3 ? s rc n ly eo 4. k )il s( P &r 4 at l H ro ot 4 c ! te er 6 ) d ro o; 1 e s ; oi 8 ' o oi c 9 a n c n H ro g e n ( ? 3 4. 3 2 3 3 3 3 ? 4 4 9 $ a s k at c ) e ' a n , )! rc )il l /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g e n /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g Pr ot er o; oi c

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? 3 3 3 ?, 2 2 8 ? ? 1 . . . . 9 2 2 3 1 2 613 3 8 4 ?23 1, 8 2 3

n L L a on on !t !t o o Ba Ba ke ke

2 8 . 6 8 1 1 1 1

bi m !, o , d ! al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

6 3 3 3 4 ?, 2 8 3 ? 1 3 . . . . 8 8 ? 3 333 2 8 4 333 3, 3 3 3

n I I a !a !a nd nd t t Pr Pr o& o& er ert ty y, H an so n Ba

2 8 . 5 1 8 3 2 6

( ? 3 4. 5 2 ? 1 8 9

? 1 2 3

M a ni to b a

, )! rc )il l

Pr ot er o; oi c

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? 35 3 8 2 8 ? ? 8 2 . . . . ? 8 8 5 3 2 ? 5 3 ? 8, 4 253 6 8 6

46
ke 4 .i .i ? 1 rc rc 3 2 ) ) 8 Ba Ba ke ke Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 6 6 ? ? ? ? e n ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 2 ni rc n ly eo 4. to )il s( P &r 3 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Fl Fl ? Fli 2 ( 4 M , /r = P 1 e: e: 3 n 8 ? 1 a )! a ar al 8 ar ar 8 Fl . 3 8 ni rc n ly eo o 6 4. to )il s( P &r n 5 3 b l H ro ot 6 4 a ! te er 6 8 d ro o; 6 8 s ; oi 5 8 o oi c 9 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y ma g, "i c !, , !, + n 1 3 3 5 ? 13 1 3 3 5 ? 1 2 8 1 ? ? 8 . . . . 6,3 . . . . 3 8 3 6 3 8 5 8 3 8 35 5 8 3 8 6, 4 253 253 3 3 5 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y ma g, "i c !, , ! 6 3 3 8 3 45 6 3 3 8 3 4 2 1 8 ? 4 3 . . . . 8,5 . . . . 5 8 9 3 3 ? 3 3 ? 2? ? 3 3 ? 8, 4 533 533 5 2 ?

47
a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 , , ? 1 or or 3 6 on on 8 ati ati on on Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 2 8 8 5 4 4 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 6 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 9 b l H ro ot 9 a ! te er 6 d ro o; ? s ; oi ? o oi c ? n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 , , ? ? all all 3 1 in in 8 an an Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 5 5 2 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? ? a )! a ar al 3 1 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 4 d ro o; 2 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c ? 1 3 4 ? 4,8 ? 1 3 4 ? 4, 2 8 1 ? 2 2 . . . ? . 33, . . . ? . 8 8 6 9 3 4 5 8 5 3 5 33 8 5 3 5 3 ? 133 3 133 3, 3 3 3 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y ma g, "i c !, , !, + n 8 3 3 2 4 ?,4 8 3 3 2 4 ?, 2 1 2 ? 2 8 . . . . 8?, . . . . 4 8 2 3 9 6 4 1 3 3 58 4 1 3 3 8 ? 233 5 233 ?, 5 8 5

48
#F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Fli Fli ? 3 n n 3 4 Fl Fl 8 on on Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 6 6 6 6 5 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 4 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 4 d ro o; 4 s ; oi 4 o oi c 4 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% n /r /ri ? Fli 2 ( a i&l &l 3 n 8 ? e e 8 Fl . 3 5 5 o 5 ?. n 5 8 2 5 3 2 ? 8 4 6 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r = a ar n ly s( P H ro ! te d ro P al eo &r ot er o; m is k 0 ro ! Vo lca no se di m en bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 1 2 31 4 ? 2 8 1 ? 2 1 . . . 8 . 1, 8 6 3 3 4 3 153 5 8 ? 483 3 3, 3 3 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 4 8 3 8 4 64, . . . ? . 24 ? ? 3 6 ?,6 513 55 4 8 38 4 6 2 8 3 ? 2 2 . . . ? . 4, 8 6 3 4 6 ??3 6 2 ? 513 4 ?, 6 5 5

49
3 3 3 3 3 s ; oi o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Ba Ba ? 1 r r, ? 8 Ba 4 !ri e Ba ke By n n B ak e 2 6 . 6 1 2 4 5 8 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 8 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 3 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n #B y n n B a k e 0 re e n st o n e . el M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 3 3 3 ?, 2 1 5 ? 2 8 . . . . 1 6 8 3 4 8 8?3 3 6 ? 323 3, 3 3 3 & tar a n y "i c 3

50
t% 4 M M ? ? es es 3 4 ta tar 8 r m m Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 6 8 4 2 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? ? a )! a ar al 3 4 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 5 d ro o; 4 s ; oi 4 o oi c 4 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 M M ? Fli 2 ( 4 M , /r = P ? an an 3 n 8 ? ? a )! a ar al ? dy dy 8 Fl . 3 ? ni rc n ly eo o 5 ?. to )il s( P &r n 4 8 b l H ro ot 6 1 a ! te er 6 ? d ro o; 6 6 s ; oi 5 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 8 ? 3 6 1 ?4 8 ? 3 6 1 ? 2 8 1 ? 8 2 . ? . 8 . 2,3 . ? . 8 . 4 8 1 6 3 9 8 4 . 3 3 33 4 . 3 3 2, ? 413 413 3 8 8 3 3 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 1 ? 3 ? ? ?,? 1 ? 3 ? ? ?, 2 1 1 ? 2 ? . . . 6 . 15, . . . 6 . 6 8 8 1 3 3 8 4 8 3 8 85 1 2 3 8 8 ? 283 1 883 4, 1 4 5

51

ol c a ni c . el t% 4 $ $c ? ? c) )i 3 3 ist st 8 Ba Ba ke ke Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 ? 9 5 4 4 ( 4 M , /r = P ? ? a )! a ar al 3 3 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 4 a ! te er 6 d ro o; ? s ; oi ? o oi c ? n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 /r = ? 3 o! m 3 9 t b! 8 Ba ry ke Ba ke , /r o! t Ba ke Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 8 4 9 ? 6 5 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 9 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 4 a ! te er ? d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n #F m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c 4 8 3 ? ? ?3, . . . 2 . ?8 ? 5 3 8 3,6 ?93 38 4 8 3? ? ? 2 8 8 ? 8 ? . . . 2 . 3, 8 9 2 3 9 8 ?53 8 ? ? ?93 8 3, 6 3 8 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 8 5 3 1 ? ?,8 8 5 3 1 ? ?, 2 8 ? ? 8 1 . . . 5 . 55, . . . 5 . 8 8 1 ? 3 9 8 4 3 3 8 8? 4 3 3 8 5 ? ?33 1 ?33 5, 8 ? 1

52
li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% n .i .i ? Fli 2 ( a g g 3 n 8 ? Isl Isl 8 Fl . 3 an an o 8 ?. d d n 3 5 Ba Ba 8 4 ke ke ? 9 6 ? 5 6 5 ? 3 2 2 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r = a ar n ly s( P H ro ! te d ro s ; o oi n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 M M ? 3 )it )it 3 8 e e 8 Ba Ba ke ke Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 ? 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 8 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 5 b l H ro ot 4 a ! te er 3 d ro o; 3 s ; oi m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a ? 8 3 3 3 88 ? 8 3 3 3 8 2 8 8 ? 8 ? . . . . 9,2 . . . . 8 8 4 8 3 1 4 9 6 3 3 98 9 6 3 3 9, ? 513 513 2 9 8 P al eo &r ot er o; oi c m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? 38 8 4 2 8 ? ? 8 8 . 8. 1 . 4 8 8 2 3 1 2 3 . 3 2 3, ? 333 3 3 3 3

53
1 3 3 o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 , , ? 3 !& !& 3 1 r! r! 8 s s Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 4 3 2 2 6 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 1 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 5 b l H ro ot ? a ! te er 3 d ro o; 8 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 1 6 3 4 ? 86 1 6 3 4 ? 8 2 8 ? ? 8 1 . . . 8 . 4,3 . . . 8 . 6 8 1 8 3 4 9 4 8 3 8 33 4 8 3 8 4, ? 843 843 3 3 3 y "i c

54
4 , , ? 3 en en 3 8 te te 8 nn nn ial ial Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 3 2 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 8 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 6 b l H ro ot 6 a ! te er 6 d ro o; 9 s ; oi 8 o oi c 8 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 F Fo ? By 2 1 o: : ? n 6 9 4 n . B 6 ak 1 e 2 4 5 8 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 9 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 6 b l H ro ot 2 a ! te er ? d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n #B y n n B a k e 0 re e M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c ? ? 3 3 3 ??, . . . . 92 8 5 3 3 8,? 483 84 ? ? 33 3 ? 2 1 5 ? 1 6 . . . . ?, 6 8 3 9 853 3 9 ? 483 2 8, ? 8 4 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c ? 4 3 ? 3 ?,6 ? 4 3 ? 3 ?, 2 8 ? ? 8 ? . . . . 48, . . . . 6 8 4 8 3 3 8 8 3 3 22 8 8 3 3 4 ? ?83 3 ?83 8, 2 2 3

55
n st o n e . el t% n $ $ ? Fli 2 ( a o! o! 3 n 8 ? rd rd 8 Fl . 3 o! o! o 5 ?. g) g) n 6 6 . . 1 4 ay ay 1 ? 1 6 1 6 5 ? 1 9 8 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Pi Pi ? 3 ne ne 3 5 ba ba 8 y y, Pi ne ba y , o& &e r Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 6 2 2 2 6 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 5 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 6 b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 8 d ro o; 6 s ; oi ? o oi c ? n c H ro g e n #F li m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 3 3 3 ?, 2 8 2 ? 1 1 . . . . 1 8 2 6 3 6 ? 233 3 8 ? 333 3, 3 3 3 Pr ot er o; oi c m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? 33 3 4 2 8 8 ? 1 ? . . . . 8 8 2 8 3 5 8 8 5 3 3 9, ? 6?3 3 3 3

56
n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 , , ? 8 o& o& ? 4 &e &e 4 r r K K ee ee " ", Mi nk C ar ro ' s By n n B ak e 2 8 . 6 ? 6 6 6 5 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 4 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 5 d ro o; 2 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n #B y n n B a k e 0 re e n st o n e . el t% ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 2 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 5 a ! te er 8 d ro o; 1 s ; oi m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 33 3 8 2 1 3 ? 1 ? . . . . 2 8 5 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 1, ? 333 6 3 3

4 C C ? 3 or ort 3 2 t) ) 8 $t $t ar ar

Fli n Fl o n

2 8 . 5 6 2 3 3

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar

bi , m! o d al ( m a

6 3 3 3 3 48 6 3 3 3 3 4 2 8 2 ? 1 8 . . . . ?,6 . . . . 8 8 2 8 3 8 4 ? 3 3 3 81 ? 3 3 3 ?, ? ?33 ?33 6 8 1

57
3 1 1 o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 D D ? 3 on on 3 6 Jo Jo 8 n n Fli n Fl o n 2 8 . 5 6 ? 9 8 8 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 3 a )! a ar al 3 6 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 5 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 2 o oi c 6 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c 133? . . . 333 633 ? 59, 1 3 3 ? 2 1? . . . . 1 333 4 633 ? 2 . 4 5 2 8 8 ? 1 4 9, 8 2 1 3 8 1 1 ? ? 1 y "i c

58
4 V V ? 8 a a ? ? m m 1 & & Ba Ba ke ke , H !d a m V a m & B ak e 2 8 . 9 1 8 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 ? ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 6 a ! te er 6 d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n 0 re e n st o n e . el t% ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 ? ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 6 d ro o; 9 s ; oi 8 o oi c 8 n c H ro g e n # Li s s e y n e ' , o m m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? 3? 8 5 2 2 ? ? ? 3 . . . 8 . 1 8 6 8 3 3 1 9 3 3 9, ? 633 2 6 3

4 $ $ ? 1 )e )e ? ? rri rrit 3 do t n 0 or do n, $ )e rri do n

$ ) er ri d o n

2 2 . ? 1 9 8 8 8

$ ) er ri d o n 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

4 4 3 1 3 5,5 4 4 3 1 3 5, 2 8 4 ? 6 4 . . . 1 . 19, . . . 1 . 5 2 4 3 2 8 8 3 6 23 8 8 3 6 1 ? 683 6 683 9, 2 3 6

59
&l e :% n 0 0 ? By 2 ( a oo oo ? n 6 ? de de 4 n . 3 no no B 8 ?. !g !g ak 9 3 ) ) e 2 9 3 ? 3 6 3 6 5 ? ? 2 6 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 . . ? 1 ob ob ? 4 Ba Ba 3 ke ke $ ) er ri d o n 2 2 . ? 2 8 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 4 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 3 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er ? d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n # Li s s e y n $ ) er ri d o n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? 3 9 3 4, 2 9 1 ? 4 1 . . . . ? 2 3 3 3 1?3 1 2 ? 183 9, ? 1 6 Pr ot er o; oi c M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m !, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 ? 33 4 ? 2 2 8 ? 2 1 . . . . 6 6 1 4 3 3 6 4 3 ? 2, ? 1?3 3 3 3

60
e ' , o m &l e :% n + + ? By 2 ( a D D ? n 6 ? e& e& 4 n . 3 os os B 8 ?. it it ak 4 3 e 9 4 ? 2 6 3 5 3 3 ? 8 6 ? M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 F FB ? 8 B V ? 3 V D 4 D H H 0r 0r o! o! &s &s , D H FB 0r o! &s By n n B ak e 2 6 . 8 1 1 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 3 ni rc n ly eo ?. to )il s( P &r 3 b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 8 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #B y M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 ? 33 3 2 2 2 3 ? 3 1 . . . . ? 6 3 3 3 9 8 3 3 1, ? ?63 8 5 2 Pr ot er o; oi c M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m !, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 4 33 3 6 2 8 8 ? ? 1 . . . . 8, 6 9 2 3 3 ?83 2 3 ? ?93 4 2

61
n n B a k e 0 re e n st o n e . el t% 4 J! J! ? 1 ng ng ? 1 le le 3 Ba Ba ke ke $ ) er ri d o n 2 2 . ? 6 1 8 8 9 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 1 a )! a ar al 3 1 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 9 b l H ro ot 5 a ! te er 4 d ro o; 4 s ; oi 4 o oi c 4 n c H ro g e n # Li s s e y n e ' , o m &l e :% ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 2 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 9 a ! te er ? d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H $ ) er ri d o n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? ? 3 3 3 1, 2 9 2 ? 2 4 . . . . 1 2 3 3 8 3 8?3 3 2 3 433 6, 6 8 3

4 K K ? 4 ail ail 3 2 Ba Ba 9 ke ke

$ n o ' B ak e

2 8 . 5 8 8 1 1 1

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

1 3 33 3 4 2 8 2 ? 1 1 . . . . 9 8 8 8 3 2 3 3 5 3 3 2, 3 333 3 3 3

62
ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 C C ? 8 or or ? 2 ris ris 2 Ba Ba ke ke Di ck st o n e( C or ris B ak e 2 8 . 9 1 3 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 2 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 6 a ! te er 3 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 6 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 2 b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 8 d ro o; 8 s ; oi 8 o oi c 9 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n - Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 m lca m g, . . . . is nic o - 3 3 3 3 k d !, 3 3 3 0 al , ro ( !, ! m+ & a n "i c 4 8 34 3 4 2 2 8 ? 1 1 . . . ? . 4 8 2 8 3 1 6 2 8 3 6 6, 3 ?43 8 6 3

4 K K ? 4 ee ee 3 6 d d 9 Ba Ba ke ke

$ n o ' B ak e

2 8 . 6 1 6 9 8 8

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 3 3 3 ?, 2 1 ? ? 1 2 . . . . 1 8 8 1 3 4 6 333 3 6 3 933 ?, 3 3 3

63
M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Di Di ? 8 ck ck ? 6 st st 2 on on e e Di ck st o n e( C or ris B ak e 2 8 . 8 2 2 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 6 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 9 a ! te er 3 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 5 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 3 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . - Vo bi - 4 1 3 ? 3 55 4 1 3 ? 3 ?, 2 2 ? ? 4 4 m lca m g, . . . 1 . ?,? . . . 4 . 3 8 ? 8 3 9 8 is nic o - 8 ? 3 5 43 8 2 3 6 5 3 k d !, 4 5 3 423 2, 0 al , 2 ro ( !, 5 ! m+ 6 & a n "i c

4 $ $ ? 4 &r &r 3 5 !c !c 9 e e P P oi oi nt nt

$ n o ' B ak e

2 8 . 2 5 1 1 1 1

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

4 4 3 4 4 ?,9 4 4 3 4 4 ?, 2 1 4 ? 4 3 . . . 2 . 1?, . . . 2 . 9 8 8 8 3 8 1 8 3 3 33 1 8 3 3 1 3 633 3 633 ?, 3 3 3

64
el t% n . . a ar ar rin rin gt gt on on Ba Ba ke ke 2 6 . 9 6 ? 6 6 5 $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 5 6 1 1 1 1 ( ? 3 3. 4 9 2 3 3 3 ? 3 8 4 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l P ro te ro ; oi c Pr ot er o; oi c bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 33 3 4 2 2 8 ? ? 8 . . . . 4 6 5 4 3 5 4 2 3 3 3 5, 3 333 3 3 3

4 M M ? 4 or or 3 4 ga ga 9 n n Ba Ba ke ke

( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 4 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 4 b l H ro ot ? a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t%

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? 33 1 4 2 8 8 ? ? 8 . 2. . 5 8 2 8 3 4 8 3 . 3 8 4, 3 333 3 3 3 3

n L L a o"" o"" + +o on ne e

2 8 . 3 6 1 6 ? ?

( ? 3 3. 4 3 9 5 4 4

? 4 4 6

M a ni to b a

, )! rc )il l

P ro te ro ; oi c

Pr ot er o; oi c

bi , m! o d al ( " el si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 33 3 4 2 1 8 ? ? 1 . . . . 5 8 9 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 2, 3 133 3 3 3

4 . . ? $ 2 ( 4 M , /r = P 4 o o 3 n 8 ? 4 a )! a ar al

- Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 m lca m g, . . . .

3 ? 39 3 6 . . . . 8

2 2 ? ? ? 3 8 ? 8 3 ?

65
8 m m 9 o . 3 8 ni rc be be ' 8 3. to )il r r, B 2 ? b l , ak 2 8 a oo e 3 1 k 3 1 Ba 3 1 ke 1 n s( H ! d s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 P P ? 4 ot ot 3 1 Ba Ba 9 ke ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 5 8 3 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 1 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er ? d ro o; 6 s ; oi 6 o oi c 5 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 8 3? 3 ? 2 8 8 ? ? 2 . . . 8 . 3 8 6 8 3 3 8 8 2 3 8 ?, 3 133 2 9 2 ly P ro te ro ; oi c eo &r ot er o; oi c is k 0 ro ! & no se di m en tar y o - 333 d !, 3 3 3 al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3 333 833 ? 1, 6 8 8 3

66
ni c . el t% 8 D D ? ? yc yc 8 9 e e 9 $i $i di di ng ng , $y l i a D yc e $i di n g 2 8 . 8 3 6 9 8 8 ( 8 M Int ? ? a eri 3 9 ni or 3. to Pl ? b at" 8 a or 9 mN ? , 6 )! 5 rc )il l B at e P ro te ro ; oi c #9 3 3( 2 5 3 M a% C eo &r ot er o; oi c bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 33 3 9 2 4 4 ? 8 2 . . . . 3 8 8 2 3 5 8 8 3 3 5, 3 333 3 3 3

4 , , ? ? )i )i 3 9 se se 9 l l Ba Ba ke ke

$ n o ' B ak e

2 8 . 8 1 1 1 1 1

( 4 M , /r = P ? ? a )! a ar al 3 9 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot ? a ! te er 2 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 3 o oi c 3 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t%

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3 ? 3 1 ? 5,? 3 ? 3 1 ? 5, 2 2 3 ? 6 2 . 3 . 5 . 65, . 3 . 5 . ? 8 3 3 8 1 . 4 2 33 1 . 4 2 6 3 2?4 3 2?4 5, 6 6 3 3 3

n Bo Bo ? $ 2 ( ? M , /r = P a st st 3 n 8 ? 4 a )! a ar al

- Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 m lca m g, . . . .

? 8 ?8 1 5 2 8 8 ? 6 1 . . . 9 . 6, 8 9 5 3 6

67
Ba Ba 9 o ke ke ' B ak e . 8 4 9 5 4 4 3 6 ni rc 3. 6 to )il ? b l ? a 3 3 3 3 n s( H ! d s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 , C ? 4 )i ort 3 3 se ) 9 l , C )i or se t) l, , )i se l Ba ke C ort ) $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 8 ? 6 6 5 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 3 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 8 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 8 3 4 3 4, 2 2 1 ? 6 1 . . . 1 . 2 8 3 3 3 3 498 2 8 3 433 3, 3 3 3 ly P ro te ro ; oi c eo &r ot er o; oi c is k 0 ro ! & no se di m en tar y o - 333 d !, 3 3 3 al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n 3 893 233 4 ? 8 8 3

68
ni c . el t% 4 P P ? 8 )o )o 3 8 to to 9 Ba Ba ke ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 2 2 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 8 a )! a ar al 3 8 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 2 d ro o; 2 s ; oi 2 o oi c 6 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 0 0 ? ? )o )o 3 8 st st 9 Ba Ba ke ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 1 3 2 2 6 ( 4 M , /r = P ? ? a )! a ar al 3 8 ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 3 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 3 s ; oi 2 o oi c 6 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n ? ? 3 8 ? 29 ? ? 3 8 ? 2 2 8 2 ? 6 ? . ? . 4 . 4,? . ? . 4 . 9 8 9 3 3 ? 4 . ? ? 32 4 . ? ? 4, 3 236 236 ? 2 2 3 2 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 2 6 3 4 2 66 2 6 3 4 2 6 2 2 ? ? 6 4 . . . 3 . 3,3 . . . 3 . 6 8 ? 8 3 3 6 4 3 ? 33 6 4 3 ? 3, 3 333 333 3 3 3

69
n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% n F Fa ? $ 2 ( a ar re 3 n 8 ? e ' 9 o . 3 ' ell ' 8 3. ell Ba B 8 3 Ba ke ak 2 8 ke e 3 6 3 6 3 6 5 ? ? 1 5 M a ni to b a , )! rc )il l /r P a ro n te s( ro H ; ! oi d c s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 M Mi ? $ 2 ( 4 M , /r = P 4 im m 3 n 2 ? 4 a )! a ar al 8 9 o . 3 8 ni rc n ly eo ' 3 3. to )il s( P &r B 4 3 b l H ro ot ak 2 8 a ! te er e 4 1 d ro o; 5 8 s ; oi 8 8 o oi c 9 n c H ro m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 38 ? 9 2 ? 1 ? 4 1 . . . . 8 2 ? 3 8 9 3 3 5 8, 3 ?33 8 8 8 Pr ot er o; oi c m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 33 3 4 2 4 6 ? 4 8 . . . . 2 8 9 3 8 3 3 3 3 5, 3 133 3 3 3

70
g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 Jo Jo ? 4 an an 3 ? ni ni 9 e e $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 4 8 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P ? 4 a )! a ar al 3 ? ni rc n ly eo 3. to )il s( P &r 3 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c 1 n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 - - ? ? nd nd 3 8 er er 9 so so $ n o ' 2 8 . 8 ( 4 M , /r = 9 ? a )! a ar 9. 8 ni rc n ly 9 to )il s( P P al eo &r m is k Vo lca no se bi , m !, o + d n 1 3 3 3 3 1,? 1 3 3 3 3 1, 2 2 1 9 2 1 . . . . 89, . . . . ? 8 ? 5 9 9 2 8 ? 3 3 63 8 ? 3 3 8 233 ? 233 9, m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 33 3 8 2 8 8 ? 4 3 . . . . 1 8 9 4 3 4 3 3 3 2, 3 833 8 2 6

71
n n Ba Ba ke ke B 6 9 ak 3 1 e 4 3 5 2 8 6 b l a H ! d s o n H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 $t $t ? ? all all 3 2 Ba Ba 9 ke ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 2 2 2 2 6 ( 4 M , /r = P 9 ? a )! a ar al 9. 2 ni rc n ly eo 9 to )il s( P &r 8 b l H ro ot ? a ! te er 6 d ro o; 6 s ; oi 5 o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 8 3 3 3 3 6,4 8 3 3 3 3 6, 2 2 4 9 2 1 . . . . 61, . . . . 4 8 ? 3 9 6 3 1 8 3 3 55 1 8 3 3 6 183 9 183 1, 5 5 9 ro te ro ; oi c ot er o; oi c 0 ro ! & di m en tar y al ( " el si c 6 3 ?

72
. el t% 4 Bi Bi ? ? nd nd 3 5 a a, 9 Bi nd a M cL ay se "" $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 1 1 1 1 1 ( 4 M , /r = P 9 ? a )! a ar al 9. 5 ni rc n ly eo 9 to )il s( P &r 1 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 K K ? ? od od 3 6 , 9 K od C o. ?, K od C o. 4, Bit tle $t all Ba ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 8 2 6 1 8 9 ( 4 M , /r = P 9 ? a )! a ar al 9. 6 ni rc n ly eo 9 to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 8 a ! te er 6 d ro o; ? s ; oi ? o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 6 4 3 3 3 66 6 4 3 3 3 6 2 2 4 9 2 5 . . . . 5,5 . . . . 6 8 ? 1 9 2 ? 9 3 3 34 ? 9 3 3 5, ??3 ??3 5 3 4 m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 3 3? ? ? 2 2 3 9 2 3 . . . 3 . ?, 8 3 9 6 183 5 5 333 9 1, 6 3 3

73
et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 M L ? 8 ac no ? 1 .r bb 8 id y e Ba Ba ke ke , M c. rid e Ba ke M ac .r id e 2 6 . 8 8 2 3 3 3 ( 4 M , /r = P 9 8 a )! a ar al 9. 1 ni rc n ly eo 9 to )il s( P &r ? b l H ro ot 6 a ! te er 6 d ro o; 6 s ; oi 5 o oi c n c H ro g e n #B y n n B a k e 0 re e n st o n e . el t% ( 4 M , /r = P 9 4 a )! a ar al 9. 9 ni rc n ly eo 8 to )il s( P &r 5 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c n c H ro g M a s e k ' a n 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 8 3 ? 3 ?, 2 2 6 9 2 3 . . . 4 . 8 6 1 9 2 153 ? ? 253 9, 5 3 3

4 , , ? 4 o& o& 3 9 &e &e 9 r( r( M M an an

$ n o ' B ak e

2 8 . 6 8 9 ? 6 5

m is k 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 8 33 3 4 2 1 2 9 2 4 . . . . 4 8 8 5 9 4 8 6 8 3 3 ?, 153 2 1 8

74
e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 H H ? 1 sb sb 3 3 or or 9 ne ne Ba Ba ke ke $ n o ' B ak e 2 8 . 9 2 8 ? 6 5 ( 4 M , /r = P 9 1 a )! a ar al 9. 3 ni rc n ly eo 5 to )il s( P &r 4 b l H ro ot 1 a ! te er 1 d ro o; 1 s ; oi 1 o oi c n c H ro g e n #F li n Fl o n M et a ol c a ni c . el t% 4 K K ? K 2 ( 4 M , /r = 1 !tt !tt ? !s 6 9 1 a )! a ar 5 an an ? ty . 9. 5 ni rc n ly B 8 6 to )il s( P ak 5 1 b l H ro P al eo &r ot K !t ta n 0 Vo lca no se di bi m g, o d !, al , ? ? 3 ? 3 25, . . . ? . 33 4 1 3 6 3,3 553 33 ? ? 33 3 6 2 4 1 9 1 ? . . . . 8, 6 8 3 9 8 8 413 3 3 523 3 3, m is k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 1 ? 3 3 3 4,8 1 ? 3 3 3 1, 2 2 ? 9 8 4 . . . . 24, . . . . 1 8 5 2 9 1 8 ? 2 3 3 33 3 8 3 3 8 843 5 183 3, 3 6 ?

75
e 2 3 3 3 5 4 4 4 a ! d s o n H ro g e n # K ! st y B a k e . el t% te ro ; oi c er o; oi c ro m ( !, ! en m + & tar a n y "i c 3 3 3

n H H a ye ye rs rs Isl Isl an an d d

2 8 . 5 6 1 1 1 1

( 9 6. 3 4 3 3 3 3

? ? 8 ?

M a ni to b a

rc ) e a n

-r c) ea n

bi , m! o d al ( si li ci cl a st ic bi m o d al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 33 3 1 2 8 8 9 ? ? . . . . 6 8 2 8 6 4 2 3 3 3 1, 633 3 3 3

n /r +i a o! nc t Pit . Pr ay os , &e o& ct, &e /r r o! t . ay , o& &e r n M M a ay ay br br !n !n

2 ? . 3 3 3 2 2 6

( 9 8. 4 ? ? 9 8 8

? 8 6 4

H nt ar io

M es te rn $ !& eri or Pr o in ce

G c )i $ ! b &r o i n c e

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 5 32 3 ? 2 3 4 9 ? 8 . . . 3 . 4 ? 8 4 1 2 8 4 4 8, 368 5 3 3

8 9 . 8 4 3 8

( 9 1. 6 2 3 3

? 4 8 ?

