Article Summary 2 Outline

Name: Desiree Draper

Find an article relating to biological anthropology from a scientific peer-reviewed journal and complete the first (Original source) and second (Reflection) parts of the outline. Find a second source related to your first and complete the third part of the outline (Related source). This may be a popular review of the original source. Limited responses will not receive full credit. More detailed instructions and links to resources are posted in Canvas. This outline should be completed and turned in on the day you present to the class and it will be used for grading the assignment. Additionally, submit the summary portions only in Canvas. No late work will be accepted.

Pts. 1. Original source: .5 ____ a. Title: An evolutionary compromise for long tooth preservation .5 ____ b. Author(s): Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology .5 ____ c. Authors credentials: A researched based institute in Germany that has many well-known scientists that have also written for many different sources including Science Daily, which is a scientific peer reviewed website. .5 ____ d. Source: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. "An evolutionary compromise for long tooth preservation." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 24 July 2013. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130724102625.htm>. 5 ____ e. Summary: There were scientists in Germany, at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology that conducted a stress analysis test on gorillas teeth and the different wear processes they go through. What they have found shows that the part of the tooth that meets the other tooth when bitten down has a reaction with the tensile stresses. They also came to conclusion that the wear and loss of tissue on the teeth of the Gorilla has decreased the tensile stress also. The affect it has on Gorillas, is that the process of food becomes very less effective. When the condition of their tooth changes due to it wearing down, the biochemical elements change also ending in a compromise for longer tooth preservation. Finding out this information provides reasoning for evolution and adaption in molars, and enabling to endure bite forces and to reduce tooth failure throughout the lifetime of an individual. ( Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology) A scientist by the name of Stefano Benazzi also stated that, It seems that we observe an evolutionary compromise for long tooth preservation. Even though worn teeth are not as efficient, they still fulfill their task. This would not be the case if they were lost prematurely. This tells us that even though their teeth were worn down they were able to adapt and get done what was needed. The director of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology also stated that this research helps us understand the functional biomechanics of dental traits and that it might also be important for improving dental treatments. 1 ____ f. Critical evaluation I believe this source is credible because it came from science daily. I also researched a little bit about the website and it stated that the stories are selected from among dozens of press releases and

other materials submitted every day, and then edited to make sure it is high quality and has relevance. 1 ____ g. Relevance to biological anthropology: It is able to show the adaptions that Gorillas make due to biological factors they are faced with. 1 ____ h. Other disciplines touched upon: It also stated that it can help research that is done today with other animal and humans teeth. i. Synthesis 1 ____ i. Gorillas bodies are able to adapt to their environment in ways that people dont know about, including dental adaptions so their food source is able to keep them alive. 2 ____ 2. Reflection a. Which part of this assignment was most difficult and why? Finding a source that is reliable, there is a lot on the internet that is hard to believe. b. Identify at least one question you have after reading the original article and explain how you could go about finding an answer. Do other animals have this same effect with their teeth? I would just try to find other articles about other animals and their dental issues. c. Reflect on how the critical evaluation process impacted your opinion on the article. I think after looking for credible sources, I was able to find an article and I actually believed what I read because I knew this article was researched and edited by other scientists. d. How might the information in the article be useful in the future? This might be answered very broadly such as how an understanding of larger biological principles might be useful. I think this article was able to show how animals adapt to their environment without even knowing they do. It can help show other points of adaption and how the animal body works in sync with the environment. 3. Related source .5 ____ a. Title: Seal teeth offer glimpse into the environmental past of Russia's Lake Baikal .5 ____ b. Author(s): Wellesley College .5 ____ c. Authors credentials: This College, in Boston, is known for its excellence of higher education in the country and is also acknowledged as one of the nations best colleges for women. d. Complete reference: Wellesley College. "Seal teeth offer glimpse into the environmental past of Russia's Lake Baikal." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 21 March 2014. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/03/140321164657.htm>. 3 ____ e. Summary: A Nerpa, which is also known as the Baikal seal, is a seal that you can only find in fresh water. It is only found in Lake Baikal, in Russia. Scientists at Wellesley have found that the teeth on this seal hold a lot of evidence of the effects over decades that include; environmental pollution, nuclear testing, and climate change on Lake Baikal -- the deepest, oldest, and most bio-diverse lake in the world. (Wellesley College) A biological scientist by the name of Marianne Moore concluded that "The Baikal seal teeth are a chemical record of the lake". By studying the teeth of the seal they able to find the diet and chemical burdens that may have happened over the last 80 years. The teeth were found in ice that was harvested by other scientists in Russia. These seals can live up to 50 years and the dental layers can be studied

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to show different environmental patter that may have taken place over a certain period of time. The teeth found actually date back to before the industrial revolution took place. These teeth are able to prove more than just looking at the toxic elements in the water because the seals are at the top of their food chain and hold the best clues. Although they are early in the project, the scientists goal is to use seals teeth to determine changes in the watershed, such as the introduction of mining in the area, an increase in coal burning, and other environmental events. (Dr. Ozersky, Wellesley College) One conclusion they came to was that the levels of Uranium in the 1970s was higher than it is today. f. Critical evaluation: The information should be believed because it is off of a reliable source, Science daily, and researched by a well-known college. g. Relevance to chosen article: This article explains how dental evidence in an animal can prove more than just the types of food they eat. It can show different environmental stressed they lived in and what they had to go through just living.