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Posted APR 29 2012 by JI GUP ARM AR in HI GH VO LTAGE, M AI NTENANCE , MO TO R, TRANSFO RM ERS ,TRANSMI SSIO N AND DI STRI BUTI O N with 3 COM M ENTS
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Fluke insulation resistance tester up to 10kV - Allows testing of high voltage systems such as control gears, engines, generators and cables. It can be adjusted to all testing voltages that are specified in IEEE 43 -2000. Ideal for Electricity Board and industrial companies for predictive and preventive maintenance.
Megger Size 500 Volts 1,000 Volts 2,500 Volts 2,500 Volts 2,500 Volts 5,000 Volts 15,000 Volts 15,000 Volts 15,000 Volts
Min.IR Value 25 M 100 M 1,000 M 2,000 M 5,000 M 20,000 M 100,000 M 100,000 M 100,000 M
At a pressure of 1000 V applied between each live conductor and earth for a period of one minute theinsulation resistance of HV installations shall be at least 1 Mega ohm or as specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards. Medium and Low Voltage Installations- At a pressure of 500 V applied between each live conductor and earth for a period of one minute, the insulation resistance of medium and low voltage installations shall be at least 1 Mega ohm or as specified by the Bureau of Indian Standards] from time to time. As per CBIP specifications the acceptable values are 2 Mega ohms per KV Index
Transformer windings are never left floating for insulation resistance measurements. Solidly grounded winding must have the ground removed in order to measure the insulation resistance of the winding grounded. If the ground cannot be removed, as in the case of some windings w ith solidly
grounded neutrals, the insulation resistance of the winding cannot be measured. Treat it as part of the grounded section of the circuit. We need to test winding to winding and winding to ground ( E ).For three phase transformers, We need to test winding ( L1,L2,L3 ) with substitute Earthing for Delta transformer or winding ( L1,L2,L3 ) with earthing ( E ) and neutral ( N ) for wye transformers.
IR Value for Transformer (Ref: A Guide to Transformer Maintenance by. JJ. Kelly. S.D Myer) Transformer 1 Phase Transformer 3 Phase Transformer (Star) 3 Phase Transformer (Delta) Formula IR Value (M) = C X E / (KVA) IR Value (M) = C X E (P -n) / (KVA) IR Value (M) = C X E (P -P) / (KVA)
Where C= 1.5 for Oil filled T/C with Oil Tank, 30 for Oil filled T/C without Oil Tank or Dry Type T/C.
Correction Factor 0.25 0.36 0.50 0.720 1.00 1.98 3.95 7.85
0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50
32 41 50 59 68 86 104 122
Example: For 1600KVA, 20KV/400V,Three Phase Transformer IR Value at HV Side= (1.5 x 20000) / 1600 =16000 / 40 = 750 M at 20 C IR Value at LV Side = (1.5 x 400 ) / 1600= 320 / 40 = 15 M at 20 C IR Value at 30 C =15X1.98= 29.7 M
0 0 0
Megger Size
IR Value of Transformers
Voltage Test Voltage (DC) LV side Test Voltage (DC) HV side Min IR Value
415V Up to 6.6KV 6.6KV to 11KV 11KV to 33KV 33KV to 66KV 66KV to 132KV 132KV to 220KV
2. HV (LV + GND) 3. LV (HV + GND) Three winding transformer 1. HV (LV + TV + GND) 2. LV (HV + TV + GND) 3. (HV + LV + TV) GND 4. TV (HV + LV + GND) Auto transformer (two windings) 1. (HV + LV) GND Auto Transformer (three winding) 1. (HV + LV) (TV + GND) 2. (HV + LV + TV) GND 3. TV (HV + LV + GND) For any installation, the insulation resistance measured shall not be less than: HV Earth 200 M LV Earth 100 M HV LV 200 M
Index
As per IEEE 43 Standard 1974, 2000 IR Value in M IR (Min) = kV+1 IR (Min) = 100 M IR (Min) = 5 M For most windings made before about 1970, all field windings, and others not described below For most dc armature and ac windings built after about 1970 (form wound coils) For most machines with random -wound stator coils and form-wound coils rated below 1kV
Example-1: For 11KV, Three Phase Motor. IR Value =11+1=12 M but as per IEEE43 It should be 100 M Example-2: For 415V,Three Phase Motor IR Value =0.415+1=1.41 M but as per IEEE43 It should be 5 M. As per IS 732 Min IR Value of Motor=(20XVoltage(p-p/(1000+2XKW)
IR Value 20 M 10 M 2 M 0.5 M
11kV and 33kV Cables between Cores and Earth (As per ETSA Standard)
Application 11KV New cables Sheath 11KV After repairs Sheath 33KV no TFs connected 33KV with TFs connected. Test Voltage 5KV DC 5KV DC 5KV DC 5KV DC Min IR Value 1000 M 100 M 1000 M 15M
Rotate the handle of megger or press push button of megger. The reading of meter will show the insulation resistance of the conductors. Insulation reading shall be recorded after applying the test voltage for about a minute till a steady reading is obtained.