H nt ar io

B at e rc ) e

Ba te -r c) ea n

bi m !, o , d ! al ( m

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 3 3 4 4, 8 4 ? 9 1 3 . . . . 2 9 2 2 1 9 ?33 5 6 833 3, 3 3 3

76
1 3 1 3 n H H a ea ea d d !e !e 2 3 . 3 4 3 2 2 6 2 3 . 8 4 4 4 4 4 $ o !t ) . ay 2 3 . 9 8 3 3 3 3 ( n H 8 a nt 5. ar 6 io 6 3 2 2 6 ( n H 8 a nt 5. ar 2 io 8 6 9 8 8 a n B at e rc ) e a n B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n a "i c bi m o d al ( m a "i c bi m o d al ( m a "i c , o n" e d er at io n s s e m bl a g e , o n" e d er at io n s s e m bl a Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d ! al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 8 32 3 4 . . . 3 . 5 3 6 3 3 4, 33? ? 3 3

n L L a en en do do n n , , o& o& &e &e r r

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 8 3 8 3 4, . . . 8 . 4 443 8 1 433 5, 2 6 9

4 , , ? 5 o& o& 4 3 &e &e 8 r r Bo Bo de de - -, , o& &e r Bo de M ai n

( 4 H $ G B Ba 9 5 nt !& c at te 4. 3 ar eri )i e -r 9 io or - c) 2 rc ea 2 ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 34 3 5 2 2 8 9 2 ? . . . 3 . 5 3 8 8 4 5 8 3 3 3 3 8, ?33 5 2 2

4 , , ? 6 o& o& 4 9 &e &e 8 r r Bo Bo de de = =

$ o !t ) . ay

2 3 . 9 6 2 3 3 3

( 4 H $ G B Ba 9 6 nt !& c at te 4. 9 ar eri )i e -r 8 io or - c) 8 rc ea 3 ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3? 3 1 2 2 2 9 2 8 . . . 8 . 3 3 5 8 4 4 8 6 1 3 3 6, 363 8 6 5

77
g e 4 $ $ ? 6 o! o! 4 8 t) t) 8 . . ay ay , G c) i $ o !t ) . ay 2 ? . ? 3 9 5 4 4 ( 4 H $ G B Ba 9 6 nt !& c at te 4. 8 ar eri )i e -r 6 io or - c) 5 rc ea 9 ) n ? e 6 a 5 n , o n" e d er at io n s s e m bl a g e $ o !t ) $t !r g e o n B a k e V ol c a ni c s $ o !t ) $t !r g e o n B a k e V ol c Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c 4 ? 3 ? 3 ?,8 4 ? 3 ? 3 ?, 2 6 1 9 8 8 . 8 . 4 . 23, . 8 . 4 . 8 ? 2 4 3 2 1 . 3 3 3 33 1 . 3 3 3 2 323 3 323 3, 3 3 3 3 3

4 F F ? 6 0r 0r 4 2 o! o! 5 & &, F +o ne

$t !r g e o n B ak e

8 9 . 8 5 3 8 1 1

( 4 H $ M B Ba 9 6 nt !& a at te ?. 2 ar eri bi e -r 3 io or g - c) 2 o rc ea 8 o ) n ? n e 6 a 5 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3 9 3 6 3 18 3 9 3 6 3 1 8 2 ? 9 1 ? . . . 6 . 4,2 . . . 6 . 8 9 4 2 ? 2 6 2 2 3 45 6 2 2 3 4, 8?8 8?8 2 4 5

4 M M ? 6 att att 4 8 ab ab 5 i i

$t !r g e o n B ak e

8 9 . 8 5 5 2 3 3

( 4 H $ M B Ba 9 6 nt !& a at te 3. 8 ar eri bi e -r 9 io or g - c) 8 o rc ea ? o ) n 9 n e 8 a 8 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3 8 3 ? 3 ??, . . . ? . 18 5 4 8 1 3 2,1 882 63

3 8 3? 3 ? 8 2 1 9 2 2 . . . ? . ?, 9 4 9 3 8 2 5 4 81 3 1 882 8 2, 1 6 3

78
a ni c s n 0r 0r ? C 8 ( a ee ee 4 or 8 9 n n 6 t) . 3. , , , 6 9 oa oa ol 8 1 st st ds 1 1 tr 3 8 e 2 8 a 6 9 m ? ? 6 3 H nt ar io B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n . !r c ) el l s s e m bl a g e $ o !t ) $t !r g e o n B a k e V ol c a ni c s $ o !t ) $t !r g e o n B a k e V ol c a Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 3 33 3 ? 8 1 1 9 2 4 . . . . 8 8 8 2 3 6 4 3 3 3 ?, 233 3 3 3

4 $t $t ? 6 !r !r 4 6 ge ge 5 on on Ba Ba ke ke

$t !r g e o n B ak e

8 9 . 8 5 8 1 1 1

( 4 H $ M B Ba 9 6 nt !& a at te 3. 6 ar eri bi e -r 8 io or g - c) 9 o rc ea 8 o ) n 8 n e 8 a 8 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

4 9 ? 2 3 4,3 4 9 ? 2 3 4, 8 2 8 9 2 8 . . . . 68, . . . . 3 9 4 4 3 1 3 2 ? 4 3 8? 2 ? 4 3 6 25? 6 25? 8, 8 ? 6

4 By By ? 6 on on 4 5 Ba Ba 5 ke ke

$t !r g e o n B ak e

8 9 . 8 8 6 6 6 5

( 4 H $ M B Ba 9 6 nt !& a at te 3. 5 ar eri bi e -r 8 io or g - c) 8 o rc ea 9 o ) n 8 n e 8 a 8 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

? 8 3 ? 3 4,8 ? 8 3 ? 3 4, 8 2 ? 9 2 4 . . . 2 . 52, . . . 2 . 8 9 1 4 3 1 4 4 6 9 8 3 84 4 6 9 8 3 5 659 8 659 2, 8 4 8

79
ni c s 4 C C ? 6 or ort 4 1 t) ) 6 , , ol ol ds ds tr tre ea a m m, . !r c) ell Ba ke 4 M Mi ? 6 in ns 4 3 st to 8 on n Ba Ba ke ke , Pi ck +o ne C or t) , ol ds tr e a m 8 8 . 6 3 ? 1 8 9 ( 4 H $ M B Ba 9 6 nt !& a at te 3. 1 ar eri ' e -r 2 io or a - c) 8 rc ea 8 ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n . !r c ) el l s s e m bl a g e $ c )r ei b er s s e m bl a g e $ c )r ei b er s s e m bl a g e Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c ? 3 3 3 3 4,1 ? 3 3 3 3 4, 8 1 2 9 1 2 . . . . 3?, . . . . 1 8 6 3 2 9 3 3 3 18 9 3 3 3 3 533 2 533 ?, 1 8 2

M in st o n B ak e

8 9 . 3 3 4 5 5 8

( 4 H $ M B Ba 8 6 nt !& a at te 5. 3 ar eri ' e -r 8 io or a - c) 3 rc ea 8 ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

? ? 3 1 ? 8,6 ? ? 3 1 ? 8, 8 3 ? 8 4 1 . 2 . 2 . 23, . 2 . 2 . 6 9 3 5 8 3 3 . 3 ? 88 3 . 3 ? 2 383 8 383 3, 4 4 8 8 8

8 + +e ? ? en nit 4 8 it) ), 8 +e n m ac

M in st o n B ak e

8 8 . 9 5 5 5 5 8

( 8 H $ M B Ba 8 ? nt !& a at te 5. 8 ar eri ' e -r 1 io or a - c) 2 rc ea 9 ) n ? e 6 a 5 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3 ? 3 3 3 ?6 3 ? 3 4 3 4, 8 2 8 8 4 1 . 6. . 8,9 . 5 . 8 . 8 8 8 3 5 ? 1 ? . 3 3 26 9 . 3 8 8 823 353 ?, 3 1 ? 9 6

4 M Mi ? 5 ill lle 1 8 ec c) 3 )o o

M a nit o ! ' a d g

8 9 . ? 5 9 ? 6 5

( 4 H $ M B Ba 8 5 nt !& a at te 2. 8 ar eri ' e -r 8 io or a - c) 8 rc ea 1 ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i

3 8 3 8 3 1,2 3 8 3 8 3 1, 8 ? 8 8 2 3 . . . 2 . 34, . . . 2 . 2 9 3 2 2 1 9 3 3 3 ?2 9 3 3 3 3 323 9 323 4, ? 2 9

80
e 4 C C ? 5 a a 1 2 m m 3 a a ,r ,r ee ee k k, .i g C a m a ,r ee k M a nit o ! ' a d g e 8 9 . ? 6 1 8 8 9 ( 4 H $ M B Ba 8 5 nt !& a at te 2. 2 ar eri ' e -r 8 io or a - c) 8 rc ea 6 ) n ? e ? a ? n Vo lca no se di m en tar y c bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c 3 1 3 1 3 41 3 1 3 1 3 4 8 9 2 8 2 8 . . . 9 . 6,9 . . . 9 . 1 9 3 2 3 6 8 9 3 3 88 8 9 3 3 6, 333 333 9 8 8

4 M Mi ? M 8 ( 4 H $ M B Ba 5 illr llr 1 a 9 8 5 nt !& a at te 1 oy oy 3 nit . 2. 1 ar eri ' e -r o ? 8 io or a - c) ! 2 4 rc ea ' 2 2 ) n a 2 3 e d 2 3 a g 6 3 n e 4 0 0 ? M 8 ( 4 H $ M B Ba 5 ec ec 1 a 9 8 5 nt !& a at te 4 o o 3 nit . 2. 4 ar eri ' e -r o ? 5 io or a - c) ! 2 9 rc ea ' 8 4 ) n a ? 4 e d 6 4 a g 5 4 n e n = = a go go 8 8 . 4 1 6 ? ? ? B ak e 0 e n e a( $t ra 8 6 . 5 9 3 4 5 8 ( 8 8. 6 4 5 5 5 8 ? ? 4 8 H nt ar io B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m !, o , d ! al ( m a "i c

3 2 3 5 3 8,? 3 2 3 5 3 8, 8 9 4 8 8 1 . . . 2 . 83, . . . 2 . ? 9 3 2 9 3 9 ? 3 3 99 9 ? 3 3 8 883 5 883 3, 9 9 5

? 1 3 8 3 22, . . . 5 . 93 8 5 3 3 3,3 263 33

? 1 38 3 2 8 9 ? 8 8 1 . . . 5 . 2, 9 2 2 5 4 853 3 9 263 3 3, 3 3 3

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 1 1 8 ? ? 8 1 8 . . . . 1 8 8 3 8 5 3 6 3 3 8 6, 333 3 3 3

4 Ba Ba ? 2 ke ke 4 8 0 0 1 en en e e a a

( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te ?. 8 ar eri ti e -r 2 io or bi - c) ? rc ea 2 ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

0 Vo bi P 3 9 1 3 3 51, e lca m b, . . . . ?3 n nic o + 3 4 1 3 9 e d n 3?8 al a ( 0 si ro li ! ci & cl

3 ? ?3 3 4 8 8 4 8 1 2 . 3. . 4 6 5 2 ? 3 8 3 . 3 3 5, 385 1 4 1 1

81
la k 4 $ $ ? 2 )! )! 4 5 ns ns 4 by by $ ) ! ns by 8 5 . 5 ? 6 6 6 5 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te 4. 5 ar eri ti e -r 6 io or bi - c) 2 rc ea 8 ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n a st ic H Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 o lca m !, . . . . n nic o , 3 3 3 3 g d !, 3 3 3 L al + o ( n n m g a "i s c s e m bl a g e bi , m! o d al ( " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 3 3 3 4, 8 8 3 8 1 1 . . . . ? 5 1 4 9 3 883 3 5 333 6, 8 3 3

n P P a at at er er

8 6 . 4 2 3 3 3 3

( 8 4. 3 3 3 3 3 3

? 1 1 8

H nt ar io

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

? 3 3 3 3 4, 8 ? 3 8 3 3 . . . . 3 6 2 4 533 3 9 ?33 3, 3 3 3

4 $t $t ? B 8 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 2 ral ral 4 ak 6 8 2 nt !& bi at te 9 ak ak 1 e . ?. 9 ar eri ti e -r 0 8 6 io or bi - c) e 3 9 rc ea n 4 5 ) n e 2 4 e a( 3 4 a $t 3 4 n ra la k 4 L L ? 2 a a 4 1 m m( ? ( L L oti oti a a L a mi sk oti a 8 8 . 6 3 4 5 5 8 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te ?. 1 ar eri ti e -r 2 io or bi - c) 9 rc ea ? ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n

0 Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 e lca m g, . . . . n nic o , 3 3 3 3 e d !, 3 3 3 al P a ( b, 0 " + ro el n ! si & c

3 8 36 3 5 8 8 9 8 8 2 . . . 9 . 4 6 8 ? ? 3 1 3 2 3 2, 333 5 6 3

L Vo bi - ? ? 3 8 3 6,3 ? ? 3 8 3 6, 8 1 ? 8 1 1 a lca m g, . . . . 33, . . . . 3 8 6 3 ? 2 3 m nic o , 3 3 3 3 33 3 3 3 3 3 is d !, 9 1 3 3 913 3, k al + 3 ot ( n 3 ia m 3 a s "i s c e m bl a g

82
e 4 Ja Ja ? 2 m m 4 8 el el ? an an d d L a mi sk oti a 8 8 . 2 5 9 ? 6 5 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te ?. 8 ar eri ti e -r 2 io or bi - c) 8 rc ea 5 ) n 2 e 3 a 3 n L Vo bi - 3 3 3 8 3 86 3 3 3 8 3 8 8 1 8 8 1 ? a lca m g, . . . . ?,8 . . . . 6 8 8 2 ? 2 2 m nic o , 9 8 3 3 33 9 8 3 3 ?, is d !, 9 8 3 983 8 k al + 3 ot ( n 3 ia m a s "i s c e m bl a g e L Vo bi - 4 1 3 4 3 84 4 1 3 4 3 8 8 1 ? 8 1 ? a lca m g, . . . 8 . 6,8 . . . 8 . 4 8 4 3 ? 8 4 m nic o , 1 2 3 3 33 1 2 3 3 6, is d !, 3 3 3 333 8 k al + 3 ot ( n 3 ia m a s "i s c e m bl a g e L Vo a lca m nic is k ot ia s s e m bl a g e bi , m! o d al ( m a 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 ? 3 3 3 ?, 8 4 2 8 1 2 . . . . 8 8 8 8 ? 1 5 863 3 1 433 9, 5 8 2

4 , , ? 2 an an 4 2 ad ad ? ia ia n n Ja Ja mi mi es es on on

L a mi sk oti a

8 8 . 2 1 6 ? ? ?

( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te ?. 2 ar eri ti e -r 2 io or bi - c) 5 rc ea 3 ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

4 0 0 ? L 8 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 2 en en 4 a 8 8 2 nt !& bi at te 6 e: e: ? mi . ?. 6 ar eri ti e -r sk 8 2 io or bi - c) oti 8 6 rc ea a ? 2 ) n 6 8 e 6 1 a 5 1 n

n M M a or or de de y y

8 8 . 8 8 ? 9 8

( 8 ?. 2 2 9 5 4

? 4 9 4

H nt ar io

rc ) e a n

-r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 33 3 ? 8 4 2 8 1 1 . . . . 4 8 8 2 ? 1 2 4 3 3 3 3, 433 3 3 3

83
8 4 n , , ? Li 8 ( a )a )a 4 d 8 8 nc nc 3 d . ?. e e ,r 6 1 e 9 8 ek ? 3 6 4 6 5 5 8 ? 3 8 5 H nt ar io $ !& eri or bi ti bi B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n "i c Li Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 3 3 d lca m g, . . . . d( nic o P 3 3 3 3 M d b, 3 3 3 ! al + nr ( n o m a s "i s c e # m !l bl tr a a g m e a "i c % 3 ? 1? 3 ? 8 8 1 8 4 8 . 4. 5 . 5 8 ? 3 ? 4 9 3 . 4 8 3 6, 388 3 3 3 3

4 Li Li ? 2 dd dd 4 4 ,r ,r 3 ee ee k k

Li d d ,r e ek

8 8 . 6 9 ? 6 6 5

( 4 H $ - B Ba 8 2 nt !& bi at te ?. 4 ar eri ti e -r 1 io or bi - c) 6 rc ea 2 ) n 4 e 5 a 8 n

Li Vo bi - 4 6 3 8 3 ?1 4 6 3 8 3 ? 8 8 1 8 4 2 d lca m g, . . . 9 . 8,5 . . . 9 . 1 8 ? 3 ? ? 2 d( nic o , 1 2 4 3 33, 1 2 4 3 8, M d !, 2 3 1 33 2 3 1 5 ! al P 3 3 nr ( b, 3, o m+ 3 a n 3 s "i 3 s c e # m !l bl tr a a g m e a "i c % Li Vo m - ? ? 3 ? 3 88 ? ? 3 ? 3 8 8 1 3 8 ? 8 d lca a g, . . . 6 . 2,4 . . . 6 . 8 8 6 3 4 3 d( nic "i , 6 2 3 3 ?3 6 2 3 3 2, M c !, 1 3 3 133 4 ! + ? nr n 3 o s s e m bl a g e Li Vo m ? 4,1 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 P P ? M 8 ( 4 H $ - B Ba 5 ott ott 4 ! 8 8 5 nt !& bi at te ? er er 9 nr . 3. ? ar eri ti e -r o 6 4 io or bi - c) / 3 ? rc ea ' 3 ? ) n &. 3 ? e 3 ? a 3 ? n

n P P ? M 8 ( n H $ - B Ba

84
a ott er do al ott 4 ! 8 8 a nt !& bi at te er 9 nr . 3. ar eri ti e -r do o 8 ? io or bi - c) al / 9 9 rc ea ' 3 5 ) n &. 8 4 e 1 4 a 1 4 n d lca a d( nic "i M c ! nr o s s e m bl a g e bi , m! o d al ( " el si c M )i te ' at er 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic ? . 3 3 83 . . . 333 333 . 3

n / /e n / 8 ( a e m a e 6 8 m ag m . 3. ag a a 9 3 a mi g 2 8 mi a 3 1 mi 3 1 3 1 3 1 4 V V ? 6 er er 4 4 mi mi 2 lio lio n n Ba Ba ke ke $ ! d b !r y 8 6 . 2 ? 5 2 3 3

? 8 ? 6

H n at ri o

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 33 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

8 2 3 8 2 3 6 5 3

( 4 H $ $ B C 8 6 nt o! ! at eo ?. 4 ar t) d e &r 1 io er b P ot 2 n !r ro er 2 Pr y te o; 2 o $t ro oi 2 in r! ; c 6 ce ct oi !r c e #9 3 3( 2 5 3 M a% ( 4 H $ $ B C 8 6 nt o! ! at eo ?. ? ar t) d e &r 4 io er b P ot 2 n !r ro er 6 Pr y te o; 6 o $t ro oi 6 in r! ; c 5 ce ct oi !r c e #9 3 3( 2 5

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 2 ? 6 ? 4, 8 1 1 8 4 4 . . . 6 . 8 6 ? ? ? 3 8?1 ? 8 9?5 3, 3 3 3

4 =r =r ? 6 rin rin 4 ? gt gt 2 on on

$ ! d b !r y

8 6 . 2 1 5 2 3 3

M )i te ' at er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic

? 8 ? 2 ? ?6 3 4 3 2 3 8, 8 1 ? 8 ? 4 . . . 8 . 8,8 . . . 6 . 2 6 4 2 ? 2 8 3 6 ? 3 92 6 ? 2 8 1 533 266 5, 1 2 8

85
3 M a% 1 P P ? Jo 8 ( 1 I $ - B Ba 3 oir oir 8 !t 9 5 3 ! !& bi at te 9 ier ier 5 el . 8. 9 e eri ti e -r , 8 1 b or bi - c) o 8 8 e rc ea & 2 8 c ) n & 4 ? e er 5 6 a ( 8 5 n P oi ri er J o !t el V ol c a ni c , o m &l e : J o !t el V ol c a ni c , o m &l e : J o !t el V ol c a ni c , o m &l e : J o !t el V ol Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c ? 3 3 2 3 8,8 ? ? 3 1 3 6, 8 4 8 5 4 1 . . . . 85, . . . . 1 9 6 1 8 1 9 6 3 3 54 5 6 3 3 4 533 9 583 8, 8 3 9

1 Jo Jo ? 3 !t !t 8 8 el el 5 , , o& o& &e &e r r, Jo !t el

Jo !t el , o & & er ( P oi ri er

8 9 . 8 2 1 1 1 1

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 8. 8 e eri ti e -r 1 b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 3 c ) n 2 e 2 a 6 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

? ? 3 3 3 ?,6 ? 4 3 3 3 ?, 8 4 ? 5 4 4 . . . . 29, . . . . 5 9 5 4 8 ? 6 9 3 3 35 6 3 3 3 ? 893 6 243 9, 5 4 1

n , , ? Jo 8 ( a on on 8 !t 9 5 so so 5 el . 8. lid lid , 4 1 at at o 2 1 ed ed & 3 1 C C & 3 1 or ort er 3 1 t) ) ( 3 1 = =: P :& &l oi lor or ri ati ati er on on

? 3 9 6

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 31 3 9 8 ? 3 5 4 3 . . . 8 . 9 9 2 8 3 5 9 3 3 6, 123 8 9 1

1 = =: ? ? :& &l 8 3 lo o 5 +i +i nc nc ,

Jo !t el , o &

8 9 . 8 1 2

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 8. 3 e eri ti e -r 1 b or bi - c) 1 e rc ea ? c ) n

Vo lca no se di m

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 31 3 1 8 4 6 5 ? 2 . . . 3 . 4 9 6 8 9 4 8 8 3 3 2, 963 6 ? 9

86
, on so lid at ed C ort )e rn =: &l or ati on , L ell y D es m on d 4 C C ? 8 e e 8 9 ' ' ? co co ne ne : :, C e ' co ne : Fi g! er y 1 $ $ ? ? el el 8 4 ba ba 9 ie ie, D et o! r & 3 ? er 3 ? ( 3 ? P oi ri er e a n c en " a tar el ni y si c c , o m &l e :

C e ' co n e:

8 8 . 8 5 9 ? 6 5

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 8. 9 e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 5 e rc ea 3 c ) n 8 e 1 a 1 n

Li n o* e i s 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 36 3 8 8 4 8 5 ? ? . . . 9 . 2 8 8 2 8 3 2 3 3 3 3 1, 333 6 3 3

$ el b ai e

8 9 . 8 ? 6 6 6 5

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 8. 4 e eri ti e -r 9 b or bi - c) 1 e rc ea 4 c ) n 5 e 5 a 8 n

. ro !i ll a n V ol c a ni c , o o m &l e

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c

3 ? 3 1 3 85, . . . 9 . 48 9 9 3 6 9,6 883 33

3 ? 31 3 8 8 8 2 5 2 4 . . . 9 . 5, 9 8 9 8 5 6 993 6 4 883 8 9, 6 3 3

87
: n $ $ ? $ 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a el el 8 el 9 5 a ! !& bi at te ba ba 9 b . 8. e eri ti e -r ie ie ai 8 9 b or bi - c) - e ? 1 e rc ea ? ?, 6 4 c ) n D 6 5 e et 6 5 a o! 5 8 n r ? . ro !i ll a n V ol c a ni c , o o m &l e : . ro !i ll a n V ol c a ni c , o o m &l e : . ro !i ll a n V ol c a ni c , o o m &l e : Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m d al ( " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 31 3 1 . . . 6 . 4, 113 1 ? 933 3 5, 8 3 3

n $ $ ? $ 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a el el 8 el 9 5 a ! !& bi at te ba ba 9 b . 8. e eri ti e -r ie ie ai 8 9 b or bi - c) - e ? 1 e rc ea 4 4, 6 ? c ) n D 6 9 e et 6 8 a o! 5 8 n r 4

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m d al ( " el si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 ? 3 ? 3 8, . . . 5 . 8 443 8 2 683 4, 1 4 3

n $ $ ? $ 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a el el 8 el 9 5 a ! !& bi at te ba ba 9 b . 8. e eri ti e -r ie ie ai 8 9 b or bi - c) . ., e ? 1 e rc ea D 5 5 c ) n et 5 5 e o! 5 5 a r 8 8 n .

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m d al ( " el si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

8 3 3 1 ? 1, . . . 9 . 3 883 4 6 933 ?, ? 4 2

88
1 C C ? ? or or 2 1 m m 3 et et al al C or m et al 8 9 . 3 3 ? 9 8 8 8 9 . 3 3 3 4 5 8 8 9 . 2 8 6 6 6 5 ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 9. 1 e eri ti e -r 1 b or bi - c) 6 e rc ea 6 c ) n ? e ? a ? n ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 9. 8 e eri ti e -r 1 b or bi - c) 5 e rc ea ? c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 8. ? e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 6 c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c bi , m! o d 3 2 3 6 3 ?3, . . . 2 . ?3 5 1 3 9 9,6 933 68 3 2 36 3 ? 8 3 5 5 4 2 . . . 2 . 3, 9 9 ? 8 583 9 4 833 4 ?, 9 3 9

1 C C ? ? or or 2 8 m m 3 et et m m ar ar

C or m et al

3 ? 3 4 3 ?2 3 8 3 4 3 5 8 3 ? 5 4 ? . 4 . 8 . 8,8 . . . 4 . 9 9 9 4 8 3 . 3 3 85 1 3 2 3 1, 333 496 8 6 8 5

1 = =s ? ? str tra 8 ? ad de 8 es s, 0 ol de n H o& e

= st ra d es

? ? 3 ? 8 ?5 3 ? 3 ? 6 8 8 1 ? 5 2 4 . 4 . 6 . 8,9 . 4 . 9 . 2 9 2 4 8 ? 8 3 . 8 1 5 86 9 . 9 2 8 3, ??3 155 9 3 2 8 6

n H H ? C 8 ( a all all or 8 5 i' i' a . 9. ell ell n 4 ? d 2 8 a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

? ? 6 2

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

.l a k e Ki

Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & L e n o* e i s 0 ro ! & L e n o*

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 ? 8 ? ? 5 ? 3 . . . . 8 8 2 4 9 ? 5 3 3 3 1, 133 3 3 3

n By By ? H 8 ( a nd nd 6 ! 8 5 )! )! ? nt . 8. rst rst er 2 9 5 6 ? ? 6 9 6 8 5 8

? 4 6 5

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 4 8 1 ? 5 2 8 . . . . 3 8 8 8 8 5 1 8 3 3 3 3, 833 3 3 3

1 H H ? 8 !n !n 6 4 te ter ? r

H ! nt er

8 8 . 2

( 1 I $ 5 8 ! !& bi 9. 4 e eri ti ? b or bi

B at e -

Ba te -r c)

? 3 3 3 3 ?? ? 3 3 3 3 8 8 1 6 5 8 4 . . . . 5,9 . . . . 1 8 1 9 8 3 3 3 3 16 4 3 3 3 9, 333 533 3

89
2 ? 6 6 5 8 3 3 3 3 e c rc ea ) n e a n e i s 0 ro ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di al ( m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 8 2

4 C C ? C 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 4 e e or 8 5 4 ! !& bi at te ' ' a . 9. e eri ti e -r In In n 8 1 b or bi - c) sc sc d 8 2 e rc ea o o a 3 ? c ) n 8 6 e 1 6 a 1 5 n

4 3 3 ? 3 ?,3 4 3 3 ? 3 ?, 8 4 4 5 4 6 . . . 2 . 33, . . . 2 . 3 8 6 5 9 ? 2 3 3 9 33 2 3 3 9 3 333 3 333 3, 3 3 3

4 M M ? C 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba ? ag ag or 8 5 ? ! !& bi at te !s !s a . 9. e eri ti e -r i i, n 8 1 b or bi - c) Ki Is d 8 5 e rc ea e o, a 3 4 c ) n r Fa 8 2 e bi 1 3 a e 1 3 n ,r ee k ? -l -l ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 6 de de or 8 5 6 ! !& bi at te r rm a . 9. e eri ti e -r m ac n 4 4 b or bi - c) ac d ? 1 e rc ea a 9 1 c ) n 8 3 e 8 2 a 8 6 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 1 3 4 3 1, 8 4 4 5 4 4 . . . 8 . 6 8 6 5 9 4 ? 533 9 2 943 3, 3 3 3

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi , m! o d al

? 3 3 6 3 ?,8 ? ? 3 ? 3 4, 8 ? ? 5 ? 2 . . . . 53, . . . 2 . 8 8 1 3 9 1 9 8 3 3 2 33 8 8 3 2 5 533 3 983 3, 3 3 3

? - - ? C 8 ns ns or 8 il il a . n 1 d 2 a 1 3 2 6

( ? I $ - B Ba 5 ! !& bi at te 9. e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) ? e rc ea 5 c ) n 4 e 4 a 4 n

5 8 3 4 4 ?,2 5 8 3 4 4 ?, 8 4 ? 5 5 4 . . . 6 . 83, . . . 6 . 2 8 ? ? 9 3 3 3 4 33 3 3 3 4 8 843 3 843 3, 3 3 3

n . . ? C 8 ( a ed ed or 8 5 "o "or a . 9. rd d n 1 ? Hil d ? ?

