Psychoacoustics andtheMP3Codec

PresentationBy:RamiBotros Supervisor:RobOpdam

 Purpose:Giveanintroductionabout Psychoacoustics,thenshowapplicationsofit intheMP3codec

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

Introduction
FromtheofficialhomepageoftheMoving PictureExpertsGroup

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

Outline
Psychoacoustics Perceptualcodecs Masking
TemporalMasking SimultaneousMasking

MP3codec
Encodingscheme

OutlookandConclusion
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Psychoacoustics
Therelationbetweenphysicalaspectsof acousticeventsandtheresultinghuman auditoryperceptions[2].

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

Psychoacoustics

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

Psychoacoustics
Examples:
Sensitivitytorangesofamplitudesorfrequencies loudness Indisguinshablity betweencertainwaveforms Soundlocalization

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

Psychoacoustics
Psychoacousticsdealswithsubjective perception Sometimesreliesonsurveyinghuman subjects

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

PerceptualCodecs
Codec:Algorithmtoconvertinformationtocodeand viceversa. Humansdonotprocessalldatatheysense Perceptualcodecneglectsdatathatcannotbe perceived Perceptualcodecsarelossy. Upto90%compression

PsychoacousticsandtheMP3Codec

MaskingEffect
Afainter,butdistinctlyaudiblesignal(the maskee)becomesinaudiblewhena correspondinglyloudersignaloccurs.

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TemporalMasking
Similarfrequencyconsecutivesoundscan maskeachother

[2]
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TemporalMaskingDemonstration
Forwardmasking 100msdelay 10msdelay BackwardMasking 100msdelay 10msdelay <10msdelay
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SimultaneousMasking
Forsignalswithsimilarfrequencies Total:24frequencybands[4]

[2]
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FrequencyMaskingDemonstration
Singlereferencetonefollowedbytwotones Thehigherfrequencytoneisreducedin amplitudebystepsof5dB. Sequencerepeatedwithlargerfrequency separation

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FrequencyMaskingDemonstration2
Largeramplitudemasksbroaderrangeof frequencies Puretonesmaskhigherfrequenciesbetter thanlowerfrequencies.

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MP3Encoding

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MP3Encoding
Signalbrokendownintotimeframes Conversiontofrequencydomain Spectralenergydistributiondeterminedand bitratedistributedaccordingly Frequencydistributioncomparedwith psychoacousticmodelandbitrateslowered accordingly Huffmanencoding(lossless)
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MP3Decoding
Straightforwardreconstructionofbitstream Nofreemodels

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Successor
AACisthedefaultorstandardaudioformat for YouTube, iPhone, iPod, iPad, Nintendo DSi, iTunes, DivXPlusWebPlayerand PlayStation3. Features:
Morechannels Variablebitrateandframelength Moreflexibility Highercodingefficiencyandaccuracy
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Conclusion
Humanperceptionofsoundnotstraight forward Maskingeffect:Onesignalcomponenthides theother MP3useslossy compressionbasedon psychoacousticmodelofimperceptible signals.

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References
1. M.Kahrs,K.Brandenburg,Applicationsof DigitalSignalProcessingtoAudioand Acoustics,KluwerAcademicPublishers,2000 2. S.Hacker,MP3:TheDefinitiveGuide, OREILLY,2000 3. http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/standards/mpe g2/audio,Retrievedon07Mar13 4. R.Raissi,TheTheoryBehindMp3,2002
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Questions

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