UNIT 12: THE RIGHT APPROACH

1 READING
1. approach /CprCUtS/ noun [count] attempt to make a business arrangement with: thm d, tip xc ( t 1 tha thun). The club has made an approach to a local business firm for sponsorship. [count] an act of communicating with another person or group in order to ask for something: cch tip cn, phng php. A new approach to language teaching: Phng php mi v dy ngn ng. approach (verb) to speak, write or visit someone in order to do something such as make a request or business agreement: tip xc, tip cn. 2. permission /pCmISn/ noun [uncount] the right to do something that is given to you by someone in authority: s cho php, giy php. They entered the area without permission. permit /pCmIt/ (verb) [transitive] to allow someone to do something, or something to happen: cho php permit sb to do sth permit sb sth She permitted herself a single candy bar a week. permit of sth (phrasal verb) [transitive] to make sth possible: cho php, tha nhn. The situation does not permit of any delay: Tnh th khng cho php bt k s tr hon no. 3. someone cant stand someone/something: used for saying that the person dislikes someone or something very much: chu ng ci g/ai I cant stand milk. John just cant stand his mother-in-law. 4. earplugs /IrplVg/ noun [count] a small piece of soft material such as wax, cotton or plastic that you put into your ear to keep noise or water out: ci nt tai 5. client /klaICnt/ noun [count] a customer or someone who receives sevices: khch hng Mr. Black has been a client of this firm for many years. 6. intrusive /IntrusIv/ (adj) interrupting a peaceful situation: gy phin phc intrusive noise/lights/tourists intrude /Intru:d/ verb [intransitive] to go into a place or situation in which you are not wanted or not expected to be: xm phm intrusion /IntruZn/ on/upon/into something noun [count or uncount] something that interrupts a peaceful situation or a private event: vic gy phin phc. Its so quiet here that the occasional distant noise is the only intrusion. 7. co-worker /,kCU wE:kC(r)/ noun [count] someone who works with you, especially someone with a similar position or status in an organization: ng nghip 8. cubicle /kju:bIkl/ noun [count] a small enclosed area in a room, separated from the rest of the room by thin walls or curtains: phng ng nh ( bnh vin, trng hc) 9. strain /streIn/ verb [transitive or intransitive] to try very hard to do something: rng sc, c gng, gng sc. to strain ones ears/eyes: to try very hard to hear or see something: vnh tai/cng mt 10. scene /si:n/ noun [count] a noisy argument or a strong show of feelings in a public place: trn ci ln

make/cause a scene: gy chuyn ci ln 11. compromise /kOmprCmaIz/ verb [intransitive] ~ on sth: to solve a problem or end an argument by accepting that you cannot have everything that you want: dn xp We simply cannot compromise on the question of human rights. compromise /kOmprCmaIz/ noun [count or uncount] a way of solving problem or ending an argument in which both people or groups accept they cannot have everything they want: s tho hip, cch gii quyt. Most wage claims are settled by compromise: Phn ln cc yu sch v tin lng c gii quyt bng tho hip. 12. accessible /CksesCbl/ (adj) ~ to: easy for anyone to obtain and use: c th ti c, c th s dng c. documents not accessible to the public: nhng ti liu khng m rng cho cng chng s dng. access /Akses/ noun [uncount] the right or opportunity to have or use something that will brings you benefits: c hi hoc quyn s dng ci g. Students must have access to a good library: Sinh vin phi c quyn vo c sch 1 th vin tt. access /Akses/ verb [transitive] to get information, especially from a computer: ly thng tin hoc a thng tin vo (my tnh) 13. granted /grAntCd/ (adv) used when you are admitting that something is true: c cho l nh vy, c cng nhn nh vy. Granted, its splendid car, but have you seen how much it costs? C cho l nh vy, l 1 chic xe tuyt vi, nhng anh xem n gi bao nhiu cha? Take something for granted: to believe something to be the truth without even thinking about it: cho rng ci g l ng. I take it for granted you have read this book: Ti c coi nh l anh c cun sch ny ri. 14. considerate /kCnsIdCrCt/ (adj) ~ (of sb); ~ (to do sth); ~ (towards sb) thinking about the feelings and needs of other people: chu o, t It was considerate of you not to play the piano while I was asleep: ng tht l t khng vhi n piano lc ti ang ng. consideration /kCn,sIdCreISn/ noun [uncount] careful thought before making a decision or judgment about something: s suy xt, s cn nhc. Please give the matter your careful consideration. under consideration: being thought about 15. the initiative /InISCtIv/ noun [singular] the opportunity to take action before other people do: th ch ng take the initiaitive: dn u, lm u tu Its up to this country to take the initiative in banning nuclear weapons: Nc ny cn phi i u trong vic cm v kh ht nhn. initiate /InISIeIt/ verb [transitive] to make something start: khi s, khi xng initiate proceedings against sb: khi t ai