? 3 8 5

I ! e b e

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc

Ba te -r c) ea

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 33 3 8 8 ? 8 5 6 1 . . . . 1, 8 8 4 9 6 833 3 3 933 3 3

90
l a ? 6 6 5 3 3 3 3 c ) n e a n m ( er en m 0 tar a ro y "i ! c & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ 4 ? 3 4 ? 4,5 4 ? 3 4 ? 4, 8 ? ? 5 2 2 . . . ? . 33, . . . ? . 5 8 8 2 9 9 9 9 3 3 33 9 9 3 3 3 483 3 483 3, 3 3 3

? , , ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 8 or or or 8 5 8 ! !& bi at te be be a . 9. e eri ti e -r t t n 1 3 b or bi - c) d 3 9 e rc ea a 8 9 c ) n ? 5 e 6 4 a 5 4 n

6 Hl d M ait e

Hl ? C 8 ( 6 I $ - B Ba d or 8 5 ! !& bi at te M a . 9. e eri ti e -r ait n 1 3 b or bi - c) e d 8 8 e rc ea a 3 8 c ) n 3 8 e 3 8 a 3 9 n

8 4 3 4 ? ?,? 8 4 3 4 ? ?, 8 4 4 5 2 4 . . . 4 . 48, . . . 4 . ? 8 3 8 9 3 5 9 3 3 94 5 9 3 3 4 383 8 383 8, 9 4 8

4 V V ? C 8 a! a! or 8 ;e ;e a . n 1 d 2 a 9 5 4 4

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 ! !& bi at te 9. e eri ti e -r 3 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 3 c ) n 2 e 2 a 6 n

4 ? 3 4 3 83 4 ? 3 4 3 8 8 4 1 5 8 2 . . . 2 . 3,3 . . . 2 . 3 8 ? 2 9 3 9 8 3 8 33 9 8 3 8 3, 333 333 3 3 3

2 = as t M ait e

= ? C 8 ( 2 I $ - B Ba as or 8 5 ! !& bi at te t a . 9. e eri ti e -r M n 1 3 b or bi - c) ait d 8 5 e rc ea e a 1 6 c ) n 6 9 e ? 8 a ? 8 n

8 1 3 1 ? ?,8 8 1 3 1 ? ?, 8 4 1 5 8 1 . . . ? . 96, . . . ? . 8 8 3 5 9 5 ? 4 3 5 88 ? 4 3 5 9 323 3 323 6, 8 8 3

8 F $ )a "t

- ? C 8 ( m or 8 5 !l a . 9. et n 1 3 F d ? 5 a 8 2 1 3

? 3 ? 5

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e

Ba te -r c) ea n

1 8 3 8 3 45 1 8 3 8 3 4 8 ? 6 5 2 1 . . . 6 . 4,? . . . 6 . 5 8 9 9 3 8 6 3 1 63 8 6 3 1 4, 333 333 ? 6 3

91
1 3 1 3 a n 0 tar a n ro y "i ! c & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 4 8 3 8 3 26 4 8 3 8 3 2 8 ? 8 5 8 2 . . . 5 . 4,8 . . . 5 . 6 8 8 5 9 4 2 3 1 68 4 2 3 1 4, 333 333 8 6 8

? - - ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 3 m m or 8 5 3 ! !& bi at te !l !l a . 9. e eri ti e -r et et n 1 3 b or bi - c) , ,, d ? 6 e rc ea , a 1 8 c ) n de 3 3 e &o 2 2 a sit 6 6 n s ? Bo Bo ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba ? ' ' or 8 5 ? ! !& bi at te er er a . 9. e eri ti e -r - -, n 1 3 b or bi - c) d ? 6 e rc ea m a 1 8 c ) n !l 3 3 e et 2 2 a Bo 6 6 n ' er ? G G ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 4 && && or 8 5 4 ! !& bi at te er er a . 9. e eri ti e -r - -, n 1 3 b or bi - c) d ? 6 e rc ea m a 1 8 c ) n !l 3 3 e et 2 2 a G 6 6 n && er ? C - ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 1 o. m or 8 5 1 ! !& bi at te ?? !l a . 9. e eri ti e -r et n 1 3 b or bi - c) ?? d ? 6 e rc ea , a 1 8 c ) n C 3 3 e o. 2 2 a ?? 6 6 n

2 2 3 8 ? 8,6 2 2 3 8 ? 8, 8 ? 8 5 8 2 . . . 8 . 93, . . . 8 . 6 8 8 5 9 ? 4 3 8 44 ? 4 3 8 9 333 8 333 3, 4 4 8

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

4 6 3 8 4 ?8 4 6 3 8 4 ? 8 ? 8 5 8 2 . . . 6 . ?,8 . . . 6 . 8 8 8 5 9 1 ? 3 ? 83 1 ? 3 ? ?, 333 333 8 8 3

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+

1 4 3 4 3 88 1 4 3 4 3 8 8 ? 8 5 8 2 . . . 4 . 8,2 . . . 4 . 8 8 8 5 9 6 8 3 5 48 6 8 3 5 8, 333 333 2 4 8

n Ba Ba ? C 8 ( a ke ke or 8 5 D D a . 9. !" !" n 1 3 a! a! d 3 6 lt lt a 5 4 4 4 2 2

? 4 2 3

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3? ? 9 8 ? 4 5 1 8 . . . ? . 3, 8 8 5 9 2 2 1 31 2 5 333 3 3

92
3 3 3 3 a n 0 tar a n ro y "i ! c & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en tar y .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en tar y bi m o d al ( m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 8 2 36 ? 2 . . . 3 . ?, 393 5 6 333 9 9

n D( D( ? C 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a 46 46 or 8 5 a ! !& bi at te 6 6 a . 9. e eri ti e -r #B #B n 1 3 b or bi - c) D( D( d 3 6 e rc ea 52 52 a 1 3 c ) n % % 8 8 e 8 1 a 9 1 n

1 C or be c

C ? C 8 ( 1 I $ - B Ba or or 8 5 ! !& bi at te be a . 9. e eri ti e -r c n 1 3 b or bi - c) Ba d 2 2 e rc ea c a 3 6 c ) n D 3 6 e !" 3 6 a a! 3 5 n lt Mi ? C 8 ( 9 I $ - B Ba lle or 8 5 ! !& bi at te nb a . 9. e eri ti e -r ac n 1 3 b or bi - c) ) d 3 2 e rc ea a ? 8 c ) n ? ? e ? 6 a ? 5 n

4 8 3 8 3 8,1 4 8 3 8 3 8, 8 4 3 5 1 4 . . . 1 . 33, . . . 1 . 1 8 ? 9 8 8 5 3 9 33 8 5 3 9 3 333 3 333 3, 3 3 3

9 Mi lle nb ac )

1 8 3 8 3 1,8 1 8 3 8 3 1, 8 ? 8 5 1 ? . . . 8 . 41, . . . 8 . 8 8 8 9 2 8 1 3 9 33 8 1 3 9 4 253 3 253 1, 3 3 3

4 H H ? C 8 1 or or or 8 ne ne a . n 4 d 2 a 2 3 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 1 ! !& bi at te 9. e eri ti e -r 3 b or bi - c) ? e rc ea ? c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n

4 3 3 ? 6 28, . . . 1 . 64 ? 3 3 ? 4,3 933 33

3 3 31 ? 4 8 ? ? 5 3 8 . . . . 4 8 2 8 9 4 6 1 3 2 5, 353 8 4 4, 3 3 3 3 3 33 3 ? 8 ? ? 5 3 8 . . . . 2 8 2 8 9 4 ? 5 3 1 3, 333 3 3 3, 3 3 3

4 H H ? C 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 1 or or or 8 5 1 ! !& bi at te ne ne a . 9. e eri ti e -r C C n 4 3 b or bi - c) o. o. d 2 ? e rc ea 2 2 a 2 ? c ) n + +o 3 6 e on ne 3 6 a e 3 5 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

93
? I I ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 2 !e !e or 8 5 2 ! !& bi at te m m a . 9. e eri ti e -r on on n 4 3 b or bi - c) t t d 2 3 e rc ea a 8 5 c ) n 6 5 e ? 5 a ? 8 n .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 4 4 3 4 3 4,5 4 4 3 4 3 4, 8 ? 1 5 3 4 . . . 3 . 33, . . . 3 . 5 8 2 ? 9 8 9 3 3 9 33 9 3 3 9 3 333 3 333 3, 3 3 3

? D D ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 5 el el or 8 5 5 ! !& bi at te do bri a . 8. e eri ti e -r na dg n 4 9 b or bi - c) e d 5 5 e rc ea C a 8 6 c ) n o. 3 6 e ? 2 6 a 6 5 n

3 5 3 6 2 8?, . . . 9 . 68 353 8 8 333

3 5 36 2 8 8 ? 8 5 2 1 . . . 9 . ?, 8 6 ? 8 8 6 353 8 6 333 8 8

? D D ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 8 el el or 8 5 8 ! !& bi at te bri bri a . 8. e eri ti e -r dg dg n 4 9 b or bi - c) e e d 6 6 e rc ea C a 2 2 c ) n o. 3 3 e 4 3 3 a 3 3 n

3 ? 3 ? 4 16 3 ? 3 ? 4 1 8 ? 2 5 2 2 . 3 . 3 . 3,3 . 3 . 3 . 6 8 2 8 8 5 8 8 . 3 9 8 33 8 . 3 9 8 3, 2?3 2?3 3 ? ? 3 3

? 0 M ? C 8 ( ? I $ - B Ba 9 all es or 8 5 9 ! !& bi at te en t a . 8. e eri ti e -r M n 1 9 b or bi - c) ac d 4 2 e rc ea D a 2 1 c ) n on 2 1 e al 2 1 a d, 6 1 n 0 all en 4 M . ? C 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 3 ob o! or 8 5 3 ! !& bi at te r! c) a . 8. e eri ti e -r n ar n 1 8 b or bi - c) d( d 8 6 e rc ea H a 1 6 c ) n eb 1 6 e ert 1 6 a 1 5 n

3 8 3 ? ? ?,6 3 1 3 4 3 8, 8 ? 1 5 2 ? . . . 4 . 58, . . . . ? 8 9 4 8 5 4 3 3 3 2 66 3 1 3 ? 3 353 3 863 3, 3 3 3

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3 8 3 1 ? ?3, . . . 8 . 98 8 ? 3 8 8,4 333 32

3 8 31 ? ? 8 4 3 5 2 . . . 8 . 3, 8 1 8 4 8?3 8 9 333 8 8, 4 3 2

6 . . 4 . 8 ( 6 I $ - B Ba

.l Vo bi - 3 3 3 3 ? ?,6 3 3 3 3 ? ?, 8 ? 8 5 4 1

94
2 o! o! 8 o 8 5 2 ! !& bi at te 6 sA sA 8 !s . 8. 6 e eri ti e -r !e !e A 4 8 b or bi - c) t t ! 2 6 e rc ea C C et 4 5 c ) n o. o. 4 2 e ? ? 4 3 a 4 3 n a k e Ki lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & m! . . . o 333 d 333 al ( m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c ? 68, . . . . 58 3 3 3 3 8 333 ? 6 8 2 . 6 3 8, 5 8 8 8 8

6 . . 4 2 o! o! 8 2 sA sA 8 !e !e t( t( Ba Ba ro ro nd nd e e, D ! m ag a mi

. o !s A ! et

8 8 . 4 2 4 4 4 4

( 6 I $ - B Ba 5 2 ! !& bi at te 8. 2 e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 8 c ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n

3 3 3 6 6 19, . . . 3 . 48 1 3 3 4 9,9 633 8?

3 3 36 6 1 8 ? 8 5 4 8 . . . 3 . 9, 8 2 8 6 ? 133 4 4 633 8 9, 9 8 ?

n Ba Ba 4 . 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a K K 8 o 8 5 a ! !& bi at te on on 8 !s . 8. e eri ti e -r de de A 4 8 b or bi - c) ! 2 8 e rc ea et 4 8 c ) n 4 5 e 4 4 a 4 4 n

.l a k e Ki

Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & .l a k e Ki Vo lca no se di m er en 0 tar ro y ! & V al d7 H r D o m ai n Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m o d al ( m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 36 8 1 . . . 6 . 6, 123 ? 3 633 3 3, 3 3 3

n Mi Mi 4 . 8 ( a c c 8 o 8 5 M M 8 !s . 5. ac ac A 4 2 ! 6 2 et 6 3 6 3 6 3 5 3

? 4 8 8

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 38 3 1 8 ? 3 5 1 3 . . . . 2 8 6 5 1 4 3 3 ? 8, 233 3 3 3

1 Bo Bo ? ? ! ! 2 9 e e ? m m, !r

V al d7 H r

8 8 . 3 9 8 1 1 1

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 5. 9 e eri ti e -r 2 b or bi - c) ? e rc ea 9 c ) n 8 e 8 a 8 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3 4 3 4, 8 2 2 5 1 ? . . . 1 . 1 8 8 5 ? 3 963 6 6 413 3, 3 3 3

95
1 Bo Bo ? 4 ! ! 2 3 ic ic ? o! o! rt rt, I !e be c 1 = = ? ? as as 2 8 t t ? $ $ !ll !ll i i an an , $ !ll ic o 1 M M ? ? an an 2 2 ito ito ? !( !( . . ar ar ! ! e e, 0 ol de n M an ito ! 1 I I ? ? !e !e 2 6 be be ? c( c( M M an an ito ito ! !, I !e ( M an ito ! 1 D D ? ? !n !n 2 5 rai rai ? ne ne V al d7 H r 8 8 . ? 3 1 6 ? ? 8 8 . 3 5 3 8 1 1 ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 4 ! !& bi at te 5. 3 e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 9 e rc ea 2 c ) n 4 e 5 a 8 n ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 5 b or bi - c) 3 e rc ea 9 c ) n 8 e 8 a 8 n V al d7 H r D o m ai n V al d7 H r D o m ai n Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 1 ? 3 4 3 ?2, . . . 9 . ?1 6 2 3 9 6,5 523 ?? 1 ? 34 3 ? 8 6 ? 5 4 8 . . . 9 . 2, 8 1 5 9 1 623 9 ? 523 1 6, 5 ? ?

V al d7 H r

? 3 3 ? 3 ?8, . . . 3 . 92 3 8 3 3 4,3 243 95

? 3 3? 3 ? 8 8 ? 5 8 1 . . . 3 . 2, 8 2 5 4 8 353 4 8 ?93 4 2, 8 4 5

V al d7 H r

8 8 . 3 8 6 6 6 5

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 5. 2 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) ? e rc ea 3 c ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

V al d7 H r D o m ai n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3 1 3 2 3 9,8 3 1 3 2 3 9, 8 2 ? 5 1 1 . . . 1 . 63, . . . 1 . 8 8 4 5 6 6 1 3 3 3 33 1 3 3 3 6 643 3 643 3, 3 3 3

V al d7 H r

8 8 . 3 9 3 4 5 8

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 ? ! !& bi at te 5. 6 e eri ti e -r 2 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 3 c ) n 2 e 2 a 6 n

V al d7 H r D o m ai n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 3? 3 6 8 2 4 5 1 2 . . . 6 . ? 8 2 5 8 3 ? 6 3 ? 1, 283 2 ? ?

V al d7 H

8 8 . 3

( 1 I $ 5 ? ! !& bi 5. 5 e eri ti 2 b or bi

B at e -

Ba te -r c)

V al d7 H

Vo lca no se

bi m g, o d !,

? 3 3 8 3 42 ? 3 3 ? 3 ?, 8 8 4 5 1 8 . . . . 8,5 . . . . 8 8 8 5 8 8 3 3 4 ?? 4 3 3 3 8 933 833 6,

96
r 5 8 8 8 8 8 8 . 2 9 6 6 6 5 6 8 8 8 9 e c rc ea ) n e a n r D o m ai n Li n o* e i s 0 ro ! & di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y al , ( ! m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 8

4 - - ? 8 m m 8 5 os os 3 , Ja y , o& &e r, , on ig o

m os ( M o n & as

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 8. 5 e eri ti e -r 3 b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 8 c ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

? 3 3 1 3 4, 8 1 8 5 1 1 . . . 9 . 8 8 2 8 8 3 483 ? 4 263 8, 6 3 2

n Ja Ja ? - 8 a y y 8 m 8 W4 W4 3 os . ( 2 M 8 o 1 n 1 & 1 as 1 4 M M ? 8 on on 8 8 &a &a 3 s s, -l ba r m os ( M o n & as bc o !r t 8 8 . 6 ? 2 3 3 3 8 8 . 2 4 8 8 8 9

( 5 8. 3 2 3 3 3 3

? ? 9 8

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Li n o* e i s 0 ro ! & Li n o* e i s 0 ro ! & L e n o* e i s 0 ro ! & L e n o* e i

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o + d n al ( m a "i c bi m g, o + d n al (

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 3? 3 1 8 1 3 5 1 3 . . . 2 . 8 8 2 8 5 8 3 1 3 8, 833 3 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 5 e rc ea 3 c ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n ( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 5. 1 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 9 e rc ea 8 c ) n 3 e 2 a 6 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 3 34 3 8 8 1 2 5 2 ? . . . ? . 2, 8 6 8 5 4 4 353 1 3 323 3 3

1 Fr Fr ? 8 eb eb 8 1 er ert 8 t

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 ? 3 ?, 8 1 8 5 8 2 . . . 9 . 8 8 ? 8 5 ? 1 3 9 35 3 6 313 6, 9 8 4

1 P P ? 8 er er 8 8 s) s) 8 co co !r !rt t ,

bc o !r t

8 8 . 2 4 1

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 2 c ) n

Vo lca no se di m

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 3? 3 ? 8 1 4 5 8 6 . . . 3 . 8 8 ? 8 5 ? 3 5 3 ? 3 2, 363 9 5 6

97
, on so lid at ed P er s) co !rt 1 . . ? 3 el" el" 8 8 or ort 1 t , K oy m on t M o g a d or ( . el" or t( . ar a lle e M o g a d or ( . el" or t( . ar a lle e 1 3 1 3 1 3 e a n s en m 0 tar a ro y "i ! c &

8 8 . 8 4 9 8 8 8

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 1 c ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

L e n o* e i s 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 34 3 4 8 4 8 5 8 3 . . . ? . 4 8 2 6 5 ? 4 3 ? 8 6, ?34 8 3 3

1 . . ? 3 ar ar 8 4 a a 1 lle lle e e

8 8 . 8 4 8 6 ? ?

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 5. 4 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 3 c ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

Li n o* e i s 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 35 ? 1 8 4 8 5 8 8 . . . ? . 2 8 2 1 5 3 8 8 6 8 8 6, 1?2 2 4 5

n . . ? - 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a ar ar 8 bc 8 5 a ! !& bi at te ! ! 8 o . 5. e eri ti e -r e e !r 2 6 b or bi - c) t ? 6 e rc ea 5 8 c ) n 2 3 e 3 2 a 3 6 n

L e n o* e i s 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 1 3 8 3 8, . . . ? . 1 323 3 8 233 ?, 6 5 9

1 - . ? - 8 ( 1 I $ - B Ba 3 bc ar 8 bc 8 5 3 ! !& bi at te 2 o! ! 8 o . 5. 2 e eri ti e -r

L Vo bi - 3 1 3 8 3 2,5 3 1 3 5 3 6, 8 1 ? 5 8 1 e lca m g, . . . 8 . 44, . . . 4 . 8 8 ? 8 5 3 2 n no o + 3 4 3 3 ?? 3 4 3 3 8

98
rt e Mi ne , bc o! rt, . ar ! e 1 M M ? 3 og og 8 1 ad ad 1 or or, V en do m e C o. ?, , on so lid at ed M og ad or 4 / Jo ? 8 on ss 1 3 na eli 1 nc n, o! /o rt nn an co !rt , Jo ss eli n( /o nn an co !rt !r 2 6 t 4 5 ? 6 6 1 6 8 5 9 b or bi - c) e rc ea c ) n e a n o* e i s 0 ro ! & se di m en tar y d n 383 al ( m a "i c 6 393 4, 2 ? 8

M o g a d or ( . el" or t( . ar a lle e

8 8 . 8 4 2 2 2 6

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 5. 1 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 6 e rc ea 1 c ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

L e n o* e i s 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 32 ? 8 8 4 1 5 1 8 . . . 8 . 9 8 2 4 5 9 8 8 9 4 4 ?, 639 5 3 3

/ o n n a nc o !r t

8 8 . 8 6 4 2 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 6. 3 e eri ti e -r 9 b or bi - c) 9 e rc ea 4 c ) n 2 e 3 a 3 n

, a st a g ni er 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 1 34 3 2 8 2 8 5 2 1 . . . 6 . 8, 8 ? 2 6 9 1 3?3 1 8 483 1 4

1 /r /ri ? /r 8 ( 1 I $ - B 3 ini nit 8 ini 8 5 3 ! !& bi at 5 ty y 6 ty . 5. 5 e eri ti e 5 5 b or bi 3 6 e rc

Ba te -r c) ea

Vo lca no se di

bi , m !, o + d n al

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 ? 8 8 1 5 8 1 . . . . 1 8 4 3 5 2 6 ? 5 3 3 1, 883 1 2

99
8 1 1 1 1 P Ba ? 3 )e 0 8 6 l& a! 2 s c) D eti od er ge e, P )e l& s D od ge P ) el &s D o d g e 8 9 . 5 5 8 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 c ) n e a n m en tar y ( m a "i c bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 8

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 8. 6 e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 2 c ) n 4 e 5 a 8 n

? 8 3 3 3 ?, 8 8 4 5 9 ? . . . . 6 9 6 9 8 9 ?93 3 3 333 3, 3 3 3

n , , ? P 8 ( a ab ab 8 ) 9 5 er er 2 el . 8. C C &s 5 ? or ort D 8 3 t) ) o 8 8 d 3 5 g 2 4 e 6 4 n , , ? P 8 a ab ab 8 ) 9 er er 2 el . &s 5 D 1 o 1 d 1 g 1 e 1 4 C C ? 9 e e 8 2 ' ' 4 H H os os co co M at a g a mi 8 9 . 5 8 8 1 1 1 ( 5 8. 3 8 1 1 1 1

? 3 5 2

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c M a b a s s e e 0 ro ! & M a b a s s Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 3? 3 8 8 8 2 5 6 ? . 4. 2 . ? 9 8 1 8 5 3 . 3 3 4, 313 6 3 3 3

? 3 5 8

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 2 3 ? 3 ?, 8 8 3 5 2 . . . 3 . 8 9 8 8 123 1 3 ?83 3, 3 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 2 e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 1 e rc ea 8 c ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n

? ? 3 ? 3 ?,8 ? ? 3 9 3 4, 8 8 ? 5 2 2 . . . 3 . 46, . . . . 3 9 5 8 5 3 5 5 3 1 61 6 2 3 1 2 113 2 283 1, 8 1 2

n = = ? M 8 ( a A! A! 8 at 9 5 in in 4 a . 5. o: o: g 5 5 a 8 5 mi 6 5

? 2 4 1

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc )

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !,

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 3 1 3 4, 8 8 8 5 8 8 . 6. 4 . 8 9 8 5 5 6 3 4. 3 8 8 853 8, 8 3 3

100
1 5 8 5 9 8 e a n e en m + e tar a n 0 y "i ro c ! & Ba te -r c) ea n M a b a s s e e 0 ro ! & M a b a s s e e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3

n P P ? M 8 ( a er er 8 at 9 5 se se 4 a . 5. e e g 5 5 ra ra a 2 5 nc nc mi 3 5 e e 2 5 M M 2 5 es es 6 8 t t

? 2 4 8

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

? ? 3 4 3 ?, 8 8 4 5 8 8 . 6. 6 . ? 9 2 5 6 3 4. 3 8 ? ?93 3, 8 3 3 3

n P P ? M 8 ( a er er 8 at 9 5 se se 4 a . 5. e e g 5 5 ra ra a 8 5 nc nc mi 8 4 e e 8 4 8 4 9 4

? 2 4 2

I ! e b e c

$ !& eri or

bi ti bi

B at e rc ) e a n

Ba te -r c) ea n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 32 3 9 8 8 2 5 8 4 . 6. 4 . ? 9 8 6 5 6 3 2 . 3 5 8, 953 3 8 3 3

4 Isl Isl ? 9 e e 8 8 Di Di 4 e! e!

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 5 4 6 9 8 8

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 5 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea 4 c ) n 2 e 3 a 3 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

? ? 3 8 3 4,9 ? ? 3 8 3 4, 8 8 1 5 8 1 . 5 . 3 . 82, . 5 . 3 . 9 9 1 5 5 8 1 3 . 3 2 32 3 . 3 2 8 ?93 6 ?93 2, 3 3 3 2 6

1 By By ? 3 n: n: 8 ? P P 4 ell ell o o ' ' kn kn i"e i"e , H ba sk a

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 6 8 6 6 6 5

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 5. ? e eri ti e -r 5 b or bi - c) 4 e rc ea ? c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 4 8 1 8 5 8 ? . . . . 3 9 8 8 5 1 8 6 1 3 3 8, 323 ? ? 9

4 M M ? M 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba

M Vo bi - 3 8 3 4 3 42, 3 8 3 4 3 4

8 8 ? 5 8 3

101
9 att att 8 at 9 5 9 ! !& bi at te 1 ag ag 4 a . 5. 1 e eri ti e -r a a g 5 5 b or bi - c) mi mi a 4 ? e rc ea Ba Ba mi ? 6 c ) n ke ke 6 6 e , 6 6 a Ba 5 5 n c M att ag a mi 4 . . ? 9 ell ell 8 ? -ll -ll 4 ar ar d d M at a g a mi 8 9 . 6 9 8 5 4 4 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. ? e eri ti e -r 5 b or bi - c) ? e rc ea 8 c ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & lca no se di m en tar y m g, . . . ? . 25 . . . ? . 2, 9 1 8 5 1 o - 2 4 3 8 4,4 2 4 3 8 2 d !, 6 ? 3 69 6 ? 3 5 al , 4, ( !, 4 m+ 6 a n 9 "i c

M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

? ? 3 8 3 1,4 ? ? 3 8 3 1, 8 8 8 5 8 2 . 1 . 1 . 33, . 1 . 1 . 4 9 ? ? 5 4 1 2 . 3 8 33 2 . 3 8 3 353 3 353 3, 5 5 3 3 3

4 Hr Hr ? M 8 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 9 c) c) 8 at 9 5 9 ! !& bi at te 4 an an 4 a . 5. 4 e eri ti e -r g 5 5 b or bi - c) a 3 ? e rc ea mi 8 4 c ) n 1 2 e 1 3 a 1 3 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

? 9 3 1 3 8,2 ? 9 3 1 3 8, 8 8 1 5 8 8 . . . 5 . ?8, . . . 5 . 2 9 4 3 5 4 2 3 8 3 2 16 3 8 3 2 ? 483 5 483 8, 1 6 5

4 . . ? 9 ell ell 8 3 -ll -ll 4 ar ar d d $ $ o! o! t) t)

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 6 8 9 5 4 4

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 3 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 9 e rc ea 8 c ) n ? e 6 a 5 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

? ? 3 3 3 48 ? ? 3 3 3 4 8 8 4 5 8 1 . 2. . ?,1 . 2 . . 8 9 ? 1 5 ? 9 3 . 3 3 ?2 3 . 3 3 ?, 833 833 1 3 3 ? 2

4 C C ? 9 ori ori 8 5 ta ta, 4 K

M at a g

8 9 . 5

( 4 I $ 5 9 ! !& bi 5. 5 e eri ti 6 b or bi

B at e -

Ba te -r c)

Vo lca no se

bi m g, o d !,

? 1 3 4 3 15, . . . 2 . 63 8 5 3 6 2,? 583 68

? 1 34 3 1 8 8 1 5 1 8 . . . 2 . 5, 9 6 2 5 9 2 853 6 6 583 3

102
ad ior e a 5 6 mi 6 4 1 2 8 3 9 3 e c rc ea ) n e a n n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & di m en tar y al , ( !, m+ a n "i c 2, ? 6 8

4 C C ? 9 ori ori 8 8 ta ta 4 = = as as t t

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 5 5 6 1 8 9

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 8 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea ? c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

3 ? 3 8 3 99 3 ? 3 8 3 9 8 8 1 5 1 1 . 3 . 8 . 8,1 . 3 . 8 . 9 9 6 2 5 8 3 8 . 3 8 82 8 . 3 8 8, 8?3 8?3 1 2 2 8 2

4 . . ? 9 ell ell 8 6 , , 4 )a )a nn nn el el C C o. o. ? ?, . ell , )a nn el 1 0 0 ? 3 ar ar 8 3 on on 4 Ba Ba ke ke , Isl e Di e! ( 31 4 K K ? 9 ad ad 8 9 ior ior 4 e e C C o. o. 4 4,

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 5 5 3 3 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 6 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 4 e rc ea 2 c ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 8 8 8 ? 5 1 1 . . . . 4, 9 6 4 5 5 3 923 3 ? 253 3 4

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 5 5 3 4 5 8

( 1 I $ - B Ba 5 3 ! !& bi at te 5. 3 e eri ti e -r 2 b or bi - c) 6 e rc ea 9 c ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n

M at s o n B a k e 0 ro ! & M at s o n B a

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c

? 4 3 ? 3 86 ? 4 3 ? 3 8 8 8 ? 5 1 ? . . . 3 . 5,3 . . . 3 . 6 9 6 1 5 8 ? 8 ? 3 1 88 8 ? 3 1 5, 653 653 3 8 8

M at a g a mi

8 9 . 5 6 3 2

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 5. 9 e eri ti e -r 2 b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 2 c ) n 3 e

Vo lca no se di m en

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+

? ? 3 9 3 ?1 ? ? 3 9 3 ? 8 8 1 5 1 ? . . . . 9,2 . . . . 1 9 2 8 5 1 8 2 1 3 1 81 2 1 3 1 9, 583 583 2 8 1

103
K ad ior e = as t, K ad ior e Gr an = as t 4 0 0 ? 5 on on 1 6 ;a ;a ? g! g! e e Ba Ba ng ng loi loi s s, 0r e et 0 o n; a g ! e B a n gl oi s 2 3 6 3 a n k tar a n e y "i 0 c ro ! &

8 9 . 4 8 1 1 1 1

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 5 ! !& bi at te 6. 6 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 5 e rc ea 3 c ) n 3 e 3 a 3 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3 8 3 1 3 ?3, . . . 5 . 65 8 8 3 ? 1,8 6?3 88

3 5 31 3 ? 8 ? 1 5 8 ? . . . ? . 8, 9 8 6 6 3 4 84? 3 2 ?42 3 3, 3 3 3

n 0r 0 ? 0 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a e on 1 o 9 5 a ! !& bi at te et ;a ? n; . 6. e eri ti e -r . g! a 4 5 b or bi - c) e g 1 2 e rc ea Ba ! 1 3 c ) n ng e 1 3 e loi B 1 3 a s, a 1 3 n 0r n e gl et oi . s n 0r 0 ? 0 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a e on 1 o 9 5 a ! !& bi at te et ;a ? n; . 6. e eri ti e -r M g! a 4 6 b or bi - c) e g 1 6 e rc ea Ba ! 2 5 c ) n ng e 3 4 e loi B 3 4 a s, a 3 4 n 0r n e gl et oi M s n 0r 0 ? 0 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a e on 1 o 9 5 a ! !& bi at te

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m o d al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 9 34 3 8 . . . 8 . 5 2 6 3 3 5, 853 3 3 3

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m o d al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3 1 3 6, . . . 8 . 4 86? 3 3 823 3, 3 3 3

Vo bi lca m

3333 3 3 . . . .

