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Japan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For the Wikipedia Manual of Style concerning Japan-related articles, see

MOS:JP "Nippon" redirects here. For other uses, see Japan (disambiguation) and Nippon ( disambiguation). Japan ??? Nippon-koku Nihon-koku Centered red circle on a white rectangle. Golden circle subdivided by gold en wedges with rounded outer edges and thin black outlines. Flag Imperial Seal Anthem: "Kimigayo" "???" MENU0:00 Government Seal of Japan Seal of the Office of the Prime Minister and the Government of Japan ??? (Go-Shichi no Kiri?) Capital Tokyo 3541'N 13946'E Official languages None[1] Recognised regional languages Aynu itak Ryukyuan languages Eastern Japanese Western Japanese several other Japanese dialects National language Japanese Ethnic groups (2011[2]) 98.5% Japanese 0.5% Korean 0.4% Chinese 0.6% other Demonym Japanese Government Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Emperor Akihito Prime Minister Shinzo Abe Deputy Prime Minister Taro Aso Legislature National Diet Upper house House of Councillors Lower house House of Representatives Formation National Foundation Day February 11, 660 BC[3] Meiji Constitution November 29, 1890 Current constitution May 3, 1947 San Francisco Peace Treaty April 28, 1952 Area Total 377,944 km2[4] (62nd) 145,925 sq mi Water (%) 0.8 Population 2012 estimate 126,659,683[5] (10th) 2010 census 128,056,026[6] Density 337.1/km2 (36th)

873.1/sq mi GDP (PPP) 2013 estimate Total $4.729 trillion[7] (4th) Per capita $37,135[7] (21st) GDP (nominal) 2013 estimate Total $5.007 trillion[8] (3rd) Per capita $39,321[9] (23rd) Gini (2008) 37.6[10] medium 76th HDI (2013) Increase 0.912[11] very high 10th Currency Yen () / En ? (JPY) Time zone JST (UTC+9) Summer (DST) not observed (UTC+9) Date format yyyy-mm-dd yyyy?m?d? Era yy?m?d? (CE-1988) Drives on the left Calling code +81 ISO 3166 code JP Internet TLD .jp You may need rendering support to display the Japanese text in this arti cle correctly. Japan Listeni/d??'pn/ (Japanese: ?? Nippon or Nihon; formally ??? About this soun d Nippon-koku or Nihon-koku, literally the "State of Japan") is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of J apan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okh otsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin", which is why the country is sometim es referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is an archipelago of 6,852 islands, the four largest being Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku. Together, these four islands hold about 97 percent of the country's land area. Japan has the world's tenth-largest population, with more than 126 million people. Honshu' s Greater Tokyo Area includes the de facto capital city of Tokyo and several sur rounding prefectures. It is the largest metropolitan area in the world, with mor e than 30 million residents. Archaeological research indicates that people lived in Japan as early as the Upp er Paleolithic period. The first written mention of Japan is found in Chinese te xts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other nations followed by long perio ds of isolation has characterized Japan's history. Japan evolved into a cohesive society during the Heian period (8th-11th centuries AD). From the 12th century until 1868, Japan was ruled by successive feudal military dictatorships or shogu nates in the name of the Emperor. In the early 17th century, Japan entered into a long period of isolation, which was only ended in 1853 when a United States fl eet pressured Japan to open to the West. Nearly two decades of internal conflict and insurrection followed before the Meiji Emperor was restored as head of stat e in 1868 and the Empire of Japan was proclaimed, with the Emperor enshrined as a divine symbol of the nation. Periodic insurrections and civil disturbances continued into the 1870s. A modern constitution was promulgated in 1889 and a Western-style parliament established . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, victories in the First Sino-Japanes e War, the Russo-Japanese War and the First World War allowed Japan to expand it s empire during a period of increasing militarism. From 1931, military expansion into China and Manchuria led to the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Japan all ied itself with the Axis powers in 1940, and the war in China became part of Wor ld War II in 1941. While Japan initially enjoyed a period of military dominance, successive military defeats and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki l

ed to the end of the war in 1945, Japan's surrender and the loss of its empire. Under Allied military occupation lasting until 1952, Japan dissolved and restruc tured its military, adopted a revised constitution in 1947 and became a unitary constitutional monarchy with an emperor and a democratically elected legislature . A major economic power,[2] Japan has the world's third-largest economy

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