Chan Kyaw Dr. Eddie Red 4/25/13 Marketing Nuclear P wer Plant! Nuclear P wer ha! the di!

ad"antage # $eing "ery e%&en!i"e in c ntra!t ther # r'! # electrical & wer ! urce! !uch a! il( natural ga!( c al. ) we"er( due t the de&leti n # natural re! urce! and the car$ n di %ide e'i!!i n! $y ther ! urce! # #uel( nuclear & wer ha! an indi!&en!a$le r le in the #uture a! an i'& rtant energy re! urce. ) we"er( the &u$lic #ear! # anything c ncerning the w rd *nuclear+ due t the "ery #ew nuclear di!a!ter! that ccurred in the near &a!t i! a great i'&edi'ent # r &r li#erati n # nuclear & wer. ,n thi! &a&er( the !u!taina$ility # "ari u! # r'! # energy are di!cu!!ed and the r le # nuclear & wer in #uture energy a&&licati n! a! well a! way! t de$unk 'yth! a$ ut nuclear & wer. M re "er( way! # 'arketing a !&eci#ic nuclear de!ign # $ iling water react r -./R0 created $y !&ecial t &ic! cla!! a! a gr u& &r 1ect. 2here are a nu'$er # i!!ue! c ncerning nuclear energy that need t $e addre!!ed at #ir!t. 2he #ir!t # the' include the !a#e u!age # highly radi acti"e nuclear 'aterial! that can $e "ery da'aging t the en"ir n'ent i# n t 'anaged &r &erly. 2here i! al! the ri!k # terr ri!t! getting a h ld # the!e nuclear 'aterial! t &r duce nuclear wea& n! that can $e "ery de!tructi"e. N t nly the nuclear wa!te $ut al! the e%& !ure # nuclear 'aterial t the en"ir n'ent in the e"ent! # 'eltd wn! can $e cata!tr &hic. M re "er( the "ery high e%&en!e # $uilding a nuclear react r and 'anaging it i! ne # the !igni#icant #act r that ha! $een !l wing d wn the !&read # nuclear & wer acr !! 3nited 4tate! and ther nati n!. ,n the ca!e # ther de"el &ing nati n!( the techn l gy can $e "ery li'ited. 2hi! 'ake! it al' !t i'& !!i$le t i'&le'ent a &r 1ect # thi! 'agnitude with ut the hel& # techn l gical e%&erti!e #r ' ther nati n! that ha"e !ucce!!#ully i'&le'ented and a&&lied nuclear & wer. 2he!e "ari u! i!!ue! are addre!!ed ne $y ne in the # ll wing &a!!age!. Managing nuclear wa!te i! a "ery !eri u! i!!ue in i'&le'enting nuclear & wer &lant!. 2he

radi acti"e wa!te can $e acti"e # r th u!and! # year! $e# re it i! n l nger danger u!. 2here# re( a "ery ! &hi!ticated way that i! !u!taina$le # r a l ng ti'e ha! t $e deter'ined t &re"ent any chance! # radi acti"e di!a!ter! cau!ed $y nuclear wa!te. ,n re!& n!e t thi! i!!ue( there are !a#e and !cienti#ically &r "en techni5ue! that can di!& !e # nuclear wa!te. 3nlike ! 'e ther & wer indu!trie!( nuclear & wer &lant! ha"e t really acc unt # r the c !t! # 'anaging and di!& !ing it! radi acti"e wa!te &r &erly. 2hi! c !t i! added in the electricity $ill! # the c n!u'er!. ) we"er( there i! the natural way # di!& !ing nuclear wa!te. M !t radi acti"e wa!te ha"e !h rt hal#6li"e!. 2here# re( the nly $1ecti"e i! t c ntain the' a! they naturally $ec 'e radi acti"e. 2he radi acti"e ele'ent! that ha"e l ng hal#6li"e! u!ually l w le"el al&ha r $eta radiati n! which are relati"ely har'le!! t ther