3 8 31 3 ? . . . 2 . ?,

104
et / ot al ;a ? n; . 6. g! a 4 6 e g 1 6 Ba ! 2 5 ng e 3 4 loi B 3 4 s, a 3 4 0r n e gl et oi s , o ni a g as 8 9 . 8 9 8 1 1 1 8 9 . 8 8 6 6 6 5 e eri ti e -r b or bi - c) e rc ea c ) n e a n no se di m en tar y o d al ( m a "i c 333 333 3 823 233 ? 3 3 3, 3 3 3

4 , , ? 5 on on 1 5 ia ia 4 ga ga s s

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 5 ! !& bi at te 6. 5 e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 6 e rc ea 1 c ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n ( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 5 ! !& bi at te 6. 9 e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 2 e rc ea 8 c ) n 1 e 1 a 1 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c

3 ? ? ? 3 5? 3 ? ? ? 3 5 8 4 2 5 9 8 . 3 . 8 . 8,8 . 3 . 8 . ? 9 9 8 6 8 3 . 3 1 3 62 3 . 3 1 3 8, 353 353 8 5 5 6 2

4 = = ? 5 m m 1 9 &ir &ir 4 e e( ( Be Be /a / c, ac = m &ir e Hi l, Be /a c 4 $ $ ? 5 o o 1 8 m m 4 a a -l -lt ta a

, o ni a g as

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 36 3 1 8 4 8 5 9 1 . . . . 4 9 6 8 6 3 4 8 3 3 4, 243 9 6 8

, o ni a g as

8 9 . 8 4 2 4 5 8 8 9 . 8 ? ? 9 8 8

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 5 ! !& bi at te 6. 8 e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 1 e rc ea 6 c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n ( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 2. 8 e eri ti e -r 2 b or bi - c) 4 e rc ea 8 c ) n 3 e 2 a 6 n

Vo lca no se di m en tar y =n ig m ati c

bi + mn o d al ( m a "i c ma g, "i , c !, ( + si n li ci cl a

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 33 3 1 8 4 1 5 8 ? . . . . 4, 9 2 ? 6 4 353 3 3 333 3 3

4 Ba Ba ? 8 Ki Ki 1 8 bo bo 5 !r !r de de , Ba Ki bo !r

B a Ki b o !r d e

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 4 38 3 8 8 8 8 5 1 8 . . . 1 . 3 9 8 1 2 ? ? 1 5 3 3 8, 213 4 8 3

105
de ( $ a! ss !r e n - - 4 B 8 ( n I $ - B Ba a nt nt ? es 9 5 a ! !& bi at te oi oi 6 sa . 8. e eri ti e -r ne ne rd 9 8 b or bi - c) tte tte 1 3 e rc ea #/ 8 3 c ) n -% 5 8 e 4 1 a 4 1 n n M M 4 B 2 ( a ol ol ? es 3 5 eo eo 6 sa . 8. n n, rd 5 5 M 3 9 ol 8 ? eo 1 6 n 1 6 Ba 1 5 ke 8 Be Be 4 9 ss ss ? 3 ar ar 6 d d, D o m er g! e n Fr Fr a ot ot et et Ba Ba ke ke , /r oil !s Ba ke 4 $ $c ? 8 co ott 1 1 tt( ( 6 $ $ el el co co , $ el $ el co ( $ co tt B es sa rd 2 3 . 6 8 ? 6 6 5 2 9 . 6 8 ? 6 6 5 ? 4 9 3 I ! e b e c $ !& eri or bi ti bi B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n st ic

bi m o d al ( m a "i c bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 1 3 ? ? 4, . . . ? . 1 113 9 3 1?3 2, 2 9 8

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 4 31 3 ? 2 8 1 5 8 1 . . . 8 . 8 3 4 3 8 5 3 5 9 3 5 ?, 363 3 3 3

( 8 I $ - B Ba 5 9 ! !& bi at te 8. 3 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 8 e rc ea ? c ) n 6 e 6 a 5 n ( 5 8. 6 8 ? 6 6 5 ? ? 8 2 I ! e b e c $ !& eri or bi ti bi B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 1 3 8 3 ?, 2 1 1 5 1 1 . . . 1 . ? 3 8 3 8 8 3 913 5 3 623 3, 3 3 3

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 4 3 1 3 ?, 2 1 1 5 1 1 . . . ? . 1 9 8 3 8 8 3 593 2 1 163 3, 3 3 3

8 9 . 8 6 8 8 8 8

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 8. 1 e eri ti e -r 6 b or bi - c) 4 e rc ea 9 c ) n 5 e 4 a 4 n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 3? 3 5 8 2 2 5 1 8 . . . 4 . 3 9 ? 4 8 5 5 ? 9 3 1 8, 833 8 9 8

106
co ( $c ott , $c ott Ba ke 4 / /a ? 8 ac c) 1 4 )e e, 2 Ba c . er rig an / ac ) e 8 9 . 9 8 ? 6 6 5 ( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 8. 4 e eri ti e -r 8 b or bi - c) 3 e rc ea 2 c ) n 2 e 2 a 6 n ? 3 8 1 I ! e b e c $ !& eri or bi ti bi B at e rc ) e a n Ba te -r c) ea n =n ig m ati c c

!, + n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3 3 4 ?, 8 2 1 5 4 4 . . . . 8 9 6 3 8 8 3 333 8 6 353 9, 6 6 8

n , , ? / 8 ( a ed ed 1 ac 9 5 ar ar 2 ) . 8. . . e 9 1 ay ay ? 2 , 6 3 , 6 3 )i 6 3 bo 5 3 !g a m a! 4 Be Be ? 8 m m 1 ? oi oi 8 ne ne , P ati no B e m oi n e 8 9 . 5 6 4 4 4 4

bi m !, o , d ! al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 8 9 8 2 3 5 4 3 . . . . 5 9 2 8 ? ? 3 3 8 ?, 333 3 3 3

( 4 I $ - B Ba 5 8 ! !& bi at te 8. ? e eri ti e -r ? b or bi - c) 3 e rc ea 4 c ) n 5 e 5 a 8 n 0 re n il le

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m !, o , d !, al + ( n m a "i c bi m g, o d !, al P ( b, m+ a n "i c g, !, P

8 9 3 3 2 58 8 9 3 3 2 5 8 8 8 5 6 ? . . . . 6,6 . . . . 8 9 2 8 8 3 4 6 3 ? 4? 4 6 3 ? 6, 443 443 6 4 ?

2 C C 4 C 8 ( 2 I 0r =l M M 1 e e 2 e 2 5 1 ! en ; id es ' ' ' . 6. e il e dl o& , , , 5 6 b le i e ro al al al 3 5 e r P te ! ! ! 3 5 c / ro ro m m m 4 2 er te ;o et et et 5 3 ra ro ic 8 3 n ; e oi c 4 M M ? 8 on on 1 6 ta ta 9 !b !b an an M o nt a ! 8 6 . 8 1 ( 4 I 0r $t 5 8 ! en . 4. 6 e il M 1 b le a 8 e !r M id dl e P M es o& ro te

3 6 ? ? 3 1,1 3 2 ? ? 3 1, 8 8 ? 5 8 1 . . . 4 . 89, . . . 4 . 6 2 4 6 3 9 3 3 5 8 6 33 3 9 6 ? 6 8 363 3 326 2, 3 1 2

M o nt a !

Vo lca no se di

3 2 ? ? ? 1,1 3 8 ? 9 ? 1, 8 2 6 5 4 8 . . . 3 . 32, . . . 8 . 8 6 3 4 3 8 3 3 5 1 5 15 3 8 6 6 1 38? 5 322 5, ?

107
, /e tra !lt , M on ta !b an ( le s( Mi ne s b 2 6 a 3 6 n 3 6 3 5 c ic e / e ct o ni c + o n e ro ro te ;o ro ic ; oi c #? 6 3 3( 9 3 3 M a% P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an b a n 0 ro ! & m en tar y b, + n 4 8

1 G G ? G 8 ( 1 I 1 &t &t 2 &t 2 5 1 ! && 8 on on 8 o . 4. 8 e al n 6 6 b ac 5 5 e )i 6 3 c an 1 8 Hr 8 1 og 9 1 en

=n ig m ati c

bi m g, o . d a al $ ( H si 8, li , ci d, cl P a b, st + ic n ma g, "i c !, , !

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 ? 3 ?, 8 8 1 5 8 ? . . . 2 . 3 2 3 2 4 3 2 343 3 3 3?3 3, 3 3 3

1 H H ? 4 !n !n 2 ? tin tin 4 gt gt on on

H ! nti n gt o n( I es

8 2 . 4 6 1 1 1 1

( 1 I 5 4 ! && 4. ? e al 1 b ac 1 e )i ? c an 6 Hr 6 og 5 en

P al e o ; oi c

, a m bri an ( Hr do i ci an , a m bri an ( Hr do i ci an Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

? 3 3 2 3 ?,4 ? 3 3 2 3 ?, 8 ? 8 5 ? 2 . . . . 13, . . . . 4 2 2 8 4 9 8 1 3 3 2 ?2 1 3 3 2 1 333 9 333 3, ? 2 9

1 I I ? H 8 4 es es 2 ! 2 4 4 nti . n 4 gt 9 o 1 n( 1 I 1 es 1

( 1 I 5 4 ! && 4. 4 e al 1 b ac 4 e )i 1 c an 1 Hr 1 og 1 en

P al e o ; oi c

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

m, a ! "i c

? 3 3 3 3 58 4. . . 5 . 33 3 333 ?

? 3 33 3 5 4. . . 8 . 33 3 5 333 ?

8 ? 1 5 ? 4 2 5 6 4 9 8

1 M M ? 1 e e 2 1 m m 5 &) &) re re m m

M e m & )r e

8 2 . ? 8 2

( 1 I 5 1 ! && 4. 1 e al 1 b ac ? e )i 8 c an

P al e o ; oi

Vo lca no se di m

, 1 3 3 3 3 ?,3 ! . . . . 33 333 3 333

1 3 3 3 3 ?, 8 8 8 5 ? 2 . . . . 3 2 4 4 8 ? 332 3 3 333 3, 3 3

108
ag ag og og m 3 ? a 3 6 g 3 5 o g ? 3 6 8 I ! e b e c Hr og en c en tar y 3

n .r .r ? $ 8 ( a o o 2 !" 2 5 m m 1 "ie . 4. &t &t ld 8 ? on on ( 8 3 M 3 8 o 3 1 !lt 3 1 o 3 1 n Hi ll( = !s tis 1 $ $ ? 4 !"" !"" 2 8 iel iel 1 d d, 0r i""i t) $ !" "ie ld ( M o !lt o n Hi ll( = !s tis 8 2 . 1 ? 9 ? 6 5

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

P al e o ; oi c

, a m bri an

m, a ! "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 6 8 4 8 5 6 1 . . . . 1 2 8 8 4 3 5 3 3 3 2, 333 3 3 3

( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 8 e al 9 b ac 2 e )i 9 c an 5 Hr 4 og 4 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3 5 3 9 4 82 3 6 3 8 4 ?, 8 ? 9 5 2 1 . . . ? . 3,3 . . . 1 . 3 2 9 ? 5 2 9 3 2 5 33 8 8 8 6 2 334 588 2, 9 1 8

1 = = ? $ 8 ( 1 I 1 !s !s 2 !" 2 5 1 ! && 5 tis tis 1 "ie . ?. 5 e al ld 1 9 b ac ( ? ? e )i M 8 8 c an o 1 1 Hr !lt 1 1 og o 1 1 en n Hi ll( = !s tis 1 M M ? 4 o! o! 2 2 lto lto 1 n n Hi Hil ll l $ !" "ie ld ( M o 8 2 . 8 4 6 1 ( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 2 e al 8 b ac ? e )i 1 c an 1 Hr

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( ! " el si c

4 3 3 5 3 ?,6 ? 3 3 4 3 8, 8 ? 6 5 2 6 . . . . ?3, . . . . 5 2 9 ? 2 5 3 3 ? 8? 2 3 3 3 8 333 3 533 2, 8 ? 3

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, m+

3 8 3 6 3 1? 3 8 3 6 3 1 8 4 1 5 8 8 . . . 1 . 5,3 . . . 1 . ? 2 2 2 ? 8 8 6 5 8 3 33 6 5 8 3 5, 826 826 3 3 3

109
!lt 8 1 o 9 1 n Hi ll( = !s tis 1 Bi Bi ? 4 ng ng 2 8 'i 'i 8 ck ck , ! &r a( d7 = st ri e( M e e d o n( $ ol b ec , ! &r a( d7 = st ri e( M e e d o n( $ ol b ec , ! &r a( d7 = st ri e( M e e 8 2 . 6 2 2 3 3 3 og en tar a n y "i c

( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 8 e al 1 b ac 8 e )i 1 c an 1 Hr 1 og 1 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 3? 3 1 8 1 ? 5 4 3 . . . 8 . ? 2 9 8 ? 1 6 8 ? 1 5, ?88 2 4 3

1 M M ? 4 ee ee 2 5 do do 8 n n

8 2 . 5 3 8 ? 6 5

( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 5 e al 1 b ac 5 e )i 1 c an 3 Hr 2 og 6 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( d, m, a !, "i + c n

4 3 3 2 3 ?,2 4 3 3 2 3 ?, 8 8 ? 5 4 4 . . . . 98, . . . . 2 2 4 2 ? 4 1 4 8 3 ? 99 4 8 3 ? 9 893 ? 893 8, 9 9 ?

1 , , ? 4 !& !& 2 6 ra ra 8 ( ( d7 d7 = =s str tri ie e

8 2 . 5 5 4 4 4 4

( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 6 e al 1 b ac ? e )i 3 c an 2 Hr 2 og 6 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al .i ( , m, a d, "i , c !, P b,

4 1 3 1 3 4,8 4 4 3 1 3 1, 8 8 4 5 ? 1 . . . 8 . 49, . . . 8 . 3 2 6 3 ? 8 8 5 4 2 2 33 4 9 2 2 9 888 3 534 5, ? 8 3

110
d o n( $ ol b ec 1 $ $ ? 4 ol ol 2 9 be be 8 c c, $ ol be c , o& &e r , ! &r a( d7 = st ri e( M e e d o n( $ ol b ec ,l int o n 8 2 . 8 3 2 3 3 3 ( 1 I 5 4 ! && ?. 9 e al 4 b ac 5 e )i ? c an 6 Hr 6 og 5 en P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an Vo lca no se di m en tar y + n

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

? 8 3 8 3 ?,8 ? 8 3 8 3 ?, 8 8 ? 5 ? ? . . . 9 . 68, . . . 9 . 8 2 8 8 ? 6 8 2 2 6 6 81 2 2 6 6 6 558 4 558 8, 8 1 4

1 Be Be ? 1 dg dg 2 4 e e 2 Ki Ki dg dg e e

8 2 . 4 ? 6 6 6 5 8 2 . 8 2 9 5 4 4

( 1 I 5 1 ! && ?. 4 e al 3 b ac 2 e )i 3 c an 3 Hr 3 og 3 en ( 1 I 5 1 ! && 3. 3 e al 9 b ac 3 e )i 8 c an 1 Hr 1 og 1 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, mP a b, "i + c n ma g, "i c !, ( , si !, li P ci b, cl + a n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 ? 3 1, 8 ? . . . 8 . 5 2 1 918 8 3 232 3, 3 3 3

5 1 3 ?

1 ,l ,li ? 1 int nt 2 3 on on 2 , ,li nt on , o& &e r 1 P , ? 1 an )a 2 ? et m 6 M &a et gn al e, . ell ec )a

,l int o n

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

4 4 3 4 3 ?? 4 ? 3 4 3 ?, 8 4 1 5 2 1 . . . 9 . 8,8 . . . . 6 2 5 2 3 8 3 6 8 8 8 59 3 6 3 3 1 216 631 8, 8 5 9

, ) a m & a g n e

8 6 . 2 8 5 2 3 3

( 1 I 5 1 ! && 3. ? e al 4 b ac ? e )i 9 c an 8 Hr 8 og 8 en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

M a g o g 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 34 4 4 8 1 ? 5 ? ? . . . 3 . 6 6 2 2 3 1 3 8 6 8 ? 1, 382 3 8 8

111
ss e, P an et M et al 8 Fr Fr 4 8 ed ed ? 9 eri eri 2 ck ck so so n n Ba Ba ke ke Fr e d er ic ks o n B ak e 2 2 . 3 2 1 1 1 1 ( 8 I , B = P 6 8 ! )! a ar al 6. 9 e rc br ly eo 4 b )il a P &r 6 e l d ro ot 2 c or te er 3 /r ro o; 3 o ; oi 3 ! oi c g c ) #4 2 3 3( ? 6 3 3 M a% ( 8 I , B = P 6 8 ! )! a ar al 9. 8 e rc br ly eo 9 b )il a P &r 3 e l d ro ot 8 c or te er 1 /r ro o; 1 o ; oi 1 ! oi c g c ) #4 2 3 3( ? 6 3 3 M a% ( 8 I , B = P 6 8 ! )! a ar al 9. 5 e rc br ly eo 8 b )il a P &r 5 e l d ro ot 3 c or te er 3 /r ro o; 3 o ; oi 3 ! oi c g c 0 er id o 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y st ic

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si + li n ci cl a st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 38 3 4 2 1 ? 6 ? 2 . . . 4 . 5 2 4 6 2 8 5 1 3 5 9, 583 8 ? 8

8 Pr Pr 4 8 !d !d ? 8 7H 7H 8 o o m m m m e e C C o. o. ? ?

$ o !c y ( Pr ! d7 H o m m e

2 8 . 4 6 3 3 3 3

ma g, "i c !, ( , si o, li , ci !, cl P a b, st + ic n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 3 4 ? 2, 2 ? 1 6 2 1 . . . 4 . 5 8 2 6 9 8 3 25? 8 1 496 3, 8 4 8

8 $ $ 4 8 o! o! ? 5 cy cy 8 C C o. o. ? ?

$ o !c y ( Pr ! d7 H o

2 8 . 1 4 3 3 3 3

0 er id o 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( o, m, a !, "i Ci c ,

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? 3 ? 4 8, 2 ? ? 6 2 ? . . . 9 . 8 8 9 4 9 4 4 13? 3 2 863 8, 5 ? 2

112
m m e ) #4 2 3 3( ? 6 3 3 M a% 2 5 . 6 6 ? 6 6 5 ( 4 I C 6 8 ! e 9. 2 e ' 8 b I 2 e !e 3 c be 3 c 3 Hr 3 og en = ar ly P ro te ro ; oi c #4 2 3 3( ? 6 3 3 M a% P al e o ; oi c P al eo &r ot er o; oi c B a k e H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y P b, + n

4 . . ? 8 oy oy 1 2 le le 8 n n, L ok e

. oy le n

ma g, "i c !, ( , si !, li P ci b, cl + a n st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 ? 2 ? ?, 2 1 8 6 4 3 . . . 2 . 3 5 9 4 9 5 583 3 6 361 3, 3 3 3

1 K K 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 es es at 5 6 9 e && 5 tig tig ) . 6. 5 ' al o! o! !r 2 2 . ac c) c) st 3 2 r! )i e e, 4 1 n an , 5 8 s Hr )a 5 8 'i og rlo 8 9 c en tte k 0r o! & n / /) 4 . 8 ( a )ir ird at 5 6 d P ) . 6. P ort !r 8 2 or ag st 9 1 ta e 8 1 ge 8 1 8 1 8 1 ? 8 ? 8 C e ' . r! n s 'i c k && al ac )i an Hr og en

Hr do i ci an

/ et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 2 ? ? ?, 8 1 ? 6 1 ? . . . ? . 5 5 3 3 6 1 8 1 1 63 4 2 199 6, 3 3 3

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 8 8 3 1, 8 4 8 6 1 3 . . . 8 . 6 5 9 3 6 4 196 5 1 ?33 3, 3 3 3

1 M M 4 . 8 ( 1 C -

P Hr

/ Vo bi - 3 3 3 6 3 ?,9 3 ? 3 1 3 4

8 1 1 6 4 ?

113
9 !r !r 8 ra ra y y .r .r oo oo k k at ) !r st 5 . 2 4 2 2 2 6 6 9 e && 6. 8 ' al 8 . ac 1 r! )i 1 n an 6 s Hr ? 'i og ? c en k al e o ; oi c do i ci an et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & lca no se di m en tar y m g, . . . o - 333 d !, 3 3 3 al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic bi , m! o d al ( si li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic . 33, . . . 8 . 1, 5 ? 4 6 6 5 33 8 5 6 ? 8 3 89? 3 3, 3 3 3

1 D D 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 e e at 5 6 9 e && 3 il7s il7s ) . 6. 3 ' al =l =l !r 8 1 . ac bo bo st 1 9 r! )i ' ' 3 9 n an 8 ? s Hr 1 6 'i og 1 5 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 8 8 4 2 6 4 2 . . . . 5 5 2 ? 6 1 5 3 3 3 3 ?, 833 5 8 8

1 H H 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 al" al" at 5 6 8 e && 8 mi mi ) . 6. 8 ' al le le !r 1 1 . ac Ba Ba st 3 ? r! )i ke ke 6 6 n an C 1 6 s Hr ort 8 6 'i og ), 9 5 c en H k al" Mi le C ort ) n H H 4 . 8 ( n C a al" al" at 5 6 a e && Mi Mi ) . 6. ' al le le !r 1 1 . ac C C st 3 ? r! )i or ort 3 6 n an t) ) 3 6 s Hr 3 6 'i og 3 5 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 4 8 3 8, 8 ? 4 6 ? 3 . . . 3 . ? 5 8 1 6 9 ?99 3 2 94? 2, 2 3 3

P al e o ; oi c

Ba te Hr do i ci an

/ et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bim odal ( silici clast ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 38 3 5 . . . . 8 1 9 8 4 9, 925 4 2 3

1 , , 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 ari ari at 5 6 8 e && ? bo bo ) . 6. ? ' al

P Hr al do e i

/ Vo bi - ? 8 4 1 3 ?,? 3 8 ? 2 ? 5 8 1 8 6 ? 8 et lca m g, . . . . 45, . . . ? . 3, 5 1 1 6 5 8 a no o - ? 6 4 4 13 2 1 6 5 3

114
! ! !r 2 4 st 6 9 ? 6 9 6 8 6 8 5 . r! n s 'i c k ac )i an Hr og en o ci ; an oi c g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) se di m en tar y d al ( si li ci cl a st ic !, 3 1 9 , !, P b, + n 3 333 3 3, 3 3 3

1 M M 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 c c at 5 6 9 e && 1 M M ) . 6. 1 ' al as as !r 6 4 . ac te ter st 3 1 r! )i r 5 6 n an 5 9 s Hr 5 8 'i og 8 8 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d ! al ( si li ci cl a st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 3? 3 ? 8 1 4 6 ? ? . . . 3 . 8 5 6 8 6 8 1 5 3 3 1 3 1, 333 3 3 3

1 $t $t 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 ra ra at 5 6 9 e && 9 c) c) ) . 6. 9 ' al en en !r 8 4 . ac s s st 6 1 r! )i Ba Ba ? ? n an ke ke ? ? s Hr .r .r ? ? 'i og oo oo ? ? c en k k k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 33 3 2 8 4 8 6 ? 2 . . . . 3 5 5 3 6 1 4 5 6 6 3 3, 333 3 3 3

1 , , 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 )e )e at 5 6 8 e && 1 st st ) . 6. 1 ' al er er !r 3 4 . ac st 9 4 r! )i 8 9 n an 8 8 s Hr 8 8 'i og 9 8 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o P d b, al + ( n si li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n si li

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 33 3 ? 8 2 2 6 ? 8 . . . . 6, 5 6 6 1 6 5?3 3 4 595 1 8, 8 8 3

1 Hr Hr 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 a a at 5 6 8 e && 9 n n ) . 6. 9 ' al .r .r !r 6 ? . ac oo oo st 4 1 r! )i k k 8 6 n an 1 1 s Hr 1 8 'i og

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 11 3 ? 8 1 8 6 8 ? . . . 8 . 8 5 5 4 6 ? 3 1 4 3 ?, 332 8 8 3

115
1 9 c en k e y 0 ro ! & P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic 3 5 1 8 3 4,1 3 5 1 8 3 4, 8 ? 4 6 8 1 . . . 1 . 25, . . . 1 . 1 5 8 8 6 1 9 ? 3 9? 1 9 ? 3 2 848 2 848 5, 9 ? 2

1 $t $t 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 ra rat at 5 6 8 e && 2 tm m ) . 6. 2 ' al at at, !r 1 ? . ac . st 3 1 r! )i o! 5 8 n an nd 5 ? s Hr ar 5 6 'i og y( 8 5 c en H k ea t) $t ee le C( 2 n / /o 4 . 8 ( a o m at 5 6 m og ) . 6. og on !r 1 ? on o& st 3 1 o& s, 8 8 s, $t 8 ? $t rat 8 6 ra m 9 5 tm at at 6? 6? 8 M M 4 . 8 3 ed ed at 5 ? ge ge ) . !r 1 st 9 6 ? ? ? ? 8 4 1 C e ' . r! n s 'i c k && al ac )i an or og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

/ et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci +

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 6 4 1 3 4, 8 ? 1 6 8 1 . . . 4 . 3 5 8 4 6 248 3 8 998 3, 3 3 3

( 8 C 6 3 e && 6. ? ' al ? . ac 1 r! )i 4 n an 5 s Hr 5 'i og 8 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

4 3 3 ? 3 ?,2 4 3 3 ? 3 ?, 8 4 8 6 5 2 . . . . 31, . . . . 2 5 1 6 6 8 ? 8 4 3 83 ? 8 4 3 3 568 3 568 1, 8 3 3

1 , , 4 . 8 ( 1 C 5 an an at 5 6 5 e && 9 oe oe ) . 6. 9 ' al Ba Ba !r 8 ? . ac nd nd st ? 3 r! )i in in 3 8 n an g g 2 8 s Hr Ba Ba 2 8 'i og ke ke 6 8 c en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? 31 ? 4 8 4 1 6 6 ? . . . 3 . 3, 5 8 8 6 6 286 ? 1 648 8 3, 3 3 3

116
k 0 ro ! & P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y cl n a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic 3 5 ? 8 3 1,2 3 5 4 2 3 4 8 ? 4 6 2 ? . . . ? . 61, . . . 8 . ?, 5 5 8 6 1 6 ? 6 4 61 8 8 8 3 8 669 5 869 5 8, 6 1 5

