III. Methods and Procedure A.

Research Method This research method which is used in this study a quantitative research with experimental design. Sugiyono (2008:114) states that experimental design is a study which aims at finding out the influence of particular treatment. Quasi experimental design was applied in this study. Gay R.L (1987) states that quasi experimental involves some basic characteristics, among others are : the control group, the experimental group, post test and treatment. There were two groups taken as investigated groups. One group is for the experimental group that has received a special treatment namely the group treat by the use of walk around-talk around as the strategy in teaching speaking in its treatment : and the other group is for the control group that conventional teaching strategy. 1. Research variable Hatch and Fardhandy (1982:82) define variable as an attribute of a person or of object which varies from person or from object to object. There are two kind of variable namely independent and dependent variable. Independent variable is a variable that evoke or influence independent variable. Meanwhile, dependent variable is a variable which is influenced by independent variable. Referred to the definition, the independent variable of this research is the use of walk around-talk around strategy in teaching speaking and dependent variable is speaking skill.

2. Operational Definition The title of the study is the effective of using walk around- talk around strategy to improve students speaking skill at eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Sanga Desa. The items that need to explain are teaching, speaking, and walk around-talk around strategy. Teaching is process of facilitating the students for learning or transfer the information or knowledge from the teacher to the students. Speaking is the process of building and sharing meaning through the use of verbal or non-verbal symbols in a variety of contexts. Speaking skill which is consists of three main stages producing, receiving and processing information. Walk around-talk around strategy is a cooperative learning activity for sharing ideas during the anticipatory phase of a lesson that useful students for quickly sharing ideas among a large group of students in a very short time. It is highly active, and motivation is high during the activity. 3. Population and Sample a. Population According to Nunan (1992:231), population is cases, situations orindividual who share one or more characteristic. The population was eighth grade students of SMP 2 Negeri 2 Sanga Desa consisted of five classes with 110 students. Table 1 The population of the Research No 1 2 classes VIII 1 VIII 2 Number of students 22 22

3 4 5

VIII 3 VIII 4 VIII 5

23 23 25

Source : data of experiment at SMP Negeri Sanga Desa 2 1. Sample Sample which is used in this study is by random sampling. According to Prof Dr Sugiyono in His book Research Methods Business (2008: 116)"The sample is part of the number and characteristics possessed by population. The sampling technique adopted by the author is simple random sampling is sampling that gives equal opportunity for all members of the population is taken random from the population simply. The writer choose simple random sampling which is one of method in which each and every member of the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. To select the sample using a simple random sampling, it can be chosen as follow : 1. Cointoss 2. Lottery 3. Ranking class B. Technique for collecting data 1. Test a. Pre-test : it is used for starting point of the investigation and to know how the students ability in speaking before they give treatment b. Post-test : the pos-test give to find out the students improvement after the teacher give the treatment.

In order to obtain the data which is needed of the study, the writer collects them by giving a test. According to Arikanto (1998:29) states that a test is any series of questions or exercises or other means of measuring skill, knowledge, intelligence, and capacities ,of an individual or group.. In this process, the writer give test item was form in speaking test item like interview and classroom observation, and 15 minutes as allocated time for the students to speak in orally. C. Research instrument Analysis 1. Validity Test According to Colin Phelan and Julie Wren (2005:6), validity test refers to the degree to which the test actually measures which it claims to measure. Test validity is also the extent to which inferences, conclusions, and decisions made on the basis of the test scores are appropriate and meaningful. In this study, the writer will measure the content of validity. Content validity concerns the extent to which a measure adequately represents all facets of a concept. To provide the content validity of the test, the writer devises the test in accordance with the purpose of the test itself that is to find out English speaking of the students. 2. Reliability Test Reliability means the stability of the test scores. Hatch and Farhady (1982:224) define reliability as the extent to which a test procedures consistent results when administered under similar conditions. Reliability is an index that indicates the extent to which a measuring device can be trustworthy or reliable (Singarimbun, 1989). Any measuring device should have the ability to deliver consistent results relative measurements over time. The calculation will be done by SPSS 20 (Statistical Package for the Social Science). There are several books that use the limit value of reliability above 0.6 but there is also a determining reliability values above 0.7. both of values are recognized and acceptable.