radi acti"e ele'ent! that e'it! high energy &enetrating ga''a radiati n!. 2here# re( nly "ery #ew # the radi acti"e wa!te ha! t $e &er'anently c ntained thr ugh $urial r ! 'e ther way -10. 2here# re( the nuclear wa!te 'anage'ent !h uld n l nger $e an i!!ue in i'&le'enting nuclear & wer. 7lth ugh terr ri!t! attack! u!ing nuclear wea& n! can ha"e uni'agina$le c n!e5uence!. ) we"er( the i'&r "e'ent in the techn l gy # detecting nuclear 'aterial! "ery 'uch reduced the &r $a$ilitie!. M re "er( the gl $al & litical e## rt ackn wledged $y & litician! and the &e &le ar und the w rld t &re"ent the &r li#erati n # nuclear wea& n! ha"e $een an i'& rtant deterrent in thi! ca!e. 2here# re( #ear! # terr ri!' !h uld n l nger $e an i!!ue in i'&le'enting nuclear & wer a! nuclear attack! n )ir !hi'a and Naga!aki # 8a&an are e"ent! # the &a!t. Due t "ery #ew nuclear react r 'eltd wn! in the &a!t( &u$lic ha! dee&6r ted #ear! a$ ut any

related t nuclear energy. 2he incident! # Chern $yl and 9uku!hi'a were alar'ing $ut the chance! # a !i'ilar nuclear di!a!ter !uch a! th !e are e%tre'ely l w. 2here !h uld $e educati n &r gra'! targeted t the &u$lic t di!&el the 'yth! # nuclear energy. 2hat i! e!!ential in &r ducing #a" ra$le & licy deci!i n! # r nuclear & wer 'ade $y & litician! a! they u!ually are in#luenced $y &u$lic &ini n. 2he high c !t # $uilding a nuclear react r i! the 'ain cau!e &re"enting the !&read # nuclear & wer acr !! the w rld. 7n e!ti'ate $y !ta## at Energy Regulat ry C ''i!!i n e!ti'ated the c !t #

u& t : ;.5 $illi n. M

dy<! ,n"e!t r 4er"ice al! clai'ed that in rder t 'ake a &r #it( electricity ha!

t $e ! ld n 15 cent! &er kil watt h ur. De!&ite the!e re!tricti n! # high c !t!( & wer c '&anie! ha"e declared &lan! # r thirty new nuclear react r! $y 9e$ruary 2==> that w uld c !t : 3== $illi n c llecti"ely. De!&ite the &u$lic #ear! and reluctance n the &art # & litician!( C ngre!! ha! !u$!idi?ed $uilding new nuclear react r! thr ugh l an &r gra'! and a ta% credit # r e"ery a' unt # nuclear electricity created. M re "er( there i! al! the &ti n # charging cu!t 'er! t &ay a !'all a' unt during the c n!tructi n !tage! # nuclear & wer &lant! e"en $e# re they are ready t &r duce electricity. 9 r e%a'&le( regular! in 9l rida ha"e &er'itted Pr gre!! Energy t !tart charging cu!t 'er! # r a &r 1ect that will n t &r duce electricity until 2=1@. Ather & wer c '&anie! !uch a! Be rgia P wer( 4 uth Car lina Electric C Ba!( 4antee C &er in 4 uth Car lina( and 7'eren in Mi!! uri are al!