1 H H 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 ea ea at 5 6 8 e && 6 t) t) ) . 6. 6 ' al $t $t !r 4 3 . ac ee ee st 9 8 r! )i le le ? 6 n an -, -, ? 9 s Hr ,, ,, ? 8 'i og D D ? 8 c en + +o k on ne e , -( ,( D +o ne 1 K K 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 oc oc at 5 6 9 e && 8 ky ky ) . 6. 8 ' al / /! !r 6 3 . ac !r rn st 1 5 r! )i n 1 ? n an 3 6 s Hr 2 6 'i og 6 5 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

/ et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 5 ?5 3 ? 8 1 2 6 8 ? . . . 9 . 8 5 5 9 6 8 1 3 2 3 3, 333 3 3 3

1 -r -r 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 m m at 5 6 9 e && ? str str ) . 6. ? ' al on on !r 6 3 . ac g g st 3 8 r! )i ? 2 n an 1 4 s Hr 8 5 'i og 9 8 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 1 3 1, 8 1 2 6 4 8 . . . . 8 5 6 6 1 1?1 3 6 189 3, 3 3 3

8 H H 4 . 8 ( 8 C 2 ea ea at 5 6 2 e && 8 t) t) ) . 6. 8 ' al $t $t !r 4 3 . ac ee ee st 9 8 r! )i le le 9 8 n an . . 8 ? s Hr + +o 8 6 'i og on ne 8 5 c en e , k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3 8 ? 6 3 4?, . . . 6 . 11 9 8 5 3 5,2 845 94

3 8 ?6 3 4 8 ? 2 6 4 1 . . . 6 . ?, 5 5 8 6 9 985 3 1 845 1 5, 2 9 4

117
. +o ne 1 C C 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 e& e& at 5 6 9 e && 2 isi isi ) . 6. 2 ' al g! g! !r 1 3 . ac it it st 5 4 r! )i 2 6 n an 3 6 s Hr 3 6 'i og 3 5 c en k P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n si li ci cl a st ic bi , m !, o P d b, al + ( n " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 3 ? 3 4, 8 4 1 6 ? 1 . . . 3 . 9 5 4 3 6 6 412 3 3 68? 1, 3 8 3

n / /a 4 . 8 ( a ay yl at 5 6 lor or ) . 6. .r .r !r 1 3 oo oo st 2 ? k k 5 9 5 8 5 8 8 8

? 8 ? 8

C e ' . r! n s 'i c k

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 46 3 8 8 4 4 6 ? ? . . . 8 . 8 5 ? 8 6 3 3 3 3 3 3, 333 3 3 3

n C C 4 . 8 ( a or ort at 5 6 t) ) ) . 6. . . !r 1 3 o! o! st ? 3 nd nd 6 3 ar ar 6 3 y y 6 3 5 3

? 1 ? 6

C e ' . r! n s 'i c k

&& al ac )i an or og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 9 13 3 8 8 ? 3 6 3 3 . . . . 2 5 9 6 6 3 3 3 2, 333 3 3 3

1 Ci Ci 4 . 8 ( 1 C 9 ne ne at 5 6 9 e && 4 Mi Mi ) . 2. 4 ' al le le !r 1 9 . ac .r .r st 9 4 r! )i oo oo ? 4 n an k k, 1 5 s Hr Bo 8 5 'i og ! 9 8 c en ic k o! rt, C e '

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, si P li b, ci + cl n a st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? ?9 ? ? 8 4 4 6 2 4 . . . ? . 1 5 1 9 2 2 4 8 3 4 3 1, 431 1 2 8

118
.r !n s 'i ck 8 H H 4 . 8 ( 8 C 3 ea ea at 5 6 3 e && 3 d d ) . 2. 3 ' al ' ' !r 8 9 . ac ay ay st 8 3 r! )i 6 3 n an 6 4 s Hr 6 5 'i og 5 8 c en k P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, m+ a n "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 ? 6 44 3 4 8 4 8 6 2 ? . . . ? . 6 5 6 8 2 8 8 4 ? 3 1, 133 ? 3 3

1 P P 4 . 8 ( 9 a& ab at 5 6 6 in in ) . 2. ea ea !r 8 8 ! ! st 8 9 Ki 2 8 e 2 1 r 2 1 6 1

? 1 1 1

C e ' . r! n s 'i c k

&& al ac )i an or og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi P m b, o + d n al ( si li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n si li ci cl a st ic

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 33 3 ? 8 4 8 6 2 2 . . . . 1 5 6 ? 2 1 8 3 6 8 3 6, 325 3 8 3

1 .r .r 4 . 8 ( 1 C 5 !n !n at 5 6 5 e && 6 s s ) . 2. 6 ' al 'i 'i !r 8 8 . ac ck ck st 5 9 r! )i C C 8 3 n an o. o. 8 3 s Hr ?4 ?4 8 3 'i og 8 3 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3 8 1 9 3 ?4 3 8 1 9 3 ? 8 4 4 6 2 4 . . . 9 . 8,6 . . . 9 . 4 5 8 8 2 1 8 1 8 2 3 69, 1 8 2 3 8, 192 33 1 9 2 6 3 6 9, 3 3 3

1 , , 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 a& a& at 5 6 8 e && 4 tai tai ) . 2. 4 ' al n n !r 4 8 . ac C C st 9 8 r! )i or ort 8 6 n an t) ) 8 ? s Hr = =: 8 ? 'i og :t te 8 ? c en en ns k si io on n

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 46 3 8 8 ? 8 6 2 ? . . . 9 . 4 5 5 3 2 1 3 3 6 3 3 2, 333 3 3 3

119
1 , , 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 a& a& at 5 6 8 e && 3 tai tai ) . 2. 3 ' al n n !r 4 8 . ac st 8 5 r! )i 1 6 n an 8 9 s Hr 8 8 'i og 9 8 c en k P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o ! c ) e 0 ro ! & / et a g o Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m !, o , d ! al ( si li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n si li ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o , d !, al P 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 4 3 33 3 ? 8 ? 4 6 2 1 . . . . 5 5 5 2 4 5 ? 3 3 2 8, 433 9 ? 8

1 Fl Fl 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 at at at 5 6 8 e && 8 Ba Ba ) . 2. 8 ' al nd nd !r 1 8 . ac in in st 8 5 r! )i g g ? 6 n an .r .r 6 6 s Hr oo oo 6 6 'i og k k 5 5 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 2 ? 4 3 ?, 8 4 2 6 2 1 . . . 1 . 4 5 4 8 2 4 6 364 3 5 149 3, ? 3 3

1 - - 4 . 8 ( 1 C 5 !s !s at 5 6 5 e && 8 tin tin ) . 2. 8 ' al .r .r !r 1 8 . ac oo oo st 9 4 r! )i k k 5 1 n an 5 1 s Hr 5 1 'i og 8 1 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 ?1 3 9 8 4 2 6 8 4 . . . 8 . 3 5 1 4 2 9 8 3 9 8 3 5, 316 4 3 3

1 .r .r 4 . 8 ( 1 C 5 !n !n at 5 6 5 e && 5 s s ) . 2. 5 ' al 'i 'i !r 8 8 . ac ck ck st ? 4 r! )i C C 3 ? n an o. o. 3 1 s Hr 6 6 3 8 'i og 3 9 c en k

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3 2 4 6 3 ?4, . . . 5 . ?4 1 8 ? 3 2,3 916 33

3 2 46 3 ? 8 4 1 6 8 ? . . . 5 . 4, 5 8 6 2 9 5 18? 3 ? 916 4 2, 3 3 3

1 L L 4 . 8 ( 1 C 8 ey ey at 5 6 8 e && 5 - ) . 2. 5 ' al na na !r 8 5 . ac co co st 1 3 r! )i

P al e o ;

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 1 9 3 ?, 8 4 ? 6 8 3 . . . 1 . ? 5 6 3 2 4 411 3 8 ?82 9, 3

120
n n 6 ? ? ? 3 3 3 3 n s 'i c k an Hr og en oi c ! c ) e 0 ro ! & = oc a m bri an m en tar y ( b, si + li n ci cl a st ic bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+ a n "i c , ol d br o o k 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o , d !, al + ( n si li ci cl a st ic 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 3

n $t $ti a irli rli ng ng

8 2 . 5 4 5 5 5 8 2 4 . 9 1 8 3 2 6 / e a ) a n 8 2 . 5 ? 1 8 8 9

( 6 3. 8 1 5 2 3 3 ( 6 3. 8 2 6 9 8 8

? C 1 o && 9 al 5 a ac $ )i c an ot Hr ia og en ? 4 8 4 C e '" o ! n dl a n d

P al e o ; oi c

3 2 ?6 9 9 8 8 8 6 4 ? . . . 9 . 9 2 1 3 3 6 2 6 2 1 6 2, 633 9 9 3

n M M a ck ck en en ;i ;i e e, P eg

= ar ly P ro te ro ; oi c

P al eo &r ot er o; oi c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 3 ? 3 1, 2 2 ? 6 4 4 . . . 9 . 6 4 6 5 3 5 2 283 4 9 283 2, 3 3 3

8 / /e ? 3 ea a) 5 4 )a an 6 n

( 8 C - - B C 6 3 e && at eo 8. 4 '" al al e &r 9 o ac o P ot 8 ! )i n ro er 8 n an + te o; 8 dl Hr o ro oi 8 a og n ; c 9 n en e oi d c #9 3 3( 2 5 3 M a% ( 1 C - H P , 2 6 e && ! al a 8. ? '" al m e m 1 o ac b o bri 3 ! )i er ; an 5 n an + oi ( 5 dl Hr o c Hr 5 a og n do 8 n en e i d ci an

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? 3? 3 ? 8 8 2 6 2 4 . . . . 4 2 4 3 8 9 3 8 8 3 3 4, 663 8 5 4

1 P P ? 6 or or 6 ? k k 5 H H ar ar bo bo !r !r

P or k H ar b o !r

8 9 . 3 8 8 3 2 6

. Vo m , 1 5 3 3 3 82, a lca a !, . . . . 16 y nic "i + 2 3 3 3 3 o" c n 333 Is la n d s , o

4 2 33 3 1 8 4 2 2 ? 4 . . . . 3 9 1 8 8 8 ? 3 3 3 ?, 643 ? 9 3

121
m &l e : 1 $t $t ? 5 ric ric 5 3 kl kl 4 an an d d $t ric kl a n d 8 5 . 8 3 9 8 8 8 ( 1 C - D P 2 5 e && ! al 8. 3 '" al n e 4 o ac n o 9 ! )i a ; 6 n an g oi 6 dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e ? 4 6 8 C e '" o ! n dl a n d && al ac )i an Hr og en D ! n n a g e + o n e D ! n n a g e + o n e P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an . a y d ! C or d 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o P d b, al + ( n " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 3 2 3 ?, 8 8 1 2 ? 8 . . . 6 . 3 5 8 8 8 5 8 342 3 4 366 2, 3 3 3

n Bo Bo ? / 8 ( a ng ng 6 !l 8 2 Ba Ba 9 ks . 5. ke ke 8 ? 4 6 2 9 4 5 5 4 8 4

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? ? ?1 3 9 8 4 1 2 ? ? . 3. 1 . 5 8 2 ? 5 3 ? 5 . 1 8 3, 393 3 3 3 3

n . . ? / 8 ( a ob ob 6 !l 8 2 by by 9 ks . 6. 7s 7s 6 8 P P 8 1 on on 3 8 d d 2 8 2 8 6 9

? 3 6 4

C e '" o ! n dl a n d

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 6 3 ? 3 ?, 8 1 4 2 2 4 . . . 5 . 4 8 8 6 6 3 3 395 3 1 6?? 3, 3 3 3

1 / /! ? / 8 ( 1 C - D P 6 !l lk 6 !l 8 2 6 e && ! al 8 ks s 9 ks . 5. 8 '" al n e Hi Hil 2 4 o ac n o ll l, ? 3 ! )i a ; /! 8 ? n an g oi lk 5 9 dl Hr e c s 4 8 a og + 4 8 n en o d n e 1 / /! ? / 8 ( 1 C - D P 6 !l lk 6 !l 8 2 6 e && ! al 2 ks s 9 ks . 5. 2 '" al n e = = 2 ? o ac n o as as 1 1 ! )i a ;

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 2 38 3 5 8 1 2 2 ? 5 . . . ? . 2 8 3 1 5 4 1 2 3 8 3, 333 3 3 3

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di

bi m g, o d !, al ,

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 3 9 3 6, 8 1 ? 2 5 2 . . . . 4 8 4 2 5 8 411 3 1 813 3, 3

122
t t 5 2 3 3 ? 6 6 5 n dl a n d an Hr og en g oi e c + o n e D ! n n a g e + o n e D ! n n a g e + o n e P al e o ; oi c Hr do i ci an a k e 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & m en tar y ( " el si c !, P b, + n 3 3

n / /! ? / 8 ( a !l lk 6 !l 8 2 ks s 9 ks . 5. = = 2 ? as as 1 1 t t 2 ? . . 2 6 2 6 6 5

? 2 6 4

C e '" o ! n dl a n d

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 ?2 3 4 8 1 8 2 5 2 . . . 9 . 1 8 4 5 8 6 6 4 ? 3, 696 3 3 3

n / /! ? / 8 2 a !l lk 6 !l 8 5. ks s 9 ks . ? = = 2 4 as as 1 8 t t 6 3 , , 9 2 8 6 8

? 2 6 1

C e '" o ! n dl a n d

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m! o E d + al n ( E " P el b si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 3 3 3 3 ?, 8 1 ? 2 5 8 . . . . 3 8 4 1 5 ? 333 3 3 333 3, 3 3 3

1 $ $k ? 8 ki id 6 8 dd de 4 er r

$ ki d d er

8 8 . 5 4 2 3 3 3

( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. 8 '" al n e 9 o ac n o ? ! )i a ; 6 n an g oi 6 dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e ? 3 5 3 C e '" o ! n dl a n d && al ac )i an Hr og en D ! n n a g e + o n e P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

. Vo m , 3 3 3 3 3 3 ! lca a !, . . . . c nic "i + 3 3 3 3 ) c n 333 a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n g, , !, 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

4 4 33 3 9 8 8 1 2 2 3 . . . . 3 8 1 3 6 2 3 3 3 3 3, 333 3 3 3

n . . ? . 8 ( a !c !c 6 !c 8 2 )a )a 3 ) . 6. ns ns a 8 8 Mi Mi ns 4 2 ne ne 5 5 4 2 4 3 4 3

Hr do i ci an

? ? 5? ? 2 8 8 1 2 2 4 . 8. 4 . 6 8 9 8 6 ? 5 1 . 5 8 6 5, 591 5 5 8 4

1 ,l ,l ? 8 e e 6 2 m m 3 en en

. !c ) a

8 8 . 8

( 1 C - D 2 8 e && ! 6. 2 '" al n 9 o ac n

P al e o

Hr do i ci

Vo lca no se

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 8 4? 3 1 8 8 1 2 2 3 . . . 3 . 6 8 9 1 6 2 1 9 6 3 1, 333 3

123
tin tin e e ns 4 2 8 1 1 ? 6 6 6 5 ! n dl a n d )i an Hr og en a ; an g oi e c + o n e Hr do i ci an a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & . ! c ) a n di m en tar y P b, + n 3 3

1 M M ? 1 ac ac 6 8 Be Be 3 an an

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 4 2 2 2 6

( 1 C - D P 2 1 e && ! al 6. 8 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 1 n an g oi 1 dl Hr e c 1 a og + 1 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. 3 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 5 ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi ? dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 1 e && ! al 6. 9 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 6 ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 8 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. 6 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 4 n an g oi 4 dl Hr e c 4 a og + 4 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. ? '" al n e 8 o ac n o 1 ! )i a ; ? n an g oi

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " P el b, si + c n g, !, , !, P b, + n g, !, , !, P b, + n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !,

? ? 5 ? 3 1,6 ? ? 5 ? 3 1, 8 8 1 2 2 3 . 1 . 4 . 21, . 1 . 4 . 6 8 9 4 6 1 ? . 1 8 9 83 ? . 1 8 9 2 644 4 644 1, 3 3 8 3 4

1 K K ? 8 ot ot 6 3 )e )e 3 r rm m er er e e

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 4 4 4 4 4

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

? ? 5 ? ? 6,2 ? ? 5 ? ? 6, 8 8 4 2 2 8 . 4 . 4 . 39, . 4 . 4 . 2 8 9 3 6 4 2 ? . 5 1 3 ?6 ? . 5 1 3 3 654 3 654 9, 8 8 ? 6 3

1 B! B! ? 1 ck ck 6 9 y y 3 $t $t rik rik e e

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 ? 8 8 8 9

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

? ? 5 ? ? 5,3 ? ? 5 ? ? 5, 8 8 8 2 2 ? . 2 . 3 . 98, . 2 . 3 . 3 8 9 6 4 3 1 . 4 3 2 64 1 . 4 3 2 9 849 9 849 8, 6 6 6 4 9

1 Hl Hl ? 8 d d 6 6 . . 3 !c !c )a )a ns ns

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 1 3 2 2 6

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

? ? 5 ? ? 43 ? ? 5 ? ? 4 8 8 2 2 2 1 . 4 . 2 . 2,3 . 4 . 2 . 3 8 9 3 6 3 4 1 . 4 9 8 88 1 . 4 9 8 2, 598 598 3 2 2 8 8

1 Hr Hr ? 8 ie ie 6 ? nt nt 3 al al

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 4 9

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m

? ? 5 ? ? 1,1 ? ? 5 ? ? 1, 8 8 8 2 8 2 . 8 . 8 . 45, . 8 . 8 . 1 8 9 2 6 9 2 8 . 9 3 8 ?4 8 . 9 3 8 4 5?3 8 5?3 5, 8 8 ? 4

124
? 9 6 8 5 8 dl Hr e c a og + n en o d n e Hr do i ci an s en " P 0 tar el b, ro y si + ! c n & . ! c ) a n s 0 ro ! & Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y g, !, , !, P b, + n bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, " + el n si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 8

1 $ $ ? 8 an an 6 5 d"i d"i 3 ll ll

. !c ) a ns

8 8 . 8 1 6 6 6 5

( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. 5 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 4 ! )i a ; 2 n an g oi 3 dl Hr e c 3 a og + 3 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 6 e && ! al 6. 4 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 5 n an g oi 5 dl Hr e c 5 a og + 8 n en o d n e

? 9 88 3 5 8 2 ? 2 8 1 . . . 6 . 4, 8 3 4 6 9 3 848 5 2 333 5 6

1 D D ? 6 !c !c 6 4 k k 8 P P on on d d, /a lly P on d

D !c k P o n d( . o ! n d ar y D !c k P o n d( . o ! n d ar y / er ra C o a

8 9 . 6 1 8 8 8 8

, a m bri an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

1 6 3 5 3 1, 8 1 8 2 4 ? . . . ? . 8 9 8 6 9 6 283 3 6 943 3, 3 3 3

1 . . ? 6 o! o! 6 1 nd nd 8 ar ar y y

8 8 . 6 2 6 ? ? ?

( 1 C - D P 2 6 e && ! al 6. 1 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 6 n an g oi 1 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e

, a m bri an

Vi ct or ia B a k e 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi m g, o , d !, al P ( b, " + el n si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

1 8 ?1 3 2 8 1 4 2 4 8 . . . 8 . 3 8 9 4 6 6 5 2 3 3 3 3, 333 3 3 3

1 / /e ? 6 er rr 6 3 ra a 6 C C o o a a

8 9 . 9 4 ? 6 6 5

( 1 C - D P 2 6 e && ! al 6. 3 '" al n e 4 o ac n o 4 ! )i a ; 8 n an g oi 1 dl Hr e c 1 a og + 1 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

- Vo m , d lca a ! nic "i o c c at e , o m &l e :

4 3 3 3 3 44 4 3 3 3 3 8 8 2 ? 2 ? 8 . . . . 6,5 . . . . 2 9 2 8 6 1 4 4 3 3 3 33 1 3 3 3 1, 233 133 2 3 3

125
1 Ba Ba ? 5 ke ke 5 4 . . 1 on on d d 0 !ll br id g e( B ak e . o n d Bit tle . ay 8 9 . 3 4 6 6 6 5 ( 1 C - D P 2 5 e && ! al 6. 4 '" al n e ? o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 6 n an g oi 1 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e Hr do i ci an K o b er t7s r m 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m !, o + d n al ( " el si c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333 3 4 3 3 3 ?, 8 ? 1 2 ? ? . . . . ? 9 6 6 ? ? 1?3 3 3 343 3, 3 3 3

1 K K ? 2 en en 6 2 de de 2 ll( ll( Ja Ja ck ck m m an an

8 9 . 2 6 ? 6 6 5

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 2 '" al n e ? o ac n o 5 ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 8 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

B Vo m - 1 3 3 3 ? ?3, ! lca a !, . . . . 33 s nic "i , 3 3 3 3 3 ) c ! 333 s .i g )t 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c 3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

1 3 33 ? ? 8 1 8 2 ? 8 . . . . 3, 9 1 4 6 3 6 333 3 3 333 3 3

1 0r 0r ? 6 ea ea 5 5 t t 3 . . !r !r nt nt Ba Ba ke ke

0 re at . !r nt B ak e( $ o !t ) P o n d 0 re at . !r nt B ak e( $ o !t ) P o n

8 8 . 1 1 3 2 2 6

( 1 C - 0 P , 2 6 e && a al a 6. 5 '" al n e m ? o ac d o bri 6 ! )i er ; an 6 n an + oi ( 6 dl Hr o c Hr 6 a og n do 5 n en e i d ci an

4 3 33 3 6 8 ? 2 2 ? 3 . . . . 8 8 9 3 6 3 2 3 3 3 3, 333 3 3 3

1 $ $ ? 6 o! o! 5 6 t) t) 3 P P on on d d

8 8 . 8 1 3 4 5 8

( 1 C - 0 P , 2 6 e && a al a 6. 6 '" al n e m ? o ac d o bri 1 ! )i er ; an 6 n an + oi ( 9 dl Hr o c Hr 8 a og n do 8 n en e i d ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 3 33 3 4 8 4 8 2 8 ? . . . . 5 8 2 9 6 1 3 3 3 3 3, 333 3 3 3

126
d 1 0 0 ? 5 !ll !ll 5 ? bri bri 1 dg dg e e 0 !ll br id g e( B ak e . o n d K a m bl er 8 9 . ? 9 6 6 6 5 ( 1 C - D P 2 5 e && ! al 6. ? '" al n e ? o ac n o 2 ! )i a ; 2 n an g oi 3 dl Hr e c 3 a og + 3 n en o d n e Hr do i ci an K o b er t7s r m 0 ro ! & P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro Vo lca no se di m en tar y Vo lca no se di m en tar y bi , m! o d al ( m a "i c ? 3 3 3 3 1,3 ? 3 3 3 3 1, 8 ? 8 2 9 ? . . . . 33, . . . . 3 9 ? 8 6 8 ? 3 3 3 33 ? 3 3 3 3 333 3 333 3, 3 3 3

1 .i .i ? 2 g g 6 4 K K 1 a a m m bl bl er er P P on on d d

8 9 . 8 8 ? 9 8 8

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 4 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi ? dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

, ? 3 3 3 3 82, ! . . . . 33 433 3 3 333

? 3 33 3 6 8 2 2 2 2 4 . . . . 3, 9 4 2 6 ? 433 3 3 833 3 3

n K K ? K 8 ( a a a 6 a 9 2 m m 1 m . 6. bl bl bl 8 3 er er er 9 8 M M ? 4 ai ai 6 2 n n 6 3 , , 5 3

? 3 5 1

C e '" o ! n dl a n d

&& al ac )i an Hr og en

D ! n n a g e + o n e

P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

ma g, "i c !, , !, + n

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

? 4 34 2 2 8 2 1 2 8 2 . . . 1 . 5 9 1 3 6 5 1 ? 3 ? 4, 363 3 3 3

1 Mi Mi ? 2 ng ng 6 3 , 1 K a m bl er Mi ng

K a m bl er

8 9 . 9 ? 1 8 8 9

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 3 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 3 n an g oi 2 dl Hr e c 2 a og + 6 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

g, !, , !

1 3 3 4 4 ?,9 4 3 3 8 ? 2, 8 2 2 2 8 2 . . . 4 . 9?, . . . . 8 9 8 3 6 3 6 3 3 8 29 2 3 3 3 8 633 4 133 2, ? 9 4

127
! & 1 Mi Mi ? 2 ng ng 6 3 , 1 K a m bl er Mi ng K a m bl er 8 9 . 9 ? 1 8 8 9 ( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 3 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; 3 n an g oi 2 dl Hr e c 2 a og + 6 n en o d n e Hr do i ci an P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & P a c A ! et H ar b o !r 0 ro ! & Vo lca no se di m en tar y g, !, , ! 1 3 3 4 4 ?,9 4 3 3 8 ? 2, 8 2 2 2 8 2 . . . 4 . 9?, . . . . 8 9 4 3 6 3 6 3 3 8 29 2 3 3 3 8 633 4 133 2, ? 9 4

1 = = ? 2 as as 6 ? t t, 1 K a m bl er = as t

K a m bl er

8 9 . 9 3 ? 1 8 9

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. ? '" al n e 3 o ac n o 2 ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi ? dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

, ? 3 3 3 3 ?,9 ? 3 3 3 3 ?, 8 2 2 2 1 1 ! . . . . 11, . . . . 9 9 8 6 1 3 3 3 3 35 3 3 3 3 1 833 9 833 1, 3 5 9

1 K K ? 8 a a 6 9 m m 1 bl bl er er M M ai ai n n, K a m bl er

K a m bl er

8 9 . 9 3 3 2 2 6

( 1 C - D P 2 8 e && ! al 6. 9 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 2 ! )i a ; 8 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

ma g, "i c !, , !, + n

? 4 3 4 2 19 ? ? 3 1 5 2 8 2 4 2 1 1 . . . 9 . 9,3 . . . 4 . 2 9 8 6 4 1 ? 3 ? 33 8 8 3 4 2, 363 163 8 ? 1

1 , , ? 2 ol ol 6 6 c) c) 2 es es te ter r( ( M M ai ai n n + +o

Bit tle . ay

8 9 . 6 1 9 8 8 8

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 6 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 8 ! )i a ; ? n an g oi 9 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 8 n en o d n

Hr do i ci an

B Vo m , ! lca a ! s nic "i ) c s .i g )t 0 ro

? 3 3 3 3 ?,3 . . . . 33 133 3 333

? 3 3 3 3 ?, 8 1 4 2 8 2 . . . . 3 9 8 4 6 2 133 3 3 333 ?, 3 3 3

128
on ne e 1 Bit Bit ? 2 tle tle 6 8 D D 2 ee ee r r, Bit tle D ee r P on d 1 M M ? 2 )a )a 6 5 le le 2 sb sb ac ac k k Bit tle . ay 8 9 . 2 8 5 4 4 4 e ( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 8 '" al n e 3 o ac n o ? ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi ? dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e Hr do i ci an ! & B Vo m , ! lca a ! s nic "i ) c s .i g )t 0 ro ! & B Vo m , ! lca a ! s nic "i ) c s .i g )t 0 ro ! & B Vo m , ! lca a ! s nic "i ) c s .i g )t 0 ro ! & . Vo m , et lca a ! ts nic "i , c o e H & )i ol it e Hr do i ci an . Vo m , et lca a ! ts nic "i , c o 6 3 3 3 3 8,? 6 3 3 3 3 8, 8 2 4 2 1 ? . . . . 63, . . . . ? 9 1 8 2 5 4 2 3 3 3 33 2 3 3 3 6 333 3 333 3, 3 ? 3 3 3 3 52, . . . . 33 233 3 3 333 ? 3 33 3 4 8 1 ? 2 ? 9 . . . . 8 9 2 8 6 2 3 3 3 2, 433 3 3 3

Bit tle . ay

8 9 . 2 9 2 8 1 1

( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 6. 5 '" al n e 3 o ac n o 3 ! )i a ; 6 n an g oi ? dl Hr e c ? a og + ? n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 2. 9 '" al n e 9 o ac n o 1 ! )i a ; 8 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e ( 1 C - D P 2 2 e && ! al 2. 1 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 4 ! )i a ; ? n an g oi 6 dl Hr e c 6 a og + 5 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

3 3 3 3 3 1,5 3 3 3 3 3 1, 8 1 8 2 3 4 . . . . 91, . . . . 5 9 2 2 6 4 9 3 3 3 26 9 3 3 3 9 833 ? 833 1, 2 6 ?

