Anjanette Ly 2/23/14 Annotated Bibliography 1) Associated Press, Pro-Anorexia Movement Has Cult-like Appeal.

May 31, 2005 Available from: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8045047/#.Uwvq7XKYaUk (Accessed February 24, 2014 ). This article begins with the statement They call her Ana. She is a role model to some, a goddess to others the subject of drawings, prayers and even a creed. And by Ana, they mean the eating disorder and mental illness, anorexia nervosa. Ana is short for anorexia and she tells people what to eat and mocks them when they do not lose weight, and although she seems very real and her presence is felt, she only exists in the minds of her many followers. The article goes on to say more of what Ana does. Followers of Ana typically include teens and young women who wear red Ana bracelets and offer reassuring words of thinspiration to each other on websites and blogs. In addition, followers also share tips for rapidly losing weight and post pictures of very thin celebrities who serve as role models. They look at Ana as some type of God, praying to her to make themselves skinny, recalls 17-year-old Sara in Columbus, Ohio. Furthermore, other eating disorders have been personified. Bulimia is Mia and eating disorder in general is Ed. Ana and her friends were taking over many young girls minds and treatment can include writing goodbye letters to her, only if the participant is willing to help herself, otherwise treatment often fails. 2) Chatterjee, R. For Boys With Eating Disorders, Finding Treatment Can Be Hard. October 07, 2013 Available from: http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/10/07/229164585/for-boys-with-eatingdisorders-finding-treatment-can-be-hard (Accessed February 23, 2014 ). This article, which is also accompanied by a video, depicts a young boys struggle with bulimia. 13-year-old Jonathan Noyes has been dealing with bulimia for about 3 years. Jonathan begins with the statement, when youre eating, youre just like a machine, like you arent really thinking or feeling, youre just doing it. There is an estimated 10 million males in America who struggle with eating disorders. However the vast majority of treatment programs are geared toward females who struggle with eating disorders. He hoarded food. His mother noticed empty bags and boxes and began to question why her son was doing that when everyone already ate dinner. Jonathan would sneak downstairs at 2 am to eat food. He began locking himself in the bathroom after school and would spend long periods of time in there. Therapists say that he could be engaging in body-checking, where in kids with bulimia, would be very critical of their bodies and examine every square inch and think about the negative aspects about themselves such as how fat or how ugly they are. Jonathan began binge eating, first with peanut butter, and soon after, everything came spiraling down. He later started purging and began to seek help. At a program to help deal with eating disorders, Jonathan met Collin Schuster, another male who had also been dealing with eating disorders. He later would become a mentor and a friend to Jonathan. The two meet regularly over video games and also discuss their hardships with eating disorders. Doctors say its like layers of an onion; its going to take a long time to peel them away. To sum things up, Jonathan is still working on dealing with bulimia, even though he claims he is still helpless and always be helpless to his eating disorder, he has learned enough to know how to get by. 3) Duncan, R , 'Eating disorders: do gyms have responsibilities?' , Vol. 339: BMJ: British Medical Journal. September 26, 2009; 754 -754. http://www.jstor.org.librarylink.uncc.edu/stable/25672774 (Accessed February 24, 2014) Duncan begins his review by describing a young woman, who he is choosing to call Amy, whom he sees every time when he goes to the gym, although he doesnt go as regularly as he should, or so he claims. Each time he goes, Amy is also there, jumping around from activity to activity, spending long periods of time at the gym. Duncan has no doubt that he believes Amy has an eating disorder, judging by her exercising habits, eating behavior, and incredibly thin frame he witnesses. Several other gym members have also noticed Amy. Duncan goes on to question whether or not gyms have sort of a

Anjanette Ly 2/23/14 responsibility when it comes to their members maybe having eating disorders yet still come to the gym to excessively exercise. He lists the potential problems that could come about if gyms were to take action about the issue. In addition he states that an assortment of other businesses actively influence the health of their customers but are not obligated to monitor their outcomes. For example, fast food chains cannot refuse to sell food to obese customers, gambling addicts are free to enter casinos, and smokers with COPD are still allowed to buy cigarettes. Duncan concludes that banning someone with an eating disorder from coming to the gym will certainly not stop them from exercising. 