Understanding the Gene Pool

GHS Biology

Do Now (in your notebook)

3/26/14 Mutation and Variation Warm-up Mutations are common and random. 1. Write this DNA sequence: TACCGTCTGAAAGGT 2. Translate this DNA sequence into mRNA 3. Transcribe this mRNA into a protein 4. Alter the DNA sequence from step 1 by inserting two new bases. Repeat steps 1-3.

Check for Understanding

True/False Mutations change DNA by deleting, inserting, or substituting a base letter.

Genetic Variation
Genetic variation- different allele versions of a gene.
Examples: Different skin colors Different face shapes Different hair colors

Genetic Variation: 2 Sources

Mutation

Recombination

Learning Targets
Review genetics terms Learn new terms Begin to connect family genetics to population genetics.

Genetics Review
Chromosomewound up DNA DNA- All genetic information in cells Gene- section of DNA that codes for a protein trait

Genetics Review
Gene- section of DNA that codes for a trait Gene locus- location of gene on DNA strand Allele- different versions of a gene

Genetics Review
Diploid (2n) - Two sets of chromosomes. (Biomom + Biodad)
Allele: ____ Allele: ____

Allele: ____

Allele: ____

Allele: ____

Allele: ____

Genetics Review
Allele- different versions of a gene Genotype- allele combination for a trait Phenotypeexpressed trait

Population
Population- organisms that live close to one another and interbreed, but do not breed with similar organisms. Lots of family trees!

Understanding Terms
Viable offspring- healthy offspring Interbreed- mate with one another to produce viable offspring. Inbreed- mate with a close family relative, producing unviable offspring. Question: Why do you think inbreeding causes unhealthy offspring?
Think about Blue people!

Genes and Populations

Gene pool- total sum of all alleles within a given population.

Species

Species- Members of populations that can interbreed. The largest gene pool possible.

Exit Ticket (on half sheet of paper)

Select the right answer. 1. Genetic variation is:
a.) Different allele versions of a gene b.) Same allele versions of a gene

2. Which is big enough to count as a genepool?

a.) all the alleles in a family b.) all the alleles in a population

Allele Frequency
Allele frequency= proportion of an allele in a population. Calculating Allele Frequency: Total allele type / total alleles = allele frequency T= PTC taster allele t= PTC nontaster allele Ft = total (t) allele / total alleles (t +T) Ft + FT = 1 1= 100%

Check for Understanding

Calculate the allele frequency for the following diploid (two alleles) population of 32: Total t= 36 Total T= 28 Total alleles= 32 Ft = 36/64 = ______ FT= __/64 =______ Does Ft + FT = 1?

Genotype Frequency
Genotype frequency= proportion of each genotype in a population. Calculating genotype Frequency: Total genotype type / total genotypes= genotype frequency FTT= total (TT) genotype/ total genotypes(TT+ Tt + tt) FTt + Ftt+ FTt = 1

Check for Understanding

Calculate the genotype frequency for the following diploid (two alleles) population of 32: Total TT= 6 Total Tt= 15 Total tt= 11 Total genotypes= FTT = 6/32= ______ FTt= 15/32 = ________ Ftt= ______ Does FTT + FTt + Ftt = 1?