Hume: Concrete Pipe

Concrete Pipe

April/2001

Hume: Concrete Pipe

COMPANY BACKGROUND
Hume Industries (M) Berhad, formerly known as Hume Far East Ltd., set up its first precast concrete factory in Prai, Malaysia back in 1929. From this humble beginning, Hume has grown to be the premier manufacturer of precast concrete products in Malaysia with five factories strategically located around the country. It is Hume's firm belief and commitment towards R&D and its foresight in forging strategic alliances that have made Hume the leader in the precast concrete industry today.

In 1961, Hume Industries (M)

Berhad was incorporated and became one of the very first companies to be listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange in 1963. Hume was subsequently acquired by the Hong Leong Group (Malaysia) in 1982.

Hume has a network of well equipped factories strategically located throughout Malaysia. Hume factories are located in Prai (Northern Region), Beranang (Central Region), Pasir Gudang (Southern Region), Kuantan (Eastern Region) and Kota Kinabalu in Sabah.

Our years of involved in the precast concrete industry has resulted in an extensive network of distribution and comprehensive understanding of the industry, enabling us to meet our customers' needs promptly and efficiently.

Hume: Concrete Pipe

INTRODUCTION
Hume Concrete is the leading manufacturer of concrete pipes in Malaysia. Our factories have facilities for the manufacturing and load testing of all classes of concrete pipes in accordance with the relevant standards of practice and specifications to meet customers' requirements. Over the years, it has been proven that Hume Concrete Pipes are the most reliable and the best quality pipes in the market. All our pipes are manufactured in accordance to MS 9002 and certified by SIRIM. Our strict adherence to quality control measures assures you of delivery of quality pipes.

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

Hume has a strong commitment towards Quality and Research & Development. Our research & development arm, Hume Concrete Products Research Centre Sdn Phd (HCPRC) was set up in 1993 to deliver R&D services and solutions to meet the requirements, needs and expectations of our customers. HCPRC has an established knowledge sharing network with other internationally renown research institutes and it plays a major role to ensure our products and processes remain in the forefront of technology. HCPRC is constantly elevating the threshold of technology for our processes to be more efficient, conducting advanced research in concrete technology and introducing new and innovative products to the market. HCPRC's R&D work are benchmarked against international standards.

Hume: Concrete Pipe

MANUFACTURING PROCESS
In our quest to serve our valued customers efficiently, Hume has adopted various concrete pipe manufacturing processes which are briefly described below:

CENTRIFUGAL SPINNING PROCESS

The centrifugal spinning process was invented by Hume in Australia. It has since been adopted by many manufacturers in many parts of the world. By combining centrifugal force and vibration to spin pipes horizontally, the compaction of concrete is achieved. Pipes with diameters ranging from 450mm to 1950mm are being produced using this process.

VERTICAL CASTING PROCESS

In recent years, Hume has also adopted

vertical casting process in manufacturing concrete pipes which can be classified broadly into two subcategories:

i. Dry cast process

By using the principle of core vibration to vibrate concrete and hydraulic compaction to form close tolerance joint profiles, pipes are produced vertically at various machine stations using low slump concrete. Pipes produced using this process are marketed under the following names :
G

VIHY pipes The diameter range is from 150mm to 450mm for both normal drainage pipes and porous pipes as well. Vertical cast pipes (VCP pipes) The diameter range is from 450mm to 1800mm for RRJ pipes.

ii. Wet cast process By using the principle of outer form vibration to compact concrete, pipes are being produced vertically with individual mould sets using high slump concrete, Pipes produced using this process are marketed under the name of LDP pipes (Large diameter pipes) with diameter range from 2100mm to 4800mm.

Hume: Concrete Pipe

QUALITY CONTROL
Quality control of all materials and components in our manufacturing facilities are undoubtedly an essential part of Hume's precast concrete pipes. Manufactured under stringent Quality Control conditions, our pipes are able to comply to the strictest guidelines made by the civil and structural engineering authorities in the country. The Quality Management System implemented at Hume is designed in accordance to MSISO 9002: 1994 and have undergone numerous third party audits by SIRIM and other independent consultants. It has been upgraded several times to facilitate continuous improvement in our processes in order to meet the relevant requirements and standards. Incoming raw materials are inspected and tested in accordance to the relevant BS or MS standards to ensure product quality. A supplier development program has been established to ensure consistency of raw materials supplied and this function is being audited from time to time by internal and external auditors. Load tests are also carried out on specified batches of pipes as stated in our SOPs which conforms to the relevant BS, MS and AS standards.

