SET A

1 We are what we have" would be associated with which of the following concepts? Personality. person's self-concept. Beliefs. Attitudes. 2Another term for a motive (especially after it has become activated or directed) is a: Action. Need. Drive. Cue. 3Basic needs such as hunger and thirst are called: Safety needs. Psychological needs. Social needs. Physiological needs. 4Which step of the buyer decision process immediately precedes the purchase decision? Post purchase behaviour. Need recognition. Information search. Evaluation of alternatives. 5If a consumer has discomfort caused by post purchase conflict, the consumer is experiencing: Subliminal persuasion Confirmation Cognitive dissonance None of the above
6understanding of consumer needs and then develops a marketing mix to satisfy these needs. The marketing concept The strategic plan The product influences The price influences 7. ________________ is one of the most basic influences on an individuals needs, wants, and behavior. Brand

 Culture Product Price 8. In terms of consumer behavior; culture, social class, and reference group influences have been related to purchase and _______________. Economic situations Situational influences Consumption decisions Physiological influences 9. Many sub-cultural barriers are decreasing because of mass communication, mass transit, and a ___________________. Decline in the influence of religious values Decline in communal influences Strong awareness of brands in the market Strong awareness of pricing policies in the market 10. ___________ develop on the basis of wealth, skills and power. Economical classes Purchasing communities Competitors Social classes 11. In large nations, the population is bound to lose a lot of its homogeneity, and thus _________________ arise. Multilingual needs Cultures Subcultures Product adaptation requirements 12. _______________ are based on such things as geographic areas, religions, nationalities, ethnic groups, and age. Multilingual needs

 Cultures Subcultures Product adaptation requirements 13. Two of the most important psychological factors that impact consumer decision-making process are product _____________ and product involvement. Marketing Strategy Price Knowledge 14. Which of the following is the most valuable piece of information for determining the social class of your best friend's parents? The number of years schooling that they had Their ethnic backgrounds Their combined annual income Their occupations 15. __________ is the single factor that best indicates social class. Time Money Occupation Fashion 16. In terms of consumption decisions, middle class consumers prefer to _________. o Buy at a market that sells at a whole sale rates o Buy what is popular o Buy only the brands which sell at affordable prices

o Analyze the market and select the best at the lowest prices 17. Marketing research is the function that links the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer through a. Information b. Sales. c. Computer. d. All of the above 18. MR stands for a. Medical Research b. Marketing Research c. All of the above d. None of the above 19. ____________Department provides specific information to marketing managers: a. Marketing. b. Finance. c. Marketing research. d. Systems. 20. _____________Department cannot provide specific information to a marketing manager a. Marketing. b. Finance. c. Marketing research. d. Systems 21. A marketing research project might have _______ types of objectives a. Causal b. Descriptive c. Exploratory d. All of the above 22. The second step of the marketing research process calls for determining. a. Sample size b. objectives c. Information needed d. All of the above 23. A marketing researcher can gather secondary data, primary data, or both. a. Yes b. No c. May be d. All of the above 24. Only MNCs prefer having this department a. Sales Department b. Marketing Research c. Production d. All of the above

25. Primary data consists of information collected a. Production b. In specific purpose c. for the specific purpose d. All of the above 26. ________data consists of information that already exists somewhere. a. Environmental b. primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 27. ________data consists of information that doesnt exists. a. Environmental b. primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 28. ______ data collection requires more extensive research, more time, and more money. a. Environmental b. Primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 29. Researchers can rarely obtain all the data they need from ________ sources. a. Environmental b. Primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 30. __________is the gathering of primary data by observing relevant people, actions, and situations. a. Situational research b. Marketing research c. Observational research d. All of the above 31. _________research is the approach best suited for gathering descriptive information a. Survey b. Marketing c. Observational d. Causal 32. ________can be used to obtain information that people are unwilling or unable to provide. a. Situational research b. Marketing research c. Observational research d. All of the above