4) Judkis, M, Vogue Vows to Use Healthier Models: But Whats its Definition of Healthy? May 04, 2012 Available from: http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/arts-post/post/vogue-vows-to-use-healthiermodels-but-whats-its-definition-of-healthy/2012/05/04/gIQAF8zO1T_blog.html (Accessed February 26, 2013 ). This article reiterates the goals of the pact proposed by the popular fashion magazine company, Vogue. Vogue has declared that it no longer wants to work with too thin looking models. They have made the initiative to now only use models that look healthy for their work. Of the six, the most important point they wanted to make is to not knowingly work with models under the age of 16 or who appear to have an eating disorder. We will work with models who, in our view, are healthy and help to promote a healthy body image. All of the points they want to go into effect are reasonable, however, their definition of healthy is not clear. There is not mention of a certain BMI that the models should obtain or any consequences if any of these projected expectations are not met. The article further states that Vogue will continue to work on promoting healthy standards and its acknowledgement of its previous role in creating unhealthy ideals was a good start. 5) Ly. A. Personal research. Available from: January 27, 2014. (Accessed February 27, 2014) In my own personal observations of the figured world of my choosing, the world of fitness, I have come across people of many different shapes and sizes. Through my observations in the gym and the 5k run that I participated in, some of the actors I have seen seemed to look very, very thin. I dont want to make any assumptions that some could have eating disorders, but there is a chance that at least somebody does. If not, I guarantee that some have thoughts that are eating-disorder like. Perhaps that is why some of these extremely skinny looking people come to the gym often to workout. There is a connection between being very thin and exercising often. Not to say that all who are very lean have eating disorders, but some potentially could. I have seen some of the very same people come to the gym every time I also go to the gym. Not to mention, there is a handful of people who constantly are checking their weight before and after each workout. Some of the people spend a lot of the time at the gym, probably over exercising. These are only a few of the things I have witnessed that lead me to wonder if some of the people I have seen during my observations in the gym and 5k run could possibly have an eating disorder. 6) Lyden, J, Mother Speaks Out After Losing Daughter To Bulimia April 02, 2012 Available from: http://www.npr.org/2012/04/02/149846861/mother-speaks-out-after-losing-daughter-to-bulimia (Accessed February 23, 2014 ). In this post, Judy Arvin talks to interviewer Jacki Lyden about the documentary, Someday Melissa: The Story of an Eating Disorder, Loss and Hope which is about the life of Melissa Arvin, her daughter whom she lost to bulimia. Within the film, there are many emotional scenes but there is one that stands out when a journal entry of Melissas is discovered. In it is a poem she writes which talks about all of the somedays she wanted to accomplish, including loving someone, traveling wherever she wants, and making her family proud. According to her mother, Melissa was a very happy, healthy, creative, funny, and normal child. But it was around the age of 13 when she began struggling with issues of body image and soon after developed bulimia. Her mother noticed that Melissa displayed several signs, including wearing baggy clothing, which is a classic sign of someone who is not comfortable with their

Anjanette Ly 2/23/14 body, or so she claims. Melissa would consume anything but afterwards purge it up. Her mother even had to resort to locking up food in the cupboards. Later Lyden goes on to ask if Arvin and her husband ever thought that Melissa might succumb, that she might die. The Arvins responded no, they never thought that she would because they believed she would recovered even as difficult as it is to go through the cycle of bulimia. In conclusion, the making of this documentary was an incredibly therapeutic method for Arvin to channel her grief at the same time, she is also proud to be able to share Melissas story. 7) Martin, M, Children And Anorexia: Noticing The Warning Signs. February 11, 2014 Available from: http://www.npr.org/2014/02/11/275281272/children-and-anorexia-noticing-the-warning-signs (Accessed February 23, 2014 ). Michel Martin sits down to interview a pediatrician and mother of three, Dr. Leslie Walker, about eating disorders, who suffered from an eating disorder herself as a teenager. The two discuss issues such as stories of celebrities and pop culture sending out wrong messages to kids about their bodies. An estimated half a million teenagers have an eating disorder, which is also the deadliest form on mental illness according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Walker goes on to talk about her own experiences with eating disorders. She was a senior in high school at the time and was heading off to college. She wanted to lose weight because many teenage girls wanted to lose weight but what she also loved most was the feeling that came along with all of this. It made her feel in control of her life and invincible. I was old enough to know that I was never going to be the smartest, the prettiest, the fastest, you know, all those superlatives. But I thought, you know what? I have a chance of being the thinnest adds Walker. She has long overcome that but her own children are now experiencing this. She claims the most important thing when your child says he or she is fat is to not ignore it. Laughing it off and disagreeing is not the answer. Walker concludes instead one should complement and empower his/her child to take steps to lead a healthy life. 8) McKnight, R, Boughten, N. 