York 1 Embryonic Stem Cell Research

Jacqueline M. York

English IV 5B Mrs. Jones 19 March, 2014

York 2 Outline Thesis: Many say that the cell research decrease the high abortion percentage by donating their embryo cells, but there are people who are against the procedure because it goes against what they believe in. I. History of Embryonic Stem Cell Research A. What is it? B. When does it occur? C. What can it do? II. Understanding of the cell A. Controversy B. Questions people are asking III. What is the procedure? A. The steps of the procedures B. The risk IV. Pros A. Where are the cells grown B. What diseases can they treat? C. Health aspects V. Cons A. How it interferes with human life B. Cloning of humans? C. Others cells VI. Will it help decrease the abortion rate?

York 3 A. How can it happen? B. Will it be effective? C. Who is wiling to do it? VII. Animals being tested A. Should animals be tested? B. Who is against it and why? C. Is it wrong?

VIII.

Future A. What is it currently being used for? B. What will it be used for in the future?

IX.

Legal information A. Should it be legal? B. Why are there no federal funds? C. Lawsuits

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Jacqueline M. York Mrs. Jones English IV 5B Final Research Paper March 19, 2014

Embryonic Stem Cell

Embryonic stem cell research has saved many lives. It has pros and cons because the procedure doesnt always work out the way you want it to. This research has formed muscle cells, heart cells, and many other types of cells. The procedure has cured many diseases and saved many born and unborn lives. Many say that the cell research decrease

York 5 the high abortion percentage by donating their embryonic cells, but there are people who are against the procedure because it goes against what they believe in. People dont know much about the history about embryonic stem cell research. When you think about the research and its procedures you would probably think about the cloning of a human. It isnt about the cloning of something; it has many positive outcomes to it. Human embryonic stem cells are called master cells, because they can be transformed into just about anything. You can help others because by donating the cells you can save a life born or unborn. It may not be healthy, sometimes because according to research it occasionally causes cancer and very serious birth defects. This procedure mainly occurs when a cell is being donated to a female who is wishing to be fertile. Having a good understanding of how normal cells are developed would allow doctors and scientist to correct the medical conditions that causes patients to lose cells. Scientist says that stem cells hold the key to treatment and cure of many medical conditions. Even those these stem cells may change or cure peoples lives, there are religious group and others who oppose tis. They are against the destruction of human embryos. There is a lot of controversy about if the embryo stem cell research. Questions like is a human embryo equivalent to a human child, should the destruction of an embryo be considered as the destruction of a human, and does life begin at fertilization or at birth. Researchers say that the controversy over the use of the embryonic cells can cause this to end. Many people support the cell research and they are cautious of what they are doing and what people are thinking. They know that the research can save a persons life, but also that it has its pros and cons that may vary.

York 6 What is the embryo transfer procedure? This procedure begins by freezing the embryos a certain way and saving them for the time that they are used. Once the embryo is frozen it continues to grow. As the cells grow it turns into a morula. The cells inside the morula divide and turn into a blastocyst. Once the blastocyst hatches, it begins to attach itself to the uterus. When the blastocyst is deep into the uterine it implants itself. After the completion of implantation is done the cell will become a fetus. HCG will begin to flow through the blood stream. When the levels of HCG are high enough, it is safe to say that the female is pregnant. The female can then proceed with his pregnancy and go to the doctor for check ups. To know the pros and cons of stem cell research you must know what it is. Stem cell research is investigation of different cells. Sometimes the cells are grown in laboratories. Stem cell research can help treat many different medical problems. It can lead to better treatment for diseases. It can also probably cure a number of diseases. Birth defects can be cured easily and many more diseases. Better treatment for these diseases can give an economic gain for society. According to my research, today the donated organs and tissues are often used to replace those that are diseased or have destroyed cells. The research will give you great information about the basics of the human body. The outcome of the researches is very successful. The research also brings new and exciting ways to look at science. There are many reasons for the embryonic stem cell transfer. One of the major reasons is to enable conception of a child. This procedure occurs mainly when people are not able to get pregnant, and when they need to restore cells.

York 7 The cons about stem cell research are that it messes with human life, and people believe in letting things just happen with no interference. Some people say that stem cell research may be used in the future to make clones of humans. Sometimes the results of the research can be false and mess up things. It is hard to make sure that the results are accurate. The research also involves the destruction of blastocysts formed in the laboratory. Blastocysts are like humans to the scientist, and to destroy one of those is unacceptable and wrong. Embryonic stem cells can help decrease the abortion rate. The cells can be taken and donated to a person who is unfortunate and cannot produce a child. Instead of allowing the fetus to form and killing it at an early stage the embryonic transfer should be one of the first choices. I think that this procedure should become a law or funded by the government so that it can happen and become more effective and popular. Making this procedure common knowledge to the communities can help save more unborn lives and expand the country population. If it was funded I think it would be very effective because no one wants to kill babies. This can happen by getting someone to bring to the governments attention. This would be a very positive way to use the embryonic procedure. It may even help us discover more about the research. In my opinion, I think that by donating the embryo it will decrease the rate of abortions. But according to my research it says otherwise. Donating the embryos is one of the smartest choices done with this research of the embryo. It has so many positive aspects, it over weighs the cons. All procedures are tested on animals before they are done on humans. Some of the research done with animals tells us that the cells can be transformed into insulin producing cells. There is also a problem with animals being tested on. Some of the

York 8 procedures can result in death. Many animal lovers are against this because the world needs animals. But how will the procedures and research be tested out if it isnt tested on animals? This is also a controversy, because it messes with natural habitats. The embryonic stem cell is currently being used to show and explain how different organisms can form a fertilized egg. Some scientists see the cells being used to replace cells for patients with diabetes, Parkinsons disease, and liver failure. The cells can also possibly be used to mend heart complications in the future. Since heart failure has been one of the most common causes of death, scientists are doing research to use the cells to repair damaged heart tissues. Many people are questioning if working with embryonic stem cells should be legal. According to research people look at the embryos as a person and believe that you shouldnt mess with the creation of it. And others believe that is, the procedure is for a good cause, because it can help save a life. During the procedure, the destruction of a embryo cell can take place, but would you rather someone have an abortion and kill the fetus instead of taking the risk of saving its life and giving it a chance to live? That possibility is what starts all of the controversy. There are no federal funds used to support this research. All research being done is done with private funding. Any funding has been banned from the executive director and the legislative. No one wanted to support the creation of human embryos or the research. There have been several lawsuits regarding the stem cell research. When people found out that embryos which were considered as humans are being destroyed in the process of the research and the procedure it became a major problem.

York 9 There will probably always have controversy about whether embryonic stem cells research and procedures should be legal or not. But the procedure is still a very effective one. However, people will have their differences and laws must be followed. But to address other concerns, their should be federal funds for research, such as embryonic stem cell research, it helps save lives born and unborn which is a very good reason to have funds provided. There should also be educational advertisements for people who may be interested in the procedure.

York 10 Work Cited

Bethseda, MD.Stem Cell Information" National Institutes of health, U.S department of Health and Human Services,2002 National Geographic. 1996http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health/andhuman/ human-body/stem-cell-divide/#colse-modal 14 March 2014. Health RF. Embryonic Stem Cell Research Pros and Cons March 10, 2014 pg1 March 10 2014