1 Bit Bit ? 2 tle tle 6 9 . . 2 ay ay

Bit tle . ay

8 9 . 2 9 5 5 5 8

Hr do i ci an

? 3 3 3 3 4,5 ? 3 3 3 3 4, 8 1 2 2 2 4 . . . . 2?, . . . . 5 9 2 4 2 6 3 8 3 3 3 96 8 3 3 3 2 533 8 533 ?, 9 6 8

1 . . ? 2 ett ett 6 1 s s 8 , , o o e e

. et ts , o e( /il t , o e

8 9 . 8 4 3 3 3 3

Hr do i ci an

? 3 3 3 3 ?? ? 3 3 3 3 ? 8 8 ? 2 8 ? 3. . . 5,9 3 . . . ? 9 9 4 2 9 8 . 3 3 3 16 . 3 3 3 5, 333 333 9 3 3 1 6

1 /il /il ? . 8 ( 1 C - D P 2 t t 6 et 9 2 2 e && ! al 8 , , 8 ts . 2. 8 '" al n e o o , 8 6 o ac n o e e o 9 4 ! )i a ;

129
e( /il t , o e 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 n dl a n d an Hr og en g oi e c + o n e 3 3

e H & )i ol it e Hr do i ci an B Vo m - ? 3 3 3 3 ?9 ! lca a g, 3 . . . 3 s nic "i - . 3 3 3 ) c !, 3 3 3 s , 3 .i ! g )t 0 ro ! &

1 Mi Mi ? 5 le le 5 2 s s 2 , , o o e e, Mi le s , o e Mi ne 1 Pil Pil ? 5 le le 5 1 y7 y7s 8 s Isl Isl an an d d

Mi le s , o e

8 9 . 2 1 8 8 8 9

( 1 C - D P 2 5 e && ! al 2. 2 '" al n e 5 o ac n o 9 ! )i a ; ? n an g oi 1 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e

? 3 3? 3 ? 8 1 ? 2 8 4 . . . 4 . 9 9 4 2 2 5 9 8 3 3 1 9, 633 9 9 3

Pi lle y7 s Isl a n d

8 9 . 2 3 8 3 2 6

( 1 C - D P 2 5 e && ! al 2. 1 '" al n e 5 o ac n o ? ! )i a ; 9 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 8 n en o d n e ? 1 3 6 C e '" o ! n dl a n d && al ac )i an Hr og en D ! n n a g e + o n e P al e o ; oi c

Hr do i ci an

K o b er t7s r m 0 ro ! & M il d .i g )t 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m! o d al ( " el si c

? 3 3 3 3 82 ? 3 3 3 3 ?, 8 1 4 2 8 ? . . . . 3,3 . . . . 6 9 3 9 2 1 3 4 3 3 3 33 4 3 3 3 3 133 133 9, 3 ? 3

n C C ? B 8 ( a e e 5 oc 9 2 ' ' ? k& . 2. . . or 4 6 ay ay t( 5 1 P P P 2 4 on on oi 3 5 d d nt 3 5 B 3 8 e a mi n gt o n 1 P P ? 6 oi oi 5 9 nt nt ? Be Be a a mi mi ng ng B oc k& or t( P oi 8 9 . 4 5 6 6

Hr do i ci an

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( " el si c

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 4 33 3 ? 8 ? 1 2 1 2 . . . . 8, 9 6 3 2 5 8 233 3 ? 333 3 3, 3 3 3

( 1 C - D P 2 6 e && ! al 2. 9 '" al n e 6 o ac n o 1 ! )i a ; 4 n an g oi 5 dl Hr e c

Hr do i ci an

M il d .i g )t 0

Vo lca no se di m en

bi m g, o d !, al , ( !, m+

3333 3 3 . . . . 333 3 333

3 ? 3? 3 ? 8 ? 1 2 1 2 . . . 8 . 1, 9 6 6 2 5 8 893 9 8 843 3 3, 3 3

130
to to n n nt 6 5 B 5 8 e a mi n gt o n B oc k& or t( P oi nt B e a mi n gt o n 8 9 . 8 2 2 3 3 3 a og + n en o d n e ro tar a n ! y "i & c 3

1 Bo Bo ? 6 ck ck 5 8 &o &o ? rt rt, /) im bl e /i ck le

( 1 C - D P 2 6 e && ! al 2. 8 '" al n e 8 o ac n o 9 ! )i a ; 8 n an g oi 8 dl Hr e c 8 a og + 9 n en o d n e

Hr do i ci an

M il d .i g )t 0 ro ! &

Vo lca no se di m en tar y

bi , m !, o + d n al ( m a "i c

? 3 3 3 3 12 3 3 3 3 3 9 8 4 ? 2 4 2 . . . . 2,9 . . . . 6 9 5 8 2 9 6 4 3 3 3 18 5 4 3 3 5, ?33 283 9 1 8

Appendi' , Glo#al VMS J7S Version [>B$, ?44.8 kb] Appendi' , Glo#al VMS DepK >o ?19 >ame Count Deposit ry StartKAge &ndKAge KClan District Dry Ki er, #/asman Fold .elt% 7at(dd 7ong(d Commo ) d) dities ( ?88.5? -g, -!, ?8.566 6665 ,! 665

.alcooma -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H% .roken Hill

14

-!stral Paleo&rot Paleo&rot =nigmati .roken Hill, ( ?8?.86 -g, -!, ia ero;oic ero;oic c #Millyama 1?.966 6665 ,!, Pb, #H% #H% $!&ergro! 665 +n &% $il!rian #H% VM$ Moodla'n( ( ?89.82 -g, -!, ,a&tains 12.633 3333 ,!, Pb, Flat, 333 +n #/asman Fold .elt%

?69

,a&tains -!stral $il!rian Flat, Bake ia #H% 0eorge

?53

,!rra'an -!stral $il!rian g ia #H%

$il!rian #H%

Massi e Moodla'n( ( ?89.85 -g, ,!, s!l&)ide ,a&tains 18.981 16?? Pb, +n s Flat, 111 #/asman Fold .elt% VM$ .enambra, ( ?85.9? -g, -!, #Bac)lan 16.98? 3811 ,!, Pb, Fold .elt% 988 +n Dry Ki er, #/asman Fold .elt% ( ?88.68 -g, -!, ?8.8?6 1111 ,!, Pb, 665 +n

?22

,!rra'on -!stral $il!rian g ia #H%

$il!rian #H%

?83

Dry Ki er -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ $o!t) ia #H% n #H%

131
46 =l!ra -!stral De onian De onian =nigmati =l!ra, ia #H% #H% c #Bac)lan Fold .elt% -!stral -rc)ean ia #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Freddie Mell, #Pilgarn ,raton% 0olden 0ro e, #Pilgarn ,raton% Bionto'n( Ke'ard, #/asman Fold .elt% Mo!nt Kead, #D!ndas /ro!g)% ( ?82.62 -g, Pb, 1?.?66 3333 +n 665 ( ??8.68 ,!, +n 48.523 3226 333 ( ??6.96 -g, ,!, 48.566 6665 Pb, +n 665 ( ?86.43 +n 43.166 3333 665 ( ?82.54 -g, -!, 8?.253 3226 ,!, Pb, 811 +n

?62

Freddie Mell, Freddies Mell 0ossan Hill

?61

-!stral -rc)ean ia #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

?88

Handc!"" -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H%

?28

Hellyer

-!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H%

?24

Herc!les -!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H%

Kosebery( ( ?82.2? -g, -!, Herc!les, 8?.811 6665 ,!, Pb, #D!ndas 111 +n /ro!g)% Bionto'n( Ke'ard, #/asman Fold .elt% Bionto'n( Ke'ard, #/asman Fold .elt% ( ?86.43 43.166 3333 665 ( ?86.31 -g, -!, 43.8?6 1111 ,!, Pb, 665 +n

?85

Hig)'ay

-!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H%

?82

Bionto'n -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H%

?89

Menninnie -!stral Paleo&rot Paleo&rot =nigmati Dam, ia ero;oic ero;oic c Milc)erry #H% #H% Hill Mons ,!&ri -!stral -rc)ean ia #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Menninnie ( ?16.81 -g, Pb, Dam, 14.611 1111 +n #0a'ler 111 ,raton% M)im ,reek, #Pilbara ,raton% Mo!nt -rarat, #Bac)lan Fold .elt% ( ??5.83 -g, ,!, 43.855 2226 Pb, +n 558 ( ?84.91 -g, -!, 15.433 1111 ,! 333

?29

?25

Mo!nt -rarat

-!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H%

?88

Mo!nt -!stral Permian ,)almers ia #H%

Permian #H%

VM$

Mo!nt ( ?23.62 -g, -!, ,)almers, 41.133 3333 ,!, Pb, #/asman 333 +n Fold .elt% Mo!nt Byell, #D!ndas /ro!g)% Mo!nt ( ?82.28 -g, -!, 84.381 1111 ,! 111 ( ?23.16 -g, -!,

?23

Mo!nt Byell

-!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H%

?81

Mo!nt

-!stral De onian De onian VM$

132
Morgan ia #H% #H% Morgan, #/asman Fold .elt% VM$ Mo!nt M!lca)y, #Pilgarn ,raton% 41.611 6665 111 ,!, +n

?68

Mo!nt M!lca)y

-!stral -rc)ean ia #H%

-rc)ean #H%

( ??5.53 ,!, +n 45.328 3333 111

?84

Pegmont -!stral Paleo&rot Paleo&rot =nigmati Pegmont, ( ?83.68 Pb, +n ia ero;oic ero;oic c #Mo!nt Isa 4?.823 1111 #H% #H% Inlier% 333 I!e Ki er -!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H% Mo!nt Kead, #D!ndas /ro!g)% Bionto'n( Ke'ard, #/asman Fold .elt% ( ?82.69 -g, -!, 8?.295 6??? ,!, Pb, 444 +n ( ?86.43 -!, ,! 43.166 3333 665

?21

?86

Ke'ard

-!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H%

?2?

Kosbery

-!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ ia #H% #H%

Kosebery( ( ?82.22 -g, -!, Herc!les, 8?.566 3333 ,!, Pb, #D!ndas 665 +n /ro!g)% M)im ,reek, #Pilbara ,raton% 0olden 0ro e, #Pilgarn ,raton% ( ??5.58 ,!, Pb, 43.522 3333 +n 226 ( ??6.92 -g, -!, 48.523 3333 ,!, Pb, 333 +n

?63

$alt ,reek

-!stral -rc)ean ia #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

?64

$c!ddles, -!stral -rc)ean 0olden ia #H% 0ro e

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

?65

$o!t) -!stral ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ Herc!les ia #H% #H%

Kosebery( ( ?82.2? -g, -!, Herc!les, 8?.881 2226 ,!, Pb, #D!ndas 326 +n /ro!g)% Dry Ki er, #/asman Fold .elt% /e!tonic .ore, #Pilgarn ,raton% /)alanga, #/asman Fold .elt% M)im ,reek, #Pilbara ,raton% M)!ndo, #Pilbara ,raton% ( ?88.53 -g, -!, ?8.581 3333 ,!, Pb, 111 +n ( ?4?.?8 48.8?1 ?665 889 ( ?82.56 -g, -!, 43.111 6665 ,!, Pb, 111 +n ( ??5.84 ,!, Pb, 43.885 5558 +n 444 ( ??6.94 ,!, +n 4?.383 2333 226 ?85.88 -g, ,!,

?8?

$!r eyor -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ? ia #H% n #H% /e!tonic .ore -!stral -rc)ean ia #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

?66

?18

/)alanga -!stral ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ ia #H% n #H% M)im ,reek, M)im Mell M)!ndo -!stral -rc)ean ia #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

?28

?6?

-!stral -rc)ean ia #H% -!stral $il!rian

-rc)ean #H% $il!rian

VM$

?26

Milga

VM$

.enambra, (

133
ia ?68 #H% #H% $il!rian #H% VM$ #Bac)lan Fold .elt% 15.33? 3333 189 +n

Moodla' -!stral $il!rian n ia #H%

Moodla'n( ( ?89.26 -g, -!, ,a&tains 12.366 6665 ,!, Pb, Flat, 665 +n #/asman Fold .elt% .oA!ira, #$ao Francisco ,raton% ( ( -g, -!, ?4.681 84.511 ,!, Pb, 111 111 +n ( ( Pb, +n ?5.2?6 86.811 665 111

?5?

.oA!ira

.ra;il

-rc)ean #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

?54

Morro -g!do

.ra;il

Ceo&roter Ceo&roter =nigmati Morro o;oic #H% o;oic #H% c -g!do, #.rasilia Mobile .elt% Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

?51

Palmeiro& .ra;il olis

Palmeiro&o ( ( ,!, Pb, lis, #Gr!ac! ?1.333 88.481 +n Mobile 333 111 .elt% ( ( -g, Pb 48.823 89.333 333 333 88.24? ( -g, +n 665 55.656 189 88.4?9 ( -g, -!, 888 59.411 ,!, +n 326 88.296 ( -g, -!, 665 58.328 ,!, +n 111 88.1?1 ( -g, -!, 326 59.368 ,!, +n 326

?58

Pera!, Vale do Kibiera -bco!rt, .ar !e

.ra;il

Meso&rote Meso&rote =nigmati Pera!, ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% c #$et! a Mobile .elt% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ -bco!rt, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior% -mos( Mon&as, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior%

132

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

?6

-ldermac ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -mos, Jay ,o&&er, ,onigo ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

485

VM$

?3

-m!let ,, ,anad -rc)ean , a #H% de&osits

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

4?8

-nderson ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Bake a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% -nsil ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

$no' 28.863 ( ,!, +n Bake, 458 99.991 #,)!rc)ill% 326 Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.121 ( -g, -!, 326 59.??5 ,!, +n 444

19?

-rmstrong ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% -!stin .rook ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

.at)!rst, 85.63? ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 189 66.382 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 458 .at)!rst, 85.195 ( -g, Pb, #-&&alac)i 558 62.841 +n an Hrogen% 111 Mogador( .el"ort( .ar allee, 88.848 ( -g, -!, 6?? 55.683 ,!, Pb, 333 +n

158

134

.ar allee ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

134
#$!&erior% 832 .ear ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ .ear( $!nrise, #$la e% Mogador( .el"ort( .ar allee, #$!&erior% 64.891 ( -g, -!, 111 ??4.19 Pb, +n ?665 88.849 ( -g, -!, 888 55.681 ,!, Pb, 111 +n

138

.el"ort, ,anad -rc)ean Koymont a #H%

VM$

493

.ell -llard ,anad -rc)ean $o!t), a #H% .ell -llard .ell ,anad -rc)ean -llard, a #H% .ell -llard $o!t) .ell ,anad -rc)ean ,)annel a #H% Co.?, .ell ,)annel .etts ,o e

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

Matagami, 89.689 ( ,!, +n #$!&erior% 544 55.698 ?65 Matagami, 89.698 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 544 55.5?8 ,!, +n 544 Matagami, 89.553 ( ,!, +n #$!&erior% 333 55.642 333 .etts 89.843 ( ,! ,o e(/ilt 333 22.84? ,o e, 665 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% /!lseA!a), 28.666 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% ??? ?11.26 ,!, Pb, 4233 +n Kambler, 89.88? ( ,! #-&&alac)i 988 26.389 an Hrogen% ?65 .igstone 28.252 ( ,!, +n Bake, 226 ?31.43 #,)!rc)ill% 4233 Flin Flon, 28.66? ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% ??? ?34.31 ,! 1111 $)erridon, 22.?28 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 111 ?3?.38 ,!, +n ?665 $no' 28.822 ( -g, -!, Bake, 333 ?33.?8 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 1111 -nyo:, 22.191 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 6?? ?49.88 ,! ?189 Hackett Ki er, #$la e% 62.9?4 ( -g, -!, 558 ?38.81 ,!, Pb, 5233 +n

49?

VM$

496

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

121

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

?58

.ig .!ll

,anad Permian a #H%

Permian #H%

VM$

124

.ig Kambler Pond .igstone Bake .irc) Bake

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

423

412

414

.ob Bake ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% .omber ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad /riassic a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% /riassic #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

448

?81

.onan;a

8?2

.oot Bake, .oot

VM$

161

.o!ndary ,anad ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ a #H% #H%

D!ck 88.626 ( -g, ,!, Pond( ??? 26.886 Pb, +n .o!ndary, 189

135
#-&&alac)i an Hrogen% 626 .o!sA!et ,anad -rc)ean Co.? a #H% -rc)ean #H% =&it)erm .o!sA!et, al #$!&erior% $tock'o rk VM$ .o!sA!et, #$!&erior% 88.424 ( -! 444 58.865 233 88.424 ( -g, -!, 444 58.888 ,! 544 25.66? ( -g, -!, 665 69.823 ,!, Pb, 333 +n

622

.o!sA!et( ,anad -rc)ean Baronde, a #H% D!magam i .oylen, Loke

-rc)ean #H%

482

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

.oylen, #Ce' I!ebec Hrogen%

?91

.ritannia ,anad ,retaceo! ,retaceo! VM$ a s #H% s #H% .r!ns'ick ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Co.?4 a n #H% n #H% .r!ns'ick ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Co.6 a n #H% n #H% ,allinan ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

.ritannia, 89.6?3 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?41.?8 ,!, +n ?665 .at)!rst, 85.858 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 888 62.893 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 333 .at)!rst, 85.8?3 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 333 62.84? Pb, +n an Hrogen% 189 Flin Flon, 28.555 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 233 ?3?.88 ,!, +n 4233 Lamiskotia, 88.216 ( -g, ,!, #$!&erior% ??? 8?.253 +n 333 .at)!rst, 85.8?3 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 226 66.?38 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 888 +n .at)!rst, 85.481 ( -!, ,! #-&&alac)i 889 62.856 an Hrogen% 988 .at)!rst, 85.498 ( -g, Pb, #-&&alac)i 888 62.886 +n an Hrogen% ??? .at)!rst, 85.26? ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 988 66.496 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 665 +n Flin Flon, 28.532 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 333 ?3?.66 ,!, +n 6988 ,)am&agn 86.285 ( -g, -!, e, 233 53.4?9 ,!, Pb, #-&&alac)i 888 +n an Hrogen% .at)!rst, 85.398 ( ,!, Pb, #-&&alac)i 889 66.449 +n

156

155

4?1

422

,anadian ,anad -rc)ean Jamieson a #H% ,anoe Banding Bake ,a&tain

159

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

183

184

,a&tain ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Cort) a n #H% n #H% =:tension ,aribo! ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

18?

438

,entennia ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ l a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,)am&ag ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ ne, a n #H% n #H% .ellec)as se, Panet Metal ,)ester ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

11?

181

136
an Hrogen% 4?9 ,)isel Bake ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% VM$ 888

$no' 28.811 ( -g, -!, Bake, 111 ?33.?? ,!, Pb, #,)!rc)ill% 2333 +n ,)! ,)!a, 2?.169 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 888 ?43.32 ,!, +n 8111 .!c)ans, 88.842 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 811 26.9?6 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 ,linton, 82.829 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 544 53.938 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 111 +n Bittle .ay, 89.619 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 888 26.38? an Hrogen% 988 ,oniagas, #$!&erior% 89.898 ( -g, Pb, 111 56.?61 +n 111

?89

,)! ,anad ,arboni"er Permian ,)!a, ,, a o!s #H% #H%

182

,lementin ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ e a n #H% n #H% ,linton, ,linton ,o&&er ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

113

126

,olc)este ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ r(Main a n #H% n #H% +one ,oniagas ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,o&&er Bode ,o&&er Bode = ,o&&er Kee", Mink Carro's ,o&&er( Man ,orbet ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

455

453

VM$

$o!t) .ay, 23.983 ( -g, ,! #$!&erior% 333 94.922 333 $o!t) .ay, 23.962 ( -g, ,!, #$!&erior% 333 94.883 +n 333 Bynn Bake, 28.6?6 ( ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 665 ?3?.28 5233 $no' 28.689 ( ,!, +n Bake, ?65 99.851 #,)!rc)ill% 111 Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.138 ( -g, -!, ?65 59.399 ,!, +n 544

469

VM$

484

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

449

?8

416

,oronatio ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,!&ra( d7=strie ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

Flin Flon, 28.288 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 544 ?3?.99 ,!, +n 6??? ,!&ra( 82.554 ( -g, -!, d7=strie( 444 5?.1?3 .i, ,d, Meedon( 226 ,!, Pb, $olbec, +n #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Flin Flon, 28.543 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 226 ?3?.5? ,!, +n 3811 Coranda, #$!&erior% Coranda, 88.462 ( -g, -!, 333 58.962 ,!, +n 333 88.458 ( -g, -!,

146

431

,!&r!s

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean VM$

?8

Delbridge, ,anad -rc)ean Delbridge a #H% Co. 4 Deldona, ,anad -rc)ean

?5

VM$

137
=ldona, a Delbridge Co. ? 193 De il7s =lbo' #H% #H% #$!&erior% 326 58.956 +n 665

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

.at)!rst, 85.813 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 811 66.199 an Hrogen% ?65 Dickstone( 28.822 ( -g, -!, Corris 333 ?33.89 ,!, +n Bake, 3333 #,)!rc)ill% Flin Flon, 28.56? ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 988 ?3?.25 ,! 1326 -nyo:, 22.8?? ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 988 ?49.85 3458 D!ck 89.618 ( -g, -!, Pond( 888 26.885 ,!, +n .o!ndary, 558 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% 88.358 ( -g, -!, 888 55.268 ,! 889

486

Dickstone ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Don Jon ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad /riassic a #H% /riassic #H% VM$

436

?88

Do!ble =d D!ck Pond, /ally Pond

164

,anad ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ a #H% #H%

1?5

D!nraine ,anad -rc)ean a #H% Dyce $iding, $yl ia

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

8?9

,anad Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ a o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

Dyce 28.836 ( ,!, +n $iding, 988 ?33.?8 #Interior 9?65 Plat"ormN, )!rc)ill% Kambler, 89.93? ( ,! #-&&alac)i 189 26.329 an Hrogen% ?65 Hackett Ki er, #$la e% 62.9?6 ( -g, -!, 665 ?38.86 ,!, Pb, 3811 +n

12?

=ast

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

8?8

=ast ,lea er Bake, ,lea er Bake =ast $!lli an, $!llico =ast Maite =cstall, =cstall Ki er

1?8

,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad Permian a #H%

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% Permian #H% /riassic #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior%

88.353 ( -g, -!, 811 55.539 ,!, +n 888 88.181 ( -g, -!, 6?? 59.356 ,!, +n 988

VM$

43?

VM$

=cstall, 21.852 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?49.2? ,!, +n ???? -nyo:, 22.841 ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 326 ?49.88 8544 ,oniagas, #$!&erior% 89.886 ( -g, ,!, 665 56.?28 +n 111

?82

=den, $a: ,anad /riassic a #H% =m&ire ( Be /ac, =m&ire, ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

459

VM$

138
Be /ac 46? =rrington ,anad Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ a o;oic #H% o;oic #H% =skay ,reek ,anad J!rassic a #H% J!rassic #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ $!db!ry, #$o!t)ern Pro ince% 86.215 ( -g, -!, 233 8?.426 ,!, Pb, 665 +n

?8?

=skay 26.6?6 ( -g, -!, ,reek, 665 ?13.86 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 2458 =strades, #$!&erior% 89.286 ( -g, -!, 665 58.826 ,!, Pb, 665 +n

1??

=strades, ,anad -rc)ean 0olden a #H% Ho&e =!stis

VM$

115

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

$!""ield( 82.1?8 ( -g, -!, Mo!lton 111 5?.9?8 ,! Hill(=!stis, 111 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Jo!tel ,o&&er( Poirier, #$!&erior% 89.812 ( -g, ,!, 333 58.11? +n ???

1?3

=:&lo ,anad -rc)ean +inc, a #H% ,onsolida ted Cort)ern =:&lor F 0ro!&, ,anad -rc)ean F +one a #H% F $)a"t, ,anad -rc)ean -m!let F a #H% FB V DH 0ro!&s Flat Banding .rook Fle:ar

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

462

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

$t!rgeon Bake, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior%

89.853 ( -g, ,!, 811 9?.328 Pb, +n ?65 88.1?8 ( -g, -!, 111 59.352 ,!, +n 333

VM$

483

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot Massi e Bynn Bake, 26.811 ( ,!, +n a ero;oic ero;oic s!l&)ide #,)!rc)ill% 111 ?3?.33 #H% #H% s 8111 ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ .at)!rst, 85.18? ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 665 62.856 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 Flin Flon, 28.656 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 665 ?34.34 ,!, +n 8889 Flin Flon, 28.566 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 665 ?3?.88 ,!, +n 4444 Bynn Bake, 26.612 ( ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 458 ?3?.62 ?665 -bco!rt, #$!&erior% 88.248 ( -g, +n 889 55.698 326

188

418

434

Flin Flon

419

Fo:

181

Frebert

889

Frederick ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ son Bake a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% 0allen, ,anad -rc)ean Mest a #H% MacDonal -rc)ean #H% VM$

Fredericks 22.321 ( -g, -!, on Bake, 111 66.462 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 333 Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.142 ( -g, -!, 226 58.921 ,!, +n 111

?9

139
d ?99 0a&( ,anad De onian De onian VM$ .attle( a #H% #H% =:tension 0aron ,anad -rc)ean Bake, Isle a #H% Die!(31 0eco ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ .!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% Matagami, 89.553 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 458 55.269 ,!, +n 544 Manito!'a 89.?28 ( -g, ,!, dge, ?65 82.594 +n #$!&erior% 444 Lamiskotia, 88.88? ( #$!&erior% 665 8?.262 811 $no' 28.813 ( -g, -!, Bake, 226 ?33.?3 ,!, Pb, #,)!rc)ill% 1326 +n 0oldstream 2?.649 ( -g, ,!, , ?65 ??8.84 +n #,ordillera% 2811 0ondor, #$la e% 62.26? ( -g, ,!, 988 ???.83 Pb, +n 3333

133

454

VM$

426

0ene:

VM$

4?8

0)ost ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Bake(Bost a ero;oic ero;oic Bake #H% #H% 0oldstrea ,anad ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ m a #H% #H% 0ondor ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% /riassic #H% VM$

?93

839

456

0on;ag!e ,anad -rc)ean Banglois, a #H% 0re et 0rand!c, ,anad /riassic Bed!c, a #H% =dna May 0reat .!rnt Bake

VM$

0on;ag!e 89.481 ( -g, -!, Banglois, 111 56.653 ,!, Pb, #$!&erior% 333 +n 0rand!c, 26.4?2 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?13.18 ,! 1326 0reat .!rnt 88.113 ( ,! Bake($o!t) 226 26.?66 Pond, 665 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% 0!llbridge( 89.?96 ( ,! Bake .ond, 665 26.?22 #-&&alac)i 333 an Hrogen% .!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% Hackett Ki er, #$la e% 62.9?8 ( -g, -!, 326 ?38.16 ,!, Pb, 6189 +n

?83

VM$

165

,anad ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ a #H% n #H%

15?

0!llbridge ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

?98

H(M

,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H%

8?1

Hackett Ki er +one Hal"mile Bake

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

188

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

.at)!rst, 85.136 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 189 66.1?6 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 Hart Ki er, 68.616 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% ??? ?16.8? ,!, Pb, 6665 +n

8?6

Hart Ki er ,anad Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ a ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

140
833 Head'ay ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% Heat) ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $teele -, a n #H% n #H% ,, D +one, -( ,(D +one Heat) $teele . +one, . +one Heninga Bake Hidden ,reek, -nyo: ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% .at)!rst, 85.886 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 665 62.933 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 458 .at)!rst, 85.49? ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i ??? 66.386 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 988 +n

186

828

.at)!rst, 85.499 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 888 66.388 Pb, +n an Hrogen% ?65 Heninga 6?.551 ( -g, -!, Bake, 6?? 96.434 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 558 -nyo:, 22.845 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 558 ?49.8? ,! 9?65 Hig) Bake, 65.183 ( -g, -!, #$la e% 226 ??3.82 ,!, Pb, 2226 +n $amatos! 2?.??? ( -g, -!, m, ??? ??9.84 .a$H8, #,ordillera% 5558 ,!, Pb, +n Hood Ki er, #$la e% Coranda, #$!&erior% H!nter, #$!&erior% 66.329 ( -g, ,!, 544 ??4.52 +n 8?65 88.422 ( -g, -!, 333 59.3?? ,!, +n 665 88.22? ( ,! 665 59.?83 333

8?3

,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad /riassic a #H%

-rc)ean #H% /riassic #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

?84

VM$

831

Hig) Bake ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

?88

Homestak ,anad De onian De onian VM$ e a #H% #H%

8?4

Hood Ki er, /aki*!A Bake Horne

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

41

,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

184

H!nter

VM$

14?

H!ntingto ,anad ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ n a #H% n #H%

H!ntington( 82.461 ( -g, -!, I es, 111 54.11? ,! #-&&alac)i 665 an Hrogen% Indian Mo!ntain, #$la e% 61.314 ( -g, ,!, 233 ??3.96 Pb, +n 1111

838

Indian ,anad -rc)ean Mo!ntain, a #H% .., Lennedy Bake Isle(Die! ,anad -rc)ean a #H% I es

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

498

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

Matagami, 89.546 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 988 55.584 ,!, +n 233 H!ntington( 82.491 ( ,! I es, 111 54.141 #-&&alac)i 111 an Hrogen% I;ok, 62.611 ( -g, ,!,

144

,anad ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ a #H% n #H%

8??

I;ok

,anad -rc)ean

-rc)ean

VM$

141
a 428 #H% #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ #$la e% 111 ??4.59 Pb, +n 2811

Jameland ,anad -rc)ean a #H% Joannie

Lamiskotia, 88.259 ( -g, ,!, #$!&erior% ?65 8?.285 +n 233 $no' 28.848 ( ,! Bake, 111 ?33.31 #,)!rc)ill% 1111 Jo!tel ,o&&er( Poirier, #$!&erior% 89.821 ( ,!, +n 111 58.123 226

44?

