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Contents
AP wired LAN
Infrastructure BSS
wired LAN
Wireless stations in an
AP
Infrastructure BSS must
always communicate via the
AP (never directly).
Before stations can use the
BSS: Association.
Independent BSS
AP AP AP
Distribution system
AP 1 AP 2 AP 1, AP 2 and router:
update your databases!
WS
Packets for this WS will
WS moves to another BSS now be routed via AP 2.
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
(LAN or
Internet)
AP 1 AP 2 2
1 Association 1
DHCP
2 Fetch IP address WS Server
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
(LAN or
124.2.10.57 Internet)
AP 1 AP 2
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
WS
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
(LAN or
124.2.10.57 Internet)
AP 1 AP 2
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
WS
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
(LAN or
124.2.10.57 Internet)
AP 1 AP 2
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
WS
The router must also know (and use) the MAC address of
the access point via which the packets must be routed.
For this purpose, a special protocol (IAPP) is needed!
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
00:03:76:BC:0D:12 (LAN or
124.2.10.57 Internet)
AP 1 AP 2
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
00:03:76:BC:0D:12
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
WS
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
(LAN or
Internet)
AP 1 AP 2 AP 3
1
2 IAPP: APs must be able to communicate
with each other when the station moves
around in the WLAN
In addition to IAPP …
BS 1 BS 2
Mobile
subscriber
Paging HLR number
points to points to
VLR HLR
Server
Response
Client
TCP/IP protocol : :
suite (usually) IP packet IP
: :
IP SDU (Service Data Unit) is sent IP
IP between protocol layers IP
LLC
LLC LLC
LLC
MAC
MAC MAC
MAC
PDU (Protocol Data Unit) is
PHY
PHY sent between network nodes PHY
PHY
(in a specific protocol layer)
One bit
Protocol Type … Subt. of frame 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
One bit
Protocol Type … Subt. of frame 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
External
Distribution System (DS)
Router network
00:03:76:BC:0D:12
00:20:34:B2:C4:10
AP 1 2 AP 2
3
00:90:4B:00:0C:72
WS 1
AP
2
Management frames
Beacon frames
ff ee ii
IAPP
IAPP QoS
QoS Security
Security
ff ee ii
IAPP
IAPP QoS
QoS Security
Security
IEEE 802.11f
IEEE 802.11e
Quality of Service
ff ee ii
(QoS) for better
IAPP
IAPP QoS
QoS Security
Security
handling of voice
802.11 traffic, by finding
802.11 basic
basic protocol
protocol
ways of minimizing
hh dd jitter and delay
DFS/TCP
DFS/TCP Scanning
Scanning variations and
aa bb maximising
gg access
OFDM 5GHz DSSS 2.4GHz OFDM point throughput.
2.4GHz
OFDM 5GHz DSSS 2.4GHz OFDM 2.4GHz
IEEE 802.11i
Security
ff issues such ee ii
as TKIP
IAPP (Temporary QoS Security
IAPP QoS Security
Key Integrity
Protocol)802.11
e.g. forbasic
802.11 basic protocol
protocol
improved key
hh
management, and dd
DFS/TCP
802.1x for
DFS/TCP Scanning
Scanning
authentication
aa bb gg
(note:
OFDMcan
OFDM 5GHzalso
5GHz be 2.4GHz
DSSS
DSSS 2.4GHz OFDM
OFDM2.4GHz
2.4GHz
used in wired LAN).
IEEE 802.11h
Transmit Power
ff ee i
Control (TPC)i &
IAPP
IAPP QoS
QoS Security
Security
Dynamic Frequency
802.11 Selection (DFS):
802.11 basic
basic protocol
protocol
Required in Europe
hh dd
for WLAN systems
DFS/TCP
DFS/TCP Scanning
Scanning
operating in the 5
aa bGHz
b band. gg
OFDM
OFDM5GHz
5GHz DSSS
DSSS2.4GHz
2.4GHz OFDM
OFDM2.4GHz
2.4GHz
IEEE 802.11d
802.11d supplements
ff ee i
thei MAC layer to
IAPP
IAPP QoS
QoS Security
Security
promote worldwide
802.11 usage of 802.11
802.11 basic
basic protocol
protocol
networks (through
hh dd further development
DFS/TCP
DFS/TCP Scanning
Scanning of active & passive
aa bb scanning
gg schemes).
OFDM
OFDM5GHz
5GHz DSSS
DSSS2.4GHz
2.4GHz OFDM
OFDM2.4GHz
2.4GHz