SELECTION OF CONCRETE PIPES

To select the types of concrete pipes for a particular project, the designer must first determine the required pipe diameter and the maximum fill height over the top of the pipe. Other important factors that need to be considered includes:a. b. c. d. Installation condition in trench or under embankment. Types of bedding Types of fill material Superimposed load -Traffic loading

Hume: Concrete Pipe

APPLICATIONS
DRAINAGE
For normal drainage and culvert application, Hume offers spun and vertical cast pipe in the range of 375mm dia. to 1950mm dia. Depending on the type of soil bedding and design criteria, both rebated and rubber ring joints are available for selection. In addition, Hume also produce vihy pipe to meet the demand for drainage pipes in the range of 150mm dia. to 450mm dia.

For larger pipe sizes requirement, Hume has now extended the range of pipes from 2100mm to 4800mm diameter. Besides for application as drainage pipe, these Larger diameter pipes (LDP) can be used in an exceptionally wide variety of situations such as service tunnels, water tanks, storage tanks, silos and pump well. For special applications and requirements, please consult our sales team.

SUBSOIL DRAINAGE
Hume manufactures concrete porous pipes for use in subsoil drainage by using the vertical cast method. The pipes are produced to take a minimum crushing test load of not less than 20.2 kN per metre length of pipe. The pipes are available with rebated (ogee) joints in 150mm and 225mm internal diameter sizes.

STANDARD DIMENSIONS AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSOIL POROUS PIPES

Nominal Internal Diameter mm 150 225 Effective Length (Le) Per Pipe mm 1000 1000 Weight Per Pipe kg 46 69 Minimum Proof Load (kN/m) 20.2 20.2 Minimum Infiltration Rate litre/min. per m length 105 158

Hume: Cocnrete Pipe

APPLICATIONS
SEWERAGE
Hume concrete sewerage pipes are manufactured to provide a corrosion barrier to withstand corrosive attack while maintaining flexibility to withstand decades of severe services. Advantages :G Resists hydrogen sulphide and other sewer gases, acids, alkalis and salts. G The interior lining prevents the disintegration of the concrete. G Resistant to wide variety of chemicals. G Unaffected by fungus or bacterial action. G Unaffected by continuous exposure to high humidity or water. Design and specification Hume sewerage pipes are available in sizes and classes similar to those of culvert and drainage pipes. Hume sewerage pipes come in different categories or protection lining; G Using a 12mm (1/2") thick layer of High Alumina Cement which conforms to the K.L. City Hall requirements for sewerage pipes. G Using Sulphate Resisting Cement to British Specification BS 4027 - 1966. G For aggressive corrosive conditions, the pipes can be lined internally with a blanket of PVC sheet. This is the Hume "Plastiline" pipe, which is used extensively in Australia and Singapore. G Using sacrificial concrete lining of 20mm or 38mm. Hume sewerage pipes utilize the Rubber Ring Joint for water tightness and protection from the surrounding environment. Other type of joints are not recommended.

Hume: Concrete Pipe

APPLICATIONS
JACKING (Drainage & Sewerage)
Hume Jacking Pipes permit the installation of pipe culverts for drainage or sewerage purposes under major highways, roads and railway lines without the need for open excavation which invariably disturbs traffic flow. Recommended joint type is that of a butt joint with an external rebate accommodating a steel collar. (see figure)

For sewer lines, Hume Jacking Pipes can be made:

1. 2. 3. 4.

with an internal lining of 12mm thick High Alumina Cement from Sulphate Resisting Cement (SRC) with an internal PVC lining (minimum diameter 750mm) with sacrificial concrete lining (20mm or 38mm)

SUMMARY OF JACKING PIPES PROPERTIES

Pipe Dimensions (mm) Internal Diameter Wall Thickness Pipe Weight (Tonne) Overall Length 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 3050 7.99 S Class Class Class Z 1.5Z 2Z 0.71 1.00 1.51 1.84 2.56 3.06 3.72 4.43 5.21 6.68 0.86 1.02 1.44 2.81 3.69 4.26 5.06 5.78 6.99 8.30 0.91 1.08 1.53 2.91 3.81 4.40 5.22 6.05 7.28 8.63 522 522 599 688 764 853 1005 4.5 200 4.5 200 4.5 200 4.5 200 4.5 300 4.5 300 4.5 300 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 W Dc Class Z 46.0 49.0 61.5 62.5 76.5 82.5 88.5 96.0 102.5 124.0 138.0 Class 1.5Z 58.5 59.5 67.0 112.5 126.5 127.5 133.5 136.0 150.0 164.0 178.0 Steel Collar Dimensions (mm) X Maximum Allowable Jacking Force On the Pipe (tonne) Z 65 96 156 190 283 349 405 495 593 803 983 1.5Z 86 102 152 350 471 543 626 715 883 1069 1272 2Z 86 102 152 350 471 543 626 715 883 1069 1272 -