4 LISTENING
16. fire /faIC(r)/ verb [transitive] to make someone leave their job, sometimes as a punishment: sa thi Hes the person responsible for hiring and firing. 17. gossip /gOsIp/ noun [uncount] conversation about unimportant subjects, especially peoples private lives: chuyn tm pho, chuyn ngi l i mach. I never listen to office gossip.

18. nasty /nAstI/ (adj) bad or very unpleasant: kh chu, kinh tm Theres a nasty smell in here. 19. frustrated /frVstreItId/ (adj) feeling annoyed and impatient because you are prevented from achieving sth: khng hi lng, nn lng. Are you feeling frustrated in your present job? frustrate /frVstreIt/ verb [transitive] to make someone feel annoyed or discouraged because they cannot achieve what they want: lm (ai) nn lng Mary was frustrated by the lack of appreciation shown of her work: Mary rt nn lng v cng vic ca c khng c nh gi cao. frustration /frVstreISn/ noun [count or uncount] an annoyed or impatient feeling that you get when you are prevented from doing what you want: (tnh trng) nn long, khng tho mn; s bc mnh. Every job has its frustrations.

5 VOCABULAIRY: JOBSB AND WORK

20. overtime /CUvCtaIm/ noun [uncount] extra hours that someone works at their job: ngoi gi. I have been working a lot of overtime lately. overtime work/pay/rates 21. promote /prCmCUt/ verb [transitive] to move someone to a job at a higher level: bt, thng chc, thng cp. She worked hard and was soon promoted. promotion /prCmCUSn/ noun [count or uncount] a move to a higher level in a company, institution or sport: s bt, thng chc. If you are successful, you can expect promotion. 22. resign /rIzaIn/ verb [intransitive or transitive] ~ (from sth): to state formally that you are leaving a job permanently: t chc. resign oneself to sth/doing sth: to accept that something unpleasant must happen and that you cannot change it: cam chu. be resigned to ones fate: cam chu s phn 23. salary /sAlCrI/ noun [count] a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an employee, usually paid directly into his or her bank account every month: tin lng. an annual salary of $12.000 be on salary: earn a salary Are you on salary or do you get paid by the hour? salaried /sAlCrId/ (adj) being paid a salary: n lng, c tr lng. 24. lay off /leI Of/ phrasal verb [transitive] to end someones employment, especially temporary because there is not enough work for them: sa thi (cng nhn), thng trong mt thi gian ngn. Theyve had to cut back production and lay off workers.

7 SPEAKING
25. expense /Ikspents/ noun [count] an amount of money you spend in order to buy or do something: ph tn. Most children in Britain are educated at public expense: Phn ln tr em Anh c hc tp do nh nc tr tin. 26. champion /tSAmpICn/ noun [count] someone who has won an important competition, especially in a sport: nh v ch, qun qun. An Olympic champion

27. stranded /strAndId/ (adj) unable to leave somewhere because of an inconvenience such as a lack of transport or money: b kt, lm vo cnh kh khn. He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus. 28. take turns: if people take turns, each of them does their share of it, one after the other: ln lt, thay phin nhau (lm ci g) We took turns steering the boat.