IR Value Measurements:
If during periodical testing, insulation resistance of cable is found between 5 and 1 M /km at buried temperature, the subject cable should be programmed for replacement. If insulation resistance of the cable is found between 1000 and 100 K /km, at buried temperature, the subject cable should be replaced urgently within a year. If the insulation resistance of the cable is found less than 100 kilo ohm/km., the subject cable must be replaced immediately on emergency basis. Index
Typical IR Value of S/S Equipments Equipment Circuit Breaker (Phase-Earth) (Phase-Phase) Control Circuit CT/PT (Pri-Earth) Megger Size 5KV,10 KV 5KV,10 KV 0.5KV 5KV,10 KV IR Value(Min) 1000 M 1000 M 50 M 1000 M
(Sec-Phase) Control Circuit Isolator (Phase-Earth) (Phase-Phase) Control Circuit L.A Electrical Motor LT Switchgear LT Transformer (Phase-Earth) (Phase-Earth) (Phase-Earth) (Phase-Earth)
IR Value of S/S Equipments As per DEP Standard Equipment Meggering IR Value at Commissioning Time (M) 200 M 20 M 5 M (10XKV) / KM 10(KV+1) 75 M 100 M 10 M 5K / Volt 5 M 5 M 2 M / KV 5M 40M 50M 40M 70M IR Value at Maintenance Time 100 M 10 M 0.5 M (KV) / KM 2(KV+1) 30 M 25 M 2 M 1K / Volt 1M 1M -
Switchgear
Cable(min 100 Meter) Motor & Generator Transformer Oil immersed Transformer Dry Type Fixed Equipments/Tools Movable Equipments Distribution Equipments Circuit Breaker Relay
HV & LV Phase-Earth HV & LV HV LV Phase-Earth Phase-Earth Phase-Earth Main Circuit Control Circuit D.C Circuit-Earth LT Circuit-Earth LT-D.C Circuit LT-LT
Index
1 Phase Wiring
>The IR test between Phase-Natural to earth must be carried out on the complete installation with the main switch off, with phase and neutral connected together, with lamps and other equipment disconnected, but with fuses in, circuit breakers closed and all circuit switches closed. Where two-way switching is wired, only one of the two stripper wires will be tested. To test the other, both two-way switches should be operated and the system retested. If desired, the installation can be tested as a whole, when a value of at least 0.5 M Ohms should be achieved.
1 Phase Wiring
3 Phase Wiring
In the case of a very large installation where there are many earth paths in parallel, the reading would be expected to be lower. If this happens, the installation should be subdivided and retested, when each part must meet the minimum requirement.
3 Phase Wiring
The IR tests must be carried out between Phase-Phase-Neutral-Earth with a minimum acceptable value for each test of 0.5 M Ohms.
IR Testing for Low voltage Circuit voltage Extra Low Voltage Up to 500 V except for above 500 V To 1KV Test voltage 250V DC 500 V DC 1000 V DC IR Value(Min) 0.25M 0.5M 1.0M
Min IR Value = 50 M / No of Electrical outlet. (All Electrical Points with fitting & Plugs) Min IR Value = 100 M / No of Electrical outlet. (All Electrical Points without fitting & Plugs). Index
Required Precautions
Electronic equipment like electronic fluorescent starter switches, touch switches, dimmer switches, power controllers, delay timers could be damaged by the application of the high test voltage should be disconnected. Capacitors and indicator or pilot lamps must be disconnected or an inaccurate test reading will result. Where any equipment is disconnected for testing purposes, it must be subjected to its own insulation test, using a voltage which is not likely to result in damage. The result must conform with that specified in the British Standard concerned, or be at least 0.5 M Ohms if there is no Standard.
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earth, insulation, measurement, megger, motor, resistance, test, transformer, voltage, winding