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Panorama de los tratamientos actuales disponibles para los pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Algoritmo teraputico
de la ADA/EASD. Seguridad y tolerabilidad 31
aumento signicativo del riesgo de ciertos tipos de cncer.
Estos tumores han sido relacionados con la obesidad y la
resistencia a la insulina. Sorprendentemente, este riesgo no
ha recibido una atencin apropiada por considerarlo inevi-
table. La realidad no conrma esta creencia, ya que estu-
dios recientes sealan que el tratamiento con metformina
y, quizs, glitazonas puede reducir el riesgo de presentar
ciertos cnceres a travs de diversos mecanismos. La rela-
cin entre insulina y cncer
24
ha suscitado mximo inters
por su plausibilidad biolgica. La asociacin entre un deter-
minado anlogo de insulina y el aumento en el riesgo de
cncer sobre la base de ciertos estudios observacionales de
diseo controvertido
24-27
ha provocado el posicionamiento
de diversas sociedades cientcas conrmando la seguridad
de la insulina glargina. Aunque, por el momento, el signi-
cado clnico es incierto, indica la necesidad de realizar ms
anlisis que clariquen la situacin.
Conclusiones
El tratamiento de la DM2 se dirige a la reduccin de las
complicaciones microvasculares, macrovasculares y la mor-
talidad prematura, lo que requiere una aproximacin inte-
gral al tratamiento (hipertensin arterial, dislipemia, taba-
quismo y control glucmico). El manejo de la hiperglucemia
exige decisiones que dependen, entre otros, de aspectos
individuales del paciente (edad, comorbilidad, duracin de
la enfermedad, presencia de complicaciones, grado de
HbA1c, etc.). Las recomendaciones ms recientes de las
GPC incorporan algoritmos de decisiones que se aproximan
a la individualizacin teraputica.
Conicto de intereses
La autora declara no tener ningn conicto de intereses.
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