33. The major advantage of survey research is its a. Options b. Flexibility c. Cheap. d. All of the above 34. Marketing Research management helps an organization in. a. Reducing production costs b. Decrease the production cost c. Reduce the time it takes to make a new product d. All of the above 35. One of the example where marketing research is extensively used by organizations are a. Consumer durables. b. Pharma Industry. c. Industrial Products. d. All of the above. 36. observation is best suited for ___________ research a. Exploratory research. b. Survey research c. Observational research d. All of the above. 37. ___________research tries to explain cause-and-effect relationships.: a. Experimental research. b. Survey research c. Observational research d. All of the above. 38. Research may be collected by: a. Mail, personal interview. b. Telephone, c. email, fax d. All of the above 39. ________ can be used to collect large amounts of information at a low cost per respondent a. Mail b. Telephone, personal interview c. email, fax d. All of the above 40. __________questionnaires lack flexibility in that they require simply worded questions.. a. Mail b. Telephone, personal interview c. email, fax d. All of the above 41. The marketing researcher must design a sampling plan, which calls for three decisions: a. Sampling Unit. b. Sample Size c. Sampling Procedure

d. All of the above 42. _______determines who is to be surveyed.: a. Sampling Unit. b. Sample Size c. Sampling Procedure d. All of the above 43. ________determines the number of people to be surveyed a. Sampling Unit. b. Sample Size c. Sampling Procedure d. All of the above 44. ________determines how the respondents should be chosen a. Sampling Unit. b. Sample Size c. Sampling Procedure d. All of the above 45. In collecting primary data, marketing researchers have a choice of ________ research instruments a. questionnaire b. Mechanical devices. c. All of the above d. None of the above 46.__________are the characteristics of good marketing research a. Scientific Method b. Research Creativity c. Independence of Model and data d. All of the above 47.Different constraits that may crop up in a research are a. Time. b. Money. c. Sample size. d. All of the above. 48.Many managers see marketing research as only a ________ operation a. Continuous operation. b. Fact-finding operation. c. All of the above. d. none of the above 49.A hypothesis differs from a research question; it is a. More specific. b. Makes a prediction. c. All of the above d. None of the above 50.The worth of a hypothesis often depends on the _________ skills a. Managing Directors

b. Researchers c. Marketers d. All of the above 51.A good hypothesis should a. Have logical consistency b. Be in step with current literature. c. Be testable. d. All of the above 52.A research study includes at least ______ hypotheses a. one b. Two c. Three d. Cannot say 53.name the two hypothesis a. Null. b. Alternate. c. All of the above. d. None of the above. 54.Observations that cannot be measured are termed as a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. All of the above d. None of the above 55.Marketing research information is used to take _______ decisions a. Long b. Short c. Medium d. all of the above 56.The major advantage of survey research is its . A.Options b. Flexibility c. Cheap. d. All of the above 57. Marketing Research management helps an organization in. a. Reducing production costs b. Decrease the production cost c. Reduce the time it takes to make a new product d. All of the above 58. Information gathered for marketing research is from_________ a. Inside the organization b. Outside the organization c. All of the above d. None of the above

59. Information gathered for marketing research is stored by. a. Market research Information systems b. Database c. library d. None of the above 60. Marketing research information is gathered by a. Surveys b. Marketing personnel c. customers d. All of the above

61. Documenting of marketing research findings is called _________ a. Document writing b. Report writing c. None of the above d. All of the above 62 Which component of attitudes consists of a consumer's beliefs about an object? A) affective B) cognitive C) factual D) behavioral E) utilitarian 63Which of the following is used to understand a consumer's cognitive component of attitude? A) attribution theory B) cognitive dissonance theory C) multiattribute attitude model D) attitude consistency theory E) attitude perception model 64.How are actual behaviors and response tendencies most often measured? A) physiological measures B) multiattribute models C) SAM and adSAM D) direct questioning E) 100-point constant-sum scales 65Changing behavior prior to changing affect or cognition is based primarily on _____. A) classical conditioning B) operant conditioning C) iconic rote learning D) analytical reasoning E) mere exposure 66.Which of the following is an individual factor that can influence attitude change?

A) B) C) D) E)

program context level of viewer distraction buying occasion consumer knowledge all of the above

67.The purchase decision and consumption process always occur in the context of _____. A) others B) a specific situation C) marketing communications D) an extended decision-making process E) a social surrounding

68. To understand a consumer's behavior, we must know about the _____. A) consumer B) situation C) stimulus object D) a and b E) a, b, and c

69.Which of the following also includes a situation-specific component? A) personality B) self-concept C) involvement D) demographics E) brand image

70. Which of the following is a situation in which consumer behavior occurs? A) communications situation B) purchase situation C) usage situation D) disposition situation E) all of the above

