Circulatory System summary.

The circulatory system forms the connections among the respiratory system (the oxygen source), the digestive system ( food source), and the individual body cells. The heart is the center of this system. The heart is a muscle that acts as a pump that forces blood through a closed system of hollow tubes (blood vessels) called arteries, capillaries and veins. Blood enters the heart returning from the body cells through the large vein called the vena cava. This blood is oxygen-poor and also contains a lot of carbon dioxide as it enters the upper right chamber of the heart the right atrium. A valve opens in the bottom of the atrium and the blood in the atrium flows down into the right ventricle. This valve closes when the right ventricle contracts and the blood is squeezed out of the ventricle into the pulmonary arteries, which lead only to the lungs. The pulmonary arteries branch out in the lungs until they become microscopic capillaries wrapped around the alveoli (air sacs). Oxygen diffuses into the blood from the air in the alveoli and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the air in the aveoli. This carbon dioxide leaves the body when we breathe out. The blood in the lung capillaries now contains a lot of oxygen and very little carbon dioxide. It is ready to be delivered to the body cells to bring them the oxygen and to carry away more carbon dioxide waste. First, the blood pressure in the closed circulatory system pushes the oxygen-rich blood back to the heart from the lungs through the pulmonary veins. These veins enter the heart into the left atrium. A valve opens in the bottom of the atrium and the blood in the atrium flows down into the left ventricle. When the left ventricle contracts (squeezes), the valve between the atrium and the ventricle closes and the blood is sent out of the heart into the largest artery called the aorta.

Arteries branch off of the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood (which also contains nutrients from the digestive system), to all of the cells of the body. Arterial blood reaches the cell where it gives up its oxygen and nutrients by diffusion through the membranes of the capillaries and cells. At this point, each capillary also absorbs wastes including carbon dioxide from the cell and the blood continues its circular journey back to the heart. The capillary joins with other capillaries to form larger and larger vessels which we call veins, because they are now carrying blood back to the heart. These veins eventually all come together to form the vena cava which brings the oxygen-poor blood back into the right atrium of the heart. Heart Is a hardworking organism, is hollow but pumps blood and is what helps transfer blood here and there, it is repeated by a rythmic concentrations. IT is found in all animal including us humans.The vertebrate heart is a Cardiac muscle is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in this organ and responsible for the ability of the heart to pump blood.The heart pumps blood also through the blood vessels so the blood is transferred all other your body. When you are active, your blood pumps quicker and quicker every time you start running, jumping, and start being hyper sort of. The most precious organ other than the brain in your head is the heart. Without it, you will die because the blood won't be pumped fully over your body and is critical when you are sick. Veins The veins only receive the blood after it has traveled quite far from the heart. The blood pressure in the veins is thus much less; the blood is certainly much less likely to burst through walls of the veins than arteries.

SUMMARY IN NATURAL SCIENCE

Submitted to: Mrs.Carmela Abuan

Submitted by: Chelly C. Salinas BSBA OM

1A

S.Y.2013-2014