Pectinate line

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Pectinate line

Pectinate line labeled at bottom center.

The interior of the anal cami and lower part of the rectum, showing the columns of Morgagni and the anal valves between their lower ends. (Pectinate line visible but not labeled.)

Latin

Linea pectinata, linea anocutanea

The pectinate line (dentate line) is a line which divides the upper 2/3s and lower 1/3 of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents thehindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:

Distinction

Above pectinate line

Below pectinate line

destination oflymphdrainage

internal iliac lymph nodes,[1] inferior superficial inguinal lymph nodes (below Hilton's mesenteric lymph nodes[2] (pararectal white line)[3] lymph nodes),

epithelium

columnar epithelium (as is most of the digestive tract - the line represents the end of the part of the body derived from the hindgut)

stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized (until Hilton's white line, where the anal verge becomes continuous with the perianal skin containing keratinized epithelium.)

embryological origin

endoderm

ectoderm

artery

superior rectal artery

middle and inferior rectal arteries

vein

superior rectal vein

middle and inferior rectal veins

hemorrhoidsclassification internal hemorrhoids (not painful)

external hemorrhoids (painful)

nerves

inferior hypogastric plexus

inferior rectal nerves

Additional images[edit]

Microscopic cross section of the anorectal junction.

Anatomy of the anus and rectum

Coronal section of rectum and anal canal.

References[edit]
1. Jump up^ Anne M. R. Agur; Moore, Keith L. (2006). Essential Clinical Anatomy (Point (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)). Hagerstown, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 258. ISBN 0-7817-6274-X. 2. Jump up^ "Dissector Answers - Pelvis & Pelvic Viscera". Retrieved 200712-09. 3. Jump up^ "Pelvis". Retrieved 2007-12-09.

External links[edit]

Pectinate+line at eMedicine Dictionary pelvis at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (rectum)
[hide]

V T E

Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract, excluding mouth (TA A05.37, T

Upper GI Hypo- pharynx

Piriform sinus spaces: Peripharyngeal space Retropharyngeal space Parapharyngeal space Retrovisceral space


Esophagus

Retropharyngeal space Danger space Prevertebral space Pterygomandibular raphe Pharyngeal raphe Buccopharyngeal fascia Pharyngobasilar fascia Pharyngeal muscles UES LES Esophageal glands Serosa / Adventitia Muscular layer Submucosa Mucosa Muscularis mucosa by region: Greater curvature Lesser curvature Angular incisure Cardia Body Fundus Pylorus antrum canal sphincter by layer: Serosa Muscular layer Submucosa Gastric mucosa Muscularis mucosa Gastric rugae

Stomach

Gastric pits Gastric gland Cardiac glands Fundic glands Pyloric glands Goblet cell

Layers

Serosa Subserosa Muscular layer Circular folds Submucosa Mucosa Muscularis mucosa Peyer's patches Intestinal villus Intestinal gland Suspensory muscle Major duodenal papilla Minor duodenal papilla Duodenal cap Duodenojejunal flexure Brunner's glands

Intestine: small

Lower GI Duodenum

no substructures Jejunum
Ileum Terminal ileum Ileocecal valve

Intestine: large

Serosa Subserosa

Muscular layer Layers

Submucosa Mucosa

Vermiform appendix Cecum


Colon

ascending colon hepatic flexure transverse colon splenic flexure descending colon sigmoid colon continuous taenia coli haustra epiploic appendix Transverse folds of rectum Rectal ampulla Anal columns Anal valves Anal sinuses Pectinate line Sphincter ani internus muscle Intersphincteric groove Sphincter ani externus muscle Anus

Rectum

Anal canal

M: DIG

anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epo

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This page was last modified on 1 March 2013 at 11:31.

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