SET B
1. Which of the following is NOT a situation in which consumer behavior occurs? A) communications situation B) purchase situation C) usage situation D) disposition situation E) all of the above are situations in which consumer behavior occurs

2. A) B) C) D) E)

Which of the following is a situation characteristic? product package temporal perspective demographics social class

3Which of the following is NOT an individual characteristic influencing consumer behavior? A) culture B) attitudes C) task definition D) social class E) motivation

4. Which of the following is NOT a consumption response? A) task definition B) problem recognition C) purchase D) disposition E) alternative evaluation

5. Which type of industry has developed around the use of ambient scents? A) professional scenting B) environmental fragrancing C) scent motivation D) environmental creationism

E) environmental construction

6. How does music influence consumer behavior? A) subliminally B) reduces consumers' perception of overcrowding C) changes temporal perspective D) influences mood E) changes cognitive structures 7.Under conditions of crowding, consumers tend to _____. A) buy less B) make faster decisions C) use less information D) be less satisfied E) all of the above

8.Which situational characteristic deals with the effect of time on consumer behavior? A) physical surroundings B) social surroundings C) temporal perspective D) task definition E) antecedent states

9.Which of the following is a reason consumers give gifts? A) social expectations B) ritualized consumption experiences C) to elicit return favors D) as an expression of love and caring E) all of the above

10We are what we have" would be associated with which of the following concepts? Personality. A person's self-concept. Beliefs. Attitudes. 11 Another term for a motive (especially after it has become activated or directed) is a: Action.

Need. Drive. Cue. 12 Basic needs such as hunger and thirst are called: Safety needs. Psychological needs. Social needs. Physiological needs. 13 Which step of the buyer decision process immediately precedes the purchase decision? Post purchase behaviour. Need recognition. Information search. Evaluation of alternatives. 14If a consumer has discomfort caused by post purchase conflict, the consumer is experiencing: Subliminal persuasion Confirmation Cognitive dissonance None of the above
15understanding of consumer needs and then develops a marketing mix to satisfy these needs. The marketing concept The strategic plan The product influences The price influences 16. ________________ is one of the most basic influences on an individuals needs, wants, and behavior. Brand Culture Product Price 17. In terms of consumer behavior; culture, social class, and reference group influences have been related to purchase and _______________. Economic situations Situational influences Consumption decisions Physiological influences 18. Many sub-cultural barriers are decreasing because of mass communication, mass transit, and a ___________________. Decline in the influence of religious values Decline in communal influences Strong awareness of brands in the market Strong awareness of pricing policies in the market 19. ___________ develop on the basis of wealth, skills and power. Economical classes Purchasing communities Competitors

Social classes 20. In large nations, the population is bound to lose a lot of its homogeneity, and thus _________________ arise. Multilingual needs Cultures Subcultures Product adaptation requirements 21. _______________ are based on such things as geographic areas, religions, nationalities, ethnic groups, and age. Multilingual needs

Cultures Subcultures Product adaptation requirements 22. Two of the most important psychological factors that impact consumer decision-making process are product _____________ and product involvement. Marketing Strategy Price Knowledge 23. Which of the following is the most valuable piece of information for determining the social class of your best friend's parents? The number of years schooling that they had Their ethnic backgrounds Their combined annual income Their occupations 24. __________ is the single factor that best indicates social class. Time Money Occupation Fashion 25. In terms of consumption decisions, middle class consumers prefer to _________. Buy at a market that sells at a whole sale rates Buy what is popular Buy only the brands which sell at affordable prices

Analyze the market and select the best at the lowest prices 26. Marketing research is the function that links the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer through a. Information b. Sales. c. Computer. d. All of the above 27. MR stands for a. Medical Research b. Marketing Research c. All of the above d. None of the above 28. ____________Department provides specific information to marketing managers: a. Marketing. b. Finance. c. Marketing research. d. Systems. 29. _____________Department cannot provide specific information to a marketing manager a. Marketing. b. Finance. c. Marketing research. d. Systems 30. A marketing research project might have _______ types of objectives a. Causal b. Descriptive c. Exploratory d. All of the above 31. The second step of the marketing research process calls for determining. a. Sample size b. objectives c. Information needed d. All of the above 32. A marketing researcher can gather secondary data, primary data, or both. a. Yes b. No c. May be d. All of the above 33. Only MNCs prefer having this department a. Sales Department b. Marketing Research c. Production d. All of the above