&lanning t i'&le'ent ad"ance charge! t c "er &art # the c !t! # c n!tructi n and de"el &'ent # nuclear react r! -20. 2here# re( ad"ance charge! 'ade t c n!u'er! are a way # ##!etting the c !t # i'&le'enting nuclear & wer &lant &r 1ect. .e!ide! the a$ "e i!!ue!( the ad"antage! # nuclear & wer &lant cann t $e "erl ked. Nuclear react r! d n t e'it car$ n di %ide( !ul&hur %ide r nitride %ide ga!e! int the at' !&here during it! &erati n. /hile ! lar and wind energy are n t yet at the ad"anced !tage # 'a!! c ''ercial u!e( nuclear & wer i! regarded a! a !igni#icant clean energy alternati"e. 2hi! can $e "ery hel&#ul in educating the &u$lic a! well a! in#luencing & litician! in 'aking #a" ra$le & licy deci!i n! # r nuclear & wer. ad"antage! # nuclear & wer !uch a! clean energy ! urce. M re "er( the 'a!!i"e &r 1ect # $uilding a new nuclear react r will re5uire a l t # 'an& wer which will &r "ide 1 $! # r 'any 7'erican!. ,n 2=1=( the ' ti"ati n # clean energy and 1 $! 'ade the g "ern'ent t !u&& rt the c n!tructi n # tw nuclear react r! in Be rgia. 7 l an guarantee # : D $illi n i! t $e gi"en t hel& 4 uthern C '&any and it! &artner! t !u&& rt their c n!tructi n # tw react r! in .urke C unty. A$a'a al! ackn wledged that hi! !u&& rt t nuclear & wer i! t reduce greenh u!e e'i!!i n! and t &r "ide 1 $!. 4ince Re&u$lican! are n t !u&& rti"e # $ill! t regulate greenh u!e e'i!!i n!( the

De' crat! had t $e #ind a way t i'&le'ent their clean energy initiati"e! thr ugh nuclear & wer. ,# the &r 1ect i! !ucce!!#ul( the!e tw react r! will $e the #ir!t ne! t $e $uilt !ince 1>;=! acc rding t New E rk 2i'e! -30. ,n light # the!e e"ent!( the & litician!< !u&& rt # r a new nuclear react r i! n t i'& !!i$le. 2he c n!tructi n # the $ iling water react r a! de!igned $y # r cla!! &r 1ect will c !t $illi n! # d llar!. 2he c !t will $e di"ided int c n!tructi n c !t( &erati n c !t( ther !&eci#ic c !t!. 2here# re( # r the &r 1ect t $e initiated( a g "ern'ent l an guarantee a! in the a$ "e in!tance will $e hel&#ul in the c n!tructi n # the nuclear react r. .e!ide!( the #ederal r !tate g "ern'ent!( c ''ercial $ank! are a !igni#icant ! urce # in"e!t'ent # r nuclear & wer &lant!. 7 re!earch d ne $y a Dutch $anking re!earch gr u& indicated that $ank! in"e!ted hundred! # $illi n! # d llar! in nuclear !ect r. ,n the 3nited 4tate!( Citi$ank ha! in"e!ted a$ ut 11.413 $illi n eur !( 8PM rgan Cha!e a$ ut @.;21 $illi n eur !( M rgan 4tanley a$ ut 4.32; $illi n eur !( and .ank # 7'erica a$ ut 2.3@ 'illi n eur ! -40. 2he c n!tructi n &er'it &lu! &erati n &er'it will ha"e t $e !ecured $e# re the nuclear & wer &lant g under c n!tructi n. 2hi! i! due t the #act that i# there are delay! in c n!tructi n due t regulat ry re!tricti n! and $ureaucratic red ta&e( the #inancial c !t! can $e detri'ental. 2hi! i! the rea! n ! 'e react r! in &r gre!! are a$and ned. A&erati nal c !t! include c !t! # r 'anage'ent the react r a! well a! !a#ety and #uel. 7! # r #uel( nuclear & wer i! the ty&e # & wer that c n!u'ed the lea!t a' unt # #uel &er kwh # electricity. 7&r %i'ately 3@=(=== k/h electricity i! generated #r ' 1 kg # uraniu' which c !t 2;;= d llar! a#ter g ing thr ugh c n"er!i n( enrich'ent( and #uel #a$ricati n a! !h wn in the # ll wing ta$le &r "ided $y w rld nuclear a!! ciati n -50. Uranium: D.> kg 33AD% :14@ 34: 13== Conversion: ;.5 kg 3 % :13 34: >D Enrichment: ;.3 4/3 % :155 34: 1132 Fuel fabrication: &er kg 34: 24= Total, approx: 34: 2;;= 2here# re( the #uel c !t w rk! ut t $e =.;; cent! &er k/h. 2hi! i! #airly l w in c '&ari! n t