NOM EXT DIA DIA 533 533 610 699 775 864 1016 1194 1346 151 1676 1854 2032 2210

Class Class Class Class Class Class Z 1.5Z 2Z Z 1.5Z 2Z 410 570 710 385 460 610 760 910 375 450 600 750 900 61.5 6.45 77.0 78.0 92.0 98.0 105.5 113.0 119.5 141.0 155.0 74.0 75.0 82.5 79.0 80.0 87.5 -

375 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800

128.0 133.0 142.0 147.0 143.0 148.0 150.5 155.5 153.0 160.5 167.0 174.5 181.0 188.5 195.0 202.0

1016 860 1194 1010 1346 1150 1511 1300 1676 1450 1854 1615 2032 1750

4.5 300 1005 300 1183 300 1183 300 300 300 1335 1335 1497

1060 1050 1210 1200 1370 1355 1520 1505 1670 1655 1820 1805

300 1497 300 1662 300 1662 300 1840 300 1840 300 2018 300 2018 300 2196 300 2196

9.75 10.09

1950 2210 1900 Notes:

Two rubber seals per pipe (i.e.: 2 seals per joint) to be used in pipe jointing. Internal lubrication of steel collar is recommended to facilitate installation of the joint. Special features on pipe may be incorporated if required by client. 2 grouting holes for jacking pipes of diameter 900mm and above will be provided located at 1/4 length from each and of pipe, diagonally to each other. 5. Hume is also able to manufacture pipes of other load capacities from different specifications.
1. 2. 3. 4.

Hume: Cocnrete Pipe

FEATURES
SPECIFICATION
Hume concrete pipes are designed and manufactured in strict compliance to various established standards and specification as tabulated below :
TYPE OF PIPE SPUN PIPES VERTICAL CAST PIPES VIHY DRAINAGE PIPES SUBSOIL POROUS PIPES JACKING PIPES LARGE DIAMETER PIPES SPECIFICATION MS 881 : Part 1 & 3 : 1991 (All Classes) AS 4058 : 1992, BS5911 : Part 1 : 1981 MS 881 : Part 1 & 3 : 1991 (All Classes) BS 5911 : Part 1 : 1981 (All Classes) MS 881 : 1991 Class L AS 1342 - 1973 Class S MS525 : 1977 BS 1194 : 1969 As for Spun Pipe MS 881 - 1991 AS 4058 - 1992

TYPES OF JOINTS
SPIGOT & SOCKET JOINT
Also commonly called the Rubber Ring Joint (RRJ). RRJ provides water tightness and protection from the environment, and flexibility in concrete pipelines. A certain degree of linear deflection can be accommodated with this type of joint.

Rubber Ring

Standard Pipe Rubber Ring

Large Diameter Pipe

REBATED JOINT
An internal rebated joint is used for pipes of diameters 750mm and above while external rebated joints are used for pipes of diameters 600mm and below. This is a rigid joint and deflection due to soil settlement occurring after installation may cause cracks in the joint, thus permitting leakage. These joints are not recommended where water tightness is critical.

Cement Mortar

Internal Rebated Joint Cement Mortar

External Rebated Joint

Hume: Concrete Pipe

FEATURES
TYPES AND RANGE OF SIZES
Standard Pipes - Nominal Diameters and Lengths Available (in metres)
Types of Pipe Types of Joint Class Nominal Diameter (mm) 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 SPUN PIPES Drainage Rebated Spigot & Socket Sewerage Spigot & Socket With: 1. High Alumina Cement Lining 2. Sulphate Resisting Cement 3. Hume Plastiline VERTICAL CAST PIPES Drainage Spigot & Socket VIHY PIPES Drainage Rebated Porous Subsoil Rebated L L 1.00 1.00 1.25 1.25 1.50 1.00 1.00 All Classes 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 All Classes All Classes All Classes 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52 1.52* -

3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05

3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05*

All Classes All Classes

3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05*

3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05*

JACKING PIPE Drainage & Butt with steel collar Sewerage Z, 1.5Z, 2Z, 2.5Z

3.05 3.05

3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05 3.05

All Class = S, L, M, H, 1.5H, 2H, 2.5H available

* Only Classes S, L, M, H available

Large Diameter Pipes - Nominal Diameters and Lengths Available (in metres)
Nominal Diameter (mm) Types of Pipe Types of Joint Rebated Spigot & Socket Class 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 4200 4800 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.20 1.20 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.20 1.20 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.20 1.20 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.20 1.20