34. Primary data consists of information collected a. Production b. In specific purpose c. for the specific purpose d. All of the above 35. ________data consists of information that already exists somewhere. a. Environmental b. primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 36. ________data consists of information that doesnt exists. a. Environmental b. primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 37. ______ data collection requires more extensive research, more time, and more money. a. Environmental b. Primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 38. Researchers can rarely obtain all the data they need from ________ sources. a. Environmental b. Primary c. Secondary d. All of the above 39. __________is the gathering of primary data by observing relevant people, actions, and situations. a. Situational research b. Marketing research c. Observational research d. All of the above 40. _________research is the approach best suited for gathering descriptive information a. Survey b. Marketing c. Observational d. Causal 41.A good hypothesis should a. Have logical consistency b. Be in step with current literature. c. Be testable. d. All of the above 42.A research study includes at least ______ hypotheses a. one

b. Two c. Three d. Cannot say 43.name the two hypothesis a. Null. b. Alternate. c. All of the above. d. None of the above. 44.Measurable observations are called _________ observations. a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. All of the above d. None of the above 45.Observations that cannot be measured are termed as a. Quantitative b. Qualitative c. All of the above d. None of the above 46.Marketing research information is used to take _______ decisions. a. Long b. Short c. Medium d. all of the above 47.The major advantage of survey research is its a. Options b. Flexibility c. Cheap. d. All of the above 48. Marketing Research management helps an organization in. a. Reducing production costs b. Decrease the production cost c. Reduce the time it takes to make a new product d. All of the above 49. Information gathered for marketing research is from_________ . a. Inside the organization b. Outside the organization c. All of the above d. None of the above 50. Information gathered for marketing research is stored by. a. Market research Information systems b. Database c. library d. None of the above

51. Marketing research information is gathered by a. Surveys b. Marketing personnel c. customers d. All of the above

52. Documenting of marketing research findings is called _________ a. Document writing b. Report writing c. None of the above d. All of the above 53 Which component of attitudes consists of a consumer's beliefs about an object? A) affective B) cognitive C) factual D) behavioral E) utilitarian 54Which of the following is used to understand a consumer's cognitive component of attitude? A) attribution theory B) cognitive dissonance theory C) multiattribute attitude model D) attitude consistency theory E) attitude perception model 55.How are actual behaviors and response tendencies most often measured? A) physiological measures B) multiattribute models C) SAM and adSAM D) direct questioning E) 100-point constant-sum scales 56Changing behavior prior to changing affect or cognition is based primarily on _____. A) classical conditioning B) operant conditioning C) iconic rote learning D) analytical reasoning E) mere exposure 57.Which of the following is an individual factor that can influence attitude change? A) program context B) level of viewer distraction C) buying occasion D) consumer knowledge E) all of the above

58.The purchase decision and consumption process always occur in the context of _____. A) others B) a specific situation C) marketing communications D) an extended decision-making process E) a social surrounding

59. To understand a consumer's behavior, we must know about the _____. A) consumer B) situation C) stimulus object D) a and b E) a, b, and c

60.Which of the following also includes a situation-specific component? A) personality B) self-concept C) involvement D) demographics E) brand image

61. Which of the following is a situation in which consumer behavior occurs? A) communications situation B) purchase situation C) usage situation D) disposition situation E) all of the above

62. ________can be used to obtain information that people are unwilling or unable to provide. a. Situational research b. Marketing research c. Observational research d. All of the above 63. The major advantage of survey research is its

a. Options b. Flexibility c. Cheap. d. All of the above 64. Marketing Research management helps an organization in. a. Reducing production costs b. Decrease the production cost c. Reduce the time it takes to make a new product d. All of the above 65. One of the example where marketing research is extensively used by organizations are a. Consumer durables. b. Pharma Industry. c. Industrial Products. d. All of the above. 66. observation is best suited for ___________ research a. Exploratory research. b. Survey research c. Observational research d. All of the above. 67. ___________research tries to explain cause-and-effect relationships.: a. Experimental research. b. Survey research c. Observational research d. All of the above. 68. Research may be collected by: a. Mail, personal interview. b. Telephone, c. email, fax d. All of the above 69. ________ can be used to collect large amounts of information at a low cost per respondent. a. Mail b. Telephone, personal interview c. email, fax d. All of the above 70. __________questionnaires lack flexibility in that they require simply worded questions.. a. Mail b. Telephone, personal interview c. email, fax d. All of the above