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

138

Jo!tel ,o&&er, Jo!tel J!ngle Bake Lam( Lotia Ley -nacon Lidd ,reek L!d; +e Laya) L!tc)o ,reek

411

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

$)erridon, 22.?61 ( ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 889 ?33.95 4444 Lamiskotia, 88.634 ( -g, ,!, #$!&erior% 558 8?.29? +n 665 .at)!rst, 85.816 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i ??? 62.533 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 333 Lidd ,reek, #$!&erior% 88.69? ( -g, ,!, 665 8?.162 Pb, +n 458

421

185

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

424

82?

,anad De onian ,arboni"er VM$ a #H% o!s #H% ,anad /riassic a #H% /riassic #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Matson 6?.866 ( -g, -!, Bake, 665 ?13.28 ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 1111 +n L!tc)o 28.43? ( -g, -!, ,reek, 189 ?48.12 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 6988 89.8?? ( -g, ,!, 988 52.248 +n 326

?59

488

Ba ,anad -rc)ean Kibo!rde, a #H% Ba Kibo!rde( $a!ss!re Bake .ond

Massi e Ba s!l&)ide Kibo!rde, s #$!&erior%

154

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

0!llbridge( 89.346 ( ,!, +n Bake .ond, 665 26.?86 #-&&alac)i 189 an Hrogen% Bake 0ene a( $tralak, #$!&erior% 86.593 ( Pb, +n 458 8?.2?2 333

428

Bake 0ene a

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

418

Bar, Ba!rie Bake Bara

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

Bynn Bake, 26.612 ( ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 458 ?3?.88 3333 /'in J ( 88.884 ( -g, -!, Bara, 558 ?41.93 ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 16?? +n ,linton, 82.4?6 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 665 5?.323 ,!, Pb,

?94

114

Bedge Kidge

142
an Hrogen% 48? Bemoine, ,anad -rc)ean Patino a #H% Bessard, ,anad -rc)ean Domerg! a #H% e -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Bemoine, #$!&erior% Bessard, #$!&erior% 333 +n

89.564 ( -!, ,!, 444 58.?34 +n 558 23.68? ( -g, -!, 665 58.68? ,!, +n 665

893

VM$

4?5

Binda, ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Binda a ero;oic ero;oic McLayse" #H% #H% " Bing'ick ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

$no' 28.811 ( -g, -!, Bake, 111 99.911 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 111 ,!&ra( 82.622 ( -g, -!, d7=strie( 333 5?.181 ,!, Pb, Meedon( 111 +n $olbec, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Bittle .ay, 89.295 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 558 22.918 an Hrogen% 889 Bittle .ay, 89.285 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 444 26.3?9 an Hrogen% ?65 Bock&ort( 89.822 ( ,!, +n Point 333 22.898 Beamingto 889 n, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% 88.398 ( -g, -!, 111 55.2?9 ,!, +n 888 88.?31 ( -g, -!, 6?? 55.892 ,!, +n 458

148

129

Bittle .ay ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% Bittle ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Deer, a n #H% n #H% Bittle Deer Pond Bock&ort, ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ /)imble a n #H% n #H% /ickle

128

168

1?9

Bo! em

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

143

Bo! ico!rt ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

194

Bo! ico!rt ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ , Cine a n #H% n #H% Mile .rook Bo'er -, ,anad -rc)ean -m!let a #H% Bo'er B!cky $trike Byn: -rc)ean #H% VM$

.at)!rst, 85.19? ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 189 62.944 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 558 +n Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.1?1 ( -g, -!, 326 59.368 ,!, +n 326

??

119

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H%

.!c)ans, 88.8?8 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 889 26.869 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 888 +n .!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% Matagami, 89.686 ( ,!, +n #$!&erior% 665 55.54?

?92

13?

Byn: ,anad -rc)ean Pello'kni" a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

143
e, Hbaska 465 Byon Bake ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ $t!rgeon Bake, #$!&erior% 665 89.886 ( -g, ,!, 665 93.889 Pb, +n 888

481

Mac.ride ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Bake, a ero;oic ero;oic Lnobby #H% #H% Bake MacBean ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% Mag!si ,anad -rc)ean Ki er, a #H% Mag!si, Iso, Fabie ,reek Mandy -rc)ean #H% VM$

Mac.ride, 26.882 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 333 99.9?6 ,!, +n 665 .!c)ans, 88.842 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 226 26.881 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 111 +n Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.883 ( -g, -!, 811 59.154 ,!, +n 233

118

4?

4??

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Flin Flon, 28.546 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 665 ?3?.81 ,!, +n ?665 Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% 88.386 ( -g, ,!, 665 55.6?3 +n 333

1?2

Manito!( .ar !e, 0olden Manito! Marg

8?5

,anad ,arboni"er ,arboni"er VM$ a o!s #H% o!s #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Marg, 68.3?? ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% ??? ?18.85 ,!, Pb, 4444 +n $t!rgeon Bake, #$!&erior% 89.855 ( -g, ,!, 233 93.98? Pb, +n 988

468

Mattabi

491

Mattagam ,anad -rc)ean i Bake, a #H% Bac Mattagam i

VM$

Matagami, 89.54? ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 665 55.5?6 ,!, +n 665

485

McIl enna ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ .ay, a ero;oic ero;oic Hanson #H% #H% Bake McMaster ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% Mem&)re ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ magog a n #H% n #H%

McIl enna 28.652 ( -g, -!, .ay, 333 ?34.88 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 9888 .at)!rst, 85.635 ( -g, ,! #-&&alac)i 558 66.416 an Hrogen% 988 Mem&)rem 82.?82 ( ,! agog, 333 54.1?8 #-&&alac)i ?65 an Hrogen% Miles 89.218 ( -g, -!, ,o e, 889 22.59? ,! #-&&alac)i 189 an Hrogen% Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.13? ( -g, -!, ??? 59.328 ,!, +n ?65

191

111

152

Miles ,o e

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

Millenbac ,anad -rc)ean ) a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

144
123 Ming, Kambler Ming Mobr!n ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Kambler, 89.9?1 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 889 26.383 ,! an Hrogen% 226 Coranda, #$!&erior% Mogador( .el"ort( .ar allee, #$!&erior% -mos( Mon&as, #$!&erior% 88.181 ( -g, -!, 111 58.866 ,!, +n 665 88.842 ( -g, -!, 226 55.661 ,!, Pb, 111 +n 88.6?2 ( -g, -!, 333 55.853 ,!, +n 333

43

131

Mogador, ,anad -rc)ean Vendome a #H% Co. ? Mon&as ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

488

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

486

Monta!ba ,anad Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ n, a ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% /etra!lt, Monta!ba n(les( Mines Morgan Bake Mo!lton Hill ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

Monta!ban 86.812 ( -g, -!, , #0ren ille% 333 54.186 Pb, +n 665

444

$no' 28.561 ( -!, +n Bake, 111 ?33.4? #,)!rc)ill% 1111 $!""ield( 82.846 ( -g, ,!, Mo!lton 189 5?.8?1 Pb, +n Hill(=!stis, 111 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% .at)!rst, 85.242 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 226 66.811 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 6?? +n M!sk, #$la e% 62.144 ( -g, ,!, 444 ?35.63 Pb, +n 3333

142

198

M!rray .rook M!sk

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

835

?96

Myra

,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H%

.!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% Manito!'a 89.?61 ( -g, ,!, dge, 889 82.886 +n #$!&erior% ??? .at)!rst, 85.152 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 333 66.346 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 Ce' 82.533 ( -g, -!, ,al!met, 458 56.655 Pb, +n #0ren ille% 233 Matagami, 89.588 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 111 55.818 ,!, +n 544 Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.883 ( -g, -!, 811 59.12? ,!

452

Cama ,anad -rc)ean ,reek, a #H% .ig Cama ,reek

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

192

Ce&isig!it ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% Ce' ,al!met Ce' Hosco Ce' Insco ,anad Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ a ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

21

492

44

VM$

145
665 489 Ce'cone ,anad -rc)ean :, a #H% Ce'cone : Fig!ery Co. ?? ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Ce'cone:, 88.859 ( -g, +n #$!&erior% ?65 58.?53 811 Coranda, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.1?1 ( -g, -!, 326 59.368 ,!, +n 326 88.123 ( -g, -!, 333 59.326 ,!, +n 665

?1

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

Corbec

VM$

498

Corita =ast

VM$

Matagami, 89.556 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 189 55.68? ,!, +n 665 Matagami, 89.556 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 189 55.664 ,!, +n 233 Cormetal, #$!&erior% Cormetal, #$!&erior% 89.33? ( -g, -!, 988 59.166 ,!, +n ??? 89.333 ( -g, ,!, 458 59.15? Pb, +n 665

495

Corita, ,anad -rc)ean Kadiore - a #H% Cormetal ,anad -rc)ean a #H% Cormetm ,anad -rc)ean ar a #H% Corris Bake

VM$

1?1

VM$

1?8

VM$

482

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

Dickstone( 28.913 ( -g, -!, Corris 333 ?33.26 ,!, +n Bake, 3333 #,)!rc)ill% $no' 28.88? ( -g, -!, Bake, 665 ?33.?3 ,!, Pb, #,)!rc)ill% 8111 +n

443

Cort) ,)isel, ,)isel Bake Cort)

461

Cort) ,anad -rc)ean ,oldstrea a #H% m, .!rc)ell Bake

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

Cort) 88.63? ( ,! ,oldstream 189 93.288 , #$!&erior% 544

432

Cort) $tar ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Hld .!c)ans ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Flin Flon, 28.562 ( ,! #,)!rc)ill% 333 ?3?.25 8111 .!c)ans, 88.813 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 226 26.884 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 444 +n Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.183 ( -g, -!, 333 59.388 ,!, +n 889

186

Hld Maite ,anad -rc)ean a #H% Hrc)an ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

494

VM$

Matagami, 89.538 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 111 55.5?4 ,!, +n 233 .!c)ans, 88.849 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i ?65 26.81? ,!, Pb,

18?

Hriental

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

146
an Hrogen% 189 Hr an .rook Hsborne Bake ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% 988 +n

.at)!rst, 85.648 ( -g, Pb, #-&&alac)i 111 66.?16 +n an Hrogen% 189 $no' 28.928 ( ,!, +n Bake, ?65 99.541 #,)!rc)ill% 111 .at)!rst, 85.882 ( Pb, +n #-&&alac)i 226 62.898 an Hrogen% 111 -bco!rt, #$!&erior% 88.241 ( -g, +n 111 55.682 333

413

196

Pa&inea!, ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Pa&inea! a n #H% n #H% Ki er Pers)co!r ,anad -rc)ean t, a #H% ,onsolida ted Pers)co!r t P)el&s ,anad -rc)ean Dodge, Ba a #H% 0a!c)etie re P)oto Bake Pilley7s Island -rc)ean #H% VM$

188

136

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

P)el&s Dodge, #$!&erior%

89.558 ( ,!, +n 544 58.?22 458

488

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

$no' 28.822 ( -g, -!, Bake, 333 ?33.?3 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 2226 Pilley7s 89.238 ( ,! Island, 326 22.5?9 #-&&alac)i 888 an Hrogen% Flin Flon, 28.562 ( ,! #,)!rc)ill% 226 ?3?.63 86?? Bock&ort( 89.456 ( -g, -!, Point 665 22.614 ,!, +n Beamingto 558 n, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% Jo!tel ,o&&er( Poirier, #$!&erior% 89.882 ( -g, ,!, 458 58.188 +n ?65

151

435

Pinebay

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

169

Point ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Beamingt a n #H% n #H% on

139

Poirier

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

441

Pot Bake ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Potter ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

$no' 28.583 ( -g, -!, Bake, 333 ?33.?8 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% ?665 Potter, #$!&erior% 88.633 ( -g, ,!, 333 83.4?? +n ???

45?

?95

Price

,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H%

.!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% $o!cy ( Pr!d7Hom 28.463 ( -g, -!, 333 69.938 ,o, ,!,

888

Pr!d7Hom ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ me Co. ? a ero;oic ero;oic

147
#H% 1?6 I!ebec( Manito! ,anad -rc)ean a #H% #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ me, #,)!rc)ill% Val d7Hr, #$!&erior% Coranda, #$!&erior% 111 Pb, +n

88.393 ( -g, -!, 458 55.283 ,!, +n 226 88.428 ( -g, -!, 6?? 59.335 ,!, +n 558

?2

I!emont ,anad -rc)ean a #H% Kadiore Co.4, Kadiore =ast ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

VM$

499

VM$

Matagami, 89.563 ( -g, -!, #$!&erior% 226 55.222 ,!, +n 333 $no' 28.588 ( ,!, +n Bake, 111 ?33.29 #,)!rc)ill% ?665 Kambler, 89.933 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 226 26.328 ,!, +n an Hrogen% 889

442

Kail Bake ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Kambler Main, Kambler Kamsay, I!andt, Le&!tc) ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

189

488

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot =nigmati McIl enna 28.518 ( -g, -!, a ero;oic ero;oic c .ay, 326 ?34.52 ,!, +n #H% #H% #,)!rc)ill% ?189 /riassic #H% VM$ -nyo:, 22.158 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 326 ?49.86 ,!, +n 9888 $no' 28.616 ( ,! Bake, 988 ?33.28 #,)!rc)ill% 8889 Bittle .ay, 89.26? ( -!, ,! #-&&alac)i 665 26.?59 an Hrogen% 888 .at)!rst, 85.234 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 558 66.221 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 889 +n .at)!rst, 85.611 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 326 66.35? Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 $no' 28.826 ( ,!, +n Bake, 189 99.9?8 #,)!rc)ill% 6??

?86

Ked'ing, ,anad /riassic Ked Ming a #H% Keed Bake

446

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

122

Kendell( ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Jackman, a n #H% n #H% Kendell Jack Kestigo!c ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ )e, a n #H% n #H% ,)arlotte 0ro!& Kocky /!rn ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

195

198

4?6

Kod, Kod ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Co.?, Kod a ero;oic ero;oic Co. 4, #H% #H% Bittle $tall B Kot)erme ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ re a n #H% n #H% K!ttan ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

183

.!c)ans, 88.844 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 444 26.859 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% ?65 +n K!sty 26.852 ( -g, -!, Bake, 333 99.615 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 444 $amatos! m, 2?.?85 ( -g, -!, 444 ??9.8? ,!, Pb,

415

?85

$amatos! ,anad De onian De onian VM$ m, Kea, a #H% #H%

148
Kea 0old 185 $and"ill ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ #,ordillera% 9888 +n

.!c)ans, 88.816 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 665 26.842 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 333 +n Flin Flon, 28.5?9 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 544 ?3?.84 ,!, +n 6??? $c)otts 22.392 ( ,!, +n Bake, 811 ?34.44 #,)!rc)ill% 6189 $elco( $cott, #$!&erior% 89.868 ( -g, -!, 888 58.649 ,!, +n 544

4?3

$c)ist Bake $c)otts Bake, DK$ $cott( $elco, $elco( $cott, $cott Bake

42?

481

1?4

$elbaie, ,anad -rc)ean Deto!r a #H% -?, Deto!r -4, Deto!r . $eneca, ,anad J!rassic Harrison, a #H% B!cky Jim

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

$elbaie, #$!&erior%

89.8?6 ( -g, -!, 189 58.925 ,!, +n 444

?98

J!rassic #H%

VM$

$eneca, 89.1?5 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 444 ?4?.98 ,!, Pb, 16?? +n $)erridon, 22.?19 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 888 ?3?.?3 ,!, +n 6988 $)!nsby, #$!&erior% 85.5?6 ( -!, ,!, 665 84.628 +n 111

41?

$)erritt ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ 0ordon, a ero;oic ero;oic $)erridon #H% #H% $)!nsby ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

425

188

$kidder

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

$kidder, 88.542 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 333 26.9?6 an Hrogen% 665 ,!&ra( 82.832 ( -g, -!, d7=strie( 333 5?.45? ,!, Pb, Meedon( 665 +n $olbec, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% ,oniagas, #$!&erior% 89.842 ( +n 458 56.?16 665

149

$olbec, $olbec ,o&&er

458

$oma -lta ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

885

$o!cy Co. ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ ? a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% $o!t) ,anad -rc)ean .ay, Gc)i a #H% $o!t) Pond -rc)ean #H% VM$

$o!cy ( 28.143 ( -g, -!, Pr!d7Hom 333 69.853 ,o, ,!, me, 333 Ci, Pb, #,)!rc)ill% +n $o!t) .ay, 2?.?39 ( -g, ,!, #$!&erior% 544 94.659 +n ?65 0reat .!rnt 88.813 ( ,! Bake($o!t) 458 26.?16

468

166

,anad ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ a #H% n #H%

149
Pond, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% 445 $&r!ce Point ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% 988

$no' 28.251 ( -g, -!, Bake, 111 ?33.83 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 3333 $no' 28.822 ( ,!, +n Bake, 226 99.98? #,)!rc)ill% 665 .at)!rst, 85.86? ( ,!, Pb, #-&&alac)i ??? 66.41? +n an Hrogen% ??? Bake 0ene a( $tralak, #$!&erior% 86.834 ( -g, ,!, 233 8?.695 Pb, +n 444

4?2

$tall Bake ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% $trac)ens ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Bake a n #H% n #H% .rook $tralak ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

199

429

182

$tratmat, ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ .o!ndary( a n #H% n #H% Heat) $teele C( 2 $trickland ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% $t!rgeon ,anad -rc)ean Bake a #H% $!""ield, 0ri""it) -rc)ean #H% VM$

.at)!rst, 85.135 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 558 66.?18 Pb, +n an Hrogen% ?65

153

$trickland, 85.839 ( -g, Pb, #-&&alac)i 888 28.496 +n an Hrogen% 665 $t!rgeon Bake, #$!&erior% 89.858 ( -g, ,!, 111 93.898 Pb, +n 888

466

148

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

$!""ield( 82.1?9 ( -g, -!, Mo!lton ?65 5?.929 ,!, Pb, Hill(=!stis, 544 +n #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% .ear( $!nrise, #$la e% 64.93? ( -g, -!, 665 ??4.15 ,!, Pb, 2333 +n 89.98? ( -!, +n 665 58.832 226

836

$!nrise, $!nrise Bake /ac)e, Bac .errigan /ea)an

,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H%

VM$

484

=nigmati /ac)e, c #$!&erior%

834

,anad Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ a o;oic #H% o;oic #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

/ea)an, 82.5?1 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 889 68.988 +n an Hrogen% 889 /erra 89.94? ( ,! Co a, 665 26.448 #-&&alac)i 111 an Hrogen% .etts 89.893 ( ,! ,o e(/ilt 333 22.643 ,o e, 333 #-&&alac)i an Hrogen% /onnanco! 88.864 ( -g, -!, rt, 233 56.994 ,!, +n

163

/erra Co a

128

/ilt ,o e

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

483

/onnanco ,anad -rc)ean !rt, a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

150
Josselin( /onnanco !rt, Josse 135 /rinity ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ #$!&erior% 233

/rinity, #$!&erior%

88.538 ( ,!, +n 111 55.563 333

439

/ro!t Bake, =mb!ry Bake

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

Flin Flon, 28.849 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% ?65 ?3?.84 ,!, +n ?665 .!ttle Bake 89.266 ( -g, -!, ( Myra 665 ?42.63 ,!, Pb, Falls, 3333 +n #,ordillera% /!lks, 88.215 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 233 25.?1? ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 665 +n /!lks, 88.2?8 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 544 25.43? ,!, +n an Hrogen% 988 /!lseA!a), 28.518 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 111 ?11.28 ,!, Pb, 1111 +n /'in J ( 88.868 ( -g, -!, Bara, 111 ?41.58 ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 3333 +n Coranda, #$!&erior% 88.1?1 ( -g, -!, 326 59.368 ,!, +n 326

433

/r!m&eter ,anad De onian De onian VM$ a #H% #H%

162

/!lks =ast

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

168

/!lks Hill, ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ /!lks a n #H% n #H% /!lseA!a ,anad Permian ) ,)ie" a #H% Permian #H% VM$

?55

?9?

/'in J, ,anad De onian De onian VM$ /yee, a #H% #H% Benora, Kic)ard III G&&er -, ,anad -rc)ean -m!let a #H% G&&er G&ton -rc)ean #H% VM$

?4

118

,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia =nigmati G&ton, 82.656 ( -g, a n #H% n #H% c #-&&alac)i 189 54.653 .a$H8, an Hrogen% 811 ,d, Pb, +n ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Vam& 28.918 ( -g, -!, Bake, 111 ?3?.?6 ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 6665 Coranda, #$!&erior% $!db!ry, #$o!t)ern Pro ince% 88.129 ( -g, -!, 544 59.383 ,!, +n 226 86.2?5 ( -g, -!, 233 8?.122 ,!, Pb, 226 +n

48?

Vam& Bake, H!d am Va!;e

464

Vermilion ,anad Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ Bake a o;oic #H% o;oic #H% Medge ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H% ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a n #H% n #H%

83?

.at)!rst, 85.196 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i ??? 66.?14 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 558 +n ,!&ra( 82.538 ( -g, -!, d7=strie( ?65 5?.151 ,d, ,!, Meedon( 326 +n $olbec, #-&&alac)i an Hrogen%

145

Meedon

151
4?4 Mestarm ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% M)alesba ,anad Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ ck a n #H% n #H% M)ite Bake Millec)o ,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$ Flin Flon, 28.684 ( -g, -!, #,)!rc)ill% 233 ?3?.81 ,!, +n 5444 Bittle .ay, 89.292 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 811 26.336 an Hrogen% ??? Flin Flon, 28.5?1 ( ,!, +n #,)!rc)ill% 111 ?3?.54 3333 Manito!'a 89.?59 ( -g, ,!, dge, ?65 82.881 +n #$!&erior% 111 Manito!'a 89.?22 ( -g, ,!, dge, 226 82.842 +n #$!&erior% 333 $no' 22.342 ( -g, -!, Bake, 458 ?33.38 ,! #,)!rc)ill% 1889 Mindy 29.566 ( -g, -!, ,raggy, 665 ?15.56 ,o, ,! #,ordillera% 6665 Minston Bake, #$!&erior% 89.334 ( -g, -!, 558 85.838 ,!, +n 111

125

438

458

451

Millroy

VM$

448

Mim

,anad Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,anad /riassic a #H% ,anad -rc)ean a #H% /riassic #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

?56

Mindy ,raggy Minston Bake

463

VM$

823

Mol erine ,anad De onian ,arboni"er VM$ a #H% o!s #H% Pa a ,anad -rc)ean a #H% -rc)ean #H% VM$

Matson 6?.813 ( -g, -!, Bake, 333 ?13.?4 ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 8888 +n Pa a, #$la e% 62.634 ( -g, -!, 558 ?35.91 ,!, Pb, 1111 +n

838

16?

Pork Harbo!r

,anad ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ a #H% n #H%

Pork 89.388 ( ,!, +n Harbo!r, 326 28.135 #-&&alac)i 558 an Hrogen% Minston Bake, #$!&erior% 88.955 ( -g, -!, 558 85.129 ,!, +n ?65

8?8

+enit), +enmac

,anad -rc)ean a #H%

-rc)ean #H%

VM$

85

/oA!i, =l ,)ile /oA!i, $an -ntonio =s&eran; ,!ba a

Meso;oic Meso;oic VM$ #H% #H%

/oA!i, ( ( +n #,ordillera% 82.333 5?.9?6 333 665

26

J!rassic #H%

J!rassic #H%

$!l&)ide $anta 44.5?6 ( ,! stock'or B!cia( 665 81.323 k Mata)ambr 333 e, #,aribbean Plate% $!l&)ide $anta 44.811 ( ,!, Pb, stock'or B!cia( 111 81.811 +n k Mata)ambr 111 e, #,aribbean

28

Mata)am ,!ba bre

J!rassic #H%

J!rassic #H%

152
Plate% 248 $ami!ki, Gm $ami!ki =gy&t Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ o;oic #H% o;oic #H% $ami!ki, #-rabian( C!bian $)ield% Gndo 48.466 18.833 ,!, Pb, 665 333 +n

249

Gndo, Fi*i C!k!nda mo -i*ala

Miocene #H%

Miocene #H%

VM$

( ?59.96 ,!, +n ?6.?66 6665 665

218

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

Metsamont 63.?66 41.423 ,! t!, #.altic 665 333 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Hammasla 64.866 13.311 ,! )ti, #.altic 665 111 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Ha eri, 6?.523 41.423 -!, ,! #.altic 333 333 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.494 49.?9? ,o, ,!, , #.altic 444 ??? Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.916 48.685 ,o, ,!, , #.altic ??? 444 Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.438 49.4?2 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 544 811 Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.883 49.144 -g, -!, , #.altic 811 558 ,o, ,!, #Fennosca Ci, +n ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.911 48.533 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 111 333 Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Metsamont 63.?66 41.423 -g, -!, t!, #.altic 665 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield%

213

Hammasl Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ a)ti d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

21?

Ha eri

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

261

Hieta*ar i Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

284

Hoikka

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

26?

Lett!k!m Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ &! d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

263

Lylyla)ti, Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ -lamalmi d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

283

B!ikonla)t Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ i d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

214

Metsamo Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ ntt! d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

153
211 Hri*ar i Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Metsamont 63.423 41.233 ,!, Pb, t!, #.altic 333 333 +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.5?6 48.966 -g, -!, , #.altic 665 665 ,o, ,!, #Fennosca Ci, +n ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.591 49.?88 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 326 6?? Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Py)asalmi, 61.629 42.388 -!, ,!, #.altic ?65 6?? +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Ka!)ala, 68.366 48.581 -g, -!, #.altic 665 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.5?6 48.533 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 665 333 Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.911 49.??6 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 111 665 Ci, ;n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.581 49.166 ,o, ,!, , #.altic 111 665 Ci, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Vi)anti, 68.8?6 42.?11 ,!, Pb, #.altic 665 111 +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% H!tok!m&! 64.566 49.?33 -g, -!, , #.altic 665 333 ,o, ,!, #Fennosca Ci, +n ndia% $)ield% H:ec ?2.2?6 ( ,! 665 89.281 111

219

H!tok!m& Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ !, Leretti d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

264

Perttila)ti Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

212

Py)asalmi Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

215

Ka!)ala

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

284

Kii)ila)ti

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

229

$aramaki, Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Mi)kali d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

281

$ola

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

216

Vi)anti, Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Bam&insa d ero;oic ero;oic ari #H% #H%

28?

V!onos

Finlan Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ d ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

245

H:ec

0!ate ,retaceo! ,retaceo! VM$ mala s #H% s #H% India Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$

??4

-*ari

.asantgar) 48.833 51.323 -g, ,!,

154
ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% , #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% Deri( -mba*i, #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% 333 333 +n

??3

-mba*i, India -mbamat a

Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

48.111 54.823 ,!, Pb, 111 333 +n

??1

.asantgar India )

Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

.asantgar) 48.666 51.423 -g, ,!, , #-ra alli( 665 333 +n Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% 46.??6 58.?11 ,!, Pb, 665 111 +n

??6

.irantiya( India L)!rd, .irantya( L)!rd

Meso&rote Meso&rote Massi e .irantiya( ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% s!l&)ide L)!rd, s #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% Deri( -mba*i, #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:%

???

Deri

India

48.156 54.811 ,!, Pb, 189 111 +n

??8

0olia

India

Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

.asantgar) 48.681 54.966 -g, ,!, , #-ra alli( 111 665 +n Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% .irantiya( L)!rd, #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% +a'ar, #-ra alli( Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% 46.366 58.?66 ,!, +n 665 665

??5

Lalabar

India

Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

?36

Pad!na Cort) .lock

India

Paleo&rot Paleo&rot ,oncord ero;oic ero;oic ant #H% #H% s!l&)ide s Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

48.466 51.685 Pb, +n 665 233

??2

Pi&ela

India

.asantgar) 48.611 54.911 -g, ,!, , #-ra alli( 111 111 +n Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% $aladi&!ra, 45.682 52.242 +n #-ra alli( 811 226 Del)i Hrogenic ,om&le:% 44.323 81.9?6 ,!, Pb

99

$aladi&!r India a

Paleo&rot Paleo&rot ,oncord ero;oic ero;oic ant #H% #H% s!l&)ide s

?33

$argi&ali, India

Paleo&rot Paleo&rot =nigmati $argi&ali,

155
$argi&alli ero;oic #H% ero;oic #H% c #,)otanag 333 &!r( $ing)b)!m ,raton% 665

288

- oca

Ireland Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ n #H% n #H% Miocene #H% VM$

- oca, 24.823 ( ,! #,aledonid 333 6.4233 es% 33 Hok!rok!, 83.181 ?83.52 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 3333 ,a$H8S4 Island -rc% H4H, ,!, Pb, +n .ess)i 11.823 ?11.1? -g, -!, 333 6665 ,o, ,!, +n

88?

-inai ( Ja&an Miocene F!r!tobe #H%

268

.ess)i

Ja&an J!rassic #H% Ja&an Miocene #H%

J!rassic #H% Miocene #H%

VM$

848

Dons!