ther ty&e! # & wer. M re "er( the &r ducti n c !t! which include 'aintenance( &erati n and #uel c !t!( are #airly l w # r nuclear in c '&ari! n t ga! and c al a! !h wn in the # ll wing gra&h $y Nuclear Energy ,n!titute -@0.

2here# re( i# the initial c n!tructi n c !t can $e c "ered thr ugh g "ern'ent l an!( &ri"ate and c ''ercial $ank! in"e!t'ent!( the &r #it! can $e gradually earned t re&ay the l an! # r the ca&ital c !t!. M re "er( the &r #it! gained $y nuclear & wer i! e%&ected t $e higher than ther ! urce! # & wer. Nuclear & wer i! ' re de&endent n electricity &rice!. 2he higher the electricity &rice( the higher the &r #it! unlike ga!6#ired & wer # r which high electricity &rice will ha"e little e##ect a! it i! u!ually $r ught a$ ut $y high ga! &rice! -;0. 2he electricity &rice! ha! $een ri!ing # r the &a!t decade a! !h wn in the # ll wing gra&h -D0.

2here# re( the &r #it # nuclear energy i! e%&ected t gr w t gether with gr wing electricity &rice! a! !h wn in the a$ "e gra&h -;0. 2here# re( when the challenge! # wa!te di!& !al( !a#ety and !ecurity i!!ue! and e!&ecially high c !t! are "erc 'e in way! 'enti ned a$ "e( the nuclear & wer can $e a &r #ita$le $u!ine!!.

Re#erence! -10 / rld Nuclear 7!! ciati n /e$!iteF /a!te Manage'entF A"er"iew htt&F//www.w rld6nuclear. rg/in# /Nuclear69uel6Cycle/Nuclear6/a!te!//a!te6Manage'ent6 A"er"iew/G.3HiHM12Ie4 -20 2he )igh C !t! # Nuclear P werF Maryland P,RB 9 undati n htt&F//www.nir!. rg/nukerela&!e/cal"ert/highc !tn& werJ'd&irg.&d# -30 34 4u&& rt! Nuclear React r! in Be rgiaF 2he New E rk 2i'e!K htt&F//www.nyti'e!.c '/2=1=/=2/1;/$u!ine!!/energy6en"ir n'ent/1;nuke!.ht'lLJrM2C -40 Nuclear .ank! Re!earch Br u&
http://www.nuclearbanks.org/#/home

-50 2he Ec n 'ic! # Nuclear P werF / rld Nuclear 7!! ciati n. htt&F//www.w rld6nuclear. rg/in# /Ec n 'ic67!&ect!/Ec n 'ic!6 #6Nuclear6P wer/G.3HiaEl2Ie45 -@0 34 Electricity Pr ducti n C !t! and C '& nent! -2===62==>0F Nuclear Energy ,n!titute htt&F//www.nei. rg/re! urce!and!tat!/D cu'entli$rary/Relia$le6and67## rda$le6 Energy/gra&hic!andchart!/u!electricity&r ducti nc !t!andc '& nent! -;0Car$ n Pricing( P wer Market! and the C '&etiti"ene!! # Nuclear P werF Nuclear Energy 7gency htt&F//www. ecd6nea. rg/ndd/re& rt!/2=11/car$ n6&ricing6e%ec6!u'62=11.&d# -D0/ l#ra' 7l&ha Kn wledge .a!e 2=13 htt&F//www.w l#ra'al&ha.c '/in&ut/LiM&riceN #NelectricityN "erNdecade