DRAINAGE

L, M, H, ** or X, Y, Z L, M, H, ** or X, Y, Z Z, 1.5Z, 2Z, 2.5Z

SEWERAGE JACKING PIPE

Spigot & Socket with PVC lining Butt with steel colar

Notes: Hume can manufacture higher class (H+ or Z+) Large Diameter Pipes with different lengths. Please consult our sales team for detail. ** L, M, H to MS and BS X, Y, Z to AS

Hume: Concrete Pipe

CRUSHING LOAD TABLE

STANDARD PIPES
For convenience, the Crushing Load Tables from MS 881: Part 1: 1991 is reproduced below:

CRUSHING TEST LOADS Kilonewtons per metre of effective length

Nominal size at pipe MM 150 225 300 375 450 525 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 Class L Works proof load 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 38 46 51 57 63 69 75 82 88 Maximum load 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 48 58 64 72 79 87 94 103 110 23 31 35 39 46 53 67 76 87 95 104 116 124 135 29 39 44 48 58 67 84 95 109 120 130 145 155 169 36 41 46 54 65 85 96 110 122 132 146 158 169 45 52 58 68 82 107 120 138 153 165 183 198 212 Class M Works proof load Maximum load Class H Works proof load Maximum load

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Hume: Concrete Pipe

CRUSHING LOAD TABLES

LARGE DIAMETER PIPES
Hume Large Diameter Reinforced Concrete Pipes can be supplied and load tested in accordance to either AS 4058 - 1992 or MS 881 - 1991. Test Load kN/m To AS 4058 - 1992 X Proof Load 70 78 86 94 102 110 118 126 Ultimate Load 105 117 129 141 153 165 177 189 Proof Load 105 117 129 141 153 165 177 189 Y Ultimate Load 158 176 194 212 230 248 266 284 Proof Load 140 156 172 188 204 220 236 252 Z Ultimate Load 210 234 258 282 306 330 354 378 Nominal Length (m) 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.25 2.00 1.50 1.20 Approximate Weight Per pipe (Tonne) 7.00 8.75 10.50 13.25 14.80 15.00 14.00 15.00

Nominal Diameter (mm)

2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600 3900 4200

Test Load kN/m To MS 881 - 1991 Nominal Diameter (mm) 2100 2400 2700 3000 L Proof Load 96 108 124 135 Ultimate Load 120 135 155 169 Proof Load 146 165 186 207 M Ultimate Load 183 207 233 259 Proof Load 184 210 235 260 H Ultimate Load 230 263 294 326 Nominal Length (m) 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

Approximate Weight Per pipe (Tonne) 7.00 8.75 10.50 13.25

Notes: 1. Actual dimension may varies. 2. Weights shown are approximate. Actual figures will vary with the densities of concrete aggregates and details of reinforcement. Hume is able to manufacture customised pipes with increased cover to reinforcement and pipes made with special cements. If pipe required are not described here, please contact the nearest Hume office or factory.

It is our policy to continuously review and improve products and their design. Information in this leaflet is subject to change without notice.

HUME CONCRETE MARKETING SDN. BHD. (8411-T)

A Member of the Hong Leong Group Malaysia

Jalan 219, Off Federal Highway, P.O. Box 21,

46700 Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Tel: 03-7876 0544 Hotline: 03-7876 0032 Fax: 03-7875 5143 E- Mail: hcm@himb.hongleong.com.my Website: http://www.humeconcrete.com.my

Hume Concrete Factories & Offices:

Beranang Lot 6-9, Beranang Industrial Estate, 43700 Beranang, Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Tel: 03-8766 7831/2/3/4 Fax: 03-8766 7830 MS ISO 9002 Reg. No. AR 0094 Kuantan No. 46, Semambu Industrial Estate, 25350 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur. Tel: 09-566 1427/1482 Fax: 09-566 3668 MS ISO 9002 Reg. No. AR 0152 Pasir Gudang Plot 244, Jalan Emas, 81700 Pasir Gudang, Johor Darul Takzim Tel: 07-251 2695/3000 Fax: 07-251 2477 MS ISO 9002 Reg. No. AR 0208 Prai Lot 236-239, Lorong Preusahaan 8, Prai Industrial Estate, 13600 Seberang Prai. Tel: 04-390 6216/6488 Fax: 04-399 3421 MS ISO 9002 Reg. No. AR 0151 Sabah 5th Mile, Tuaran Road, P.O.Box 10339, 88300 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Tel: 088-428 925/26 Fax: 088-422 473 MS ISO 9002 Reg. No. AR 1047

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