'A Patient's Journey: Anorexia Nervosa', Vol. 340: BMJ: British Medical Journal. January 10, 2010; 46 48. http://www.jstor.org.librarylink.uncc.edu/stable/25673602 (Accessed February 25, 2014) Rebecca McKnight, now a qualified doctor who is able to manage her weight, workload, and relationships, delves into her past to explain to readers the struggles with anorexia nervosa she faced as a teenager. When asked to describe her experience of anorexia in one sentence, she was able to describe it in just a single word isolation. McKnight says that anorexia made her feel completely alone and often makes those who are dealing with it change their view of themselves, always to a very negative one. She felt like she was stuck in a black hole that she has dug for herself, of which was entirely her fault, she claims. She describes herself as fat, useless, and hopeless. She wanted to get better but it was difficult for her to make positive decisions when her anorexic thoughts always flooded her mind and made her obey their rules. She later fell behind in medical school, having to leave her friends and fit into a new years group. McKnight sought treatment and to this day is doing much better. She did fall into periods of relapse and although she still has disordered thoughts, she still tries her best to resist what anorexia could make of her. 9) Schultz, D, Kids' Eating Binges Could Signal Other Problems Ahead. December 11, 2012 Available from: http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/12/10/166877782/kids-eating-binges-could-signal-otherproblems-ahead (Accessed February 26, 2014 ). This article explores the connection between eating binges and other problems that could come about because of it. Researchers have found that those who go on eating binges at least once a week are twice as likely to use marijuana or display strong signs of depression compared to those who do not binge eat. Defining binge eating is difficult, but to officially qualify, the overeating has to be accompanied by a loss of control feelings that you couldnt stop eating if you wanted to. There are many theories of how

Anjanette Ly 2/23/14 there could be a connection between binge eating and the negative activities. One of which, includes that the impulsiveness of engaging in trying marijuana is a result of binge eating. A greater amount of research must be done to determine if there really is a true relationship between binge eating, using drugs, and depression. The article concludes that this is only an association that they have observed. 10) Turner, L , 'Preventing Eating Disorders' , Vol. 76 ( 2 ): Better Nutrition. February 2010; 26 28 This article aims to suggest to parents strategies that promote healthy attitudes about eating and preventing eating disorders. The six simple ways to help kids and teens develop a healthy relationship with food as described in this article include teaching embodied eating, dont make food bad, modeling healthy eating, reframing cultural message, not the d word (diet), and cooking with your kids. Parents should serve as models for good behaviors so their children will learn not to associate food with negative things. To go into some further details, parents are recommended to change the language they use around food. For instance, instead of asking are you full? perhaps are you satisfied? would be better. It is also advised that parents not talk about their own struggles in front of their kids. When you talk about how awful you look in those jeans, you're telling kids to judge a body's worth by how it looks. And lastly, cooking with your kids not only offers a good opportunity to bond, but also allows kids to feel that they have an active role in controlling what they eat. 11) Vedantam, S, Eating Meals with Men May Mean Eating Less. October 04, 2011 Available from: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2011/10/04/140961754/eating-meals-with-men-may-mean-eating-less (Accessed February 24, 2014 ). This article explores the trend that eating meals with males present may cause individuals to eat less. The gender of who you choose to eat with turns out to make a difference in what and how much you eat. This adds a new dimension to the study of risk factors for obesity and could also shed new light on eating disorders such as anorexia. Both men and women seem to select larger portions of food around women and both men and women appear to also choose smaller portions when accompanied by men, according to research conducted and published by the Journal of Applied Social Psychology. Moreover, it is not uncommon for women to be expected to eat less food when men are present because cultural norms in the West have deemed it socially okay for women to peck at their food while in the company of men. Perhaps eating disorders could be responsible in part for what constitutes womens beliefs about appropriate eating amounts in the presence of men is later claimed in the article.