8 READING
29. coaster /kCUstC(r)/ noun [count] a small piece of wood, plastic or other material that you put a glass or cup on to protect a surface from heat or liquid: ming lt cc, ly ( bn). 30. trash can /trAS of: thng rc

kAn/ noun [count] a metal or plastic container for things that you want to get rid

31. bouquet /bUkeI/ noun [count] a collection of flowers, cut and tied together in an attractive way: b hoa 32. wrapper /rApCr/ noun [count] a piece of paper, plastic, etc. that is wrapped around something you buy: giy gi. Candy wrappers 33. container /kCnteInCr/ noun [count] something used for storing or holding things, for example a box, bottle or bowl: vt ng, vt cha (chai, ho) a plastic drinks container 34. even /i:vCn/ (adj) an even number can be divided exactly by two, for example 2, 4 and 6 are even numbers: s chn. 35. odd /Od/ (adj) an odd number is a WHOLE NUMBER that cannot be divided exactly by two, for example 1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers: s chn. 36. insult /InsVlt/ verb [transitive] to say or do something to someone that is rude or offensive: xc phm. insult: noun [count] ~ to sb/sth an offensive remark or action: li nhn xt hoc hnh ng xc phm 37. host /hCUst/ noun [count] someone who invites people to a meal or party, or to stay in their home: ch nh They had brought a present for their hosts. hostess /hCUtIs/ noun [count] a woman who invites someone to a meal or party or to stay for a short time in her home: b ch 38. manner /mAnCr/ noun [plural] the custom or accepted social behavior of a particular group of people: tp qun v phong tc German middle-class manners 39. crunch /krVntS/ verb [intransitive or transitive] to bite hard food, causing it to make a loud noise: nhai rau ru Jane was crunching peanuts noisily. 40. tasteless /teIstlCs/ (adj) having no flavor: v v a tasteless piece of chicken

41. wafer /weIfC(r)/ noun [count] a very thin dry biscuit which is often sweet and flavored: bnh xp 42. typical /tIpIkl/ (adj) used for saying that someone is behaving in the way they usually behave: c trng, c th (ca mt ngi hay vt ring bit). It is typical of her to forget: C ta c tnh hay qun. typify /tIpIfaI/ verb [transitive never progressive] to be an excellent or typical example of something, to be a typical part or feature of something: lm mu cho; l in hnh ca, l th d tiu biu cho. Now a millionaire, he typified the self-made man: Nay tr thnh nh triu ph, ng y l tiu biu cho loi ngi t lp. 43. intonation /,IntCneISn/ noun [count oor uncount] the way in which your voice rises or falls when you speak: ng iu. In English, some questions have a rising intonation: Trong ting Anh, mt s cu hi c ng iu ln ging. A change of intonation: s thay i ng iu. 44. range /reIndZ/ [count] [singular] the limits within which a person or organization is able to deal effectively with something: gii hn trong ci g thay i, phm vi. Theres a wide range of ability in the class: Trong lp c nhiu loi nng lc cao thp khc nhau. 45. enthusiasm /InTu:zI,AzCm/ noun [uncount] the feeling of being very interested in something or excited by it: nhit tnh. feel no enthusiasm for/about an idea: Cm thy khng thit tha i vi mt kin. enthusiasitic /In,Tu:zIAstIk/ (adj) (~ about/over sth/sb) very interested in something or excited by it: trn y nhit tnh. She is very enthusiastic about singing: C y rt say m ht. 46. block /blOk/ noun [count] an area of buildings in a town or city with streets on all four sides: nhm cc ta nh ln ng gia bn con ng. He lives three blocks away from here: Anh ta sng cch y 3 dy ph. 47. be in/out of touch /tVtS/ (with someone) to/not see, speak to, or write to someone: cn lin lc vi ai Lets keep in touch: Chng ta hy gi lin lc vi nhau.