Sunteți pe pagina 1din 71

Panko and Panko Business Data Networks and Security 9th edition

Chapter 1

Panko and Panko Business Data Networks and Security, 9th Edition

2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Into the Cloud


Basic Network Concepts Packet Switching Internetworking Layers Internet Standards A Small Home Network
2

The cloud imagery indicates that the user does not have to understand how systems inside the cloud operate. 3

SSID BSSID Signal Mode Channel Encryption Authentication Vendor

FBP A1-B2-C3D4-E5-F6 -85 dBm 802.11g 11 AES-CCMP WPA2/PEAP Cisco

FBP FBP BB-D5-33-D4- 19-FF-AE-D46B-DD EC-63 -60 dBm -60 dBm 802.11n 44 AES-CCMP WPA2/PEAP Cisco 802.11n 48 AES-CCMP WPA2/PEAP Cisco

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) Problem


Number of smartphones and tablets is exploding Owned by the employees but used partially for business purposes Great diversity in smartphone and tablet operating systems Device security is improving but limited

Into the Cloud

Basic Network Concepts


Packet Switching Internetworking Layers Internet Standards A Small Home Network
8

Working Definition
9

10

11

12

The client and the server share processing work.


13

P2P Processing can be done without a network (as shown) or with a network. No servers are needed.
14

Transmission Speed Measurements Bits per second (bps) Usually not bytes per second (Bps) Metric Suffixes Kilobits per second Megabits per second Gigabits per second Terabits per second kbps (lowercase k) Mbps Gbps Tbps 1,000 bits per second (not 1,024) 1,000 kbps 1,000 Mbps 1,000 Gbps 15

File Downloads
E-mail message (250 words) Photograph (5 MB) 1 Hr HTDV Video (10 Mbps) Backup Synch (10 GB)

100 1 kbps Mbps .15 s 8m 4d 12 d 0s 1m 10 h 28 h

5 Mbps 0s 10 s 2h 6h

10 Mbps 0s 5s 1h 3h

100 1 Gbps Mbps 0s 1s 6m 17 m 0s 0.1 s 36 s 2m

16

Live or Streaming Media

100 1 kbps Mbps OK OK

5 Mbps OK OK

10 Mbps OK OK OK

100 1 Gbps Mbps OK OK OK OK OK OK OK OK

MP3 Song (10 kbps) Standard Quality TV (2 Mbps) HDTV (10 Mbps) Three HDTV Channels

17

Into the Cloud Basic Network Concepts

Packet Switching
Internetworking Layers Internet Standards A Small Home Network
18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Into the Cloud Basic Network Concepts Packet Switching

Internetworking
Layers Internet Standards A Small Home Network
29

30

Capitalization of internet
With an uppercase I, Internet means the global Internet we use every day. With a lowercase i, internet means any internet or the internet layer.

31

Basically, Kahn and Cerf created a second layer of networking on top of single networks. This required the creation of a parallel set of concepts for single networks and internets. Single networks and internets use similar concepts but give these concepts different names. It is important for you to get this clear in your head.
32

Component Addresses

Generic Terminology

Single Networks Vary by network technology

Internets 32-bit IPv4 Addresses and 128-bit IPv6 Addresses Packets Routers Routes 33

Packets are called

Packet switches are called End-to-end routes are called

Packets

Switches

Frames

Switches Data links

Component Addresses

Generic Terminology

Single Networks Vary by network technology

Internets 32-bit IPv4 Addresses and 128-bit IPv6 Addresses Packets Routers Routes 34

Packets are called

Packet switches are called End-to-end routes are called

Packets

Switches

Frames

Switches Data links

35

36

37

Into the Cloud Basic Network Concepts Packet Switching Internetworking

Layers
Internet Standards A Small Home Network
38

Networks can be described at several layers of detail.


By analogy, humans can be described sociologically, psychologically, in terms of musculature, and at the cell level.

Each layer provides services to the layer above it.


The road provides service to the car tires. The car tires provide service to the car. The car provides service to the driver. A commercial driver provides service to the goods being delivered.
39

2. The data link is the packets path through the network In this case: X-A-B-D-F-Y

1. Physical links are connections between adjacent pairs of devices

40

How many data links does the packet pass through? How many physical links does the packet pass through? Name them.

41

Formed by graduate students to create standards for the ARPANET. Called their standards Requests for Comment (RFCs).
Did not feel that they had the authority to create standards, so they used the weaker term RFC.

The NWG evolved into todays standards body for the Internet, the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Internet standards today are still called RFCs.
42

Dashed line shows the path of a packet

43

Physical links connect adjacent devices, as noted earlier.

How many physical links are there between the two hosts?
44

A data link is the path of a frame through a single network, as noted earlier.

There is one data link per network. How many data links are in the figure?

45

A route is a packets path through an internet. Added for internets.

How many routes are there in the figure?

46

47

48

Layer 5 4 3 2

Name Broad Purpose Application Transport Internet Data Link Singlenetwork transmission (switched or Physical wireless)

Specific Purpose

Connection across a single network, Frame formats and switch operation Physical connections between adjacent devices
49

Layer Name Broad Purpose Specific Purpose 5 Application 4 Transport Application message fragmentation, error correction, congestion reduction, etc. Internet 3 Internet Transmission of Transmission packet across an internet, Packet formats, router operation 2 Data Link 1 Physical
50

Number Name 5

Broad Purpose

Specific Purpose

Application Communication Same between applications Transport Internet Data Link Physical

4 3 2 1

51

Into the Cloud Basic Network Concepts Packet Switching Internetworking Layers

Internet Standards
A Small Home Network
52

IP
Internet layer protocol Unreliable best-effort internet layer operation

53

TCP

Transport layer protocol

Provides transport layer functionality to fix problems Error correction, and so on

TCP messages are called segments

UDP

The other transport layer protocol Messages are called datagrams Unreliable, so used when reliability is not desired
54

Layer Transport Layer

Standard(s) Transmission User Datagram Control Protocol Protocol (UDP) (TCP) No Fragmentation Fragmentation No Error Correction Error Correction No Congestion Congestion control Control Internet Protocol (IP) IPv4 and IPv6

Internet Layer

55

To use the Internet, you need an Internet service provider and an access line to your ISP. Your ISP gives you access and carries your packets.

Organizations also need ISPs.

56

ISPs collectively comprise the Internet backbone. They interconnect at Network Access Points (NAPs) to exchange packets.

57

IP, TCP, and UDP are standards for delivery packets. TCP/IP also has supervisory protocols:
To handle things beyond packet delivery. Managing IP addresses. Error handling, and so on.

We will look at two supervisory protocols in this chapter. We will look at many more in Chapter 10.

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

Into the Cloud Basic Network Concepts Packet Switching Internetworking Layers Internet Standard

A Small Home Network


66

67

68

The ISP gives the home one IP address. The home network has multiple devices that need IP addresses. 69

The access router DHCP circuit gives private IP addresses to other devices.

70

NAT allows multiple internal hosts to share a single external IP address. External sniffers cannot learn internal addresses.
71

S-ar putea să vă placă și