VM$

Cis)i(-i;!, 15.181 ?19.86 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 6665 .a$H8, Island -rc% ,!, Pb, +n Hok!rok!, 83.48? ?83.29 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 665 2811 +n Island -rc% Hok!rok!, 83.411 ?83.68 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 111 1111 +n Island -rc% Hok!rok!, 83.1?6 ?83.88 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 665 1111 +n Island -rc% Hok!rok!, 83.?11 ?83.86 ,a$H8S4 #Hons)! 111 6665 H4H, ,!, Island -rc% Pb, +n /s!c)i)ata, 19.485 ?83.58 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 233 1326 +n Island -rc% Pos)ino, 19.433 ?83.6? -g, -!, #Hons)! 333 6665 ,!, +n Island -rc% /s!c)i)ata, 19.493 ?83.59 -g, -!, #Hons)! 458 6189 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n .ess)i 11.8?6 ?11.12 ,! 665 3333

889

=;!ri

Ja&an Miocene #H%

Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% J!rassic #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene

VM$

888

F!ka;a'a Ja&an Miocene #H% Hanaoka( Ja&an Miocene $)akanai #H% Hana'a, Ja&an Miocene $otoyama #H% Hatabira Ja&an Miocene #H% Ja&an Miocene #H%

VM$

882

VM$

822

VM$

849

VM$

884

Hisaka

VM$

814

Honnio;a Ja&an Miocene 'a #H% Ikada;! I'ami Ja&an J!rassic #H% Ja&an Miocene #H% Ja&an Miocene #H%

VM$

265 843

VM$ VM$

$anin, 12.?23 ?14.81 ,a$H8S4 #Hons)! 333 1111 H4H, ,!, Island -rc% Pb, +n Hok!rok!, 83.113 ?83.58 -g, -!, #Hons)! 333 9544 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n L!nitomi, 81.311 ?83.53 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 3333 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n L!nitomi, 81.311 ?83.53 ,!, Pb,

881

Losaka

VM$

812

L!nitomi ( Ja&an Miocene ? #H% L!nitomi ( Ja&an Miocene

VM$

815

VM$

156
4 818 #H% #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% VM$ #Hons)! 111 Island -rc% 3333 +n

L!nitomi ( Ja&an Miocene 1 #H% L!nitomi ( Ja&an Miocene 8 #H% L!rosa'a Ja&an Miocene #H% Mats!ki( Ja&an Miocene /akadate #H% Mats!min Ja&an Miocene e( #H% $)akanai Motoyam Ja&an Miocene a #H% Hs)io Ja&an Miocene #H%

L!nitomi, 81.311 ?83.53 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 3333 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n L!nitomi, 81.311 ?83.53 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 3333 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n Cis)i(-i;!, 15.123 ?19.11 -g, -!, #Hons)! 333 1111 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n Hok!rok!, 83.411 ?83.21 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 111 1111 +n Island -rc% Hok!rok!, 83.481 ?83.22 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 3333 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n Hok!rok!, 83.123 ?83.58 ,!, Pb, #Hons)! 226 16?? +n Island -rc% Cis)i(-i;!, 15.833 ?19.85 -g, -!, #Hons)! 333 2333 .a$H8, Island -rc% ,!, Pb, +n .ess)i .ess)i 11.933 ?11.26 -g, -!, 333 6665 ,!, +n 11.8?6 ?11.86 -g, -!, 665 6665 ,!, +n

819

VM$

844

VM$

885

VM$

886

VM$

888

VM$

848

VM$

266 262 813

$a;are $)irataki

Ja&an J!rassic #H% Ja&an J!rassic #H%

J!rassic #H% J!rassic #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H%

VM$ VM$ VM$

$)irats!c Ja&an Miocene )i #H% /akara Ja&an Miocene #H% Ja&an Miocene #H%

/s!c)i)ata, 19.481 ?83.55 -g, -!, #Hons)! 889 2333 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n /akara, 12.281 ?18.81 ,!, +n #Hons)! 111 1111 Island -rc% Cis)i(-i;!, 15.8?6 ?19.82 -g, -!, #Hons)! 665 3333 .a$H8, Island -rc% ,!, Pb, +n /s!c)i)ata, 19.132 ?83.55 -g, -!, #Hons)! 458 6988 ,!, +n Island -rc% $anin, 12.8?6 ?14.51 ,a$H8S4 #Hons)! 665 1111 H4H, ,!, Island -rc% Pb, +n /s!c)i)ata, 19.484 ?83.8? -g, -!, #Hons)! 444 ?988 ,! Island -rc% L!nitomi, 81.?81 ?83.58 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 1111 ,!, Pb, Island -rc% +n

842

VM$

845

/as)iro

VM$

81?

Genono( Ja&an Miocene Hkina;a' #H% a Manib!c) Ja&an Miocene i #H% Mas)inos Ja&an Miocene ! #H% Poic)i Ja&an Miocene #H%

Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H% Miocene #H%

VM$

84?

VM$

811

VM$

883

VM$

157
841 Pokota Ja&an Miocene #H% Miocene #H% VM$ Cis)i(-i;!, 15.181 ?19.86 -g, -!, #Hons)! 111 6665 .a$H8, Island -rc% ,!, Pb, +n Pos)ino, 19.433 ?83.61 -g, -!, #Hons)! 333 1111 ,!, +n Island -rc% .a'd'in, #$)an( Mest Malaysia( $!matra /errane% 41.??6 95.133 -g, ,!, 665 333 Pb, +n

846

Pos)ino

Ja&an Miocene #H%

Miocene #H%

VM$

?52

.a'd'in Myan mar

,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ #H% n #H%

6?9

.*orkasen Cor'a ,ambrian Hrdo icia VM$ y #H% n #H% ,)arlotta Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% Dragset Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

.*orkasen, 68.111 ?6.566 ,!, +n #,aledonid 111 665 es% $!lit*elma, 65.??6 ?2.833 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Bokken, 61.?23 9.2811 -g, ,!, #,aledonid 333 11 +n es% $!lit*elma, 65.??6 ?2.833 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Joma, 68.823 ?1.166 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 665 es% Folldal, 64.393 9.8111 ,!, +n #,aledonid 458 11 es%

63?

638

633

0iken

631

0*ers ik

642

0rimsdale Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ n( y n #H% n #H% 0rimsdals gr! a, 0rimsdal Hankabak Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ ken y n #H% n #H% Hers*o Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

299

$!lit*elma, 65.??6 ?2.833 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Lillingdal, 64.833 ??.?23 ,!, Pb, #,aledonid 333 333 +n es% Folldal, 64.?85 ?3.?95 ,!, +n #,aledonid 444 444 es% Bokken, 61.?11 9.5811 ,!, +n #,aledonid 111 11 es% $!lit*elma, 65.366 ?2.533 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Joma, 68.823 ?1.881 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 111 es%

6??

641

Ho edgr! Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ a, 0amle y n #H% n #H% Folldal Hoydal, Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Hoydalen, y n #H% n #H% Hoid Jakobsba Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ kken y n #H% n #H% Joma Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

635

296

634

158
6?3 Lillingdal Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% L*oli Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% Lillingdal, 64.833 ??.233 ,!, Pb, #,aledonid 333 333 +n es% Lillingdal, 64.866 ??.623 ,! #,aledonid 665 333 es% Lillingdal, 64.666 ??.133 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Lillingdal, 64.6?6 ??.111 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 111 es% Bokken, 61.??6 9.6811 ,!, Pb, #,aledonid 665 11 +n es% Lillingdal, 64.5?6 ??.133 ,! #,aledonid 665 333 es% Folldal, 64.?23 ?3.?11 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 111 es% $!lit*elma, 65.??6 ?2.833 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 333 es% Folldal, 64.?33 9.9811 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 11 es% Lillingdal, 64.611 ??.633 ,!, +n #,aledonid 111 333 es% Lillingdal, 64.923 ??.8?6 ,! #,aledonid 333 665 es%

6?5

6?1

Longens, Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Longen y n #H% n #H% Bergr! ba Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ kken, y n #H% n #H% Bergr! be kken Bokken Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H% Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

6?4

636

6?8

M!gg

64?

Cordre Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ 0eitrygge y n #H% n #H% n Cy Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $!lit*elma y n #H% n #H% Cygr! a Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

298

648

6?6

Hla , Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Hla sgr! y n #H% n #H% a Kod)amm Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ eren, y n #H% n #H% Kod)amm e, Kod)amm er Kost ang Cor'a ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ en y #H% #H%

6?8

643

Kost ange 64.181 ?3.166 ,! n, 111 665 #,aledonid es% $!lit*elma, 65.?33 ?2.533 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 333 es% $koro as, 68.233 ?4.633 ,!, +n #,aledonid 333 333 es% $koro as, 68.6?6 ?1.?11 ,!, +n #,aledonid 665 111 es% Folldal, 64.?11 ?3.?23 ,!, +n

295

$agmo

Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

632

$ki"tesmy Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ r y n #H% n #H% $koro as Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ s y n #H% n #H% $ondre Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$

638

644

159
0eitrygge y n 6?2 n #H% n #H% #,aledonid 111 es% 333

$tor arts, Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $tor'art;, y n #H% n #H% $tor'arts / err"*elle Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ t y n #H% n #H% Vigsnes( Kodkle Cor'a Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ y n #H% n #H%

Lillingdal, 64.611 ??.111 ,!, +n #,aledonid 111 111 es% / err"*ellet, 64.4?6 9.2111 -g, -!, #,aledonid 665 11 ,!, Pb, es% +n Vigsnes( 29.123 2.4233 ,!, +n Kodkle , 333 33 #,aledonid es% -l*!strel, 15.85? ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian 665 8.?295 Pb, +n Hrogenic 44 .elt% -l*!strel, 15.886 ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian ??? 8.?211 Pb, +n Hrogenic 11 .elt% -l*!strel, 15.859 ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian 544 8.?86? Pb, +n Hrogenic ?? .elt% -l*!strel, 15.883 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 333 8.?981 ,!, Pb, Hrogenic 11 +n .elt% Bo!sal, 18.318 ( ,!, Pb, #Hercynian 326 8.8488 +n Hrogenic 88 .elt% -l*!strel, 15.888 ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian 544 8.?533 Pb, +n Hrogenic 33 .elt% Ce es( 15.28? ( -g, ,!, ,or o, 189 5.9616 Pb, $n, #Hercynian ?? +n Hrogenic .elt% $ao 15.658 ( ,!, +n Domingos, 111 5.89?6 #Hercynian 65 Hrogenic .elt% -l*!strel, 15.882 ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian 811 8.?8?? Pb, +n Hrogenic ?? .elt% -reac)a&, ( 4?.311 ,!, +n #CamaA!a% 48.481 111

639

646

645

-lgares

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

648

=stacao

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

649

Feitais

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

613

0a iao

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

686

Bo!sal

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

61?

Moin)o

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

68?

Ce es( ,or o

Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ al #H% o!s #H%

689

$ao Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ Domingos al #H% o!s #H% , $an Domingos $ao Joao, Port!g De onian ,arboni"er VM$ $ao Joao al #H% o!s #H% do Deserto -reac)a& $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H%

614

824

160
111 ?1? .ig $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote <Hybrid< -ggeneys, ( ?8.566 -g, ,!, $yncline, -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% #VM$( #CamaA!a% 49.411 665 Pb, +n .ig $yn $ede:% 111 .lack $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ Mo!ntain -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% .roken Hill Prieska $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote VM$ -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% -ggeneys, ( ?8.566 -g, ,!, #CamaA!a% 49.411 665 Pb, +n 111 -ggeneys, ( ?8.566 -g, ,!, #CamaA!a% 49.411 665 Mt, Pb, 111 +n Prieska, #T ( 44.133 ,!, +n L)eis .elt% 49.911 333 111

?13

?49

821

826

P!tsberg $o!t) Meso&rote Meso&rote =nigmati P!tsberg, ( ?9.611 -g, ,!, -"rica ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% c #CamaA!a% 49.123 111 Pb, +n 333 -g!as /enidas $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H% -g!as 15.566 ( ,!, Pb, /enidas, 988 6.8434 +n #Hercynian 58 Hrogenic .elt% /)arsis, 15.258 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 6?? 5.3952 ,!, Pb, Hrogenic 33 +n .elt% -;nalcollar 15.2?6 ( -g, -!, (Bos 988 6.419? ,!, Pb, Frailles, 65 +n #Hercynian Hrogenic .elt% /)arsis, 15.282 ( #Hercynian 333 5.??9? Hrogenic 65 .elt% Kio /into, 15.538 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 111 6.2823 ,! Hrogenic 33 .elt% /)arsis, 15.292 ( ,!, Pb, #Hercynian 458 5.?4?9 +n Hrogenic 88 .elt% /)arsis, 15.633 ( -!, ,!, #Hercynian 333 5.?381 Pb, +n Hrogenic 11 .elt%

681

615

-lmagrera $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ (Ba&illa #H% o!s #H%

688

-;nacolla $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ r #H% o!s #H%

62?

,antarera $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ s #H% o!s #H%

611

,erro $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ ,olorado #H% o!s #H%

618

Filon ,entro

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

616

Filon $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ Corte( #H% o!s #H% $ierra .!llones( $an 0!illerm Filon $!r $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

619

/)arsis, 15.293 ( -g, -! #Hercynian 333 5.??13 Hrogenic 26

161
.elt% 684 Ba +ar;a $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H% Ba +ar;a, 15.541 ( ,!, Pb, #Hercynian 326 6.8581 +n Hrogenic 11 .elt% /)arsis, 15.614 ( #Hercynian 558 5.?68? Hrogenic 65 .elt% Bas 15.232 ( ,! ,r!ces, 811 6.389? #Hercynian 65 Hrogenic .elt% -;nalcollar 15.246 ( ,!, Pb, (Bos 189 6.4438 +n Frailles, 11 #Hercynian Hrogenic .elt% $otiel, 15.639 ( ,!, Pb, #Hercynian 544 6.8181 +n Hrogenic 11 .elt% /)arsis, 15.295 ( ,! #Hercynian 558 5.3911 Hrogenic 11 .elt% Kio /into, 15.535 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 558 6.2266 ,!, Pb, Hrogenic 65 +n .elt% Kio /into, 15.536 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 988 6.63?1 ,!, Pb, Hrogenic 89 +n .elt% $an Platon, 15.565 ( -g, -!, #Hercynian 233 6.6523 ,!, Pb, Hrogenic 33 +n .elt% $otiel, 15.632 ( ,!, Pb, #Hercynian 458 6.8852 +n Hrogenic 33 .elt% /)arsis, 15.281 ( #Hercynian 6?? 5.???9 Hrogenic 88 .elt% $kelle"te, 68.881 43.423 -g, -!, #.altic 111 333 ,!, +n #Fennosca ndia%

683

Bag!na;o $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

628

Bas ,r!ces

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

682

Bos $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ Frailles, #H% o!s #H% -rroyo de los Frailles, -r Migollas $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

688

623

Prado Vicioso

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

618

$an -ntonio( Planes $an Dionisio( ,orta -talaya $an Platon

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

612

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

621

$&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

685

$otiel $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ ,oronada #H% o!s #H% , $otiel, Minas las Vina V!lcano $&ain De onian ,arboni"er VM$ #H% o!s #H%

624

288

-k!lla, -k!lla Vastra

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

162
$)ield% 224 -sen $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% $kelle"te, 68.911 ?9.881 #.altic 111 111 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% -g, -!, .a$H8, ,!, Pb, +n

269

.*!r"ors

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

$kelle"te, 62.333 ?9.6?6 -g, -!, #.altic 333 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.3?6 ?9.611 -g, -!, #.altic 665 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.333 ?9.681 ,!, +n #.altic 333 111 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.866 43.166 -g, -!, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.311 ?9.166 -g, -!, #.altic 111 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Fal!n, 63.633 ?2.6?6 -g, -!, #.altic 333 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% 0ar&enber 63.1?6 ?6.?66 -g, -!, g, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.3?6 ?9.866 -g, -!, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.?33 ?9.281 -g, -!, #.altic 333 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.9?6 43.466 -g, -!, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n

226

.*!rliden

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

268

.*!rtrask $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

282

.oliden

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

258

=l aberge $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ t n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

282

Fal!n

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

285

0ar&enbe $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ rg n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

25?

Hogk!lla, $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Hstra n ero;oic ero;oic Hogk!lla #H% #H%

251

Holmt*arn $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

289

Lankberg $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

163
ndia% $)ield% 221 Ledtrask $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% $kelle"te, 68.923 ?9.933 -g, -!, #.altic 333 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Lristineber 62.381 ?8.223 -g, -!, g, #.altic 111 333 ,!, +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Lristineber 62.366 ?8.223 -g, -!, g, #.altic 665 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.811 43.466 -g, -!, #.altic 111 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.811 43.466 -g, -!, #.altic 111 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.366 ?9.2?6 -g, -!, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Kakke*a!r( 62.?33 ?9.??6 -g, -!, Casliden, 333 665 ,!, Pb, #.altic +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 62.311 ?9.223 -g, -!, #.altic 111 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Hster 63.1?6 ?2.6?6 -g, -!, $il berg, 665 665 ,!, Pb, #.altic +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.923 43.366 -g, -!, #.altic 333 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield%

256

Lim)eden $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

228

Lristinebe $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ rg n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

286

Bangdal

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

285

Bangsele $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

254

Ma!rliden $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

252

Casliden

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

253

Corrliden, $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Corrliden n ero;oic ero;oic C #H% #H%

293

Hster $il berg

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

22?

Petiknas

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

164
225 Kakke*a!r $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Kakke*a!r( 62.?11 ?9.??6 -g, -!, Casliden, 111 665 ,!, +n #.altic #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% Lristineber 62.366 ?8.866 -g, -!, g, #.altic 665 665 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Lristineber 62.381 ?8.233 -g, -!, g, #.altic 111 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $kelle"te, 68.911 43.?33 -g, -!, #.altic 111 333 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $ala, 29.933 ?6.266 -g, Pb, #.altic 333 665 +n #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% $a:berget, 63.?23 ?8.911 -g, -!, #.altic 333 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $teken*okk 62.?33 ?8.823 -g, -!, (Be i, 333 333 ,!, Pb, #,aledonid +n es% $kelle"te, 68.966 ?9.811 -g, -!, #.altic 665 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% $teken*okk 62.?33 ?8.181 -g, -!, (Be i, 333 111 ,!, Pb, #,aledonid +n es% $kelle"te, 68.923 ?9.811 -g, -!, #.altic 333 111 ,!, Pb, #Fennosca +n ndia% $)ield% Gto, #.altic 28.923 ?8.111 -g, Pb, #Fennosca 333 111 +n ndia% $)ield% +incgr! an 28.566 ?2.323 -g, Pb,

258

Ka liden

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

255

Ka lidmyr $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ an n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

223

Kenstrom $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

289

$ala

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

286

$a:berget $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

283

$teken*ok $'ede $il!rian k(Be i n #H%

$il!rian #H%

VM$

222

$ ansele $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

294

/*okkola

$'ede $il!rian n #H%

$il!rian #H%

VM$

228

Gdden

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

29?

Gto

$'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ n ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

288

+incgr! a $'ede Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$

165
n, n -mmeber g 858 ero;oic #H% ero;oic #H% , #.altic 665 #Fennosca ndia% $)ield% VM$ 333 +n

-"tert)o!g Gnited Permian )t $tates #H% -rctic

Permian #H%

=ast 83.5?6 ( -g, -!, $)asta, 665 ?44.36 ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 6665 +n -mbler, #-rtic -laska /errane% 65.?81 ( -g, -!, 111 ?26.16 ,!, Pb, 6665 +n

825

Gnited De onian ,arboni"er VM$ $tates #H% o!s #H%

85?

.alaklala, Gnited De onian De onian VM$ .alakla a $tates #H% #H% .ald Gnited Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ Mo!ntain $tates n #H% n #H%

Mest 83.548 ( -g, -!, $)asta, ?65 ?44.23 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 3333 .ald 86.511 ( -g, -!, Mo!ntain, 111 68.581 ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 111 an Hrogen% Badysmit), 82.133 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 333 93.633 ,! 333 0ossan 16.533 ( ,!, Pb, Bead, 333 83.823 +n #-&&alac)i 333 an Hrogen% .ig .end, 19.681 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 111 ?4?.82 ,!, Pb, 3333 +n .ig Mike, 83.5?6 ( ,! #,ordillera% 665 ??5.26 6665 .lack)a'k, 88.811 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 111 68.566 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 .l!e Moon, 15.466 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 665 ?43.26 ,!, Pb, 6665 +n .agdad, 18.2?6 ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 665 ??1.41 1111 =ast 83.581 ( -g, -!, $)asta, 111 ?44.43 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 3333 ,randon, 82.666 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 665 88.633 ,!, +n 333 ,)estatee, 18.223 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 333 81.811 an Hrogen% 111 Verde, 18.533 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ??4.38 ,!

243

238

.end

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

238

.etty .aker

88?

.ig .end Gnited Paleo;oic Paleo;oic VM$ $tates #H% #H% .ig Mike Gnited Paleo;oic Paleo;oic VM$ $tates #H% #H%

894

24?

.lack)a' Gnited De onian De onian VM$ k $tates #H% #H% .l!e Moon .r!ce Gnited J!rassic $tates #H% J!rassic #H% VM$

883

868

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Permian #H% VM$

859

.!lly Hill( Gnited Permian Kising $tates #H% $tar

895

,at'illo' Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% ,)estatee Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H% ,o&&er ,)ie" Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic

239

864

166
#H% 865 ,o&&er Ling ,o&&er I!een #H% 1111 .agdad, 18.266 ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 665 ??1.4? 6665 .agdad, 18.2?6 ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 665 ??1.4? 6665 Penn, 15.923 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?43.61 ,! 1111

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% J!rassic #H% VM$

866

884

,o&&ero& Gnited J!rassic olis, Cort) $tates #H% Leystone, Leystone G

235

,ranberry Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

0ossan 16.581 ( ,!, +n Bead, 111 83.581 #-&&alac)i 111 an Hrogen% ,randon, 82.881 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 111 88.9?6 ,!, Pb, 665 +n ,roydon, 81.811 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 111 54.423 an Hrogen% 333 .lack)a'k, 88.4?6 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 665 68.511 ,!, +n an Hrogen% 111 D!ckto'n, 12.323 ( ,! #-&&alac)i 333 88.833 an 333 Hrogen% Mest 83.546 ( -g, -!, $)asta, 665 ?44.2? ,! #,ordillera% 8111 Badysmit), 82.233 ( ,!, +n #$o!t)ern% 333 9?.?23 333 =li;abet), 81.8?6 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 665 54.111 ,!, +n an Hrogen% 111 =li;abet), 81.9?6 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 665 54.481 an Hrogen% 111 .lack)a'k, 88.811 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 111 68.566 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 665 +n

892

,randon

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $tates n #H% n #H%

2?5

,roydon

248

Deer Isle Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% D!ckto'n Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

291

855

=arly .ird Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% =isenbrey Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ , $tates ero;oic ero;oic /)orna&&l #H% #H% e =li;abet) Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% =ly Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H%

231

2?1

2?2

242

=merson( Gnited De onian De onian VM$ Cort) $tates #H% #H% ,astine, Jones and Dodge, Flambea! Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Franklin,

234

Badysmit), 82.811 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 111 9?.??6 ,!, +n 665 85.??6 ( Mn, +n

232

Gnited Meso&rote Meso&rote =nigmati Franklin,

167
Franklin F!rnace 853 0olinsky $tates ro;oic #H% ro;oic #H% c Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited J!rassic $tates #H% Gnited /riassic $tates #H% J!rassic #H% /riassic #H% VM$ #-&&alac)i 665 an Hrogen% 58.266 665

Mest 83.55? ( -g, -!, $)asta, 988 ?44.55 ,!, +n #,ordillera% ?988 0ray 8?.881 ( =agle, 111 ?41.16 #,ordillera% 6665 0reens 28.366 ( -g, -!, ,reek, 665 ?18.6? ,!, Pb, #,ordillera% 6665 +n $omo, 82.211 ( ,!, +n #$o!t)ern% 111 89.811 111 $omo, 82.2?6 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 665 89.533 ,!, Pb, 333 +n .agdad, 18.233 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ??4.42 ,!, Pb, 8111 +n Mest 83.659 ( -g, -!, $)asta, 888 ?44.24 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 6??? 0ossan 16.9?6 ( ,!, +n Bead, 665 83.533 #-&&alac)i 333 an Hrogen% Island 83.311 ( -g, -!, Mo!ntain, 889 ?41.89 ,! #,ordillera% 8?65 Jenny 11.581 ( ,!, +n $tone, 111 88.9?6 #-&&alac)i 665 an Hrogen% Mest 83.5?9 ( -g, -!, $)asta, ?65 ?44.23 ,! #,ordillera% 5558 $omo, 82.681 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern% 111 89.966 ,!, Pb, 665 +n Mest 83.561 ( -g, -!, $)asta, 111 ?44.82 ,!, +n #,ordillera% 8111 Milan, 88.266 ( ,!, Pb, #-&&alac)i 665 5?.423 +n an Hrogen% 333 Mineral, 18.312 ( #-&&alac)i 333 55.899 an Hrogen% ?65 Mo!nt ,)ase, 86.?11 ( -g, ,!, 6?? 68.858 Pb, +n

882

0ray =agle 0reens ,reek Ha'k

829

VM$

899

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

233

Horse $)oe

868

Iron Ling Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Iron Gnited De onian De onian VM$ Mo!ntain $tates #H% #H% Iron Kidge Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

869

236

888

Island Gnited ,retaceo! ,retaceo! VM$ Mo!ntain $tates s #H% s #H% Jenny $tone Gnited Ceo&roter Ceo&roter VM$ $tates o;oic #H% o;oic #H%

2?3

856

Leystone Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Bynne Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

898

852

Mammot) Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Milan Gnited Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $tates n #H% n #H% Gnited ,ambrian ,ambrian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $tates n #H% n #H%

2?4

298

Mineral

281

Mo!nt ,)ase

168
#-&&alac)i an Hrogen% 886 Ce'ton Gnited J!rassic $tates #H% J!rassic #H% VM$ 544

Penn, 18.123 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?43.93 ,!, Pb 3333 .agdad, 18.211 ( ,!, +n #,ordillera% 111 ??1.41 1111 =li;abet), 81.881 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 111 54.123 an Hrogen% 333 Hre Hill, 81.911 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 111 5?.923 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 333 +n Pecos 12.566 ( -g, -!, 665 ?32.66 ,!, Pb, 6665 +n

862

Hld Dick

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

2?8

Hrange Gnited De onian De onian VM$ and 0o e $tates #H% #H% Hre Hill Gnited Hrdo icia Hrdo icia VM$ $tates n #H% n #H% Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% Gnited J!rassic $tates #H% J!rassic #H% VM$

2??

89?

Pecos

896

Pelican, Pelican Ki er Penn, Penn +inc, ,am&o $eco

,randon, 82.223 ( #$o!t)ern% 333 89.466 665 Penn, 18.433 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ?43.88 ,!, +n 1111

881

244

Penobsco Gnited De onian De onian VM$ t, $tates #H% #H% Harborsid e Pike Hill Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited Permian $tates #H% Permian #H% VM$

.lack)a'k, 88.123 ( -g, ,!, #-&&alac)i 333 68.566 Pb, +n an Hrogen% 665 =li;abet), 88.366 ( ,!, +n #-&&alac)i 665 54.133 an Hrogen% 333 Pyriton, 11.123 ( #-&&alac)i 333 82.8?6 an Hrogen% 665 Ked Bedge, 82.442 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ??6.66 ,!, +n 6665 $omo, 82.881 ( -!, ,!, #$o!t)ern% 111 93.366 +n 665 K!a ,o e, 63.184 ( -g, -!, #$o!t)ern 233 ?85.62 ,! Margin 6665 ,om&osite /errane% Mest 83.51? ( -g, -!, $)asta, ??? ?44.89 ,! #,ordillera% 6??? Mest $)asta, 83.5?? ( -g, -!, 189 ?44.2? ,!

2?6

292

Pyriton

891

Ked Bedge Kitc)ie ,reek

23?

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H% =ocene #H% VM$

828

K!a ,o e Gnited =ocene $tates #H%

858

$)asta Ling $to'ell

Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H%

854

169
#,ordillera% 851 $!tro Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited De onian De onian VM$ $tates #H% #H% Gnited J!rassic $tates #H% J!rassic #H% VM$ 16??

Mest 83.58? ( -g, -!, $)asta, 665 ?44.85 ,! #,ordillera% 4558 .lack)a'k, 88.181 ( -g, -!, #-&&alac)i 111 68.566 ,!, Pb, an Hrogen% 665 +n /!rner 84.333 ( -g, -!, -lbrig)t, 333 ?41.56 ,o, ,!, #,ordillera% 6665 +n Verde, 18.521 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 889 ??4.?4 ,! ?988 Verde, 18.523 ( -g, -!, #,ordillera% 333 ??4.?3 ,! 9888 Verde, 18.511 ( -g, ,! #,ordillera% 111 ??4.?? 6665

241

/a&ley

898

/!rner -lbrig)t Gnited Verde

863

Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

86?

Gnited Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ Verde $tates ero;oic ero;oic =:tension #H% #H% Verde ,entral Gnited Paleo&rot Paleo&rot VM$ $tates ero;oic ero;oic #H% #H%

861